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Ver. 24.10
October 9th, 2024

450.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications. Barnadesioideae might be its own family, related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35138; hybrids: 686
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl.: 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 498 (1843)
450.5175 Genus Sonchus L.; Sp. Pl. 793 (1753)
Distribution: Macaronesia (many), Mediterranean, trop. Africa, Eurasia, Juan Fdz. Isl., Desventuradas Isl.
Species listed in database: 98; hybrids: 8
= Actites Lander; Telopea 1: 130 (1976)
= Agalma Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 33 (1840), nom. inval.
= Atalanthus D.Don; Edinburgh New Philos. J. 6: 311 (1828-1829 publ. 1829)
= Babcockia Boulos; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 35: 64 (1965)
= Chrysoprenanthes (Sch.Bip.) Bramwell; Bot. Macaronés., IV, Ci. 24: 182 (2003)
= Dendroseris D.Don; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 11: 388 (1832)
= Embergeria Boulos; Suppl. J. M. Black Fl. S. Austral. ed. 2.: 332 (1965)
= Hesperoseris Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez 2(6): 788 (1951)
= Kirkianella Allan; Fl. New Zealand 1: 761, 972 (1961)
= Lactucosonchus (Sch.Bip.) Svent.; Index Seminum (Acclim. Pl. Arautapae) 1969: 53 (1969)
= Phoenicoseris (Skottsb.) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez 2(6): 787 (1953)
= Rea Bertero ex Decne.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 1: 513 (1833)
= Sonchidium Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 6 (1874)
= Sonchoseris Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sér. 2, 17: 102 (1869), nom. inval.
= Sventenia Font Quer; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 2: 201 (1949)
= Taeckholmia Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 97 (1967), nom. superfl.
= Thamnoseris F.Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 47: 191 (1875)
= Wildpretia U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Vieraea 25: 203 (1997)
= xPrenanthenia Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 89 (1960)
= xSonchustenia Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 87 (1960)
species :
Sonchus acaulis Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult. ed. II. 4: 12 (1811)
Name: Stängellose Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon de monte (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus afromontanus R.E.Fr.; Act. Hort. Berg. 8: 103 (1925)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
23 ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA
species :
Sonchus angustissimus Hook.f.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 203 (1864)
Distribution: Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe
22 BEN NGA 23 CMN 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZIM
species :
Sonchus aquatilis Pourr.; Mem. Acad. Toul. 3: 330 (1788)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 BAL FRA POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus arvensis subsp. aquatilis (Pourr.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 1042 (1940)
= Sonchus loscosii Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 115 (1893)
= Sonchus maritimus subsp. aquatilis (Pourr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 434 (1879)
= Sonchus vulgaris subsp. aquatilis (Pourr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 206 (1905), nom. illeg.
species :
Sonchus araraticus Nazarova & Barsegyan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(7): 950 (1983)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
species :
Sonchus arboreus Sw. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 6: 189 (1838)
Name: Bäumchen-Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo arboreo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus arboreus Sweet; Hort. Brit. ed. II. 273 (1830)
= Prenanthes arborea (DC.) Brouss.; Elench. Hort. Monsp. 47 (1805)
= Taeckholmia arborea (DC.) Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 106 (1967)
species :
Sonchus arvensis L.; Sp. Pl. 793 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. arvensis
Name: Acker-Gänsedistel (DE), Field sow-thistle (EN)
Distribution: Faeroe Isl.; England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Sardinia; Italy; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (rare); S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Mongolia; Japan [I]; India [I] (throughout); Vietnam [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Fiji [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kentucky [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Washington [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Brazil [I] (Rio Grande do Sul [I], Minas Gerais [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Magallanes [I])
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS FRA SAR SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR 37 MON 38 jap 40 ind 41 vie 42 jaw 51 ctm nzl 60 fij 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 84 bra 85 arg cle
Remarks: arvensis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Hieracium arvense (L.) E.H.L.Krause; 112 (1906), isonym
= Hieracium arvense (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carn. er. II. 2: 110 (1771)
= Hieracium spinulosum Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 3: 645 (1826)
= Lepicaune spinulosa Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées: 480 (1813)
= Sonchoseris arvensis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sér. 2, 17: 103 (1869), nom. inval.
= Sonchoseris decora Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sér. 2, 17: 102 (1869), nom. inval.
= Sonchus arvensis var. angustifolius Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 99 (1836)
= Sonchus arvensis var. eglandulosus Farw.; Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 20: 192 (1918)
= Sonchus arvensis var. glaber St.-Lag.; A. Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8 2: 492 (1889)
= Sonchus arvensis var. nanus Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 87: 326 (1894)
= Sonchus arvensis var. shumovichii B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 94: 648 (1967)
= Sonchus arvensis var. vulgaris T.Marsson; 279 (1869)
= Sonchus cumbulus Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List no. 3251 (1831), nomen
= Sonchus exaltatus Wallr.; Linnaea 14: 659 (1841)
= Sonchus glaber Schult.; Obs. Bot. 162 (1809) non Gilib. 1782
= Sonchus glandulosus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transs. 371 (1866)
= Sonchus hispidus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 241 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Sonchus intermedius W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. ed. I. 434 (1837), non Krock.
= Sonchus ketzkhovelii Schchian; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 15: 71 (1949)
= Sonchus laevissimus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transs. 371 (1866)
= Sonchus longifolius Wall.; Numer. List no. 3251 (1831), nomen
= Sonchus maritimus Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 96 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus nitidus Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 33 (1779)
= Sonchus orixensis Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 60 (1814), Fl. Ind. 3: 402 (1832)
= Sonchus pratensis Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 968, Index (1866), orth. var.
= Sonchus repens Bubani; Fl. Pyrenees 2: 110 (1899)
= Sonchus vulgaris Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 204 (1905)
= Sonchus vulgaris subsp. arvensis (L.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 205 (1905), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. humilis (N.I.Orlova) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 185 (2000)
Distribution: Sweden; Finland; Latvia; N-European Russia
10 FIN SWE 14 LAT RUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus humilis N.I.Orlova; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 1964: 344 (1964)
subspecies :
subsp. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 433 (1879)
Name: Sumpf-Acker-Gänsedistel (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey; Mongolia; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I], Yukon [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ 33 GEO 34 TUR 37 MON 70 cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus arvensis f. glabrescens (Günther, Grab. & E.Wimm.) Kirp.
= Sonchus arvensis f. laevipes (W.D.J.Koch) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 243 (1922)
= Sonchus arvensis f. major (Neilr.) Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; 262 (1891)
= Sonchus arvensis f. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; 262 (1891)
= Sonchus arvensis var. glabrescens Günther, Grab. & E.Wimm.; 127 (1824)
= Sonchus arvensis var. integrifolius Bisch.; 228 (1851)
= Sonchus arvensis var. laevipes W.D.J.Koch; 498 (1844)
= Sonchus arvensis var. major Neilr.; 282 (1846)
= Sonchus arvensis var. minor Neilr.; 282 (1846), nom. inval.
= Sonchus arvensis var. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Asch.; 938 (1864)
= Sonchus arvensis var. uliginosus (M.Bieb.) Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 39(I): 388 (1866)
= Sonchus intermedius Krock.; 234 (1823)
= Sonchus maritimus var. angustifolius Bisch.; 225 (1851)
= Sonchus maritimus var. latifolius Bisch.; 225 (1851)
= Sonchus maritimus var. micranthos Gren.; 326 (1850)
= Sonchus uliginosus M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 2: 238 (1808)
species :
Sonchus asper (L.) Hill; Herb. Brit. 1: 47 (1769)
subspecies :
subsp. asper
Name: Rauhe Gänsedistel (DE); Spiny Sow-thistle (EN); Yerba espinosa (ES)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Sweden; Finland; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra [I]; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered mainland); Crete (scattered); S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl.); Senegal; Burkina Faso; Nigeria; Cameroon; W-Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Lesotho [I]; Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; St. Helena [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Qatar [I]; China [I] (Guangxi [I], Hubei [I], Jiangsu [I], Shandong [I], Sichuan [I], Xinjiang [I], Zhejiang [I]); Tibet [I]; North Korea; South Korea; Japan; Japan [I]; Taiwan [I]; India [I] (throughout); Bangladesh [I]; Vietnam [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; Tonga [I] (Tongatapu [I], Vava´u [I]); Society Isl. [I]; Easter Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (East Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Labrador [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I], Yukon [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Bermuda [I]; Mexico [I]; Revillagigedos Isl. [I] (Isla Socorro [I]); Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Antigua [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Martinique [I]; Barbados [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Desventuradas Isl. [I]; Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]; Falkland Isl. [I]; Gough Isl. [I]; Tristan da Cunha [I]
10 FIN GRB IRE SWE 11 CZE GER HUN LUX SLO SWI 12 ado BAL COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 22 BKN NGA SEN 23 CMN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 26 ang moz zam zim 27 bot les nam saf swz 28 sth 29 mau mdg reu rod 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI 35 qat 36 chi tib 38 JAP KOR NKO tai 40 ban ind 41 vie 42 nwg 50 aus lhi 51 auc ctm nzl 60 ton 61 eas sci 63 haw 70 ask cdn 71 cdn 72 cdn spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex rgi 80 cos nic pan 81 aba bah bbd ber gdl his jam mar pue 82 clm guy ven 83 bol ecu 84 bra 85 arg cle dsv jnf par uru 91 fal tdc
Synonyms: hidden
= Hieracium asperum (L.) Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf. 136 (1800)
= Hieracium sonchus E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 113 (1906)
= Sonchus asper f. adenotrichus Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 1 8(1-2): 173 (1973)
= Sonchus asper f. cruentus (Murr) Hegi; 1110 (1928)
= Sonchus asper f. glandulosus Hauman; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 86: 336 (1918)
= Sonchus asper f. inermis (Bisch.) Gierster; 131 (1911)
= Sonchus asper f. laevis (Wallr.) V.Kuusk; Fl. Estonskoi SSR 6: 455 (1978)
= Sonchus asper f. lignosus A.T.Szabó; Ind. Seen., Not. Bot. Cluj. 1970: 68 (1971)
= Sonchus asper var. cruentus Murr; 27 (1902)
= Sonchus asper var. decipiens De Not.
= Sonchus asper var. glanduliferus Garrett; Spring Fl. Wasatch: 119 (1917)
= Sonchus asper var. inermis Bisch.; 222 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus asper var. integrifolius Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 99 (1836)
= Sonchus asper var. laciniatus (Lej.) Lej.; Lej. & Courtois, 99 (1836), nom. inval.
= Sonchus asper var. laciniatus Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 99 (1836)
= Sonchus asper var. mitis Klett & Richt.; 647 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus asper var. pungens Bisch.; 222 (1851), nom. inval.
= Sonchus asper var. sabulosus P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 532 (114) (2006)
= Sonchus australis Colla; Herb. Pedem. 3: 531 (1834)
= Sonchus borderi Gand.; Fl. Lyon.: 140 (1875)
= Sonchus carolinianus Walter; Fl. Carol. 192 (1788)
= Sonchus crocifolius Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel. Phyt. Canar. 2: 449 (1850)
= Sonchus cuspidatus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 888 (1826)
= Sonchus decipiens Zenari; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. It., n. s. 31: 15 (1924)
= Sonchus eryngioides DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 185 (1838)
= Sonchus fallax var. asper Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 432 (1822)
= Sonchus fallax var. laevis Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 432 (1822)
= Sonchus fallax Wallr.; Ann. Bot. (Wallr.) 98 (1815)
= Sonchus ferox Wall.; Numer. List no. 3248 (1831), nomen
= Sonchus glaber Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 139 (1800)
= Sonchus infestus Poepp. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 185 (1838)
= Sonchus oleraceus subsp. asper (L.) Ehrh.; Hannover. Mag. 14: 230 (1780)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. asper L.; Sp. Pl. 794 (1753)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. asperrimus Desv.; 124 (1818)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. fallax (Wallr.) Rchb.; 172 (1817)
= Sonchus spinosus Lam.; Fl. Franc. (Lam.) 2: 86 (1779)
= Sonchus spinulosus Bigelow; Fl. Boston. ed. 2.: 292 (1824)
= Sonchus sulphureus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 796 (1875)
= Sonchus tibesticus Quézel; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 50: 31 (1959)
= Sonchus umbellatus E.Mey. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 185 (1838)
= Sonchus viridis Zenari; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s. 31: 14 (1924)
subspecies :
subsp. glaucescens (Jord.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc. London (Bot.) 16: 548 (1878)
Name: Blaugrüne Gänsedistel, Dornige Gänsedistel (DE); Bluish Sow-thistle (EN); Cerrajilla picona (ES)
Distribution: England; Switzerland; Austria; Slovakia; Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca); France; Monaco; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. all islands); Crete (widespread); S-European Russia; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Great Southwestern Desert, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); trop. Africa; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, La Palma Isl.); South Africa [I] (Free State [I], E-Cape Prov. [I]); Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghorat, Helmand, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan,Laghman, Wardak, Nangarhar, Parwan, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); United Arab Emirates; Yemen (W-Yemen); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Chitral, Swat, Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout, incl. Darjeeling, Jammu & Kashmir, Nubra, Ladakh); Sri Lanka
10 GRB 11 AUT SLO SWI 12 BAL COR FRA MCO POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PEL SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 RUS 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR SEL 27 saf 32 TKM 33 ARM NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU UAE YEM 40 BHU IND NEP PAK SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus asper subsp. nymanii (Tineo & Guss.) Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mittel-Eur. 6: 1110 (1928)
= Sonchus eryngiifolius Sosn. ex Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza 4: 254 (1934)
= Sonchus giganteus Shuttlew. ex Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 203 (1905)
= Sonchus glaucescens Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 5: 75, t. 5 (1847)
= Sonchus glaucescens subsp. giganteus Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 203 (1905)
= Sonchus glaucescens subsp. kralikii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 203 (1905)
= Sonchus graecus Reut. ex E.Weiss; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 19: 45 (1869)
= Sonchus kralikii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 203 (1905)
= Sonchus nymanii Tineo & Guss.; Guss., Fl. Sic. Syn. 2: 860 (1845)
species :
Sonchus berteroanus (DC.) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 175 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris berteroana (DC.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 32 (1835)
= Dendroseris pinnata var. insignis Johow; Anales Univ. Chile 116: 579 (1905)
= Phoenicoseris berteroana (Decne.) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez 2(6): 787 (1951)
= Rea berteroana Decne.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 1: 515 (1833)
= Rea pinnata var. insignis Bertero; Johow, Estud. H. Juan Fernandez 71 (1896)
species :
Sonchus bipontini Asch.; Schweinf., Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. 160 (1867) ex Oliv. & Hiern, Oliv. Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 458 (1877)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Malawi; Mozambique
23 RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus bequaertii De Wild.; Pl. Bequaert. 5: 461 (1932)
= Sonchus bipontini subsp. glanduligerus (R.E.Fr.) Robyns
= Sonchus bipontini var. glanduligerus R.E.Fr.; Fl. Sperm. Parc Nat. Alb. 2: 596 (1947)
= Sonchus bipontini var. louisii Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 17: 105 (1943)
= Sonchus lactucoides Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 467 (1848), nom. illg.
species :
Sonchus bornmuelleri Pit.; Iles Canaries (Pit. & Proust) 464 (1909)
Name: Bornmüllers Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon brillante (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus bourgeaui Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel. Phyt. Canar. 2: 446 (1850)
Name: Bourgeaus Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajilla moruna (ES)
Distribution: Morocco; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura)
20 MOR 21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Lactuca herbanica Burchard; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 373 (1926)
species :
Sonchus brachylobus Webb & Berthel.; Webb & Berthel. Phyt. Canar. 2: 438 (1850)
Name: Kurzlappige Gänsedistel (DE); Cerraja brillante (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus brachylobus f. spathulatus G.Kunkel; Vieraea 8(2): 352 (1978 publ. 1980)
= Sonchus brachylobus var. canariae (Pit.) Boul.
= Sonchus canariae f. angustissimus G.Kunkel; Vieraea 8(2): 353 (1978 publ. 1980)
= Sonchus canariae Pit.; Iles Canaries: 261 (1909)
species :
Sonchus brachyotus DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 186 (1838)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (?Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, ?Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, ?Zhejiang); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Pakistan (Kurram, Salt Range, N. W. Frontier Prov., Hazara, Murree, Dir, Chitral); India (Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh); Philippines (Luzon)
31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 IND PAK 42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus arenicola Vorosch.; Bull. Princ. Bot. Gard. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S., No. 60, 43 (1965)
= Sonchus arvensis f. brachyotus (DC.) Kirp.; Fl. U.R.S.S. 29: 253 (1964)
= Sonchus arvensis subsp. arenicola (Vorosch.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 199 (1985)
= Sonchus arvensis subsp. brachyotus (DC.) Kitam.; Mem. Coll. Sci. Kyoto Imp. Univ., Ser. B, Biol. 23(1): 148 (1956)
= Sonchus arvensis var. glaber Haines; Bot. Bihar Orissa: 498 (1922)
= Sonchus arvensis var. uliginosus (Trautv.) Matsum.; Index Pl. Jap. 2(2): 667 (1912)
= Sonchus brachyotus var. potaninii Tzvelev; Rast. Tsentral. Azii 14b: 77 (2009)
= Sonchus cavaleriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 451 (1910)
= Sonchus chinensis Fisch.; Cat. Jard. Pl. Gorenki ed. 2, 33, nomen (1812)
= Sonchus fauriei H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 102 (1909)
= Sonchus shzucinianus Turcz. ex Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 43: (1870) I. 189
= Sonchus taquetii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 141 (1910)
= Sonchus wightianus var. glaber (Haines) H.O.Saxena & Brahmam; Fl. Odisha 2: 958 (1995)
species :
Sonchus brassicifolius S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 175 (2012), nom. nov.
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris litoralis Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 204 (1922)
species :
Sonchus briquetianus Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 657 (1909)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. briquetianus (Gand.) Maire
species :
Sonchus bupleuroides (Font Quer) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)
Name: Lechugon de Sventenius (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Conservation Status: very rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Sventenia bupleuroides Font Quer; Collect. Bot., Barcelona 2: 201 (1949)
species :
Sonchus camporum (R.E.Fr.) Boulos ex C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 478 (1966)
Distribution: Kenya
25 KEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus schweinfurthii var. camporum R.E.Fr.; Acta Hort. Berg. 8: 100, t. 22 (1924)
species :
Sonchus canariensis (Webb) Boulos; Nytt Mag. Bot., Oslo 14: 14(1967)
subspecies :
subsp. canariensis
Name: Kanaren-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon arborea (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus pinnatus subsp. canariensis (Webb) Aldridge; Bot. Macaronesica 2: 91 (1976 publ.1977)
= Sonchus pinnatus var. canariensis Webb; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Sonchus pinnatus var. canariensis Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
subspecies :
subsp. orotavensis Boulos; Nytt. Mag. Bot. 14: 15 (1967)
Name: Orotava-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon arborea de la Orotava (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus capillaris Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 85 (1960)
Name: Haarfeine Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo fino (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus capillaris (Svent.) A.Hansen & Sunding; Sommerfeltia 17: 6 (1993)
= Sonchus leptocephalus subsp. capillaris (Svent.) Aldridge; Bot. Macaronesica 2: 91 (1976 publ. 1977)
= Taeckholmia capillaris (Svent.) Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 100 (1967)
species :
Sonchus congestus Willd.; Ges. Naturf. Fr. Berl. Mag. 1: 136 (1807)
Name: Baum-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon grande (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife, Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus abbreviatus Link; Buch, Beschr. Canar. Ins. 146 (1825)
= Sonchus altissimus Vahl ex Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Sonchus broussonetii Desf.; Tabl. École Bot., ed. 2: 101 (1815)
= Sonchus chuquitensis Meyen ex Walp.; Nov. Act. Nat. Cur. 19: Suppl. 1: 294 (1843)
= Sonchus frondosus Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 180 (1796)
= Sonchus fruticosus Jacq.; Collectanea 1: 13 (1786), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus jacquinii DC.; Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp.: 147 (1813)
= Sonchus macranthus Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 3: 289 (1813)
= Sonchus polyodon Webb & Berthel.; Phyt. Canar. 2: 431 (1846)
variant :
var. gibbosus (Svent.) G.Kunkel; Monogr. Biol. Canar., 3. 79 (1972)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus abbreviatus var. gibbosus Svent.
species :
Sonchus crassifolius Pourr. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1509 (1803)
Distribution: C- & E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus simplicissimus Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lag.] 24 (1816)
species :
Sonchus daltonii Webb; Hook. Niger Fl. 144. t. 15 (1849)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl.)
21 CVI
species :
Sonchus dregeanus DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 184 (1838)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Madagascar
26 ZIM 27 BOT LES SAF 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus ecklonianus DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 184 (1838)
species :
Sonchus erzincanicus Matthews; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 258 (1974)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Sonchus esperanzae N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 34: 66 (2004)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Lactucosonchus beltraniae (U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.) Bramwell; Bot. Macronés. 24: 181 (2003)
= Sonchus beltraniae (U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003), non U. & A. Reifenb. 1997
= Wildpretia beltraniae U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Vieraea 25: 204 (1996)
species :
Sonchus fauces-orci Knoche; Vagandi Mos, Reiseskizzen, Kanar. Ins. 244 (1923)
Name: Höllenschlund-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerraja de Adeje (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus fragilis Ball; J. Bot. 11: 372 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Sonchus friesii Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 456 (1967)
Distribution: Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 SAF
variant :
var. integer G.V.Pope; Fl. Zambes. 6(1): 223 (1992)
Distribution: Malawi; Zimbabwe
26 MLW ZIM
species :
Sonchus fruticosus L.f.; Suppl. 346 (1781)
Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.)
21 MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus laevigatus Willd.; Enum. Pl., Suppl.: 54 (1814)
= Sonchus libycus Spach ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 823 (1875)
= Sonchus lyratus Willd.; Enum. Pl., Suppl.: 53 (1814)
= Sonchus squarrosus DC.; Cat. Hort. Monsp. (1813) 147 nec Jacq.
species :
Sonchus gandogeri Pit.; Pit. & Proust, Hes Canar. Fl. 260 (1908), et ex Gand. in Bull. Soc. Bot. France 4: 658
Name: Gandogers Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon de El Golfo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Hierro)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus gigas Boulos ex Humbert; Fl. Madag., Fam. 189, 886 (1963)
Distribution: Senegal; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Madagascar
22 SEN 23 ZAI 24 ERI ETH SUD 26 MOZ ZAM ZIM 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus gigas subsp. medius Boulos ex Humb.
species :
Sonchus gomerensis Boulos; Nytt Mag. Bot., Oslo 14: I 1 (1967)
Name: La-Gomera-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon gomero (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus gonzalezpadronii Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 79 (1960)
species :
Sonchus grandifolius Kirk; J. Bot. 32: 184 (1894), et in Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 26: 266 (1893 publ. 1894)
Name: Chatham island sowthistle
Distribution: Chatham Isl.
51 CTM
Conservation Status: endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Embergeria grandifolia (Kirk) Boulos; H. Eichler, Suppl. J. M. Black, Fl. S. Austral., ed. 2, 332 (1965)
species :
Sonchus gummifer Link; Buch, Beschr. Canar. Ins. 146 (1828)
Name: Gummi-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerraja de Güimar (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus radicatus subsp. gummifer (Y.Ling) Aldridge; Bot. Macaronesica 2: 90 (1976 publ. 1977)
species :
Sonchus heterophyllus (Boulos) U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Feddes Repert. 107(5-6): 312 (1996)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Taeckholmia heterophylla Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 104 (1967)
species :
Sonchus hierrensis (Pit.) Boulos; Nytt Mag. Bot., Oslo 14: I 10 (1967)
Name: El-Hierro-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon herreno (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (El Hierro, Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus jacquinii var. hierrensis Pit.; Iles Canaries: 258 (1909)
variant :
var. benehoavensis Svent.
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus hotha C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 276 (1876)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
Synonyms: hidden
= Prenanthes hotha (C.B.Clarke) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 46: 207 (1877)
species :
Sonchus hydrophilus Boulos; H. Eichler, Suppl. J. M. Black, Fl. S. Austral., ed. 2, 331 (1965)
Distribution: Australia (S-Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, Queensland); New Zealand
50 AUS 51 NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus asper f. hydrophilus (Boulos) J.Kost.; Blumea, 23(1): 165 (1976)
species :
Sonchus integrifolius Harv.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 3: 528 (1865)
Distribution: Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus delagoensis Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 66: 252 (1921)
= Sonchus integrifolius f. lobatus R.E.Fr.
variant :
var. schlechteri R.E.Fr.; Acta Horti Berg. 8: 109 (1925)
Distribution: South Africa (Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
species :
Sonchus jacottetianus Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Nat. Ges. Zürich 71: 156 (1926)
Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
species :
Sonchus jainii Chandrab., V.Chandras. & N.C.Nair; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 81(1): 149 (1984)
Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
species :
Sonchus kirkii Hamlin; New Zealand J. Bot., 14(3): 279 (1976), nom. nov.
Distribution: New Zealand; Chatham Isl.
51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus asper var. littoralis (Kirk) Kirk; (1894)
= Sonchus littoralis (Kirk) Allan; Fl. New Zealand 1: 760 (1961)
= Sonchus littoralis (Kirk) Cockayne; Rep. Bot. Surv. Kapiti Isl. 21 (1907)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. littoralis Kirk
species :
Sonchus laceratus (Phil.) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 176 (2012)
Distribution: Desventuradas Isl.
85 DSV
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris lacerata (Phil.) Hemsl.; Rep. Voy. Challenger, Bot. 1(3): 99 (1885)
= Rea lacerata Phil.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 28: 499 (1870)
= Thamnoseris lacerata (Phil.) F.Phil.; Anales Univ. Chil. 191 (1875)
= Thamnoseris lacerata f. lobata (Johnst.) Skottsb.
= Thamnoseris lobata I.M.Johnst.; J. Arnold Arbor. 16: 445 (1935)
species :
Sonchus latifolius (Lowe) R.Jardim & M.Seq.; Silva Lusitana 19(2): 236 (2011)
Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.)
21 MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus ustulatus subsp. maderensis Aldridge; Bot. Macaronesica 2: 91 (1976 publ. 1977)
= Sonchus ustulatus var. latifolius Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4(1): 23 (1831)
species :
Sonchus leptocephalus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 43: 281 (1826)
Name: Dünnköpfige Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo alspispillo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus pinnatus (L.f.) Sweet; Hort. Brit., ed. 2: 277 (1830)
= Chondrilla pinnata (L.f.) Lam.; Encyc. 2: 79 (1786)
= Prenanthes pinnata L.f.; Suppl. 347 (1782)
= Taeckholmia pinnata (L.f.) Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 97, 99 (1967)
species :
Sonchus lidii Boulos; Nytt Mag. Bot., Oslo 14: 15 (1967)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (El Hierro)
21 CNY
Remarks: possibly a hybrid S. gandogeri x hierrensis
species :
Sonchus lobatiflorus S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 175 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris gigantea Johow; Fl. Juan Fernandez, 69 (1896)
= Hesperoseris gigantea (Johow) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 788 (1953)
species :
Sonchus luxurians (R.E.Fr.) C.Jeffrey; Kew Bull. 18: 480 (1966)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus bipontinii f. luxurians R.E.Fr.; Acta Hort. Berg. 8(6): 102(1925)
= Sonchus oliveri-hiernii Boulos; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 32: 106 (1962)
= Sonchus oliveri-hiernii var. luxurians (R.E.Fr.) Boulos; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux.32: 105 (1962)
species :
Sonchus macrocarpos Boulos & C.Jeffrey; Taxon 18: 349 (1969)
Distribution: Egypt (Nile Delta, NW-coastal Egypt)
20 EGY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus gigas Boulos; Bot. Not. 112: 365 (1959)
species :
Sonchus maculigerus H.Lindb.; Itin. Mediterr. (Act. Soc. Sci. Fenn. n. s. B 1: No. 2) 169 (1932)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Sonchus malayanus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 113 (1856)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus oreophilus Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 114 (1856)
species :
Sonchus marginatus (Bertero ex DC.) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 175 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris marginata (Bertero ex DC.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 32 (1835)
= Rea marginata Bertero ex DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 1: (1833) 518. t. 9
species :
Sonchus maritimus L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1192 (1759)
Name: Meer-Gänsedistel
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Albania; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert); Chad (Tibesti); Namibia [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Ghazni, Helmand, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Laghman, Logar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Samangan); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Dahana, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia); Pakistan (Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov.); Java [I]
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO ITA MNT PEL SIC SLV 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 24 CHA 27 nam saf 32 TZK 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR JOR SYR 35 SAU 40 PAK 42 jaw
Remarks: arvensis agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchidium maritimum (L.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 7 (1874)
= Sonchoseris maritima (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 102 (1869), nom. inval.
= Sonchus angustifolius Neck.; Delic. Gallo-Belg. 2: 326 (1768)
= Sonchus arvensis subsp. maritimus (L.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 1042 (1940), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus arvensis var. laevipes Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France Corse 2: 326 (1850)
= Sonchus arvensis var. maritimus (L.) Wahlenb.; Fl. Suecica 2: 483 (1826)
= Sonchus balthicus Fr. ex Link; Handbuch 1: 784 (1829), pro syn.
= Sonchus decorus Castagne; Cat. Pl. Marseille: 91 (1845)
= Sonchus hieracioides Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 240 (1865)
= Sonchus littoralis Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 274 (1831)
= Sonchus otaviensis Dinter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 30: 90 (1932)
= Sonchus pauciflorus Echeand. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 240 (1865), nom. inval.
= Sonchus vulgaris subsp. maritimus (L.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 206 (1905), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus vulgaris var. decorus (Castagne) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 9: 205 (1905)
species :
Sonchus masguindalii Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Iter Marocc., No. 732 [1928]. (1927)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus masguindalii Font Quer; Cavamillesia 1: 79 (1928), in adnot., nomen
species :
Sonchus mauritanicus Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Nov. 70 (1852)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus arvensis var. mauritanicus (Boiss. & Reut.) Batt.
species :
Sonchus megalocarpus (Hook.f.) J.M.Black; Fl. S. Austral. 661 (1929),J. M. Black in Trans. & Proc. S. Austral. 53: 263 (1929)
Distribution: Australia (S- & SW-Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania); Lord Howe Isl. [I]
50 AUS lhi
Synonyms: hidden
= Actites megalocarpa (Hook.f.) Lander; Telopea 1(2): 130 (1976)
= Embergeria megalocarpa (Hook.f.) Boulos; H. Eichler, Suppl. J. M. Black, Fl. S. Austral., ed. 2, 333 (1965)
= Sonchus asper var. littoralis J.M.Black; Naturalised Fl. S. Australia 104 (1909), nom. illeg. non Kirk (1895)
= Sonchus asper var. megalocarpus Hook.f.; Fl. Tasman. 1: 227 (1856)
species :
Sonchus melanolepis Fresen.; Mus. Senck. 3: 76 (1839)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea; Yemen (W-Yemen)
24 ERI ETH 35 YEM
species :
Sonchus micranthus (Bertero ex DC.) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 176 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris micrantha (Bertero ex DC.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 32 (1835)
= Rea longifolia Phil. ex Reiche; Fl. Chile 5: 3 (1910)
= Rea micrantha Bertero ex DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 1: 517 (1833)
= Rea mollis Bertero ex DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 1: 519 (1833)
species :
Sonchus microcarpus (Boulos) U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Feddes Repert. 107(5-6): 312 (1996)
Name: Kleinfrüchtige Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo de Tejina (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus microcarpus (Boulos) A.Hansen & Sunding; Sommerfeltia 17: 6 (1993)
= Taeckholmia microcarpa Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 102 (1967)
species :
Sonchus microcephalus Mejias; Lagascalia 16 1: 168 (1990)
Distribution: S-Spain; Israel (Rift Valley)
12 SPA 34 ISR
species :
Sonchus nanus Sond. ex Harv. & Sond.; Harv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 528 (1865)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 LES SAF SWZ
species :
Sonchus neriifolius (Decne.) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 176 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris neriifolia (Decne.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 32 (1835)
= Rea leucantha Bertero ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 243 (1838)
= Rea neriifolia Decne.; Arch. Bot. (Paris) 1: 517 (1833)
species :
Sonchus novae-zelandiae (Hook.f.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 528 (1873)
Distribution: New Zealand
51 NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Crepis novae-zelandiae Hook.f.; Handb. New Zeal. Fl. 164 (1864)
= Kirkianella novae-zelandiae (Hook.f.) Allan; Fl. New Zealand 1: 762 (1961)
= Kirkianella novae-zelandiae f. glauca Allan
= Kirkianella novae-zelandiae f. minor Allan
= Sonchus novae-zelandiae (Hook.f.) B.D.Jacks.; Index Kew. 2: 945 (1895), isonym
= Sonchus novae-zelandiae (Hook.f.) Garn.-Jones; New Zealand J. Bot. 52(2): 186 (2014), isonym
species :
Sonchus obtusilobus R.E.Fr.; Act. Hort. Berg. 8: 105 (1925)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Yemen (Aden Desert)
24 ETH 35 YEM
species :
Sonchus oleraceus L.; Sp. Pl. 794 (1753)
Name: Kohl-Gänsedistel (DE); Smooth Saw-thistle (EN); Algodoncillo (ES)
Distribution: England; Northern Ireland; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Monaco; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. all islands); Crete (incl. islets); S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt, SE-Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Sal Isl., Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Mauritania; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; São Tomé; N-Chad (Tibesti); Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Angola [I]; Zambia [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; Mozambique [I]; Namibia [I]; Botswana [I]; South Africa [I] (widespread); Lesotho [I]; Eswatini [Swaziland] [I]; St. Helena [I]; Madagascar [I]; Mozambique Channel Isl. [Iles Éparses] [I] (Ile Europa [I]); Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Rodrigues [I]; Agalega Isl. [I]; Siberia [I] (Altai [I], Buryatia [I], Chita [I], Irkutsk [I], Krasnoyarsk [I], W-Siberia [I], Yakutia [I]); Russian Far East [I] (Amur [I], Khabarovsk [I], Kuril Isl. [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan, Talysh); East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Kandahar, Kunar / Nuristan, Wardak, Nangarhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (C-Israel, coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Hejaz, Asir, Nejd Desert); Bahrain; Qatar [I]; United Arab Emirates; Yemen (Aden Desert, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); China [I] (Anhui [I], Fujian [I], Gansu [I], Guangxi [I], Guizhou [I], Hainan [I], Hebei [I], Henan [I], Hubei [I], Hunan [I], Jiangsu [I], Jiangxi [I], Liaoning [I], Ningxia [I], Qinghai [I], Shaanxi [I], Shandong [I], Shanxi [I], Sichuan [I], Xinjiang [I], Yunnan [I], Zhejiang [I]); Tibet [I]; Mongolia; North Korea [I]; South Korea [I]; Japan [I]; Bonin Isl. (Keetaajima, Nakohdojima, Chichijima, Minamijima, Nishinoshima); Volcano Isl. (Kita-Iwojima, Minami-Iwojima); Taiwan [I]; Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Baltistan, Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout, Jammu & Kashmir); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam [I]; South China Sea Isl. [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I] (alpine [I]); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Norfolk Isl. [I] (incl. Nepean Isl. [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Auckland Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Tonga [I] (Late Isl. [I], Tongatapu [I], ´Eua [I]); Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; N-Line Isl. [I] (Tabueran [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Mangaia [I], Aitutaki [I], Ngaputoru Group [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Eiao [I], Nuku Hiva [I], Ua Huka [I], Ua Pou [I], Hiva Oa [I], Tahuata [I], Mohotani [I], Fatu Hiva [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I], Bora Bora [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Rapa Iti [I], Raivavae [I], Rurutu [I], Tubuai [I]); Pitcairn Isl. [I]; Easter Isl. [I]; Marcus Isl. [Minami-Torishima] [I]; Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Majuro [I], Arno [I]); Wake Isl. [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kure Isl. [I], Midway Isl. [I], Pearl and Hermes Reef [I], French Frigate Shoals [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Kahoolawe Isl. [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); Alaska [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], N. W. T. [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arizona [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], District of Columbia [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Iowa [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maine [I], Maryland [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], Nebraska [I], Nevada [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], New York [I], North Dakota [I], Ohio [I], Oklahoma [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Virginia [I], Washington [I], West Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I] (widespread); Isla Guadalupe [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Turks & Caicos Isl. [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. John [I], St. Thomas [I], Tortola [I]); Anguilla [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; St. Barthélémy [I]; Saba [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenadines [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Isla Margarita [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Galapagos [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Uruguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]; Falkland Isl. [I]; Gough Isl. [I]; Tristan da Cunha [I]; South Georgia Isl. [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR SEL 22 BKN GUI IVO MLI MTN 23 BIO CMN SAO 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 26 ang moz zam zim 27 bot les nam saf swz 28 sth 29 aga mau mci mdg reu rod 30 sib 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 BAR qat SAU UAE YEM 36 chi tib 37 MON 38 jap kor KZN nko OGA tai 40 ban BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA THA vie 42 cki JAW mly nwg PHI scs xms 50 aus lhi nfk 51 auc ctm nzl 60 fij nue nwc ton van 61 aui coo eas lin mrq pit sci 62 gum mcu mic mrs wak 63 haw 70 ask cdn gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn spm 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 glp mex 80 blz cos els gua hon pan 81 aba agu bah bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue sab sba ste stl stm stv tci trt ven vir 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu gal per 84 bra 85 arg cle jnf par uru 91 fal sge tdc
Synonyms: hidden
= Carduus amplexicaulis Noronha; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 5(4): 11 (1790), nom. nud.
= Hieracium oleraceum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; 113 (1906), nom. inval.
= Hieracium oleraceum (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carniol. ed. II. 2: 110 (1771)
= Sonchus ciliatus Lam.; Fl. Franc. (Lam.) 2: 87 (1779)
= Sonchus ciliatus var. subbipinnatifidus Guss.; Enum. Pl. Inarim.: 196 (1854)
= Sonchus fabrae Sennen; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 1929 28: 114 (1930)
= Sonchus glaber Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 242 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Sonchus gracilis Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 87: 325 (1894)
= Sonchus gracilis Sennen; Sennen & Mauricio, Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.: 72 (1933), nom. inval.
= Sonchus lacerus Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1513 (1803)
= Sonchus laevis Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd. 4: t. 564 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Sonchus laevis Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphine 3: 158 (1788)
= Sonchus longifolius Trevir.; Index Sem. (Breslau) 6 (1818)
= Sonchus macrotus Fenzl; Flora 27: 312 (1844), nom. inval.
= Sonchus maritimus Moc. & Sessé; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 177 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus oleraceus f. gracilis (A.F.Schwarz) Vollm.; 776 (1914)
= Sonchus oleraceus f. integrifolius (Wallr.) Vollm.; 776 (1914), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus oleraceus f. lacerus (Willd.) Vollm.; 776 (1914)
= Sonchus oleraceus f. runcinatus Fiori; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 417 (1904)
= Sonchus oleraceus f. triangularis (Wallr.) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 243 (1922)
= Sonchus oleraceus subsp. angustissimus H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1: 169 (1932)
= Sonchus oleraceus subsp. integrifolius (Wallr.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 509 (1834)
= Sonchus oleraceus subsp. laevis Ehrh.; 230 (1780), nom. inval.
= Sonchus oleraceus subsp. triangularis (Wallr.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 509 (1834)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. angustifolius Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 419 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. gracilis A.F.Schwarz; 478 (1899)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. inermis Wibel; 151 (1799)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. integrifolius Boenn.; 231 (1824), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus oleraceus var. integrifolius Desv.; 124 (1818), nom. inval.
= Sonchus oleraceus var. integrifolius Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 419 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. integrifolius Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 1: 432 (1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. lacer Murr; 341, var. orthogr. (1924)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. laceratus Wender.; 267 (1846)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. lacerus (Willd.) Desv.; 124 (1818)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. lacerus (Willd.) Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 432 (1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. laciniatus Boenn.; 231 (1824)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. laciniatus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 419 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. laciniatus Lej.; 164 (1825), nom. inval.
= Sonchus oleraceus var. laevis L.; 794 (1753), nom. inval.
= Sonchus oleraceus var. latifolius Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 419 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. litoralis P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 532 (114) (2006)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. pinnatifidus Günther, Grab. & E.Wimm.; 127 (1824), nom. inval.
= Sonchus oleraceus var. runcinatus W.D.J.Koch; 433 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus oleraceus var. subrotundus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 419 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Sonchus oleraceus var. triangularis Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 432 (1822)
= Sonchus pallescens Pancic; Elench. Pl. Vasc.: 55 (1875)
= Sonchus parviflorus Lej. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 274 (1831)
= Sonchus plumieri Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mexic., ed. 2: 178 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus reversus E.Mey. ex DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 186 (1838)
= Sonchus rivularis Phil.; Linnaea 30: 194 (1859)
= Sonchus roseus Besser; Spreng. Syst. 3: 651 (1826)
= Sonchus royleanus DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 184 (1838)
= Sonchus runcinatus (Fiori) Zenari; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s. 31: 11 (1924), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus schimperi A.Braun & C.D.Bouché; Index Seminum hort. Berol. 1857(App.): 1 (1857)
= Sonchus schmidianus K.Koch; Index Seminum hort. Berol. 1853(App.): 12 (1853), nom. superfl.
= Sonchus spinulifolius Sennen; Sennen & Mauricio, Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.: 72 (1933), nom. inval.
= Sonchus subbipinnatifidus (Guss.) Zenari; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s. 31: 9 (1924)
= Sonchus sundaicus Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 15: 888 (1826)
= Sonchus tenerrimus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 371 (1866), nom. inval.
= Sonchus umbellifer Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 139 (1800)
= Sonchus zacinthoides DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 184 (1838)
species :
Sonchus ortunoi Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 81 (1960), et Nordic J. Bot. 31(6): 740 (2013)
Name: Ortunos Gänsedistel (DE); Cerraja de Ortuno (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gomera)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus palmensis (Sch.Bip.) Boulos; Nytt Mag. Bot., Oslo 14: 13 (1967)
Name: La-Palma-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon palmero (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus pinnatus subsp. palmensis (Sch.Bip.) Aldridge; Bot. Macaronesica 2: 91 (1976 publ. 1977)
= Sonchus pinnatus var. palmensis Webb; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
species :
Sonchus palustris L.; Sp. Pl. 793 (1753)
Name: Sumpf-Gänsedistel (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Bayern, +Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Italy; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; S-European Russia; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia (incl. Kaliningrad region); Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); China (Xinjiang); Canada [I] (Ontario [I])
10 DEN GRB NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN NET POL SLO 12 FRA SPA 13 BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SRB 14 BLR KRY MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 72 cdn
Synonyms: hidden
= Hieracium palustre (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 14: 111. (1906)
= Sonchidium palustre (L.) Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 7 (1874)
= Sonchoseris palustris (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, N. S. 17: 103 (1869), nom. inval.
= Sonchus maritimus Echeand. ex Loscos & J.Pardo; Ser. Inconf. Pl. Aragon.: 64 (1863), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus paludosus Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 836 (1846)
= Sonchus palustris f. melanotrichus Beger; 1104 (1928)
= Sonchus palustris f. xanthotrichus Beger; 1104 (1928)
= Sonchus palustris var. laevipes Bisch.; 232 (1851)
= Sonchus sagittatus Moench; Methodus 544 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Sonchus sespedalis Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 241 (1782), opus utique oppr.
species :
Sonchus parathalassius J.G.Costa ex R.Jardim & M.Seq.; Silva Lusitana 19(2): 234 (2011)
Distribution: Madeira
21 MDR
species :
Sonchus pendulus (Sch.Bip.) Sennikov; Compositae Newsl. 34: 56 (1999)
subspecies :
subsp. pendulus
Name: Hängender Hasenlattich (DE); Cerraja de risco (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysoprenanthes pendula (Sch.Bip.) Bramwell; Bot. Macaron., IV Ci. 24: 182 (2003)
= Prenanthes pendula (Webb) Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel. Phyt. Canar. 2: 421 (1850)
= Prenanthes pendula var. erecta G.Kunkel; Vieraea 8(2): 350 (1978 publ. 1980)
= Sonchus pendulus Webb ex Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
subspecies :
subsp. flaccidus (Svent.) N.Kilian & Greuter; Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003)
Name: Schlaffer Hasenlattich (DE); Cerraja colgante (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysoprenanthes pendula subsp. flaccida (Svent.) Bramwell; Bot. Macarones. 25: 163 (2004)
= Prenanthes pendula subsp. flaccida Svent.; Cabezón et al., Index Sem. Hort. Acclim. Pl. Arautapae 1968: 55 (1969)
species :
Sonchus phoeniciformis S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 176 (2012), nom. nov.
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris pinnata (Bertero ex DC.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 32 (1835)
= Phoenicoseris pinnata (Bertero ex DC.) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 787 (1953)
= Rea pinnata Bertero ex DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 1: 516 (1833)
species :
Sonchus pinnatifidus Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 4: 78 (1801)
Name: Fiederspaltige Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon de risco (ES)
Distribution: SW-Morocco; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura)
20 MOR 21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chondrilla cymosa Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 330 (1811)
= Chondrilla pinnatifida (Cav.) Poir.; Encyc. Suppl. 2: 330 (1812)
= Prenanthes cymosa (Poir.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 3: 657 (1826)
= Sonchus acidus Schousb. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. 3: 1511 (1803)
= Sonchus glaucus Willd.; Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 1: 135 (1807)
variant :
var. integrifolius G.Kunkel; Vieraea 8(2): 353 (1978 publ. 1980)
Distribution: Canary Isl.
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus pinnatus Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 3: 116 (1789)
Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl.)
21 MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus pinnatus f. banksianus Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Sonchus pinnatus f. candolleanus Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Sonchus pinnatus f. hornemannianus Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Sonchus pinnatus f. webbianus Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Sonchus pinnatus var. angustilobus Lowe
= Sonchus pinnatus var. latilobus Lowe
species :
Sonchus pitardii Boulos; Nytt Mag. Bot., Oslo 14: 17 (1967)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (El Hierro)
21 CNY
Remarks: possibly a hybrid S. gandogeri x hierrensis
species :
Sonchus platylepis Webb & Berthel.; Phyt. Canar. 2: 433 (1846)
Name: Breitschuppige Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajon plateado (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Babcockia platylepis (Webb & Berthel.) Boulos; Bull. Jard. Bot. Brux. 35: 64 (1965)
= Babcockia platylepis f. diffluens G.Kunkel; Vieraea 8(2): 346 (1978 publ. 1980)
= Babcockia platylepis var. remotilacinia G.Kunkel; Vieraea 8(2): 346 (1978 publ. 1980)
species :
Sonchus pruinatus (Johow) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 176 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris micrantha var. pruinata Johow; Estud. Fl. Juan Fernandez: 71 (1896)
= Dendroseris pruinata (Johow) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 207 (1922)
= Rea pruinata (Johow) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Ferndndez & Easter Island 2: 788 (1953)
species :
Sonchus pustulatus Willk.; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hisp. 2: 242 (1865)
Distribution: SE-Spain (near Almeria); Morocco; Algeria
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus tenerrimus subsp. pustulatus (Willk.) Batt.; Batt. & Trabut, Fl. Algérie (Dicot.): 555 (1889)
species :
Sonchus radicatus Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 3: 116 (1789)
Name: Bewurzelte Gänsedistel (DE); Angoja de risco (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus regis-jubae Pit.; Pit. & Proust, Iles Canar. Fl. 262 (1908)
Name: König-Jubas Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo copudo (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gomera, La Palma, Tenerife, Gran Canaria)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus regis-jubae (Pit.) A.Hansen & Sunding; Sommerfeltia 17: 6 (1993)
= Taeckholmia regis-jubae (Pit.) Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 104 (1967)
species :
Sonchus regius (Skottsb.) S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 176 (2012)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris regia Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 205 (1922)
= Phoenicoseris regia (Skottsb.) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 787 (1953)
species :
Sonchus saudensis Boulos; Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 1: 21 (1983)
Distribution: Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 YEM
species :
Sonchus schweinfurthii Oliv. & Hiern; Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 458 (1877)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
22 NGA 23 BIO BUR CAF CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
species :
Sonchus sinuatus S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 175 (2012), nom. nov.
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris macrantha (Bertero ex DC.) Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. Juan Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 202 (1922)
= Rea macrantha Bertero ex DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 1: (1833) 514. t. 9
species :
Sonchus sosnowskyi Schchian; Not. Syst. Geogr. Inst. Bot. Tphilis., Fasc. 15, 72 (1949)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus palustris subsp. sosnowskyi (Schchian) Boulos; Bot. Not. 125(4): 296 (1972)
species :
Sonchus splendens S.C.Kim & Mejías; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(3): 175 (2012), nom. nov.
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.
85 JNF
Synonyms: hidden
= Dendroseris macrophylla D.Don; Philos. Mag. Ann. Chem. 11: 11: 388 (1832)
species :
Sonchus stenophyllus R.E.Fr.; Act. Hort. Berg. 8: 106 (1925)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Sonchus suberosus Zohary & P.H.Davis; Kew Bull. 2: 87 (1947)
Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Prenanthes suberosa (Zohary & P.H.Davis) Boulos; Bot. Not. 115: 59 (1962)
species :
Sonchus sventenii U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Feddes Repert. 107(5-6): 312 (1996), nom. nov.
Name: Sventenius´ Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo gomero (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus canariensis (Boulos) A.Hansen & Sunding; Sommerfeltia 17: 6 (1993)
= Sonchus filifolius Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 83 (1960) ex N. Kilian & Greuter, Willdenowia 33: 229-238 (2003), nom. nov.
= Taeckholmia canariensis Boulos; Bot. Not. 120: 100 (1967) (non Sonchus canariensis (Sch. Bip.) Boulos 1967)
= Taeckholmia filifolia G.Kunkel; Cuad. Bot. Canar. 22: 28 (1974), nom. illeg.
species :
Sonchus tectifolius Svent.; Ind. Sem., Agron. Investig. Nat. Hs. Inst., 56 (1968 publ. 1969)
Name: Dachziegelblättrige Gänsedistel (DE); Angoja de Anaga (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus radicatus subsp. tectifolius (Svent.) Aldridge; Bot. Macaronesica 2: 90 (1976 publ. 1977)
species :
Sonchus tenerrimus L.; Sp. Pl. 794 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. tenerrimus
Name: Zarte Gänsedistel (DE); Slender Sow-thistle (EN); Cerraja menuda (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares (Ibiza & Formentera, Mallorca, Menorca); France; Monaco; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; +San Marino; Croatia; Greece (widespread in lowlands, incl. all islands); Crete (rare); Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro); Mauritania; Sudan; Eritrea; South Africa [I] (N-Cape Prov. [I]); St. Helena [I]; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Dodecanese, Chalki, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir); Qatar [I]; Pakistan (Baluchistan); USA [I] (California [I]); Mexico [I]; Revillagigedos Isl. [I] (Isla Socorro [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
11 ger SWI 12 BAL COR FRA GIB MCO POR SAR SPA 13 CRO GRC ITA KRI MLT PEL PTL SIC SMA 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR SEL 22 MTN 24 ERI SUD 27 saf 28 sth 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 qat SAU 40 PAK 76 usa 79 mex rgi 85 arg cle jnf
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus arborescens Salzm. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 549 (1878)
= Sonchus dianae var. grandiflorus (Willk.) Font Quer; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 20: 157 (1920)
= Sonchus italicus Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 3: 651 (1826)
= Sonchus oxyspermus Wallr.; Linnaea 14: 658 (1841)
= Sonchus pectinatus DC.; Mém. Agric. Econ. Soc. Agric. Seine 11: 10 (1808)
= Sonchus perennis (Lange) H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. (1932)
= Sonchus septenensis Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 78 (1907)
= Sonchus tener Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 179 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Sonchus tenerrimus subvar. pectinatus (DC.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Folia Bot. Misc. 6: 86 (1989)
= Sonchus tenerrimus subsp. perennis (Lange) H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 170 (1932)
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. arborescens Salzm. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 549 (1878)
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. heterophyllus Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 206 (1902)
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. maritimus Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 548 (1878)
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. perennis Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, ser. 2, 3: 1861 (1861)
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. zollikoferoides Svent. & Marcet; Marcet, 234 (1947)
= Sonchus tenuifolius Nutt.; Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., ser. 2, 7: 438 (1840)
= Sonchus zollikoferioides Rouy; Rev. Sci. Nat. (Montpellier), ser. 3, 1: 237 (1883)
subspecies :
subsp. amicus (Faure, Maire & Wilczek) Véla; Islands and Pl. 281 (2013)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. amicus Faure, Maire & Wilczek; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 217 (1935)
subspecies :
subsp. dianae (Lacaita ex Willk.) Malag.; Acta Phytotax. Barcin. 18: 9 (1976 publ. 1977)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus dianae Lacaita ex Willk.; Ill. Fl. Hispan. 2: 16 (1886)
= Sonchus tenerrimus subvar. dianae (Lacaita ex Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Folia Bot. Misc. 6: 86 (1989), without exact basionym date
= Sonchus tenerrimus subsp. dianae (Lacaita ex Willk.) Ballester, Figuerola, Peris & Stübing; Estud. Multidiscipl. Parque Nat. Montgo 206 (1991), isonym
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. dianae (Lacaita ex Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; J. Ros et al., Sist. Nat. Illes Medes: 153 (1984)
= Sonchus tenerrimus var. dianae (Lacaita ex Willk.) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 708 (2002), isonym
subspecies :
subsp. halodianae Mateo, P.P.Ferrer & R.Roselló; Fl. Montiberica 75: 26 (2019)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
subspecies :
subsp. polypodioides Mateo, P.P.Ferrer & R.Roselló; Fl. Montiberica 75: 24 (2019)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Sonchus transcaspicus Nevski; Acta Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S., Ser. I. Fasc. 4, 293 (1937)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Armenia
32 TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM
species :
Sonchus tuberifer Svent.; Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron., Madrid, No. 18, Cuad. No. 96, 13 (1948)
Name: Knollen-Gänsedistel (DE); Cerrajilla de Teno (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus tuberifer var. latisecta Svent.; Bol. Inst. Nac. Invest. Agron. 18: 288 (1948)
species :
Sonchus ustulatus Lowe; Trans. Cambess. Phil. Soc. 4: 22 (1831)
subspecies :
subsp. ustulatus
Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl.)
21 MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus dentatus Banks ex Lowe; Trans. Cambess. Phil. Soc. 4: 23 (1831)
= Sonchus hyoseridifolius Hornem.; Hort. Hafn. 2: 752 (1815)
subspecies :
subsp. imbricatus (Lowe) R.Jardim & M.Seq.; Silva Lusitana 19(2): 236 (2011)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Lanzarote)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus ustulatus var. imbricatus Lowe; Man. Fl. Madeira 1: 548 (1868)
species :
Sonchus webbii Sch.Bip.; Webb & Berthel. Phyt. Canar. 2: 444 (1848)
Name: Webbs Gänsedistel (DE); Lechuguilla de Webb (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl.)
21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Atalanthus webbii (Sch.Bip.) A.Hansen & Sunding; Sommerfeltia 17: 6 (1993)
= Lactucosonchus webbii (Sch.Bip.) Svent.; Ind. Sem., Agron. Investig. Nat. Hs. Inst., 53 (1968 publ. 1969)
= Wildpretia webbii (Sch.Bip.) U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Vieraea 25: 204 (1996)
species :
Sonchus wightianus DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 187 (1838)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; N-Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (throughout, incl. Jammu & Kashmir); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Mandalay, Sagaing); N-Thailand; Laos; N-Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Java
34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus lachnocephalus Rech.f.; K. Danske Vid. Selsk., Biol. Skrift. 8: No. 2 (Symb. Afgh. II.) 202 (1955)
= Sonchus lingianus C.Shih; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 29(6): 553-554, f. 1 (1991)
= Sonchus picris H.Lév. & Vaniot; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 451 (1910)
= Sonchus wallichianus DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 7: 185, et in Deless. Ic. Sel. 4: t. 97 (1838)
= Sonchus wightianus subsp. wallichianus (DC.) Boulos; Bot. Not. 125(4): 297 (1972)
species :
Sonchus wildpretii U. & A.Reifenb.; Willdenowia 22(1-2): 49 (1992)
Name: Wildprets Gänsedistel (DE); Balillo de Agando (ES)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Gomera)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus wilmsii R.E.Fr.; Act. Hort. Berg. 8: 107 (1925)
Distribution: Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
26 MOZ 27 SAF SWZ
species :
Sonchus ×aemulus Merino; Broteria, Ser. Bot. 14: 36 (1916)
Distribution: Ukraine (Galicia)
14 UKR
species :
Sonchus ×beltraniae U.Reifenb. & A.Reifenb.; Vieraea 25: 197 (1996)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (La Palma)
21 CNY
species :
Sonchus ×jaquiniocephalus Svent.; Ind. SEm., Agron. Investig. Nat. Hs. Inst., 55 (1968 publ. 1969)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Remarks: Atalanthus pinnatus x Sonchus congestus
species :
Sonchus ×maynari Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 77 (1960)
Distribution: Canary Isl. (Tenerife)
21 CNY
Remarks: Sonchus congestus x fauces-orci
species :
Sonchus ×novocastellanus Cirujano; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid, 40(1): 279 (1983), nom. nov.
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Sonchus crassifolius x maritimus
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus toletanus Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. Pl. Espagne & Maroc 1928-35, 282 (1936)
= Sonchus ×toletanus Cirujano; An. Jard. Bot. Madrid, 39(1): 169 (1982), homonym
species :
Sonchus ×prudhommei Bouchard; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 97: 220 (1951)
Distribution: Europe
Remarks: Sonchus arvensis x S. asper
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus ×decipiens (Svent.) A.Santos & Mejías; Nordic J. Bot. 31: 742 (2013), nom. illeg.
species :
Sonchus ×clujensis Nyár.; Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 10: 166, 720 (1965)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern, Niedersachsen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt); Slovakia; Uzbekistan; etc.
11 GER SLO 32 UZB
Remarks: Sonchus asper x oleraceus
Synonyms: hidden
= Sonchus ×rotundilobus Popov ex Kovalevsk.; Fl. . 6: 481 (1962), nom. inval.
= Sonchus ×rokosensis Sutorý; Cas. Morav. Muz., Vedy Prír., 75(1-2): 166 (1990)
species :
Sonchus ×rupicola (Svent.) A.Santos & Mejías; Nordic J. Bot. 31: 743 (2013)
Distribution: Canary Isl.
21 CNY
Remarks: S. bupleuroides x S. pendulus
Synonyms: hidden
= xPrenanthenia rupicola Svent.; Addit. Fl. Canar. 1: 89 (1960)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 24.10 (October 9th, 2024)

Covering 355,419 accepted species,
8,711 hybrids, 47,863 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,000,150 synonyms,
in total 1,412,143* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life