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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35445; hybrids: 684
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.9485 Genus Sphagneticola O.Hoffm.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 36 (1900)
Distribution: Tropical America, trop. Asia, Australia
Species listed in database: 4; hybrids: 1
= Thelechitonia Cuatrec.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 101: 242 (1954)
= Complaya Strother; Syst. Bot. Monogr. 33 (Taxon. Complaya, Elaphandra etc.): 10 (1991)
species :
Sphagneticola brachycarpa (Baker) Pruski; Novon 6: 411 (1996)
Distribution: Colombia (Arauca, Casanare); Venezuela (Amazonas, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Guarico, Monagas, Portuguesa); Guyana; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); S-Brazil (Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones, Santa Fe)
82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Aspilia callosa Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 720 (1903)
= Aspilia silphioides f. parvifolia Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 2: 391 (1902)
= Seruneum brachycarpum (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 365 (1891)
= Seruneum pilosum (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 365 (1891)
= Stemmodontia brachycarpa (Baker) Morong; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 147 (1893)
= Thelechitonia brachycarpa (Baker) H.Rob. & Cuatrec.; Phytologia 72(2): 142 (1992)
= Thelechitonia muricata Cuatrec.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 101: 242 (1954)
= Wedelia brachycarpa Baker; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(3): 181 (1884)
= Wedelia brasiliensis var. villosa (Baker) S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 332 (1931)
= Wedelia callosa (Chodat) B.L.Turner; Phytologia 72(5): 391 (1992)
= Wedelia paludosa var. villosa Baker; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(3): 181 (1884)
= Wedelia pilosa Baker; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 6(3): 181 (1882)
= Wedelia pilosa var. brachycarpa Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 177 (1915)
species :
Sphagneticola calendulacea (L.) Pruski; Novon 6(4): 411 (1996)
Distribution: Italy [I]; China (Liaoning, Guangdong, Fujian); South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; India (Assam, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Lakshadweep Isl. [Laccadives]; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Borneo; Philippines; Java
13 ita 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI 40 BAN IND LDV SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Complaya chinensis (Osbeck) Strother; Syst. Bot. Monogr. 33 (Taxon. Complaya, Elaphandra etc.): 14 (1991)
= Jaegeria calendulacea (L.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 500 (1826)
= Polymnia benghalensis Poir. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 377 (1841)
= Polymnia calendulacea (L.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 482 (1816)
= Seruneum calendulaceum (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 365 (1891)
= Solidago chinensis Osbeck; Dagb. Ostind. Resa 241 (1757)
= Thelechitonia chinensis (Osbeck) H.Rob. & Cuatrec.; Phytologia 72(2): 142 (1992)
= Verbesina calendulacea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 902 (1753)
= Wedelia bengalensis Rich.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 490 (1807)
= Wedelia calendulacea (L.) Less.; Syn. Gen. Compos. 222 (1832), nom. illeg.
= Wedelia chinensis (Osbeck) Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 12(2): 111 (1917)
= Wedelia linearis Zoll.; Flora 30: 534 (1847)
= Wedelia zollingeriana Sch.Bip. ex C.B.Clarke; Compos. Ind. 136 (1876)
species :
Sphagneticola gracilis (Rich.) Pruski; Novon 6(4): 412 (1996)
Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St. Martin/St. Maarten; St. Barthélémy; Antigua; Barbuda; Guadeloupe; Martinique; Barbados
81 ABA BBD CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR PUE SBA STM
Synonyms: hidden
= Complaya gracilis (Rich.) Strother; Syst. Bot. Monogr. 33 (Taxon. Complaya, Elaphandra etc.): 14 (1991)
= Polymnia gracilis (Rich.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 483 (1816)
= Seruneum gracile (Rich.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 365 (1891)
= Thelechitonia gracilis (Rich.) H.Rob. & Cuatrec.; Phytologia 72(2): 142 (1992)
= Verbesina gracilis (Rich.) M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 274 (1890)
= Wedelia gracilis f. luxurians O.E.Schulz ex Urb.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 26: 109 (1929)
= Wedelia gracilis Rich.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 490 (1807)
species :
Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 78 (Fl. St. John): 114 (17 Dec. 1996); et in Novon 6(4): 412 (27 Dec. 1996)
Name: Carpet Daisy, Graveyard Daisy, Jampana Playera, Spanish Vervein, Veven Kwayib, Wild Daisy, Wild Vervein, Zebafam (Trinidad & Tobago); Manzanilla, Manzanilla de playa, Manzanilla amarilla, Margarita del pasto, Romerillo
Distribution: Guinea [I]; Benin [I]; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Zimbabwe [I]; South Africa [I]; Seychelles [I]; China [I] (Guangdong [I]); Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [c] (Kerala [I]); Bangladesh [I]; Thailand [I]; South China Sea Isl. [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Singapore [I]; Borneo [I]; Philippines [I]; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (New South Wales [I], Queensland [I], Northern Territory [I], Western Australia [I]); Lord Howe Isl. [I]; Vanuatu [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; American Samoa [I] (Ta´u [I], Tutuila [I]); [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Nuku Hiva [I], Ua Huka [I], Ua Pou [I], Hiva Oa [I], Tahuata [I], Fatu Hiva [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Raiatea [I], Moorea [I], Tetiaroa Atoll [I], Tupai [I]); Austral Isl. [I] (Rapa Iti [I]); Guam [I]; Fed. States of Micronesia [I] (Yap [I], Pohnpei [I]); Marshall Isl. [I] (Kwajalein [I], Enewetok [I]); Hawaii [I] (Midway Isl. [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Isla del Coco; Panama; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. John [I], St. Thomas [I], Tortola [I]); Anguilla [I]; Saba [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Marie-Galante [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenadines [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago; Trinidad; San Andres y Providencia (San Andres, Providencia y Santa Catalina); Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Atlántico, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Guainía, Magdalena, Nariño, Quindío, Valle); Isla Margarita [I]; Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolívar, Lara, Merida, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Pando, Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Amapa, Amazonas, Acre); NE-Brazil (Ceara, Bahia); SE-Brazil (São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)
22 ben gui 23 bio 26 zim 27 saf 29 sey 36 chi 38 tai 40 ban ind nep 41 tha 42 bor mly nwg phi scs sng xms 50 aus lhi 60 asa rot sam van 61 aui coo mrq sci 62 gum mic mrs 63 haw 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COC COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 aba agu bah bbd cub dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue sab stk stl stv TRT ven vir 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acmella brasiliensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 592 (1826)
= Acmella spilanthoides Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 24: 329 (1822)
= Buphthalmum heterophyllum Willd. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 484 (1836)
= Buphthalmum procumbens Desf. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 127 (1821)
= Buphthalmum repens Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 515 (1783)
= Buphthalmum strigosum Spreng.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. [Sprengel] 2: 140 (1821)
= Complaya trilobata (L.) Strother; Syst. Bot. Monogr. 33 (Taxon. Complaya, Elaphandra etc.): 14 (1991)
= Polymnia crenata Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 482 (1816)
= Seruneum paludosum (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 365 (1891)
= Seruneum trilobatum (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 361 (1891)
= Silphium trilobatum L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 1232 (1759)
= Sphagneticola ulei O.Hoffm.; Notizbl. Königl. Bot. Gart. Berlin 3: 36 (1900)
= Stemmodontia carnosa (Rich.) O.F.Cook & G.N.Collins; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 8: 244 (1903)
= Stemmodontia trilobata (L.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1262 (1903)
= Thelechitonia trilobata (L.) H.Rob. & Cuatrec.; Phytologia 72(2): 142 (1992)
= Verbesina carnosa (Pers.) M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 274 (1890)
= Verbesina carnosa var. triloba (Rich. ex Pers.) M.Gómez; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 19: 274 (1890)
= Verbesina tridentata Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 577 (1826)
= Wedelia brasiliensis (Spreng.) S.F.Blake; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26: 250 (1930)
= Wedelia carnosa Rich.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 490 (1807)
= Wedelia crenata Rich.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 490 (1807)
= Wedelia paludicola Poepp.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. [Poeppig & Endlicher] 3: 50 (1843)
= Wedelia paludosa DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 538 (1836)
= Wedelia paludosa var. latifolia DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 538 (1836)
= Wedelia paludosa var. vialis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 538 (1836)
= Wedelia pedunculata Mart. ex Colla; Herb. Pedem. 3: 428 (1834)
= Wedelia tannensis Endl.; Ann. Wiener Mus. Naturgesch. 1: 168, No. 989 (1836)
= Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.; Rep. (Annual) Missouri Bot. Gard. 4: 99 (1893)
= Wedelia trilobata var. hirtella O.E.Schulz; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 7: 558 (1913)
= Wedelia trilobata var. pilosissima S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 21: 332 (1931)
species :
Sphagneticola ×guangdongensis Q.Yuan; Phytotaxa 221(1): 71 (2015)
Distribution: China (Guangdong)
36 CHI
Remarks: Sphagneticola calendulacea x S. trilobata
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life