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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35251; hybrids: 678
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.9594 Genus Spilanthes Jacq.; Enum. Syst. Pl. 8 (1760)
Distribution: (s. str.) trop. America (4), trop. Africa (1); trop. Asia (1-3)
Species listed in database: 7
= Athronia Neck.; Elem. Bot. [Necker] 1: 32 (1790), nom. inval.
= Ceratocephalus Burm. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891), nom. superfl.
= Colobogyne Gagnep.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 4: 15 (1920)
species :
Spilanthes anactina F.Muell.; Fragm. [Mueller] 5: 63 (1865)
Distribution: Sri Lanka; peninsular Malaysia (once from Jason´s Bay, Johor); Sumatra; Borneo; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Australia [I] (Queensland [I])
40 SRL 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY SUM 50 aus
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceratocephalus anactinus (F.Muell.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
= Spilanthes chamaecaula A.H.Moore; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 42: 528 (1907)
species :
Spilanthes costata Benth.; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 436 (1849)
Distribution: Egypt; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Ethiopia; Tanzania
20 EGY 22 GHA IVO 23 BUR CAF CON RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 TAN
species :
Spilanthes langbianensis (Gagnep.) Stuessy; Rhodora 79(817): 128 (1977)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Colobogyne langbianensis Gagnep.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 4: 15 (1920)
species :
Spilanthes leiocarpa DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 626 (1836)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Chile (Arica y Parinacota)
83 ECU PER 85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Ceratocephalus leiocarpus (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891) nom. illeg.
= Spilanthes macraei Hook. & Arn.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 317 (1841)
= Spilanthes urens var. hispidula DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 625 (1836)
species :
Spilanthes nervosa Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 3: 724 (1903)
Distribution: Colombia (Casanare, Guaviare, Meta, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Barinas); Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Brazília Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais); Paraguay (Amambay, Canindeyu, Concepcion, San Pedro)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Spilanthes barinensis Aristeg.; Fl. Venez. 10: 613 (1964)
= Spilanthes urens f. ciliatifolia Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 278 (1916)
= Spilanthes urens f. lanea A.H.Moore; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 42: 529 (1907)
= Spilanthes urens var. nervosa (Chodat) Hassl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 279 (1916)
species :
Spilanthes paraguayensis R.K.Jansen; Syst. Bot. 6(3): 250 (1981), nom. nov.
Distribution: Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Pres. Hayes)
85 PAR
species :
Spilanthes urens Jacq.; Enum. Syst. Pl. 28, Select. Stirp. Am. 214, t. 1211, f. 1 (1760)
Name: Sensitiva silvestre (Cuba), Pigeon coop (Jamaica), Bouton blanc (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa); Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Cayman Isl.; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Martinique; Trinidad; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, La Guajira, Magdalena, San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, Sucre, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Miranda, Sucre, Yaracuy, Zulia); N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul)
79 MEX 80 COS PAN 81 CAY CUB CUR HIS JAM MAR TRT 82 CLM SWC VEN 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bidens angustifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 416 (1783)
= Ceratocephalus bicolor (Benth. & Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
= Ceratocephalus commutatus (K.Koch) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
= Ceratocephalus urens (Jacq.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 326 (1891)
= Cotula spilanthus L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 116 (1767)
= Spilanthes bicolor Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 2: 192 (1881)
= Spilanthes commutata K.Koch; Index Sem. (Berlin) (1855) App. 14
= Spilanthes palustris M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 12: 45 (1908)
= Spilanthes repens K.Koch; Index Sem. (Berlin) 1855: 14 (1855)
= Spilanthes repens Spreng. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 625 (1836)
= Spilanthes urens var. megalophylla S.F.Blake; Contr. Gray Herb. 53: 53 (1918)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.07 (July 5th, 2025)

Covering 356,783 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,637 synonyms,
in total 1,417,272* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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