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065.0000 Family Cupressaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 222 (1822), nom. cons.
ca. 30 genera, ca. 160 spp. Phylogeny see Yang et al. (2012)
Species listed in database: 146; hybrids: 11
= Actinostrobaceae Lotsy; Vortr. Bot. Stammesgesch. 3: 98 (1911)
= Arceuthidaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 79 (2006)
= Athrotaxidoideae L.Chu Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 30(4): 339 (1992)
= Athrotaxidaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xix (2001)
= Cryptomeriaceae Gorozh.; Lekts. Morf. Sist. Archegon. 88 (1904)
= Cunninghamiaceae Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 1, 3 (1842)
= Diselmaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 96 (2006)
= Fitzroyaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 80 (2006)
= Fitzroyaceae C.N.Page; Evol. Arbor. Gymnosperms 2: 41 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Juniperaceae J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 142 (1822)
= Libocedraceae Doweld; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 33: 42 (2001)
= Limnopityaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 25 (1932)
= Metasequoiaceae S.Miki ex Hu & W.C.Cheng; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., Bot., n. s. 2, 1: 154 (1948)
= Microbiotaceae Nakai; Tyosen Sanrin Kaiho 165: 13 (1938)
= Neocallitropsidaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xx (2001)
= Pilgerodendraceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 87 (2006)
= Platycladaceae A.V.Bobrov & Melikyan; Komarovia 4: 97 (2006)
= Sequoiaceae K.Koch ex Luerss.; Grundz. Bot. [Luerssen] 265 (1877)
= Sequoiaceae (Saxton) C.N.Page; Evol. Arbor. Gymnosperms 2: 100 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Taiwaniaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 26 (1932)
= Taxodiaceae Saporta; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 5, 4: 44 (1865), nom. cons.
= Tetraclinaceae Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46: 27 (1932)
= Thujaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 502, 1149 (1835)
= Thujopsidaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 7: 325 (1907)
= Widdringtoniaceae Doweld; Prosyllabus Tracheophytorum xx (2001)
065.6002 Genus Thuja L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1002 (1753)
Distribution: North America, E-Asia. Systematics and species list taken from Farjon (2017)
Species listed in database: 5
= Retinispora Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 36. tt. 121-123 (1842)
= Chamaecyparis Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 11: 329 (1842)
= Chamaepeuce Zucc.; Enchir. Bot. [Endlicher] 139 (1841)
= Thujopsis Siebold & Zucc.; Fl. Jap. [Siebold] 2: 32. tt. 119, 120 (1844)
= Retinospora Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 132 (1855)
species :
Thuja koraiensis Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 196 (1919)
Name: Korean arborvitae
Distribution: China (S-Jilin); North Korea; South Korea
36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Cupressus kongoensis Dallim.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 37 (1932), syn.
= Cupressus koraiensis Dallim.; Conif. Cult. Rep. (R.H.S.) 37 (1932), syn.
= Thuja kongoensis Doi ex Nakai; Rep. Veg. Diamond Mountains 163 (1918), nomen
species :
Thuja occidentalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1002 (1753)
Name: Northern white-cedar, Arborvitae (EN), Abendländischer Lebensbaum, Amerikanischer Lebensbaum (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Italy [I]; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; Estonia [I]; Belarus [I]; European Russia [I]; Mauritius [I]; Siberia [I] (W-Siberia [I]); Russian Far East [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; China [I]; South Korea [c]; Taiwan [I]; Myanmar [I]; Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Colombia [I]
11 ger hun slo 13 cro ita kos slv SRB 14 blr est rus 29 mau 30 sib 31 rfe 32 uzb 36 chi 38 kor tai 41 mya 71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA 82 clm
Synonyms: hidden
= Biota ericoides Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 141 (1867)
= Biota meldensis Laws. ex Gordon; Pinetum 37 (1858)
= Cupressus arbor-vitae Targ.-Tozz.; Observ. Bot. Dec. 3-5: 71
= Cupressus nobleana Lavallée; Icon. Sel. Arb. 282 (1877)
= Juniperus ericoides Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 495 (1881)
= Retinispora devriesiana Mast.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 495 (1881)
= Retinispora dubia Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 141 (1867)
= Retinispora ellwangeriana Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 41: 349 (1869)
= Retinispora glaucescens Hochst. ex Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 35 (1891)
= Retinispora keteleeri Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 95 (1891)
= Retinispora meldensis Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 103 (1867)
= Retinispora nobleana Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 94 (1891)
= Retinispora pygmaea Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 97 (1891)
= Retinispora troubetzkoyana Hort.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 7: 108 (1890), et ex Beissn. Handb. Nadelholzk. (1891) 95 (Retinospora)
= Thuja acuta Moench; Methodus [Moench] 692 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Thuja bodmeri Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 42 (1891)
= Thuja canadensis K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 175 (1873)
= Thuja caucasica Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 103 (1862)
= Thuja compacta Standish ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 103 (1862)
= Thuja cristata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 111 (1867)
= Thuja devriesiana Hort.Germ. ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 141 (1867)
= Thuja ellwangeriana Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 41: 350 (1869)
= Thuja ericoides Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 91 (1862)
= Thuja globosa Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 43 (1891)
= Thuja hoveyi Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 405 (1862)
= Thuja japonica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 94 (1855)
= Thuja minor Hort.Angl. ex Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 110 (1867)
= Thuja occidentalis var. alba Maxwell ex Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 431 (1875)
= Thuja occidentalis var. angustifolia Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 468 (1879)
= Thuja occidentalis var. aurea J.Nelson; Pinaceae [Nelson] 68 (1866)
= Thuja occidentalis var. aureovariegata Henkel & W.Hochst.; Syn. Nadelhölz. 279 (1865)
= Thuja occidentalis var. buchananii Späth; Preiss-Verzeichn. Pflanzen 89: 51 (1891)
= Thuja occidentalis var. compacta Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 104 (1855)
= Thuja occidentalis var. cristata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 111 (1867)
= Thuja occidentalis var. douglasii-pyramidalis Späth; Preiss-Verzeichn. Pflanzen 89: 51 (1891)
= Thuja occidentalis var. elwangeri Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 468 (1879)
= Thuja occidentalis var. ericoides Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 468 (1879)
= Thuja occidentalis var. fastigiata H.Jaeger; Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. 537 (1865)
= Thuja occidentalis var. filiformis Beissn.; Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 10: 81 (1901)
= Thuja occidentalis var. globosa Gordon; Pinetum, ed. 2: 405 (1875)
= Thuja occidentalis var. hoveyi Hoopes; Book Evergr. 322 (1868)
= Thuja occidentalis var. lutea A.H.Kent; Man. Conif. 262 (1881)
= Thuja occidentalis var. magnifica Beissn.; Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. ed. 2: 500 (1884)
= Thuja occidentalis var. pendula Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 103 (1862)
= Thuja occidentalis var. plicata (Donn ex D.Don) Loudon ex Hoopes; Book Evergr. 321 (1868)
= Thuja occidentalis var. plicata Mast.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 21: 258 (1897)
= Thuja occidentalis var. robusta Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif. 104 (1855)
= Thuja occidentalis var. rosenthalii Beissn.; Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. ed. 2: 500 (1884)
= Thuja occidentalis var. sempervirens Rehder; Cult. Evergreens [Bailey] 223 (1923)
= Thuja occidentalis var. squarrosa C.K.Schneid.; Uns. Freil.-Nadelhölzer 281 (1913)
= Thuja occidentalis var. umbraculifera Beissn.; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 6: 179 (1891)
= Thuja occidentalis var. variegata Weston; Bot. Univ. 1: 294 (1770)
= Thuja occidentalis var. variegata-aurea Carrière; Man. Gén. Pl. [Jacques & Hérincq] 4: 323 (1857)
= Thuja occidentalis var. vervaeneana Jacob-Makoy; Nursery Cat. (L. Jacob-Makoy & Co.) 112: !4 (1868)
= Thuja occidentalis var. wareana Jess.; Deut. Excurs.-Fl. 468 (1879)
= Thuja occidentalis var. woodwardii Späth; Preiss-Verzeichn. Pflanzen 89: 51 (1891)
= Thuja odorata Marshall; Arbust. Amer. 152 (1785)
= Thuja procera Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 398 (1796)
= Thuja recurva Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 42 (1891)
= Thuja recurvata Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 42 (1891)
= Thuja sibirica Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 104 (1862)
= Thuja tatarica Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 104 (1862)
= Thuja variegata Marshall; Arbust. Amer. 152 (1785)
= Thuja vervaeneana Van Geert ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 103 (1862)
= Thuja wareana Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 1: 104 (1855)
= Thyia occidentalis ´L.´ ex Asch. & Schweinf.; Ill. Fl. Égypte 179 (1887)
species :
Thuja plicata Donn ex D.Don; Descr. Pinus [Lambert] 2: 19 (1824)
Name: Western redcedar (EN), Riesen-Lebensbaum (DE)
Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Germany [c]; Austria [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Channel Isl. [c] (Alderney [c]); Italy [I]; Serbia; Kosovo [c]; Estonia [I]; Uzbekistan [I]; China [I]; Taiwan [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)
10 den grb ire nor 11 aut ger hun slo 12 cis 13 ita kos SRB 14 est 32 uzb 36 chi 38 tai 41 and 70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Libocedrus craigiana Low ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 102 (1862)
= Libocedrus gigantea (Nutt.) Low ex Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 102 (1862)
= Thuja asplenifolia Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 106 (1867)
= Thuja californica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 106 (1867)
= Thuja californica K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(2): 177 (1873)
= Thuja douglasii Nutt. ex Parl.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(2,2): 457 (1868)
= Thuja flabellata Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 42 (1891)
= Thuja flagelliformis Gordon; Pinetum 325 (1858)
= Thuja gigantea Nutt.; J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 7: 52 (1834)
= Thuja lobbiana Gordon; Pinetum 323 (1858)
= Thuja lobbii Gordon; Pinetum 323 (1858)
= Thuja lycopodioides Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 44 (1891)
= Thuja menziesii Douglas ex Endl.; Syn. Conif. 52 (1847)
= Thuja menziesii var. fastigiata Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., éd. 2: 197 (1867)
= Thuja plicata D.Don; Hort. Cantabrig., ed. 6: 249 (1824), nom. inval.
= Thuja plicata var. penduliformis Sudw.; Bull. Div. Forest. U.S.D.A. 14: 73 (1897)
= Thuja plicatilis Beissn.; Handb. Nadelholzk. 44 (1891)
= Thuja sibirica Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 106 (1867)
= Thuja wareana Lodd. ex Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 4: 2654 (1838)
= Thuja wareana var. aurea Pynaert; Nursery Cat. (Éd. Pynaert - Van Geert) 1886: 15 (1886)
= Thuja wareana var. lutea Van Geert; Nursery Cat. (Auguste Van Geert) 76: 27 (1878)
species :
Thuja standishii (Gordon) Carrière; Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 108 (1867)
Name: Japanese arborvitae
Distribution: China [I]; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku); India [I]
36 chi 38 JAP 40 ind
Synonyms: hidden
= Thuja japonica Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 10: 490 (1866)
= Thujopsis standishi Gordon; Pinetum, Suppl. 100 (1862)
species :
Thuja sutchuenensis Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 262 (1899)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Sichuan, +Hubei)
36 CHI
Conservation Status: IUCN E
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life