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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35280; hybrids: 678
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.8233 Genus Thymophylla Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 25 (1816)
Distribution: S-USA (8), Mexico, West Indies
Species listed in database: 13
= Aciphyllaea A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4(1): 91 (1849)
= Belenidium Arn. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 292 (1838), pro syn.
= Gnaphalopsis DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 258 (1838)
= Hymenatherum Cass.; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1817: 12 (1817)
= Lowellia A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4(1): 89 (1849)
species :
Thymophylla acerosa (DC.) Strother; Sida 11(4): 376 (1986)
Name: Pricklyleaf dogweed
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Aciphyllaea acerosa (DC.) A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: (Pl. Fendl.) 91 (1849)
= Dyssodia acerosa DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 641 (1836)
= Dyssodia fusca A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 47: 436 (1909)
= Hymenatherum acerosum (DC.) A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 115 (1852)
species :
Thymophylla aurantiaca (Brandegee) Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 175 (1915)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca, Puebla)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia aurantiaca (Brandegee) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Hymenatherum aurantiacum Brandegee; Zoe 5: 258 (1908)
species :
Thymophylla aurea (A.Gray) Greene; Ill. Fl. N. U.S. [Britton & Brown] 3: 453 (1898)
Name: Manyawn pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas)
73 USA 74 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia aurea (A.Gray) A.Nelson; New Man. Bot. Centr. Rocky Mt. 563 (1909)
= Hymenatherum aureum (A.Gray) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 42 (1883)
= Lowellia aurea A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 91 (1849)
variant :
var. polychaeta (A.Gray) Strother; Sida 11(4): 376 (1986)
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia aurea var. polychaeta (A.Gray) M.C.Johnst.; Field & Lab. 24: 64 (1956)
= Dyssodia polychaeta (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 508 (1913)
= Hymenatherum polychaetum A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 116 (1852)
= Thymophylla polychaeta (A.Gray) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1295 (1903)
species :
Thymophylla concinna (A.Gray) Strother; Sida 11(4): 376 (1986)
Name: Sonoran pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (Arizona); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Sonora)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Boeberastrum concinnum (A.Gray) Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 162 (1915)
= Dyssodia concinna (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Hymenatherum concinnum A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 446, 453 (1884)
species :
Thymophylla gentryi (M.Johnst.) Strother; Sida 11(4): 376 (1986)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia gentryi M.C.Johnst.; Southw. Naturalist 3: 219 (1959)
species :
Thymophylla gypsophila (B.L.Turner) Strother; Sida 11(4): 377 (1986)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia gypsophila B.L.Turner; Madroño 21(6): 421 (1972)
species :
Thymophylla micropoides (DC.) Strother; Sida 11(4): 377 (1986)
Name: Woolly pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Bahia depressa M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 17: 31 (1930)
= Dyssodia micropoides (DC.) Loes.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 866 (1906)
= Gnaphalopsis micropoides DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 258 (1838)
= Hymenatherum gnaphalodes A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 90 (1849)
= Hymenatherum micropoides (DC.) A.Heller; Cat. N. Amer. Pl. 8 (1898)
= Thymophylla gnaphaloides (A.Gray) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1295, 1341 (1903)
species :
Thymophylla mutica (M.Johnst.) Strother; Sida 11(4): 377 (1986)
Distribution: Mexico (San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia mutica M.C.Johnst.; Southw. Naturalist 5: 225 (1960)
species :
Thymophylla pentachaeta (DC.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1295 (1903)
Name: Fiveneedle pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, South Carolina, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia pentachaeta (DC.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Dyssodia wootonii S.F.Blake; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 650 (1924)
= Hymenatherum berlandieri DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 642 (1836)
= Hymenatherum pentachaetum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 642 (1836)
= Tagetes aristata Klatt; Leopoldina 25: 109 (1889)
= Thymophylla canescens Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 178 (1915)
= Thymophylla myriophylla Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 176 (1915)
= Thymophylla pringlei Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 177 (1915)
= Thymophylla villosula Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 177 (1915)
variant :
var. belenidium (DC.) Strother; Sida 11(4): 377 (1986)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Durango, Coahuila, etc.); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Cordoba, La Pampa, La Rioja, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero, San Juan, San Luis)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Belenidium candolleanum Arn. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 292 (1838), pro syn.
= Dyssodia belenidium (DC.) Macloskie; Rep. Princeton Univ. Exped. Patagonia, Botany 8: 828 (1906)
= Dyssodia cupulata A.Nelson; Bot. Gaz. 47: 435 (1909)
= Dyssodia gracilis (Rydb.) Cory; Rhodora 38: 408 (1936)
= Dyssodia pentachaeta var. belenidium (DC.) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 68 (1969)
= Dyssodia thurberi (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 508 (1913)
= Hymenatherum belenidium DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 292 (1838)
= Hymenatherum candolleanum Hook. & Arn.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 320 (1841)
= Hymenatherum thurberi A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 41 (1883)
= Tagetes belenidium (DC.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 181 (1898)
= Thymophylla belenidium (DC.) Cabrera; Revista Mus. La Plata, Secc. Bot. 4: 258 (1941)
= Thymophylla gracilis Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 176 (1915)
= Thymophylla thurberi (A.Gray) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 191 (1913)
variant :
var. hartwegii (A.Gray) Strother; Sida 11(4): 377 (1986)
Name: Hartweg´s pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Queretaro)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia berlandieri S.F.Blake; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 23: 1609 (1926)
= Dyssodia hartwegii (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Dyssodia pentachaeta subsp. hartwegii (A.Gray) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 72 (1969)
= Dyssodia pentachaeta var. hartwegii (A.Gray) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 47: 72 (1969)
= Hymenatherum berlandieri Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Bentham] 18 (1845)
= Hymenatherum hartwegii A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 116, 117 (1852)
= Thymophylla berlandieri Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 177 (1915)
= Thymophylla hartwegii (A.Gray) Wooton & Standl.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 19 1 (1913)
variant :
var. puberula (Rydb.) Strother; Sida 11(4): 377 (1986)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Queretaro, Hidalgo, México State)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia pentachaeta var. puberula (Rydb.) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 71 (1969)
= Dyssodia puberula (Rydb.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17: 284 (1937)
= Thymophylla puberula Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 177 (1915)
species :
Thymophylla setifolia Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl. [Lagasca] 25 (1816)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia setifolia (Lag.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 508 (1913)
= Hymenatherum setifolium (Lag.) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 42 (1883)
variant :
var. radiata (A.Gray) Strother; Sida 11(4): 378 (1986)
Name: Texas pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia greggii (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Dyssodia setifolia var. greggii (A.Gray) M.C.Johnst.; Field & Lab. 24: 67 (1956)
= Dyssodia setifolia var. radiata (A.Gray) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 66 (1969)
= Hymenatherum greggii (A.Gray) A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 42 (1883)
= Hymenatherum setifolium var. radiatum Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 4: 279 (1912)
= Thymophylla greggii A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4(1): 92, adnote (1849)
= Thymophylla greggii var. radiata A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) [Pl. Wright. 1]: 119 (1852)
= Thymophylla setifolia var. greggii (A.Gray) Strother; Šída 21: 287 (2004)
species :
Thymophylla tenuifolia (Cass.) Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 173 (1915)
Distribution: Mauritius [I]; India [I] (Delhi [I], Rajasthan [I], Madhya Pradesh [I], Maharashtra [I], Karnataka [I]); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, México State, Michoacan, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas)
29 mau 40 ind 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia diffusa (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Dyssodia neaei (DC.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 507 (1913)
= Dyssodia tenuifolia (Cass.) Loes.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 6: 866 (1906)
= Hymenatherum boeberoides A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) [Pl. Wright. 1]: 115 (1852)
= Hymenatherum diffusum A.Gray; Smithsonian Contr. Knowl. 3(5) (Pl. Wright. 1): 116 (1852)
= Hymenatherum neaei DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 642 (1836)
= Hymenatherum tenuifolium Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 22: 314 (1818)
= Pectis acicularis D.Don ex Hook. & Arn.; J. Bot. [Hooker] 3: 320 (1841)
= Thymophylla diffusa (A.Gray) Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34: 173 (1915)
= Thymophylla neaei Rydb.; N. Amer. Fl. 34(2): 173 (1915)
species :
Thymophylla tenuiloba (DC.) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1295 (1903)
Name: Dogweed, Fetid marigold (Bahamas); Bristleleaf pricklyleaf
Distribution: Ascension Isl. [I]; Mauritius [I]; Israel [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I]); Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], West Maui [I]); USA (Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Mississippi, South Carolina, Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas); Bahamas [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Anguilla [I]; Saba [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Barbados [I]
28 asc 29 mau 34 isr 50 aus 63 haw 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 81 agu bah bbd cay sab stv
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia tenuiloba (DC.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 508 (1913)
= Hymenatherum tenuilobum DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 5: 642 (1836)
variant :
var. texana (Cory) Strother; Sida 11(4): 378 (1986)
Name: Texas bristleleaf
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia tenuiloba var. texana (Cory) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 76 (1969)
= Dyssodia texana Cory; Rhodora 49: 162 (1947)
variant :
var. treculii (A.Gray) Strother; Sida 11(4): 378 (1986)
Name: Trecul´s pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia tenuiloba var. treculii (A.Gray) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 75 (1969)
= Dyssodia treculii (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 508 (1913)
= Hymenatherum treculii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 42 (1883)
= Thymophylla treculii (A.Gray) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1295 (1903)
variant :
var. wrightii (A.Gray) Strother; Sida 11(4): 378 (1986)
Name: Wright´s pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (South Carolina, Texas)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia tenuiloba subsp. wrightii (A.Gray) Strother; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 48: 76 (1969)
= Dyssodia wrightii (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 49: 508 (1913)
= Hymenatherum wrightii A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 4: 89 (1849)
= Thymophylla wrightii (A.Gray) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 1295 (1903)
species :
Thymophylla tephroleuca (S.F.Blake) Strother; Sida 11(4): 378 (1986)
Name: Ashy pricklyleaf
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Tamaulipas)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Dyssodia tephroleuca S.F.Blake; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 25: 320 (1935)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.08 (August 18th, 2025)

Covering 357,029 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,070 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,054 synonyms,
in total 1,417,941* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life