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492.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate. Phylogeny: Razafimandimbison & Rydin (2024)
Species listed in database: 14370; hybrids: 47
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijks Univ. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen. [Meisner], Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
492.5616 Genus Tournefortiopsis Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 369 (1907)
Distribution: Tropical America, mostly Colombia
Species listed in database: 13
species :
Tournefortiopsis crassifolia (Standl. ex Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor & A.C.Berger; Novon 29: 242 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Chocó, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Risaralda, Valle)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda crassifolia Standl. ex Steyerm.; Acta Biol. Venez. 4: 51 (1964)
= Guettarda gehrigeri Standl. ex Pittier et al.; Cat. Fl. Venez. [Pittier et al.] 2: 441 (1947)
= Guettarda tournefortiopsis var. crassifolia (Standl. ex Steyerm.) Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venez. 6: 132 (1971 publ. 1972)
species :
Tournefortiopsis crispiflora (Vahl) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 64 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. crispiflora
Name: Bois flot montagne, Bois gl´eau (Lesser Antilles)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; St. Vincent; Grenada; Ecuador; Peru
80 COS PAN 81 DOM GDL GRE MAR MTS STL STV 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda crispiflora Vahl; Eclog. Amer. 1: 36 (1796)
= Guettarda membranacea Sieber ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 458 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Matthiola crispiflora (Vahl) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 288 (1891)
= Tournefortiopsis crispiflora subsp. dominicana Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 66 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. cobanensis (Donn.Sm.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 65 (2008)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; Nicaragua; Costa Rica
79 MEX 80 COS GUA NIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda cobanensis Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 47: 255 (1909)
= Guettarda crispiflora subsp. cobanensis (Donn.Sm.) C.M.Taylor; Novon 11(1): 132 (2001)
subspecies :
subsp. delicatula C.M.Taylor & A.C.Berger; Novon 29: 246 (2021)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia
80 COS PAN 82 CLM
subspecies :
subsp. discolor (Rusby) A.C.Berger & C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 249 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (Anzoátegui, Aragua, Barinas, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcón, Lara, Mérida, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Táchira)
82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda bernardii Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venez. 6: 128 (1971)
= Guettarda crispiflora subsp. discolor (Rusby) Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venez. 6: 130 (1971)
= Guettarda crispiflora var. venezuelensis Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venez. 6: 129 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Guettarda discolor Rusby; Descr. S. Amer. Pl. 134 (1920)
= Guettarda steyermarkii Standl.; Fieldiana, Bot. 228: 576 (1953)
= Guettarda tovarensis Standl. ex Knuth; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 43: 668 (1928)
= Tournefortiopsis discolor (Rusby) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 67 (2008)
= Tournefortiopsis steyermarkii (Standl.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 69 (2008)
subspecies :
subsp. poasana (Standl.) C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 251 (2021)
Distribution: Costa Rica
80 COS
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda crispiflora subsp. poasana (Standl.) C.M.Taylor; Novon 11(1): 133 (2001)
= Guettarda poasana Standl.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 18: 182 (1928)
= Tournefortiopsis poasana (Standl.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 68 (2008)
species :
Tournefortiopsis cuatrecasasii (Standl. ex Steyerm.) C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 251 (2021)
Distribution: Honduras; Costa Rica; Isla del Coco; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Guyana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
80 COC COS HON PAN 82 CLM GUY 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda chiriquiensis Standl.; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 25: 838 (1938)
= Guettarda conferta Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulphur [Bentham] 106 (1845)
= Guettarda crispiflora subsp. sabiceoides (Standl.) C.M.Taylor; Novon 11(1): 133 (2001)
= Guettarda crispiflora var. sabiceoides (Standl.) Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venez. 6: 130 (1971)
= Guettarda cuatrecasasii Standl. ex Steyerm.; Acta Biol. Venez. 4: 53 (1964)
= Guettarda ochreata Schltdl.; Linnaea 28: 496 (1856)
= Guettarda pichisensis Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 172 (1930)
= Guettarda sabiceoides Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 291 (1928)
= Guettarda sordida Standl. ex Steyerm.; Acta Biol. venez. 4: 56 (1964)
= Matthiola conferta (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 288 (1891)
= Tournefortiopsis conferta (Benth.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 66 (2008)
= Tournefortiopsis conferta subsp. chiriquensis (Standl.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 67 (2008)
= Tournefortiopsis ochreata (Schltdl.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 68 (2008)
= Tournefortiopsis sabiceoides (Standl.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 69 (2008)
species :
Tournefortiopsis dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 67 (2008)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru
83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda crispiflora var. dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 2: 201 (1805)
= Guettarda dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 200 (1805)
= Laugeria dependens Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 23 (1799)
= Matthiola dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 288 (1891)
species :
Tournefortiopsis deviana C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 255 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Tournefortiopsis fontanesii (DC.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 68 (2008)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda fontanesii DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 458 (1830)
= Guettarda hirsuta Desf.; Tabl. École Bot., ed. 3 (Cat. Pl. Horti Paris.) 404 (1829), nom. illeg.
species :
Tournefortiopsis hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Borhidi; Acta Bot. Hung. 50(1-2): 68 (2008)
Distribution: Colombia (Cauca, Risaralda); Ecuador; Peru
82 CLM 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 200 (1805)
= Laugeria hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. [Ruiz & Pavon] 2: 22 (1799)
= Tournefortiopsis major Wernham; J. Bot. 53: 15 (1915)
species :
Tournefortiopsis reticulata Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 369 (1907)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama; Venezuela (Mérida); Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
80 COS PAN 82 VEN 83 BOL PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Guettarda tournefortiopsis Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 7: 293 (1931), nom. nov.
= Tournefortiopsis minor Wernham; J. Bot. 51: 218 (1913)
species :
Tournefortiopsis robusta C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 259 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia; Ecuador
82 CLM 83 ECU
species :
Tournefortiopsis sopkinii C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 260 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Tournefortiopsis tamboana C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 261 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
species :
Tournefortiopsis torrana (C.M.Taylor) C.M.Taylor; Novon 29: 262 (2021)
Distribution: Colombia (Chocó)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Chomelia torrana C.M.Taylor; Novon 20(3): 356 (2010)
species :
Tournefortiopsis triflora D.Pérez & Alzate; Phytotaxa 609(2): 146 (2023)
Distribution: Colombia
82 CLM
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life