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465.0000 Family Apiaceae Lindl.; Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 21 (1836), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 460 - 480 genera, ca. 3900 spp. Phylogeny still partially incomplete, taken from recent partial revisions (Downie et al. etc.), and Clarkson et al. (2021) who do cover only 290 genera. Genus circumscriptions mostly following Kubitzki (ed., 2018)
Species listed in database: 3909; hybrids: 17
= Actinotaceae Konstant. & Melikyan; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 90: 1763 (2005)
= Ammiaceae Bercht. & C.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Angelicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 29 (1820)
= Bupleuraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Caucalidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Coriandraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 783, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Daucaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 183 (1820)
= Eryngiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Ferulaceae Sacc.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. 4: 214 (1872)
= Imperatoriaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 328 (1820)
= Lagoeciaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Mackinlayaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: lii (2001)
= Pastinacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 457 (1820)
= Pimpinellaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 258 (1820)
= Saniculaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Scandicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Selinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Sileraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Přir. Rostlin 259 (1820)
= Smyrniaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 773, 1093, 1128 (1835)
= Umbelliferae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 218 (1789), nom. cons.
465.9501 Genus Trachyspermum Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 267 (1821)
Distribution: North, Northeast, and tropical Africa; W- and SW-Asia eastward to W-China and India; 1 Middle Asia
Species listed in database: 13
species :
Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1929: 228 (1929)
Name: Ajowan caraway, Ajowan (EN), Ammei (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Morocco [I]; Ethiopia [I]; Seychelles [I]; Kazakhstan [I]; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Helmand, Kabul, Wardak, Nangarhar, Takhar); Israel (N-Israel); Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Pakistan (Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Hindukush); Bhutan [I]; NW-India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Manipur, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Nicobar Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; USA [I] (Michigan [I])
11 ger 20 mor 24 eth 29 sey 32 kaz TKM UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ ISR TUR 35 SAU 40 ban bhu IND PAK 41 and mya ncb 42 jaw phi 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Ammi cicutarium Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 531 (1820)
= Ammi copticum L.; Mant. Pl. 56 (1767)
= Ammi glaucifolium Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 213 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Ammios muricata Moench; Methodus [Moench] 99 (1794), nom. illeb.
= Athamanta ajowan (Roxb.) Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 18, no. 572 (1829), nomen
= Bunium aromaticum L.; Mant. Pl. Altera [Linnaeus] 218 (1771)
= Bunium copticum (L.) Spreng.; Pl. Umbell. Prodr. 28 (1813)
= Carum ajawain (Roxb.) Waring; Pharmacopoeia India 99 (1868)
= Carum ajowan (Roxb.) Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. Pl. [Bentham & Hooker f.] 1: 891 (1867)
= Carum ammi (L.) Sprague; J. Bot. 60: 314 (1922)
= Carum aromaticum (L.) Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 612 (1916 publ. 1917)
= Carum copticum (L.) Benth. & Hook.f. ex Hiern; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 3: 12 (1877)
= Carum copticum (L.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 682 (1879)
= Carum korolkowii (Regel & Schmalh.) Lipsky; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 18: 66 (1910)
= Cyclospermum ammi (L.) Lag.; Amen. Nat. Españ. 1(2): 101 (1821)
= Daucus anisodorus Blanco; Fl. Filip., ed. 2 [Blanco] 150 (1845)
= Daucus copticus (L.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 635 (1783)
= Deverra korolkowii Regel & Schmalh.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 589 (1877)
= Helosciadium ammi (L.) Britton; Fl. Bermuda [N.L.Britton] 279 (1918), isonym
= Helosciadium ammi (L.) Oken; Allg. Naturgesch. 3(3): 1831 (1841)
= Ligusticum ajawain Roxb.; Asiat. Res. 11: 17o (1810), sphalm.
= Ligusticum ajowan Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 230 (1835)
= Pituranthos korolkowii (Regel & Schmalh.) Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 211 (1894)
= Ptychotis ajawain (Roxb.) DC.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 4: 497 (1828)
= Ptychotis coptica (L.) DC.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 4: 496 (1828)
= Selinum copticum (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 12: 43 (1904)
= Seseli ammoides Jacq.; Hort. Bot. Vindob. 1: t. 52 (1771), nom. illeg.
= Seseli foeniculifolium Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 7: 137 (1806)
= Sison ammi L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 252 (1753)
= Trachyspermum copticum (L.) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 267 (1821)
species :
Trachyspermum baluchistanicum Nasir; Biologia (Lahore) 9: 40 (1963)
Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
species :
Trachyspermum clavatum Nasir; Fl. W. Pakistan 20: 74 (1972)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Trachyspermum confusum Hedge, Lamond & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 162: 340 (1987)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghazni, Kandahar)
34 AFG
species :
Trachyspermum falconeri (C.B.Clarke) H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 90 (1927)
Distribution: NW-India (Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Carum falconeri C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 683 (1879)
species :
Trachyspermum gedrosiacum (Bornm.) Hedge; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 162: 340, t. 273, 49, f. 1 (1987)
Distribution: Iran (S-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Pimpinella gedrosiaca Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 59, b: 294 (1939)
species :
Trachyspermum halophilum Hedge, Lamond & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 162: 339 (1987)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Ghazni)
34 AFG
species :
Trachyspermum khasianum (C.B.Clarke) H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 91 (1927)
Distribution: India (Assam, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Shan)
40 BAN IND 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Carum khasianum C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 2: 682 (1879)
species :
Trachyspermum pimpinelloides H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 91 (1927)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Abd-al-Kuri Isl.; Samha Isl.; Soqotra; Kenya; NE-Tanzania
24 ETH SOC SOM 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Carum calcicolum Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 11: 514 (1882)
= Carum kuriense Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 63 (1904)
= Carum pimpinelloides Balf.f.; Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 11: 514 (1882)
= Carum pimpinelloides var. trichocarpum (Vierh.) C.C.Towns.; Kew Bull. 25(2): 184 (1971)
= Carum trichocarpum Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 64 (1904)
= Trachyspermum aethusifolium Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 229 (1932)
= Trachyspermum aethusifolium var. verruculosum C.C.Towns.; Kew Bull. 41: 456 (1986)
= Trachyspermum calcicola (Balf.f.) H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 92 (1927)
= Trachyspermum copticum var. maritimum Chiov.; Fl. Somala 1: 188 (1929)
= Trachyspermum trichocarpum (Vierh.) H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 92 (1927)
species :
Trachyspermum podlechii (Leute) Hedge, Lamond & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 162: 339 (1987)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman)
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Seseli podlechii Leute; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 120(3): 293 (1972)
species :
Trachyspermum reginei Ajani & Mozaff.; Nordic J. Bot. 37(6)-e02238: 3 (2019)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Trachyspermum stewartii (Dunn) Hedge, Lamond & Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 162: 338 (1987)
Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Hazara, Salt Range, Murree); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Eriocycla stewartii (Dunn) H.Wolff; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.228, Heft 90b (Umbellif.-Apioideae part): 107 (1927)
= Pimpinella stewartii (Dunn) Nasir; Fl. W. Pakistan 20: 66 (1972)
= Pituranthos stewartii Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 385 (1924)
species :
Trachyspermum villosum (Haines) P.K.Bhattacharya & K.Sarkar; Fl. W. Champaran Distr. Bihar 253 (1998)
Distribution: India (Orissa)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Carum villosum Haines; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 15: 309, t. 9 (1919)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life