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095.0000 Family Annonaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 283 (1789), nom. cons.
125 genera, ca. 2450 spp. Systematics following Nge et al. (2024)
Species listed in database: 2612; hybrids: 8
= Hornschuchiaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 65 (1858)
= Monodoraceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 126 (1858)
095.4783 Genus Trivalvaria Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 19 (1865)
Distribution: NE-India, Myanmar, Thailand, W-Malesia
Species listed in database: 12
species :
Trivalvaria argentea (Hook.f. & Thomson) J.Sinclair; Sarawak Mus. J. 5: 603 (1951)
Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland); Bangladesh
40 BAN IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Guatteria pallida Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. [Hooker f. & Thomson] 1: 143 (1855), nom. illeg., non G. pallida Blume (1825)
= Polyalthia argentea Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 67 (1872)
= Popowia hookeri King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 61(2): 97 (1892), nom. illeg. superfl.
species :
Trivalvaria casseabriae Y.H.Tan, S.S.Zhou & B.Yang; PhytoKeys 94: 5 (2018)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Trivalvaria costata (Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson) I.M.Turner; Kew Bull. 64(3): 577 (2009)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan); India (Assam); Bangladesh; Thailand (SE- & peninsular Thailand); Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Terengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Melaka, Johor)
36 CHI 40 BAN IND 41 LAO THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Ellipeia costata (Hook.f. & Thomson) King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 61(1): 26 (1892)
= Ellipeia pumila King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 61(2): 27 (1892)
= Guatteria costata Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Ind. [Hooker f. & Thomson] 1: 143 (1855)
= Polyalthia costata (Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 67 (1872)
= Polyalthia montana Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 41: 288 (1913)
= Polyalthia nemoralis Aug.DC.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 4: 1906 (1904)
= Polyalthia oligogyna Merr. & Chun; Sunyatsenia 2(1): 27-28 (1934)
= Popowia pumila (King) Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 78 (1922)
= Trivalvaria pumila (King) J.Sinclair; Gard. Bull. Singapore 14: 48 (1953)
= Uvaria costata Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 6480 (1832)
species :
Trivalvaria dubia (Kurz) J.Sinclair; Gard. Bull. Singapore 14: 47 (1953)
Distribution: Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Kachin, Taninthayi); Thailand (peninsular Thailand)
41 AND MYA THA
Remarks: often included in T. costata but kept separate by Flora of Thailand
Synonyms: hidden
= Polyalthia dubia Kurz; Rep. Veg. Andaman Isl., ed. 2: 29 (1870), et in J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 43(2): 53 (1874)
= Polyalthia dubia var. falconeri Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 43: 53 (1874)
= Polyalthia dubia var. glabriuscula Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 43: 53 (1874), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Popowia kurzii King; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 61(2): 96 (1892), nom. illeg. superfl.
species :
Trivalvaria kanjilalii D.Das; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 10: 263 (1969)
Distribution: India (Meghalaya)
40 IND
Conservation Status: IUCN E
species :
Trivalvaria macrophylla (Blume) Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 19 (1865)
Distribution: Thailand (peninsular Thailand); peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Penang, Kelantan, Perak, Pahang, Selangor, Melaka); +Singapore; Sumatra; Borneo; Brunei; Java
41 THA 42 BOR BRN JAW MLY SNG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Guatteria bragma Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 20 (1825)
= Guatteria brevipetala Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. 381 (1861)
= Guatteria macrophylla Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 19 (1825)
= Guatteria macrophylla var. bragma (Blume) Blume; Fl. Javae, Annonac. 97 (1830)
= Guatteria macrophylla var. glabrata Blume; Fl. Javae, Annonac. 97 (1830)
= Polyalthia macrophylla (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 66 (1872), nom. illeg., non P. macrophylla (Blume) Blume (1830)
= Popowia nervifolia Maingay ex Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1: 69 (1872)
= Saccopetalum carnosum Teijsm. & Binn.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 25: 418-419 (1863)
= Trivalvaria carnosa (Teijsm. & Binn.) Scheff.; Natuurk. Tijdschr. Ned.-Indië 31: 8 (1869)
= Trivalvaria macrophylla var. lanceolata Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 2: 20 (1865)
= Trivalvaria stymanii Scheff.; Flora 52: 301 (1869)
variant :
var. sumatrana Heusden; Nordic J. Bot. 17(2): 177 (1997)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
species :
Trivalvaria nervosa (Hook.f. & Thomson) J.Sinclair; Gard. Bull. Singapore 14: 197 (1955)
Distribution: Thailand (peninsular Thailand); peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Kelantan, Perak, Pahang, Melaka, Johor); ?Moluccas
41 THA 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Ellipeia nervosa Hook.f. & Thomson; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 1(1): 52 (1872)
= Popowia nervosa Ridl.; Fl. Malay Penins. 1: 78 (1922)
species :
Trivalvaria ochroleuca Chaowasku & D.M.Johnson; Phytotaxa 489(1): 80 (2021)
Distribution: Thailand (N- & SW-Thailand)
41 THA
species :
Trivalvaria recurva Chaowasku & D.M.Johnson; Phytotaxa 489(1): 80 (2021)
Distribution: Thailand (SW-Thailand)
41 THA
species :
Trivalvaria rubra Y.H.Tan, S.S.Zhou & B.Yang; PhytoKeys 94: 4 (2018)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Trivalvaria stenopetala Chaowasku & D.M.Johnson; Phytotaxa 489(1): 82 (2021)
Distribution: Thailand (peninsular Thailand)
41 THA
species :
Trivalvaria tomentosa B.Xue, Y.H.Tan & Y.S.Chen; Nordic J. Bot. 39(8)-e03215: 4 (2021)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.03 (March 30th, 2026)

Covering 359,184 accepted species,
8,882 hybrids, 47,737 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,007,635 synonyms,
in total 1,423,438* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life