177.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.

ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)

Species listed in database: 12106; hybrids: 385

= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 221 (1820)

= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 19 (1820)

= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 28 (1820)

= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)

= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)

= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)

= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 270 (1827)

= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 60. 31 (1820)

= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 9, 268 (1827)

= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 269 (1827)

= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)

= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 818. ante (1873)

= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51, 269 (1827)

= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271, 272 (1827)

= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)

= Festucaceae Spreng.; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)

= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)

= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 28 (1789), nom. cons.

= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 252 (1833)

= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)

= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)

= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 6, 267 (1827)

= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)

= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 91, 270 (1827)

= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 413 (1820)

= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 3, 268 (1827)

= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)

= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)

= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 47, 269 (1827)

= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)

= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)

= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)

= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)

= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)

= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 46, 268 (1827)

= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)

= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)

= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 22, 268 (1827)

= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)

= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 8, 268 (1827)

177.6777 Genus Urochloa P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 52, t. 11, f. 1 (1812)

Distribution: Tropics and subtropics. Probably the whole genus Brachiaria needs inclusion.

Species listed in database: 102

species :

Urochloa adspersa (Trin.) R.D.Webster; Syst. Bot. 13(4): 607 (1988)

Name: Brown top millet, Dominican signalgrass

Distribution: USA (Florida, Alabama [I], +New Jersey [I], +Pennsylvania [I]); Mexico (Yucatan); Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (Guana, St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; Nevis; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenada; Colombia; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); S-Brazil (Paraná); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central, Concepcion, Misiones, Pres. Hayes); Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Formosa, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

75 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 81 ABA AGU BAH CUB GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB STK STL STM VIR 82 CLM 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria adspersa (Trin.) Parodi; Darwiniana 15: 96 (1969)

= Brachiaria echinulata (Mez) Parodi; Darwiniana 15: 94 (1969)

= Panicum adspersum Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 146 (1826)

= Panicum adspersum var. exile Lindm.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., n. s. 34(6): 8, t. 3 (1900)

= Panicum adspersum var. neesii Lindm.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. Handl., n. s. 34(6): 8 (1900)

= Panicum caespitosum Spreng. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 253 (1841), pro syn.

= Panicum echinulatum Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 62 (1917)

= Panicum echinulatum var. boliviense Henrard; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 40: 50 (1921)

= Panicum keyense Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 61 (1917)

= Panicum thomasianum Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 188 (1877), nomen

species :

Urochloa advena (Vickery) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 231 (1987)

Distribution: South Africa [I] (widespread); Lesotho [I]; Australia (New South Wales)

27 les saf 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria advena Vickery; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 1: 329 (1951)

species :

Urochloa albicoma (Swallen & García-Barr.) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 68 (1992)

Distribution: Colombia (Cauca)

82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria albicoma (Swallen & García-Barr.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 59: 11, f. 5 (1985)

= Panicum albicomum Swallen & García-Barr.; Caldasia 2: 303 (1943)

species :

Urochloa argentea (R.Br.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria argentea (R.Br.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Panicum argenteum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 190 (1810)

species :

Urochloa arida (Mez) Rudov; Frontiers Pl. Sci. (Online journal) 11-546518: 30 (2020)

Distribution: Somalia; Soqotra

24 SOC SOM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria arida (Mez) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 540 (1919)

= Panicum aridum Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 139 (1904)

species :

Urochloa arizonica (Scribn. & Merr.) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 32(1-4): 61 (1993)

Name: Arizona signalgrass

Distribution: USA (S-California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Mississippi [I], Alabama [I], Florida [I]); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria arizonica (Scribn. & Merr.) S.T.Blake; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 81: 4 (1969)

= Brachiaria arizonica var. laeviglumis (Scribn. & Merr.) Beetle; Phytologia 52(1): 13 (1982)

= Brachiaria arizonica var. major (Vasey) Beetle; Phytologia 52(1): 12 (1982)

= Brachiaria arizonica var. tenuis (Scribn. & Merr.) Beetle; Phytologia 52(1): 13 (1982)

= Panicum arizonicum Scribn. & Merr.; Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 2 (1901)

= Panicum arizonicum var. dissitiflorum Scribn. & Merr.; Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 2 (1901), pro syn.

= Panicum arizonicum var. laeviglume Scribn. & Merr.; Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 3 (1901)

= Panicum arizonicum var. majus (Vasey) Scribn. & Merr.; Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 3 (1901)

= Panicum arizonicum var. tenue Scribn. & Merr.; Circ. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 3 (1901)

= Panicum dissitiflorum Vasey ex S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 24: 80 (1889)

= Panicum fasciculatum var. dissitiflorum Vasey ex Scribn. & Merr.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 2 (1901) [nom. inval., as syn. of Panicum arizonicum Scribn. & Merr.]

= Panicum fasciculatum var. majus (Vasey) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 117 (1896)

= Panicum fuscum var. majus Vasey; Bull. Div. Bot. U.S.D.A. 8: 26 (1889)

species :

Urochloa arrecta (Hack. ex T.Durand & Schinz) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 69 (1992)

Name: African signalgrass

Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; Rwanda; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Madagascar; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I]); Venezuela [I] (Bolívar [I], Delta Amacuro [I], Lara [I], Monagas [I], Portuguesa [I]); Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]; NE-Brazil [I] (Bahia [I]); SE-Brazil [I] (São Paulo [I]); S-Brazil [I] (Santa Catarina [I]); Argentina [I] (Misiones [I])

23 CON RWA 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG 27 BOT NAM SAF 29 MDG 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els hon 81 pue trt 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 per 84 bra 85 arg

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria arrecta (Hack. ex T.Durand & Schinz) Stent; Bothalia 1: 263 (1924)

= Brachiaria arrecta var. madecassa A.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 101: 395 (1954)

= Brachiaria latifolia Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 526 (1919)

= Brachiaria radicans Napper; Kirkia 3: 125 (1963)

= Panicum arrectum Hack. ex T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 15: 741 (1894 publ. 1895)

= Panicum multifolium Peter; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, Math.-Phys. Kl., Ser. 2, 13(2): 44, 45 (1928), et in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 176, et Anh. 29 (1930)

species :

Urochloa atrisola R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 232 (1987)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria atrisola (R.D.Webster) B.K.Simon; Austrobaileya 3(4): 589 (1992)

species :

Urochloa bovonei (Chiov.) A.M.Torres & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37: 42 (2005)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]

23 RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZIM 27 SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria bovonei (Chiov.) Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 174 (1932)

= Brachiaria hians Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 514 (1919)

= Brachiaria viridula Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 515 (1919)

= Panicum bovonei Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 13: 42 (1914)

species :

Urochloa brachyura (Hack.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 592 (1920)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Free State)

25 KEN TAN 26 ANG ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Panicum brachyurum Hack.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 142 (1888)

= Urochloa geniculata C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 499 (1933)

= Urochloa novemnervia C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1933: 500 (1933)

species :

Urochloa brevispicata (Rendle) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 358 (2016)

Distribution: Angola

26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria brevispicata (Rendle) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 521 (1919)

= Panicum brevispicatum Rendle; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 2: 168 (1899)

species :

Urochloa brizantha (A.Rich.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 233 (1987)

Name: Palisade grass

Distribution: Gambia; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; S-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Mauritius [I]; Seychelles; Yemen (W-Yemen); Bhutan [I]; India [I] (Kerala [I]); Bangladesh [I]; Myanmar [I] (Mandalay [I], Yangon [I]); Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Cocos [Keeling] Isl. [I]; New Guinea [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Queensland [I]); Fiji [I]; USA [I] (Texas [I]); Mexico [I]; Honduras [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GUI IVO MLI NGA SIE 23 BUR CAF CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 mau MDG SEY 35 YEM 40 ban bhu ind 41 lao mya tha 42 cki mly nwg 50 aus 60 fij 77 usa 79 mex 80 hon 81 pue trt 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 bol ecu per 84 bra

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria brizantha (A.Rich.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 531 (1919)

= Brachiaria brizantha var. angustifolia Stent & J.M.Rattray; Proc. & Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 32: 23 (1933)

= Brachiaria brizantha var. ciliata Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 379 (1983)

= Brachiaria gangangalaensis Vanderyst; Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 10: 243 (1919), nom. prov., et Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 16: 665 (1925)

= Brachiaria manzonzoensis Vanderyst; Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 10: 243 (1919), nom. prov.

= Panicum brizanthum A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 363 (1850)

= Panicum brizanthum var. lasiochloa Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 26: 65 (1919)

= Panicum brizanthum var. latifolium Oliv.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 29: 170 (1875)

= Panicum brizanthum var. pandanifolium Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1), Anh. : 31 (1930)

= Panicum brizanthum var. polystachyum De Wild. & T.Durand; Pl. Thonn. Congol. 3 (1900)

= Urochloa brizantha var. ciliata (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 28 (1993 publ. 1997)

= Urochloa brizantha var. ciliata (Basappa & Muniy.) S.K.Jain; Phytotaxonomy (2004), isonym

species :

Urochloa burmanica (Bor) Veldkamp; Reinwardtia 12(2): 139 (2004)

Distribution: Myanmar; Thailand

41 MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria burmanica Bor; Kew Bull. [5]: 232 (1950)

species :

Urochloa caboverdiana (Conert & C.Köhler) Veldkamp, Potdar & S.R.Yadav; Rheedea 18(2): 93 (2008)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago)

21 CVI

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria lata subsp. caboverdiana Conert & C.Köhler; Senckenberg. Biol. 67(4-6): 432 (1987)

= Brachiaria caboverdiana (Conert & C.Köhler) Rivas Mart., Lousã, J.C.Costa & Maria C.Duarte; Int. J. Geobot. Res. 7: 21 (2017)

species :

Urochloa catasusii García-Beltrán & Bécquer; Cat. Plantas de Cuba 1019 (2024), nom. nov.

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola

81 CUB HIS JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Alloteropsis dura (Griseb.) Hitchc.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12(6): 211 (1909)

= Panicum durum Griseb.; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n. s. 8: 533 (1862)

= Scutachne dura (Griseb.) Hitchc. & Chase; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 24: 149 (1911)

species :

Urochloa chusqueoides (Hack.) Rudov; Frontiers Pl. Sci. (Online journal) 11-546518: 30 (2020)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Yemen (W-Yemen)

24 ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZIM 27 SAF 35 YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria chusqueoides (Hack.) Clayton; Kew Bull. 34: 558 (1980)

= Panicum chusqueoides Hack.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 377 (1895)

= Panicum obumbratum Stapf; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 7: 401 (1899)

= Panicum schlechteri Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 139 (1904), nom. illeg.

species :

Urochloa ciliatissima (Buckley) R.D.Webster; Syst. Bot. 13(4): 606 (1988)

Name: Fringed signalgrass

Distribution: USA (Arkansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Veracruz)

74 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria ciliatissima (Buckley) Chase; Bull. U.S.D.A. (1913-23) 772: 221 (1920), in obs.

= Panicum ciliatissimum Buckley; Prelim. Rep. Surv. Texas 4 (1866), et Bull. U.S.D.A. Div. Bot. 8: 28 (1889), et Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 3: 29 (1892)

species :

Urochloa clavipila (Chiov. ex A.Rich.) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 359 (2016)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Angola

23 ZAI 26 ANG

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria clavipila (Chiov.) Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 179 (1932)

= Panicum clavipilum Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 13: 43 (1914)

species :

Urochloa comata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Sosef; Fl. Gabon, 5 bis: 64 (1999)

Distribution: Senegal; Burkina Faso; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; Cabinda [Angola]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; Yemen (W-Yemen)

22 BKN NGA SEN 23 CAB CAF CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZIM 35 YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria comata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 561 (1919)

= Brachiaria coronifera Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 262 (1936)

= Brachiaria epaleata Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 555 (1919)

= Brachiaria heterocraspeda (Peter) Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 13: 263 (1936)

= Brachiaria kotschyana (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 559 (1919)

= Brachiaria pilgeriana H.Scholz; Willdenowia 8: 385 (1978), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Brachiaria scalaris Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 10: 269 (1928)

= Brachiaria secernenda (Hochst. ex Mez) Henrard; Blumea 3: 432 (1940), in obs.

= Panicum comatum Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 376 (1851)

= Panicum heterocraspedum Peter; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, Math.-Phys. Kl., Ser. 2, 13(2): 45 (1928), in clavi, et in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 176, et Anh. 28 (1930)

= Panicum indutum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 68 (1853)

= Panicum kotschyanum Hochst.; Flora 25(1. Beibl.): 183 (1842)

= Panicum scalare Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 138 (1904), nom. illeg.

= Panicum secernendum Hochst. ex Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 68 (1917)

= Panicum stuhlmannii K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 102 (1895)

= Panicum villosum var. erythraeum Chiov.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 302 (1908)

species :

Urochloa comorense (Mez) Oulo, Zon & Sosef; Blumea 68: 76 (2023)

Distribution: Senegal; Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Tanzania; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores

22 GHA NGA SEN TOG 23 CMN 24 ETH SSU 25 TAN UGA 27 SWZ 29 COM MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria capuronii A.Camus; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 29: 278 (1957)

= Brachiaria comorensis (Mez) A.Camus; Rev. Int. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 27: 280 (1947)

= Brachiaria decaryana A.Camus; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Sér. 2, 29: 278 (1957)

= Panicum comorense Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 57: 185 (1921)

= Panicum microlemma Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 15: 707 (1942)

species :

Urochloa deflexa (Schumach.) H.Scholz; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 11: 443 (1989)

Distribution: S-Egypt; Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl.); Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Mozambique Channel Isl. [Îles Éparses] (Juan de Nova Isl.); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh); USA [I] (Florida [I])

20 EGY 21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO MLI MTN NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN CON ZAI 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 IND PAK 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria clavuliseta Chiov.; Agric. Colon. 20: 106 (1926)

= Brachiaria deflexa (Schumach.) C.E.Hubb. ex Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 181 (1932)

= Brachiaria deflexa var. sativa Portères; Agron. Trop. (Nogent-sur-Marne) 6: 38 (1951), no latin descr.

= Brachiaria regularis (Nees) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 544 (1919)

= Brachiaria stapfiana Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49: 379 (1983)

= Panicum clavulisetum Chiov.; Agric. Colon. 20: 106 (1926), in syn.

= Panicum deflexum Schumach.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 63 (1827)

= Panicum glycerioides Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 29: 110 (1923), in syn. (1922)

= Panicum nudiglume Hochst.; Flora 27: 253 (1844)

= Panicum petiveri var. nudiglume (Hochst.) Chiov.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 303 (1908)

= Panicum petiveri var. robustissimum Chiov.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 302 (1908)

= Panicum ramosum var. deflexum (Schumach.) Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 177 (1930)

= Panicum regulare Nees; Fl. Afr. Austral. Ill. 41 (1841) [in obs.]

= Panicum sorghi Delile; Descr. Égypte, Hist. Nat. 51 (1813), nomen

= Pseudobrachiaria deflexa (Schumach.) Launert; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München, Heft 8: 158 (1970)

= Urochloa deflexa (Schumach.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 28 (1993 publ. 1997), isonym

= Urochloa stapfiana (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 30 (1993 publ. 1997)

species :

Urochloa dictyoneura (Fig. & De Not.) Veldkamp; Blumea 41(2): 418 (1996)

Distribution: Nigeria; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Zambia; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Bhutan [I]; Laos [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Panama [I]; Cuba [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]

22 NGA 23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 40 bhu 41 lao 43 sol 80 pan 81 cub pue trt 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 bol ecu 84 bra 85 arg par

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria dictyoneura (Fig. & De Not.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 512 (1919)

= Brachiaria dictyoneura subsp. humidicola (Rendle) Catasús; Fontqueria 55(4): 16 (2001)

= Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweick.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1936: 297 (1936)

= Brachiaria keniensis Henrard; Blumea 3: 432 (1940)

= Brachiaria obvoluta Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 511 (1919)

= Brachiaria rautanenii (Hack.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 513 (1919)

= Panicum albovellereum K.Schum. ex Engl.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 101 (1895)

= Panicum dictyoneurum Fig. & De Not.; Agrost. Aegypt. Fragm. 2: 13 (1853)

= Panicum golae Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 13: 43 (1914)

= Panicum humidicola Rendle; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 2: 169 (1899)

= Panicum rautanenii Hack.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 2: 935 (1902)

= Panicum vexillare Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 173 (1930)

= Urochloa humidicola (Rendle) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31: 80 (1992)

species :

Urochloa discifera (E.Fourn.) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 32: 65 (1993)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Durango, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Panama; French Guiana

79 MEX 80 GUA PAN 82 FRG

Synonyms: hidden

= Panicum disciferum E.Fourn.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 292 (1880) [nomen], et Mexic. Pl. 2: 19 (1886), et ex Hemsl., Biol. Centr.-Amer., Bot. 3: 488 (1885) [nomen]

= Panicum distans Salzm. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 61 (1853) [nom. illeg., non Trin. 1829]

= Panicum leandrii Trin.; Sp. Gram. [Trinius] 3: t. 335 (1835)

species :

Urochloa distachyoides (Stapf) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 360 (2016)

Distribution: Sierra Leone; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Nigeria; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic

22 GHA IVO NGA SIE 23 CAF CON

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria distachyoides Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 530 (1919)

= Brachiaria villosa Vanderyst; Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 10: 243 (1919), in syn.

species :

Urochloa distachyos (L.) T.Q.Nguyen; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 13 (1966)

Name: Tropical signalgrass

Distribution: Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Madagascar; Mauritius; La Réunion; Aldabra; Seychelles; China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hongkong, Hunan, Jiangxi); Ryukyu Isl.; Volcano Isl. (Iwojima); Taiwan; Pakistan (Sind, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Maldives; Bangladesh; Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Bago, Mandalay, Mon, Rakhine, Taninthayi, Yangon, Kachin); Thailand; South China Sea Isl.; peninsular Malaysia (Melaka); Singapore; Borneo; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Catanduanes, Mindoro, Guimaras, Negros, Cebu, Camiguin, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; Christmas Isl. [Austr.]; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Rotuma Isl.; Tonga [I] (Late Isl. [I], Lifuka [I]); Niue; Fiji [I]; Tuvalu [I]; Phoenix Isl. (Kanton); Gilbert Isl. (Tarawa); Banaba [Ocean] Isl. [I]; Cook Isl. (Rarotonga, Aitutaki, Atiu, Mauke, Manihiki, Penrhyn, ?Nassau); [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); Phoenix Isl. (Kanton); Gilbert Isl. (Tarawa); Palau (Malakal); Northern Marianas (Anatahan, Pagan, Saipan, Tinian); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi); Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Maui [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I], Maryland [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Bahamas [I]; Turks & Caicos Isl. [I]; Cuba [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (Tortola [I]); Anguilla [I]; St. Lucia [I]; Grenada [I]; Trinidad [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Brazil [I]

22 BEN IVO TOG 25 KEN TAN UGA 29 ALD MAU MDG REU SEY 36 CHI 38 KZN NNS TAI 40 BAN BHU IND MDV NEP PAK SRL 41 AND MYA THA 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SCS SNG XMS 43 SOL 50 AUS 60 asa fij GIL NUE NWC oce PHX ROT sam ton tuv VAN 61 COO 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU 63 haw 78 usa 79 mex 80 cos els hon nic 81 agu bah cay cub gre pue stl tci trt vir 82 clm ven 84 bra

Remarks: B. subquadripara is sometimes kept separate

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria distachyos (L.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 565 (1919)

= Brachiaria distachyos var. brevifolia E.G.Camus & A.Camus; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 7: 437 (1922)

= Brachiaria hybrida Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49: 379 (1983)

= Brachiaria miliiformis (J.Presl & C.Presl) Chase; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 35 (1920)

= Brachiaria subquadripara (Trin.) Hitchc.; Lingnan Sci. J. 7: 214 (1931)

= Brachiaria subquadripara var. hirsuta Jansen; Reinwardtia 2: 241 (1953)

= Brachiaria subquadripara var. miliiformis (C.Presl) S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22: 472 (1984)

= Brachiaria subquadripara var. pubescens Jansen; Reinwardtia 2: 241 (1953)

= Digitaria distachyos (L.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 85 (1805)

= Panicum distachyon L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 183 (1767)

= Panicum distachyon var. pseudodistachyum (Hayata) Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 37: 24 (1923)

= Panicum miliiforme J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 300 (1830)

= Panicum paspaloides Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 30(1): 401 (1911), nom. illeg.

= Panicum pseudodistachyum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: Suppl. (Gen. Ind. Fl. Formos.) 98 (1917), et l. c. vii. 60 (1918)

= Panicum subquadriparum Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 145 (1826)

= Urochloa hybrida (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 28 (1993 publ. 1997)

= Urochloa subquadripara (Trin.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 252 (1987)

species :

Urochloa dura (Stapf) A.M.Torres & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37: 42 (2005)

Distribution: Angola; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)

26 ANG 27 BOT NAM SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria dura Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 531 (1919)

= Brachiaria dura var. pilosa J.G.Anderson; Kirkia 1: 104 (1961)

= Urochloa dura var. pilosa (J.G.Anderson) A.M.Torres & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37: 42 (2005)

species :

Urochloa echinolaenoides Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 595 (1920)

Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi

25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Panicum fuscoviolaceum Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 175 (1930)

species :

Urochloa eminii (Mez) Davidse; Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45 [Cat. Flow. Pl. Gymn. Peru]: 1258 (1993)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Benin; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; ?Chad; Madagascar [I]; Bangladesh [I]; India [I] (Kerala [I], Rajasthan [I]); Sri Lanka [I]; Thailand [I]; Laos [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I]; Philippines [I]; Java [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); Mexico [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Colombia [I] (Antioquia [I], Arauca [I], Caldas [I], Caquetá [I], Casanare [I], Córdoba [I], Cundinamarca [I], Huila [I], Meta [I], Putumayo [I], Tolima [I], Valle [I], Vichada [I]); Venezuela [I] (Amazonas [I], Apure [I], Aragua [I], Bolívar [I], Cojedes [I], Venezuela Distrito Federal [I], Tachira [I], Yaracuy [I], Zulia [I]); Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I] (Santa Cruz [I]); N-Brazil [I] (Roraima [I], Tocantins [I], Rondônia [I]); NE-Brazil [I] (Bahia [I]); WC-Brazil [I] (Mato Grosso [I], Goiás [I], Brasilia Distrito Federal [I], Mato Grosso do Sul [I]); SE-Brazil [I] (Minas Gerais [I], São Paulo [I]); S-Brazil [I] (Paraná [I], Santa Catarina [I]); Paraguay [I] (Caaguazu [I], Caazapa [I], Central [I], Cordillera [I], Guaira [I], San Pedro [I]); Argentina [I] (Corrientes [I], Misiones [I])

22 BEN BKN IVO 23 BUR CAF CMN CON RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM 29 mdg 40 ban ind srl 41 lao tha 42 jaw mly phi 43 sol 50 aus 79 mex 80 cos els hon nic 81 cay pue trt 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 bol per 84 bra 85 arg par

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria bequaertii Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 177 (1932)

= Brachiaria decumbens Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 528 (1919)

= Brachiaria decumbens var. ruziziensis (R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard) Ndab.; Lejeunia, n. s., 132: 16 (1989)

= Brachiaria eminii (Mez) Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 176 (1932)

= Brachiaria ruziziensis R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 23: 373 (1953)

= Panicum eminii Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 135 (1904)

= Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 234 (1987)

= Urochloa ruziziensis (R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard) Crins; J. Arnold Arbor., Suppl. Ser. 1: 269 (1991)

= Urochloa ruziziensis (R.Germ. & C.M.Evrard) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(-4): 101 (1992), isonym

species :

Urochloa falcifera (Trin.) Zon; Blumea 64(3): 215 (2019)

Distribution: Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Central African Republic

22 BKN GHA TOG 23 CAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria falcifera (Trin.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 517 (1919)

= Panicum collare Schumach.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 60 (1827)

= Panicum falciferum Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 127 (1826)

species :

Urochloa foliosa (R.Br.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 236 (1987)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria foliosa (R.Br.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Panicum foliosum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 191 (1810)

= Paspalum foliosum (R.Br.) K.Schum. & Hollrung; Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land [Schumann & Hollrung] 21 (1889)

species :

Urochloa fusca (Sw.) B.F.Hansen & Wunderlin; Novon 11(3): 368 (2001)

Name: Browntop signalgrass (EN)

Distribution: Bangladesh [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); USA (Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Campeche, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Anguilla; St. Martin/St. Maarten; Saba; St. Eustatius; St. Kitts; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenadines; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Trinidad; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Arauca, Atlántico, Bolívar, Caquetá, Chocó, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Tolima, Valle); Isla Margarita; Venezuela (Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Yaracuy, Zulia); French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul); S-Brazil (Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman)

40 ban 50 aus 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA AGU BAH BBD BON CUB CUR DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE SAB STE STK STL STM STV TRT VEN VIR 82 CLM FRG VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) Parodi; Darwiniana 15: 96 (1969)

= Brachiaria fasciculata (Sw.) S.T.Blake; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 81: 4 (1969)

= Brachiaria fasciculata var. carthaginense (Sw.) Beetle; Phytologia 52(1): 13 (1982)

= Brachiaria fasciculata var. reticulata (Torr.) Beetle; Phytologia 52(1): 13 (1982), isonym

= Brachiaria fasciculata var. reticulata (Torr.) Vickery; Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 4(5): 250 (1972)

= Brachiaria fasciculata var. stricta (Döll) Beetle; Phytologia 52(1): 13 (1982)

= Digitaria miliacea Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 507 (1841), pro syn.

= Panicum carthaginense Sw.; Fl. Ind. Occid. 1: 148 (1797)

= Panicum chartaginense Sw.; Prodr. [O.P.Swartz] 22 (1788)

= Panicum fasciculatum Sw.; Prodr. [O.P.Swartz] 22 (1788)

= Panicum fasciculatum var. carthaginense (Sw.) Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 205 (1877)

= Panicum fasciculatum var. flavescens (Sw.) Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 205 (1877)

= Panicum fasciculatum var. fuscum (Sw.) Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 205 (1877)

= Panicum fasciculatum var. reticulatum (Torr.) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. [Beal] 2: 117 (1896)

= Panicum fasciculatum var. strictum Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 205 (1877) [nomen]

= Panicum fastigiatum Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 277 (1816), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Panicum flavescens Sw.; Prodr. [O.P.Swartz] 23 (1788)

= Panicum fuscatum J.Presl ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 256 (1841), pro syn.

= Panicum fuscorubens Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 171 (1791)

= Panicum fuscum Sw.; Prodr. [O.P.Swartz] 23 (1788)

= Panicum fuscum var. fasciculatum (Sw.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 547 (1864)

= Panicum fuscum var. reticulatum (Torr.) Scribn. & Merr.; Bull. Div. Agrostol. U.S.D.A. 32: 4 (1901)

= Panicum illinoiense Desv.; Opusc. Sci. Phys. Nat. 91 (1831)

= Panicum nigricans Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 310 (1825) [nom. inval., as syn. of]

= Panicum reticulatum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 7: 264 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Panicum reticulatum Torr.; Explor. Red River Louisiana [Marcy] 299 (1852)

= Panicum spithamaeum Willd. ex Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 152 (1829)

= Panicum spithamineum Willd. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 80 (1854), orth. var.

= Panicum thouarsianum Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 62 (1853)

= Urochloa fasciculata (Sw.) R.D.Webster ex Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31: 77 (1992), nom. illeg.

= Urochloa fasciculata var. reticulata (Torr.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 235 (1987)

= Urochloa fusca var. reticulata (Torr.) B.F.Hansen & Wunderlin; Novon 11(3): 368 (2001)

species :

Urochloa fusiformis (Reeder) Veldkamp; Blumea 41(2): 420 (1996)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Palawan (Culion Isl.); Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao); Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

36 CHI 42 LSI MOL NWG PHI PLW

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria fusiformis Reeder; J. Arnold Arbor. 29: 274 (1948)

= Brachiaria fusiformis var. pilicoronata (Ohwi) Jansen; Reinwardtia 2: 236 (1953)

= Brachiaria subquadripara var. setulosa S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(6): 472 (1984)

= Brachiaria villosa var. pilicoronata Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 18: 5 (1947)

species :

Urochloa gilesii (Benth.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 319 (1923)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria gilesii (Benth.) Chase; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 35 (1920), in obs.

= Panicum gilesii Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 7: 477 (1878)

species :

Urochloa glumaris (Trin.) Veldkamp; Blumea 41(2): 420 (1996)

Distribution: Madagascar; Mauritius; ?La Réunion; Seychelles [I]; China (Hainan, Yunnan); Ryukyu Isl.; India (Assam, Uttar Pradesh); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Taninthayi); Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Singapore [I]; Sumatra; Borneo; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Palmas, Bohol, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua, Nomuka, Vava´u, Tafahi, Niuatoputapu); Niue; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); Cook Isl. (Rarotonga, Mangaia, Aitutaki, Ngaputoru Group, Pukapuka); Society Isl. (Tahiti, Raiatea, Huahine, Bora Bora, Maupiti); Austral Isl. (Rimatara, Rapa Iti, Tubuai); Palau (Babeldaob, Koror); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Ulithi, Kapingamarangi, Pohnpei)

29 MAU MDG sey 36 CHI 38 NNS 40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW sng SUL SUM 43 SOL 60 asa NUE NWC sam TON VAN 61 AUI COO SCI 62 GUM MIC PLU

Remarks: native area in the Pacific uncertain

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria ambigua A.Camus; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 7: 433 (1922)

= Brachiaria paspaloides (J.Presl) C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: sub t. 3363, p. 2 (1938), in adnot.

= Panicum ambiguum Trin.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 3(2): 243 (1834), nom. illeg.

= Panicum glumare Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 143 (1826)

= Panicum infidum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 63 (1854)

= Panicum urochloa Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 264 (1841), nom. illeg.

= Urochloa ambigua (A.Camus) Pilg.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 14e: 35 (1940)

= Urochloa glabra Brongn.; Voy. Monde, Phan. [Brongniart] 121 (1832)

= Urochloa paspaloides J.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 318 (1830)

species :

Urochloa holosericea (R.Br.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 239 (1987)

subspecies :

subsp. holosericea

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria holosericea (R.Br.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Panicum holosericeum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 190 (1810)

subspecies :

subsp. velutina R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 240 (1987)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria holosericea subsp. velutina (R.D.Webster) B.K.Simon; Austrobaileya 3(4): 591 (1992)

species :

Urochloa humbertiana (A.Camus) Voronts.; Candollea 77(2): 227 (2022)

Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Isachne humbertiana A.Camus; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 99: 142 (1952)

species :

Urochloa jaliscana (Santana Mich.) Espejo & López-Ferr.; Acta Bot. Mex. 51: 62 (2000)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria jaliscana Santana-Mich.; Bol. Inst. Bot. Univ. Guadalajara 1(3): 184 (1992)

= Panicum jaliscanum (Santana Mich.) Espejo & López-Ferr.; Acta Bot. Mex. 51: 62 (2000)

species :

Urochloa jubata (Fig. & De Not.) Sosef; Fl. Gabon, 5 bis: 64 (1999)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Madagascar; Brazil [I]

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO MLI MTN NGA SEN TOG 23 BUR CAF CMN GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG 29 MDG 84 bra

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria bomaensis Vanderyst; Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 16: 665 (1925)

= Brachiaria brevis Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 519 (1919)

= Brachiaria fulva Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 518 (1919)

= Brachiaria jubata (Fig. & De Not.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 563 (1919)

= Brachiaria soluta Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 519 (1919)

= Panicum jubatum Fig. & De Not.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 14: 331 (1854)

species :

Urochloa kurzii (Hook.f.) T.Q.Nguyen; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 13 (1966)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Thailand; Vietnam; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas; Australia [I] (Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I])

36 CHI 40 BAN IND NEP 41 THA VIE 42 LSI MOL 50 aus

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria kurzii (Hook.f.) A.Camus; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 7: 438 (1922)

= Brachiaria lanceata Ohwi; Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18: 4 (1947)

= Brachiaria lanceata var. timorensis (Ohwi) Jansen; Reinwardtia 2: 237 (1953)

= Brachiaria timorensis Ohwi; Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18: 4 (1947)

= Panicum kurzii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 38 (1896)

= Urochloa kurzii (Hook.f.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 241 (1987), isonym

species :

Urochloa lachnantha (Hochst.) A.M.Torres & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37: 42 (2005)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

24 ERI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria lachnantha (Hochst.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 536 (1919)

= Panicum lachnanthum Hochst.; Flora 38: 195 (1855)

species :

Urochloa lata (Schumach.) C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 112 (1934)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Soqotra; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (W-Yemen); India [I] (Rajasthan [I], Uttar Pradesh [I])

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO MLI MTN NGA SEN TOG 23 CAF CMN 24 CHA ERI ETH SOC SSU SUD 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 ind

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria lata (Schumach.) C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3363 (1938)

= Panicum amplexifolium Hochst.; Flora 38: 194 (1855)

= Panicum hamadense Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 67 (1917)

= Panicum insculptum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 49 (1854)

= Panicum latum Schumach.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 61 (1827)

= Urochloa insculpta (Steud.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 599 (1920)

variant :

var. pubescens (C.E.Hubb.) E.A.Kellogg; PhytoKeys 163: 289 (2020)

Distribution: India [I] (Rajasthan [I])

40 ind

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria lata var. pubescens C.E.Hubb.; Kew Bull. [4]: 125 (1949)

species :

Urochloa leersioides (Hochst.) Torres Gonz. & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37(1): 42 (2005)

Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; NE-Chad (Ennedi); Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique; Saudi Arabia (NE-Saudi Arabia, Asir); Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen)

20 EGY 23 RWA ZAI 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ 35 OMA SAU YEM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria leersioides (Hochst.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 551 (1919)

= Panicum hodjelense Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 67 (1917)

= Panicum leersioides Hochst.; Flora 38: 196 (1855)

= Urochloa leersioides (Hochst.) H.Scholz & Valdés; Willdenowia 36(2): 663 (2006), isonym

species :

Urochloa lorentziana (Mez) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 82 (1992)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Santa Cruz); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)

83 BOL PER 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria lorentziana (Mez) Parodi; Darwiniana 15(1-2): 99 (1969)

= Panicum lorentzianum Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56(Beibl. 125): 1 (1921)

= Panicum velutinosum f. violascens Stuck.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 11: 75 (1904)

= Panicum velutinosum f. viride Stuck.; Anales Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Buenos Aires 11: 75 (1904)

species :

Urochloa megastachya (Nees ex Trin.) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 84 (1992)

Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria megastachya (Nees ex Trin.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 59: 5, f. 2 (1985)

= Panicum megastachyum Nees ex Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 205 (1826)

species :

Urochloa meziana (Hitchc.) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 32(1-4): 68 (1993)

Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria meziana Hitchc.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 140 (1908)

species :

Urochloa mollis (Sw.) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 33(1-4): 85 (1992)

Distribution: New Caledonia [I]; Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Coahuila, Colima, Durango, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix); Aruba; Bonaire; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Arauca, Atlántico, Bolívar, Casanare, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Nariño, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Carabobo, Falcon, Guarico, Lara, Merida, Monagas, Portuguesa, Sucre, Tachira, Zulia); Guyana; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); N-Brazil (Pará); NE-Brazil (Piauí, Ceara, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Bahia)

60 nwc 63 haw 79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ARU BON CUB CUR HIS JAM VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria mollis (Sw.) Parodi; Darwiniana 15: 100 (1969), in adnot.

= Panicum didistichum Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 63 (1917)

= Panicum molle Sw.; Prodr. [O.P.Swartz] 22 (1788)

= Panicum moritzii Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 63 (1917)

= Panicum polytrichum Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 69 (1917)

= Panicum velutinosum Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 121 (1829)

species :

Urochloa mosambicensis (Hack.) Dandy; J. Bot. 69: 54 (1931)

Name: African liverseed grass

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; India [I] (Rajasthan [I], Tamil Nadu [I]); Myanmar (Magway, Mandalay); Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); USA [I] (Texas [I]); Puerto Rico [I]; Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]

23 ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG 40 ind 41 MYA 42 xms 50 aus 77 usa 81 pue 83 bol 85 arg

Remarks: often included in U. trichopus

Synonyms: hidden

= Echinochloa notabilis (Hook.f.) D.Rhind; Grasses Burma 50 (1945)

= Panicum mosambicense Hack.; Bol. Soc. Brot. 6: 140 (1888)

= Panicum notabile Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 32 (1896)

= Urochloa pullulans Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 590 (1920), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Urochloa pullulans var. mosambicensis (Hack.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 592 (1920)

= Urochloa rhodesiensis Stent; Proc. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 32: 26 (1933)

species :

Urochloa multiculma (Andersson) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 87 (1992)

Distribution: Colombia; Galapagos

82 CLM 83 GAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria multiculma (Andersson) Laegaard & Renvoize; Fl. Ecuador 78: 62 (2006)

= Panicum multiculmum Andersson; Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Handl. 1853: 133 (1855)

species :

Urochloa munae (Basappa) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 29 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria munae Basappa; Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Pl. Sci. 93(1): 53 (1984)

species :

Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) T.Q.Nguyen; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 13 (1966)

Name: Malojillo; Pará grass

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Egypt (NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Azores [I] (Faial [I]); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Mauritania [I]; Senegal; Gambia; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast [I]; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Somalia [I]; Tanzania; Angola; Madagascar; ?Mauritius; La Réunion; ?Rodrigues; Seychelles; Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Yemen (W-Yemen); China [I] (Hongkong [I], Fujian [I]); Ryukyu Isl. [I]; Taiwan [I]; Nepal [I]; India [I] (Andhra Pradesh [I], Assam [I], Bihar [I], Delhi [I], Karnataka [I], Kerala [I], Madhya Pradesh [I], Maharashtra [I], Odisha [I], Tamil Nadu [I], Uttar Pradesh [I], West Bengal [I]); Sri Lanka [I]; Bangladesh [I]; Andaman Isl. [I]; Myanmar [I]; Thailand [I]; Cambodia [I]; peninsular Malaysia [I] (Kedah [I], Perak [I], Selangor [I], Johor [I]); Singapore [I]; Borneo [I]; Philippines [I]; Lesser Sunda Isl. [I] (Bali [I], etc.); Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea [I]; Solomon Isl. [I]; New Zealand [I]; Kermadec Isl. [I]; New Caledonia [I]; Rotuma Isl. [I]; Niue [I]; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I], Savai´i [I]); American Samoa [I] (Tutuila [I], Ta´u [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], Aitutaki [I], Mauke [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] ; Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I]); Palau [I] (Babeldaob [I], Koror [I]); Northern Marianas [I] (Saipan [I]); Guam [I]; Hawaii [I] (Midway Isl. [I], Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], Lanai [I], Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Maryland [I], Oregon [I], South Carolina [I], Texas [I]); Mexico [I]; Guatemala [I]; Belize [I]; El Salvador [I]; Honduras [I]; Nicaragua [I]; Costa Rica [I]; Panama [I]; Bahamas [I]; Cuba [I]; Cayman Isl. [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I]); St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; St. Eustatius [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Trinidad [I]; Aruba [I]; Bonaire [I]; Curacao [I]; Colombia [I]; Isla Margarita [I]; Venezuela [I]; Guyana [I]; Surinam [I]; French Guiana [I]; Ecuador [I]; Galapagos [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I] (Chaco [I], Cordoba [I], Corrientes [I], Jujuy [I], Misiones [I], Salta [I])

20 ALG EGY MOR TUN 21 azo mdr 22 BEN BKN GAM GHA ivo LBR MLI mtn NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 BIO CMN CON EQG GAB ZAI 24 CHA som SSU SUD 25 TAN 26 ANG 29 MDG REU SEY 34 LEB SIN 35 YEM 36 chi 38 nns tai 40 ban ind nep srl 41 and cbd mya tha 42 bor lsi mly nwg phi sng xms 43 sol 51 ker nzl 60 asa fij nue nwc rot sam 61 coo mrq sci 62 gum mrn plu 63 haw 73 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 80 blz cos els gua hon nic pan 81 aba aru bah bbd bon cay cub cur dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue ste stk stl stm stv trt ven vir 82 clm frg guy sur ven 83 bol ecu gal per 84 bra 85 arg par

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria mutica (Forssk.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 526 (1919)

= Brachiaria numidiana (Lam.) Henrard; Blumea 3: 434 (1940), in obs.

= Brachiaria purpurascens (Raddi) Henrard; Blumea 3: 434 (1940), in obs.

= Digitaria mauritiana Wall. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 7: 35 (1896), pro syn.

= Panicum amphibium Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 61 (1854)

= Panicum appressum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 20 (1775)

= Panicum barbinode Trin.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Ser. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 1: 256 (1834)

= Panicum equinum Salzm. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 67 (1854)

= Panicum guadaloupense Spreng. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 61 (1853)

= Panicum leiogonum Sieber ex Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 206 (1827), pro syn.

= Panicum limnaeum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 72 (1853)

= Panicum muticum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 20 (1775)

= Panicum numidianum Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 172 (1791)

= Panicum paraguayense Steud. ex Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(1): 189 (1877), pro syn.

= Panicum pictigluma Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 73 (1853)

= Panicum punctulatum Arn. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 62 (1854)

= Panicum purpurascens Raddi; Agrostogr. Bras. [Raddi] 47 (1823)

= Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) R.D.Webster ex Zon; Wageningen Agric. Univ. Pap. 92-1(2): 264 (1992) [comb. superfl.]

species :

Urochloa nana (Stapf) Voronts.; Candollea 77(2): 229 (2022)

Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara, Antsiranana, Mahajanga)

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria nana Stapf; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1919: 264 (1919)

species :

Urochloa nigropedata (Munro ex Ficalho & Hiern) A.M.Torres & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37: 42 (2005)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]

25 KEN TAN 26 ANG 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria melanotyla (Hack.) Henrard; Blumea 3: 436 (1940)

= Brachiaria nigropedata (Ficalho & Hiern) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 535 (1919)

= Panicum melanotylum Hack.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 11: 398 (1890)

= Panicum nigropedatum Munro ex Ficalho & Hiern; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 2: 29 (1781)

species :

Urochloa nilagirica (Bor) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 29 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria nilagirica Bor; Bot. Tidsskr. 67(4): 325 (1973)

species :

Urochloa notochthona Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 319 (1923)

Distribution: Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria notochthona (Domin) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 597 (1920)

= Panicum heteroneuron Mez; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 83 (1921)

= Panicum notochthonum Domin; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 60 (1911)

= Urochloa gilesii var. notochthona (Domin) B.K.Simon; Austrobaileya 8(2): 216 (2010)

species :

Urochloa oblita (Swallen) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 92 (1992)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru

83 ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria oblita (Swallen) Tovar; Revista Ci. (Lima) 74(1): 50 (1986)

= Panicum oblitum Swallen; Phytologia 14: 76 (1966)

species :

Urochloa occidentalis (C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.) B.K.Simon; Austrobaileya 8(2): 215 (2010)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Western Australia)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria occidentalis C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3363 (1938)

= Brachiaria occidentalis var. ciliata C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3363 (1938)

= Urochloa gilesii subsp. occidentalis (C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 238 (1987)

= Urochloa occidentalis var. ciliata (C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.) B.K.Simon; Austrobaileya 8: 216 (2010)

species :

Urochloa oligobrachiata (Pilg.) Kartesz; Synth. N. Amer. Fl., nomencl. innov., Ver. 1: 40 (1999)

Name: Weak signalgrass

Distribution: Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; USA [I] (Florida [I]); Brazil [I]

23 CAF CON ZAI 78 usa 84 bra

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria interstipitata Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 523 (1919)

= Brachiaria oligobrachiata (Pilg.) Henrard; Blumea 3: 436 (1940)

= Brachiaria platyrhachis Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 29: 111 (1922 publ. 1923)

= Brachiaria platytaenia Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 524 (1919)

= Brachiaria vittata Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 525 (1919)

= Panicum interstipitatum A.Chev.; Sudania 1: 190 (1911), nomen

= Panicum oligobrachiatum Pilg.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 50 (1902)

= Panicum platyrhachis Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 29: 111 (1922 publ. 1923), pro syn.

= Urochloa platytaenia (Stapf) Crins; J. Arnold Arbor., Suppl. Ser. 1: 267 (1991)

= Urochloa vittata (Stapf) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31: 103 (1992)

species :

Urochloa oligotricha (Fig. & De Not.) Henrard; Blumea 4: 502 (1941)

Distribution: ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]; India [I]; Australia [I] (Queensland [I])

24 ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 40 ind 50 aus

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria bulawayensis (Hack.) Henrard; Blumea 3: 436 (1940)

= Eriochloa bolbodes (Hochst. ex Steud.) Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2(App. 2): 17 (1894)

= Helopus bolbodes Hochst. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 100 (1854)

= Panicum bolbodes (Hochst. ex Steud.) Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 300 (1867)

= Panicum bulawayense Hack.; Proc. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 7(2): 69 (1908), Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 6: 323

= Panicum oligotrichum Fig. & De Not.; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 14: 333 (1854)

= Urochloa bolbodes (Hochst. ex Steud.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 593 (1920)

species :

Urochloa olivacea Sánchez-Ken; Syst. Bot. 36(3): 622 (2011)

Distribution: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa)

79 MEX

species :

Urochloa ophryodes (Chase) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 32(1-4): 71 (1993)

Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)

79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria ophryodes Chase; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 22: 37 (1920)

species :

Urochloa orthostachys (Mez) K.M.Ibrahim & P.M.Peterson; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 108: 125 (2018)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Niger; Chad; Sudan; Ethiopia

22 BKN MLI MTN NGR SEN 24 CHA ETH SUD

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria hagerupii Hitchc.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 19: 303 (1929)

= Brachiaria orthostachys (Mez) Clayton; Kew Bull. 20: 265 (1966)

= Panicum orthostachys Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 66 (1917)

species :

Urochloa ovalis (Stapf) Zon; Blumea 64(3): 215 (2019)

Distribution: Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Mascat & Oman); Yemen (SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Sind)

24 DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN 35 OMA SAU YEM 40 PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria glauca Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 550 (1919)

= Brachiaria ovalis (R.Br.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 546 (1919)

= Brachiaria somalensis C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1941: 189 (1941)

= Panicum nudiglume var. majus Balf.f.; Bot. Socotra 311 (1888)

= Panicum ovale R.Br.; Voy. Abyss. [Salt], App. 62 (1814), nomen

= Urochloa ovalis (Stapf) Rudov; Frontiers Pl. Sci. (Online journal) 11-546518: 30 (2020), isonym

species :

Urochloa panicoides P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 53, t. 11, f. 1 (1812)

Name: Panic liverseed grass

Distribution: Germany [I]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Chad (incl. Tibesti); Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; St. Helena [I]; St. Helena [I]; Madagascar; Mauritius; La Réunion; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Cyprus (W-Cyprus); Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (SW-Yemen, W-Yemen); China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Hazara, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (South Andamans); Nicobar Isl. (Central Nicobars); Myanmar; Laos; Cambodia; Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], Maryland [I], New Mexico [I], Texas [I]); Mexico [I]; Bolivia [I]; Argentina [I]

11 ger 23 ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES NAM SAF SWZ 28 sth 29 MAU MDG REU 31 rfe 34 CYP 35 OMA YEM 36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 AND CBD LAO MYA NCB 50 aus 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 83 bol 85 arg

Synonyms: hidden

= Echinochloa hirta (B.Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.) Schult.; Mant. 2 [Schultes]: 270 (1824)

= Hemigymnia javanica (Poir.) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: Suppl. 323 (1931)

= Oplismenus hirsutus Schult.; Mant. 2 [Schultes]: 271 (1824)

= Oplismenus hirtus B.Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 484 (1817)

= Oplismenus javanicus (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 891 (1817)

= Panicum borzianum Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 7: 167 (1908)

= Panicum controversum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 60 (1853), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Panicum helopus f. glabrescens K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 101 (1895)

= Panicum helopus Trin.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. [Sprengel] 2: 84 (1821)

= Panicum helopus var. glabrescens (K.Schum.) Stapf; Fl. Cap. [Harvey & auct. succ.] 7: 392 (1899)

= Panicum hirsutum J.Koenig ex Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Roxburgh] 1: 303 (1832), nom. illeg.

= Panicum hirtum (B.Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.) Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 46 (1821), nom. illeg.

= Panicum hochstetterianum A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 369 (1850)

= Panicum javanicum Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 274 (1816)

= Panicum koenigii Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 311 (1824)

= Panicum marathense Henrard; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 43: 2 (1922), in syn.

= Panicum oxycephalum Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 182 (1930)

= Panicum panicoides (P.Beauv.) Hitchc.; J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 9: 551 (1919)

= Panicum rothii Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 310 (1824)

= Panicum setarioides Peter; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 68: 140 (1937), pro syn.

= Panicum trichopus subsp. breviglume Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 19: 419 (1912)

= Panicum trichopus var. glaberrimum Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 19: 419 (1912)

= Panicum trichopus var. trichophorum Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 19: 419 (1912)

= Panicum urochloa Desv.; Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 186 (1831), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Setaria hirsuta (Schult.) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 47 (1829)

= Setaria hirta (B.Heyne ex Roem. & Schult.) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 47 (1829)

= Setaria pilifera Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2): 33 (1827), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Urochloa helopus (Trin.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 595 (1920)

= Urochloa helopus var. hochstetteriana (A.Rich.) Chiov.; Fl. Somala 2: 444 (1932)

= Urochloa javanica (Poir.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 597 (1920)

= Urochloa jinshaicola B.S.Sun & Z.H.Hu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4(2): 142 (1982)

= Urochloa longifolia B.S.Sun & Z.H.Hu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4(2): 140 (1982)

= Urochloa longifolia var. yuanmuensis (B.S.Sun & Z.H.Hu) S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin

= Urochloa marathensis Henrard; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 43: 2 (1922)

= Urochloa marathensis var. velutina Henrard; Meded. Rijks-Herb. 43: 2 (1922)

= Urochloa panicoides var. marathensis (Henrard) Bor; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 373 (1960)

= Urochloa panicoides var. pubescens (Kunth) Bor; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 372 (1960)

= Urochloa panicoides var. velutina (Henrard) Bor; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 372 (1960)

= Urochloa pubescens Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 31 (1829)

= Urochloa ruschii Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 15: 449 (1941)

= Urochloa yuanmouensis B.S.Sun & Z.H.Hu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 4(2): 141 (1982)

species :

Urochloa pauciflora Sánchez-Ken; Syst. Bot. 36(3): 625 (2011)

Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacán)

79 MEX

species :

Urochloa paucispicata (Morong) Morrone & Zuloaga; Darwiniana 31(1-4): 95 (1992)

Distribution: Bolivia (Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Ceara); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central); Argentina (Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Formosa, Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)

83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Acroceras paucispicatum (Morong) Henrard; Blumea 3: 445, in obs. 449 (1940), in obs.

= Brachiaria paucispicata (Morong) Clayton; Kew Bull. 42(2): 401 (1987)

= Panicum paucispicatum Morong; Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 7: 262 (1893)

species :

Urochloa piligera (F.Muell. ex Benth.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 246 (1987)

Name: Wattle signalgrass

Distribution: Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales); USA [I] (Florida [I])

42 MOL NWG 50 AUS 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria piligera (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Brachiaria piligera var. intercedens (Domin) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Brachiaria subquadripara var. piligera (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Reeder; J. Arnold Arbor. 29: 273 (1948)

= Panicum intercedens Domin; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 41: 271 (1912)

= Panicum piligerum F.Muell. ex Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 7: 477 (1878)

species :

Urochloa plantaginea (Link) R.D.Webster; Syst. Bot. 13(4): 607 (1988)

Name: Plantain signalgrass

Distribution: Burkina Faso [I]; Ghana [I]; Cameroon [I]; Congo [Brazzaville] [I]; Madagascar [I]; Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I], Molokai [I], West Maui [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Mississippi [I], New Jersey [I], Pennsylvania [I], South Carolina [I], Texas [I]); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Michoacán, Coahuila, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Sonora, etc.); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Cuba; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; St. Lucia; Trinidad [I]; Colombia (Antioquia); Venezuela (Apure, Carabobo, Cojedes, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Guarico, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira, Zulia); French Guiana; Ecuador; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, La Paz, Pando, Santa Cruz, Tarija); N-Brazil (Pará, Amazonas); NE-Brazil (Maranhao, Bahia, Sergipe); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central); Uruguay (Artigas, Rio Negro, Rivera); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)

22 bkn gha 23 cmn con 29 mdg 63 haw 75 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC 81 CUB HIS PUE STL trt 82 CLM FRG VEN 83 BOL ECU 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 212 (1909)

= Panicum plantagineum Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 206 (1827)

species :

Urochloa platynota (K.Schum.) Pilg.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 14e: 35 (1940)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia

23 RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria platynota (K.Schum.) Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 174 (1932)

= Panicum bifalcigerum Stapf; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 37: 531 (1906)

= Panicum geometra Chiov.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 26: 64 (1919)

= Panicum platynotum K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 101 (1895)

= Urochloa bifalcigera (Stapf) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 588 (1920)

species :

Urochloa platyphylla (Griseb.) R.D.Webster; Syst. Bot. 13(4): 606 (1988)

Name: Broadleaf signalgrass (EN), Breitblättriges Signalgras (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Ryukyu Isl. [I]; USA (S-Arizona, Texas, Oklahoma, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, North Carolina, South Carolina, E-Virginia); Mexico (Colima, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Queretaro); Honduras; Cuba; Colombia; Venezuela (Guarico); Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Ceara); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Central); Uruguay (Artigas); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, La Pampa, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, Tucuman)

11 ger 38 nns 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 HON 81 CUB 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria extensa Chase; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 28: 240 (1929)

= Brachiaria platyphylla (Griseb.) Nash; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 81 (1903)

= Panicum platyphyllum (Griseb.) Munro ex Wright; Fl. Cub. [Sauvalle] 197 (1871)

= Paspalum platyphyllum Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 230 (1866) [nom. illeg., non Schult. 1827]

= Urochloa extensa (Chase) C.Nelson, J.Sutherl. & Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 51: 4 (1998)

species :

Urochloa platyrrhachis C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 112 (1934)

Distribution: Zambia

26 ZAM

species :

Urochloa polyphylla (R.Br.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 248 (1987)

Name: Vielblättriges Signalgras (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)

11 ger 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria polyphylla (R.Br.) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Panicum polyphyllum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 190 (1810)

species :

Urochloa polystachya (Kunth) Mabb.; Mabberley´s Pl.-Book, ed. 4: 1102 (2017)

Name: Malojilla, Caribgrass

Distribution: Sumatra [I]; Java [I]; USA [I] (Florida [I], Mississippi [I], Texas [I]); Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua); Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Cuba; Jamaica; Puerto Rico; Guadeloupe; Trinidad & Tobago [I]; Curacao; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Quindío, Valle); Venezuela (Tachira); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; N-Brazil (Amazonas); NE-Brazil; SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)

42 jaw sum 77 usa 78 usa 79 MEX 80 COS NIC 81 CUB CUR GDL JAM PUE trt 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU PER 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Aglycia coarctata Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 37 (1840), pro syn.

= Alycia coarctata Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 66 (1841), pro syn.

= Eriochloa polystachya Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H.B.K.] 1: 95, t. 31 (1816)

= Eriochloa punctata Hochst. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 101 (1854)

= Eriochloa punctata var. subglabra (Nash) Urb.; Symb. Antill. [Urban] 4: 85 (1903)

= Eriochloa subglabra (Nash) Hitchc.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 208 (1909)

= Helopus polystachyus (Kunth) Trin. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 747 (1841)

= Milium polystachyon (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 251 (1824)

= Monachne subglabra Nash; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 374 (1903)

= Panicum flavescens Sieber ex C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 3: 550 (1845), nom. illeg.

= Paspalum polystachyum (Kunth) Raspail; Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris) 5: 301 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Piptatherum annulatum Raddi; Agrostogr. Bras. [Raddi] 30 (1823)

species :

Urochloa praetervisa (Domin) Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 319 (1923)

Distribution: Australia (Northern Territory, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria praetervisa (Domin) C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 446 (1934)

= Panicum kochii Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 60 (1917)

= Panicum praetervisum Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20(85): 309 (1915)

species :

Urochloa pseudodichotoma (Bosser) Voronts.; Candollea 77(2): 231 (2022)

Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara, Antananarivo, Mahajanga)

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria pseudodichotoma Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 6: 109 (1966)

species :

Urochloa pubigera (Roem. & Schult.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 250 (1987)

Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Penang Isl.); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland)

41 THA 42 JAW LSI MLY NWG 50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria holotricha Ohwi; Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18: 4 (1947)

= Brachiaria pubigera (Roem. & Schult.) S.T.Blake; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 81: 5 (1969)

= Brachiaria ramosa var. grandiflora Hughes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1923: 315 (1923)

= Panicum helopus var. glabrius Benth.; Fl. Austral. [Bentham] 7: 467 (1878)

= Panicum pubescens R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 190 (1810), nom. illeg.

= Panicum pubigerum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 460 (1817)

species :

Urochloa punctata (L.) García-Beltrán & Bécquer; Cat. Plantas de Cuba 1021 (2024)

Name: Canuela (Cuba), Arrocillo (Dominican Republic), Louisiana cupgrass (EN), Punktiertes Bechergras (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Myanmar [I]; Java [I]; Hawaii [I] (Niihau [I], Oahu [I], Molokai [I], West Maui [I]); USA (Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Texas); Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl. (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas, Tortola, Virgin Gorda); Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe; Dominica; Martinique; St. Vincent; Grenada; Barbados; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Bolívar, Casanare, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Santander, Tolima, Valle, Vichada); Venezuela (Amazonas, Anzoategui, Apure, Aragua, Barinas, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Guarico, Lara, Miranda, Monagas, Portuguesa, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, La Paz, Santa Cruz); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul); Paraguay (Amambay, Caaguazu, Central, Concepcion, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes); Uruguay (Artigas); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Formosa, Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)

11 ger 41 mya 42 jaw 63 haw 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA BBD CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE STV TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Synonyms: hidden

= Agrostis decipiens Salzm. ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 101 (1854), pro syn.

= Agrostis punctata (L.) Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 58 (1783)

= Eriochloa kunthii G.Mey.; Prim. Fl. Esseq. 46 (1818)

= Eriochloa polystachya var. punctata (L.) Maiden & Betche; Census N.S.W. Pl. pl. 16 (1916)

= Eriochloa punctata (L.) Ham.; Prodr. Pl. Ind. Occid. [Hamilton] 5 (1825)

= Eriochloa punctata f. intermedia Parodi; Kurtziana 2: 102 (1965)

= Eriochloa punctata var. parodii Herter; Anales Mus. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, Ser. 2, 3: 47 (1929)

= Eriochloa texana Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56(Beibl. 125): 12 (1921)

= Helopus cognatus Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 101 (1854)

= Helopus kunthii (G.Mey.) Trin. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 747 (1841)

= Helopus punctatus (L.) Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 16 (1829)

= Helopus punctatus var. cognatus (Steud.) Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 125 (1877)

= Helopus punctatus var. grandispiculus Döll; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 2(2): 125 (1877)

= Milium punctatum L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 872 (1759)

= Monachne punctata (L.) Nash; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 30: 374 (1903)

= Oedipachne punctata (L.) Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51 (1827)

= Paspalum meyerianum Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 248 (1824)

= Paspalum punctatum (L.) Flüggé; Gram. Monogr., Paspalum 127 (1810)

= Piptatherum flavescens Sieber ex Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 16 (1829), pro syn.

= Piptatherum punctatum (L.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 18: 168, 173, pl. 5, f. 11 (1812)

species :

Urochloa ramosa (L.) Nguyen; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 13 (1966)

Name: Browntop millet

Distribution: Egypt (Nile Valley, SE-Egypt); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha da Boa Vista, Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Mauritania [I]; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast [I]; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Madagascar; Mauritius; La Réunion; Afghanistan; Saudi Arabia (Asir); United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Tihama, W-Yemen); China (Hainan, Yunnan); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, N.W.Frontier Prov., Dir, Swat, Pakistani Punjab, Hazara, Murree, Azad Kashmir); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Daman and Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Mandalay); Thailand; Cambodia; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], Northern Territory [I], Queensland [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], Florida [I], Georgia [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], South Carolina [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Virginia [I]); Peru [I]

20 EGY 21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GNB ivo MLI mtn NGA SEN 23 CMN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MLW ZIM 29 MAU MDG REU 34 AFG 35 OMA SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 AND CBD MYA THA 42 JAW LSI xms 50 aus 77 usa 78 usa 83 per

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria chennaveeraiana Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49: 378 (1983)

= Brachiaria marselinii Gawade & Gavade; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 101: 291 (2004)

= Brachiaria multispiculata H.Scholz; Willdenowia 12: 287 (1982)

= Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 542 (1919)

= Brachiaria regularis var. nidulans (Mez) Täckh.; Bull. Fac. Sci. Egypt. Univ. 17: 432 (1941)

= Echinochloa ramosa (L.) Roberty; Fl. Ouest-Afr. [Roberty] 398 (1954), Roberty in Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 17: 64 (1955)

= Panicum arvense Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 2: t. 109 (1831)

= Panicum bispiculatum Chiov.; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 303 (1908), pro syn.

= Panicum brachylachnum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 62 (1854)

= Panicum breviradiatum Hochst.; Flora 38: 195 (1855)

= Panicum canescens Roth; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 457 (1817)

= Panicum cognatissimum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 69 (1853)

= Panicum crus-galli var. petiveri (Trin.) De Wild. & T.Durand; Ann. Mus. Congo Belge, Bot., Sér. 2, 1(2): 72 (1900)

= Panicum nidulans Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 136 (1904)

= Panicum ozogonum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 68 (1853)

= Panicum pallidum Peter; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., Phys.-Math. Kl., N. F. 13(2): 45 (1928)

= Panicum patens Bojer; Hortus Maurit. 365 (1837) [non L. 1753]

= Panicum petiveri Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 144 (1826)

= Panicum petiveri var. puberulum Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 8: 302 (1908)

= Panicum ramosum L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 29 (1767)

= Panicum sorghum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 58 (1853)

= Panicum supervacuum C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 407 (1888)

= Setaria canescens (Roem. & Schult.) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 47 (1829)

= Urochloa chennaveeraiana (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 28 (1993 publ. 1997)

= Urochloa ramosa (L.) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 251 (1987), isonym

= Urochloa supervacua (C.B.Clarke) Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 56(3): 394 (1999)

variant :

var. pubescens (Basappa & Muniy.) E.A.Kellogg; PhytoKeys 163: 293 (2020)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Rajasthan)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria ramosa var. pubescens Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 380 (1983)

species :

Urochloa remota (Retz.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 29 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: Yemen [I]; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh); Sri Lanka

35 yem 40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria remota (Retz.) Haines; Bot. Bihar Orissa 5: 1005 (1924)

= Brachiaria remota var. lanceolata Davidse; Revis. Handb. Fl. Ceylon [Dassanayake] 8: 93 (1994)

= Panicum relaxatum Nees ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 262 (1841), nomen

= Panicum remotum Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 4: 17 (1786)

species :

Urochloa reptans (L.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 601 (1920)

Name: Sprawling signalgrass, Alpiste cimarrón

Distribution: Egypt (Nile Delta, Nile Valley, NW-coastal Egypt); Togo; Benin; Sudan; South Sudan; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Mauritius; La Réunion; Rodrigues; Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar); Sinai peninsula (N-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (Asir); United Arab Emirates; Yemen (SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Pakistan (Sind, N.W.Frontier Prov., Hazara, Swat, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar (Mandalay, Shan); Cambodia; peninsular Malaysia (Pahan, Johor); Borneo; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Alabat, Mindoro, Palmas, Panay, Guimaras, Cebu, Cagayan de Sulu, Camiguin, Mindanao, Sulu Arch.); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; Christmas Isl. [Austr.] [I]; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Fiji [I]; [Western] Samoa [I] (´Upolu [I]); Cook Isl. [I] (Rarotonga [I], ?Mauke [I]); Marquesas Isl. [I] (Nuku Hiva [I], Hatutaa [I], Eiao [I], Ua Huka [I], Ua Pou [I], Hiva Oa [I], Mohotani [I], Fatu Hiva [I]); Society Isl. [I] (Tahiti [I], Raiatea [I]); Palau (Angaur, Yap); Northern Marianas (Tinian, Saipan, Agrihan); Guam; Hawaii [I] (Oahu [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Florida [I], Louisiana [I], Maryland [I], Texas [I]); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacán, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Michoacán); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Cuba [I]; Jamaica [I]; Hispaniola [I]; Puerto Rico [I]; Virgin Isl. [I] (St. Croix [I], St. John [I], St. Thomas [I]); Anguilla [I]; St. Martin/St. Maarten [I]; St. Kitts [I]; Antigua [I]; Montserrat [I]; Guadeloupe [I]; Dominica [I]; Martinique [I]; St. Lucia [I]; St. Vincent [I]; Grenada [I]; Barbados [I]; Tobago [I]; Curacao [I]; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Córdoba, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Sucre, Tolima); Isla Margarita [I]; Venezuela (Falcon, Monagas, Nueva Esparta, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana [I]; French Guiana [I]; Bolivia (Santa Cruz); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul)

20 EGY 22 BEN TOG 24 SSU SUD 29 COM MAU MDG REU ROD 34 AFG SIN 35 SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN IND NEP PAK SRL 41 AND CBD MYA NCB 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW xms 43 SOL 50 AUS 60 fij NWC sam VAN 61 coo mrq sci 62 GUM MRN PLU 63 haw 77 usa 78 usa 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC 81 aba agu bbd cub cur dom gdl gre his jam mar mts pue stk stl stm stv trt ven vir 82 CLM frg guy VEN 83 BOL 84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria balansae Henrard; Blumea 3: 435 (1940)

= Brachiaria prostrata (Lam.) Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 7: 263 (1857)

= Brachiaria reptans (L.) C.A.Gardner & C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3363 (1938)

= Brachiaria reptans var. hispida Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 380 (1983)

= Digitaria umbrosa (Retz.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 85 (1805)

= Echinochloa reptans (L.) Roberty; Fl. Ouest-Afr. [Roberty] 398 (1954), Roberty in Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 17: 66 (1955)

= Echinochloa subcordata Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 480 (1817)

= Panicum aurelianum Hale ex Alph.Wood; Class-book Bot. (ed. 1861): 787 (1861)

= Panicum barbipedum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 7: 62 (1918)

= Panicum brachythyrsum Peter; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, Math.-Phys. Kl., Ser. 2, 13(2): 45 (1928), in clavi, et in Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 177, et Anh. 30 (1930)

= Panicum caespitosum Sw.; Fl. Ind. Occid. 1: 146 (1797)

= Panicum calaccanzense Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 65 (1854)

= Panicum extensum Desv.; Mém. Soc. Agric. Angers 1: 188 (1831)

= Panicum grossarium L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 871 (1759) [nom. illeg. superfl.]

= Panicum insulare Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 61 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Panicum nilagiricum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 62 (1853)

= Panicum parvum Buse; Pl. Jungh. [Miquel] 373 (1854)

= Panicum patulum Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 64 (1917), nom. illeg.

= Panicum procumbens Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 109 (1829) orth. var.

= Panicum prostratum Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 171 (1791)

= Panicum prostratum var. marquisense F.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 84: 71 (1931)

= Panicum prostratum var. pilosum Eggers; Fl. St. Croix 104 (1879)

= Panicum reptans L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 870 (1759)

= Panicum sieberi Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 207 (1827), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Panicum subcordatum (Roem. & Schult.) Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp. 46 (1821)

= Panicum taitense Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 418 (1854)

= Panicum umbrosum Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 4: 16 (1786)

= Panicum virescens Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 278 (1816), nom. illeg.

= Setaria subcordata (Roem. & Schult.) Kunth; Révis. Gramin. 1: 47 (1829)

= Setaria umbrosa (Retz.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 51 (1812)

= Urochloa reptans var. glabra S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22: 475 (1984)

species :

Urochloa reticulata (Stapf) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 361 (2016)

Distribution: Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 CAF ZAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria reticulata Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 522 (1919)

= Brachiaria nana Vanderyst; Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 10: 244 (1919), in syn.

species :

Urochloa rudis Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 597 (1920)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania

25 KEN TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Panicum gorinii Chiov.; Agric. Colon. 20: 107, in syn. (1926)

= Panicum holtzii Herb. ex Peter; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 40(1): 269 (1930)

= Urochloa gorinii Chiov.; Agric. Colon. 20: 107 (1926)

species :

Urochloa rugulosa (Stapf) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 361 (2016)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Zimbabwe

25 KEN TAN 26 ZAM ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria rugulosa Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 529 (1919)

= Brachiaria umboensis Stent & J.M.Rattray; Proc. & Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 32: 23 (1933)

species :

Urochloa sclerochlaena Chiov.; Webbia 8: 84 (1951)

Distribution: Kenya

25 KEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Urochloa sclerochlaena var. commelinoides Chiov.; Webbia 8: 86 (1951)

species :

Urochloa semiundulata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 30 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; China (Hainan, Yunnan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Daman and Diu, Delhi, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Punjab, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.

23 RWA ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 36 CHI 40 IND SRL 41 AND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria semiundulata (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 556 (1919)

= Panicum semiundulatum Hochst.; Flora 24(1. Intell.): 19 (1841), nomen, et ex Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 49 (1850)

= Panicum villosum Hook.f.; (1896) [non Lam.]

variant :

var. intermedia (Basappa & Muniy.) E.A.Kellogg; PhytoKeys 163: 295 (2020)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria semiundulata var. intermedia Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 380 (1983)

variant :

var. lanata (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 30 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: India (Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria semiundulata var. lanata Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 380 (1983)

species :

Urochloa semiverticillata (Rottler) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 30 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria semiverticillata (Rottler) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: Suppl., 318 (1931)

= Panicum firmiculme Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 65 (1917)

= Panicum petiverii Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 359 (1859)

= Panicum semiverticillatum Rottler; Mat. Med. Hind. [Ainslie], ed. 1: 219 (1813)

species :

Urochloa serrata (Thunb.) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 361 (2016)

Distribution: Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Nigeria; Cameroon; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]

22 BKN GHA IVO MLI NGA TOG 23 CAF CMN ZAI 24 ERI ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW ZAM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria andongensis (Rendle) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 560 (1919)

= Brachiaria brachylopha Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 539 (1919)

= Brachiaria serrata (Thunb.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 537 (1919)

= Brachiaria serrata var. gossypina (T.Durand & Schinz) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 538 (1919)

= Eriochloa purpurascens Hochst.; Flora 24(1 Intell.): 19 (1841)

= Eriochloa purpurascens Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 366 (1850), pro syn.

= Holcus serratus Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 1: 20 (1794)

= Panicum andongense Rendle; Cat. Afr. Pl. [Hiern] 2: 167 (1899)

= Panicum brachylophum (Stapf) A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 724 (1920)

= Panicum gossypinum A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 365 (1850), nom. illeg.

= Panicum nigropedatum var. basipiliferum Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 13: 42 (1914)

= Panicum scopuliferum Trin.; Sp. Gram. [Trinius] 2: t. 165 (1829)

= Panicum serratum (Thunb.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 309 (1824)

= Panicum serratum var. brachylophum (Stapf) A.Chev.; Explor. Bot. Afrique Occ. Franç. 1: 730 (1920)

= Panicum serratum var. gossypinum T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 765 (1894)

= Panicum serratum var. hirtum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 364 (1898)

= Panicum serratum var. holosericeum T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 765 (1894)

= Sorghum serratum (Thunb.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 2: 839 (1817)

= Tricholaena abbreviata K.Schum. ex Engl.; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 58 (1894), nomen

species :

Urochloa serrifolia (Hochst.) Zon; Blumea 64(3): 215 (2019)

Distribution: Mali; Niger; Cameroon; E-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe

22 MLI NGR 23 CMN 24 CHA ERI ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZIM

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria serrifolia (Hochst.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 548 (1919)

= Panicum serrifolium Hochst.; Flora 38: 196 (1855)

species :

Urochloa setigera (Retz.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 598 (1920)

Distribution: Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; China (Guangdong, Hainan); Pakistan (Sind); India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Kerala, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Magway, Yangon); Thailand; Laos

24 ETH 25 KEN TAN 36 CHI 40 BAN IND PAK SRL 41 LAO MYA THA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria setigera (Retz.) C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: sub t. 3363 (1938)

= Echinochloa setigera (Retz.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 53 (1812)

= Oplismenus prostratus Edgew.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 195 (1862), nomen

= Panicum affine Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4: 273 (1816)

= Panicum setigerum Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 4: 15 (1786)

= Urochloa cordata Keng ex S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(6): 472 (1984)

variant :

var. albistyla (Basappa & Muniyamma) Karth.; Fl. Ind. Enum. Monocot. [Karthikeyan et al.] 273 (1989)

Distribution: China; India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Myanmar

36 CHI 40 IND SRL 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria setigera var. albistyla Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 380 (1983)

species :

Urochloa setosa (A.Rich.) García-Beltrán & Bécquer; Cat. Plantas de Cuba 1022 (2024)

subspecies :

subsp. setosa

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Eriochloa filifolia Hitchc.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 12: 207 (1909)

= Eriochloa setosa (A.Rich.) Hitchc.; Man. Grasses W. Ind. 182 (1936)

= Piptatherum setosum A.Rich.; Hist. Fis. Cuba, Bot. 11: 311 (1850)

subspecies :

subsp. ekmanii (Hitchc.) García-Beltrán & Bécquer; Cat. Plantas de Cuba 1022 (2024)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Eriochloa setosa subsp. ekmanii (Hitchc.) Catasús; Fl. Rep. Cuba, Ser. A. Pl. Vasc. 17A: 38 (2012)

= Eriochloa setosa var. ekmanii (Hitchc.) R.B.Shaw; Sida 12(1): 202 (1987)

= Eriochloa ekmanii Hitchc.; Man. Grasses W. Ind. [U.S.D.A. Misc. Publ. No. 243]: 183 (1936)

species :

Urochloa stigmatisata (Mez) K.M.Ibrahim & P.M.Peterson; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 108: 126 (2018)

Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; S-Chad; South Sudan

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 CMN 24 CHA SSU

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria stigmatisata (Mez) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 520 (1919)

= Panicum stigmatisatum Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 140 (1904)

species :

Urochloa stolonifera (Gooss.) Chippind.; Grasses & Pastures S. Africa [Meredith] 381 (1955)

Distribution: Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, N-Cape Prov.)

27 BOT SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria stolonifera Gooss.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 195 (1934)

species :

Urochloa subulifolia (Mez) Torres Gonz. & C.M.Morton; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 37: 42 (2005)

Distribution: Tanzania; Angola; Malawi; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga)

25 TAN 26 ANG MLW 27 SAF

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria filifolia Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 516 (1919)

= Brachiaria subulifolia (Mez) Clayton; Kew Bull. 34: 559 (1980)

= Panicum subulifolium Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 135 (1904)

species :

Urochloa tanimbarensis (Ohwi) Veldkamp; Blumea 41(2): 431 (1996)

Distribution: Lesser Sunda Isl.; Moluccas (Tanimbar)

42 LSI MOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria tanimbarensis Ohwi; Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. 18: 5 (1947)

species :

Urochloa texana (Buckley) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 253 (1987)

Name: Texas signalgrass

Distribution: Australia [I] (Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); USA (Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida); Mexico (Coahuila, Michoacán, Nayarit, Nuevo León, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Zacatecas)

50 aus 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria texana (Buckley) S.T.Blake; Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland 81: 7 (1969)

= Panicum texanum Buckley; Prelim. Rep. Surv. Texas, App. 3 (1866)

species :

Urochloa trichopodioides (Mez & K.Schum.) S.M.Phillips & S.L.Chen; Novon 13(4): 470 (2003)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Panicum euryphyllum Peter; Abh. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., Phys.-Math. Kl., N. F. 13(2): 45 (1928)

= Panicum trichopodioides Mez & K.Schum.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 60 (1917)

species :

Urochloa trichopus (Hochst.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 589 (1920)

Distribution: Senegal; Mali; Burkina Faso; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Qatar; Yemen (SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); India (Uttar Pradesh); Myanmar (Bago, Magway, Mandalay); Solomon Isl. [I]

22 BKN MLI NGA SEN 23 CMN CON 24 CHA ERI ETH SOM SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF 35 QAT SAU YEM 40 IND 41 MYA 43 sol

Synonyms: hidden

= Eriochloa trichopus (Hochst.) Benth.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 89 (1881)

= Eriochloa trichopus var. glabrata Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2(App. 2): 17 (1894)

= Helopus trichopus (Hochst.) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 100 (1854)

= Panicum dorsisetum Hack. ex T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 748 (1894), nomen

= Panicum papillosum Fenzl ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 100 (1854), pro syn.

= Panicum trichopodon A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 369 (1850), nom. illeg. superfl.

= Panicum trichopus Hochst.; Flora 27: 254 (1844)

= Panicum trichopus var. chiovendae Lanza & Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 9: 46 (1910)

= Panicum trichopus var. glabrata Schweinf.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2(App. 2): 17 (1894)

= Panicum trichopus var. lasiostachys A.Chev.; Sudania 1: 34, 146, 159 (1911), nomen

= Urochloa brachyphylla Gilli; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 69: 40 (1966)

= Urochloa engleri Pilg.; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 15: 450 (1941)

species :

Urochloa turbinata (Van der Veken) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 362 (2016)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria turbinata Van der Veken; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 28: 77 (1958)

species :

Urochloa urochlooides (S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin) comb.ined.

Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria urochlooides S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22: 471-472, f. 2 (1984) [´urocoides´]

species :

Urochloa villosa (Lam.) Nguyen; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 14 (1966)

Name: Hairy signalgrass

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl.; Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Chad; Sudan; Djibouti; Uganda; China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Pakistan (Sind); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Darjeeling); Myanmar (Mandalay, Yangon); Thailand; Vietnam; South China Sea Isl.; Palawan (Culion Isl.); Philippines (Luzon, Mindanao); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl.; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); USA [I] (Maryland [I])

21 CVI 22 BEN BKN GAM GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN SIE TOG 23 CMN CON GAB RWA ZAI 24 CHA DJI SUD 25 UGA 36 CHI 38 JAP NNS TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI NWG PHI PLW SCS 78 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria coccosperma (Steud.) Stapf ex Reeder; J. Arnold Arbor. 29: 273 (1948)

= Brachiaria distichophylla (Trin.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 557 (1919)

= Brachiaria villosa (Lam.) A.Camus; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 7: 433 (1922)

= Brachiaria villosa f. glabriglumis (Ohwi) Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 11: 43 (1941)

= Brachiaria villosa var. glabrata S.L.Chen & Y.X.Jin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(6): 472 (1984)

= Brachiaria villosa var. glabriglumis Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 51 (1936)

= Panicum careyanum Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 118 (1829)

= Panicum cartilagineum Nees; Fl. Bras. Enum. Pl. 2: 112 (1829), nom. illeg.

= Panicum coccospermum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 62 (1854)

= Panicum despreauxii Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 58 (1853)

= Panicum distichophyllum Trin.; Gram. Panic. [Trinius] 147 (1826)

= Panicum grossarium Roxb.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 1: 300 (1820)

= Panicum nanum Herb.Royle ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 62 (1854)

= Panicum pauperulum Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 58 (1853)

= Panicum serrulatum Schumach.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 62 (1827)

= Panicum vestitum Nees ex Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. [Steudel] 1: 62 (1853), pro syn.

= Panicum villosum Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 173 (1791)

= Panicum viviparum Schumach.; Beskr. Guin. Pl. [Schumacher] 62 (1827)

= Urochloa villosa f. glabriglumis (Ohwi) Yonek.; J. Jap. Bot. 80(6): 332 (2005)

variant :

var. barbata (Bor) Noltie; Edinburgh J. Bot. 56(3): 395 (1999)

Distribution: Bhutan; India (Uttar Pradesh)

40 BHU IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria villosa var. barbata Bor; Grasses Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan 286 (1960)

= Urochloa villosa var. barbata (Bor) S.K.Jain; Phytotaxonomy (2004), isonym

variant :

var. glaberrima (Basappa & Muniy.) Ashal. & V.J.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 35(1-4): 30 (1993 publ. 1997)

Distribution: India (Meghalaya, Gujarat, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh)

40 IND

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria villosa var. glaberrima Basappa & Muniy.; Proc. Indian Natl. Sci. Acad., B 49(4): 381 (1983)

= Urochloa villosa var. glaberrima (Basappa & Muniy.) S.K.Jain; Phytotaxonomy (2004), isonym

species :

Urochloa whiteana (Domin) R.D.Webster; Austral. Paniceae 254 (1987)

Distribution: Australia (Queensland)

50 AUS

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria whiteana (Domin) C.E.Hubb.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1934: 446 (1934)

= Brachiaria windersii C.E.Hubb.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 34: t. 3363 (1938)

= Panicum whiteanum Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20(85): 305 (1915)

species :

Urochloa wittei (Robyns) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 362 (2016)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]

23 ZAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria wittei Robyns; Bull. Jard. Bot. État Bruxelles 9: 180 (1932)

species :

Urochloa xantholeuca (Schinz) H.Scholz; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia 11: 443 (1990)

Distribution: Mauritania; Senegal; Gambia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Niger; Nigeria; Cameroon; Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal); Eswatini [Swaziland]; Saudi Arabia (Asir)

22 BEN BKN GAM GHA MLI MTN NGA NGR SEN TOG 23 CMN 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG 27 BOT SAF SWZ 35 SAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria anisotricha Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 70 (1917)

= Brachiaria pubifolia Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 549 (1919)

= Brachiaria ukambensis Henrard; Blumea 3: 436 (1940), in obs.

= Brachiaria xantholeuca (Hack.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 541 (1919)

= Panicum anisotrichum Mez; Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin-Dahlem 7: 70 (1917), nom. illeg.

= Panicum distichophylloides Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 137 (1904)

= Panicum pubifolium Mez; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 137 (1904), nom. illeg.

= Panicum xantholeucum Hack.; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 30: 141 (1888)

variant :

var. leucacrantha (K.Schum.) Sosef; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 149(3): 362 (2016)

Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique

23 ZAI 24 ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachiaria leucacrantha (K.Schum.) Stapf; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 9: 540 (1919)

= Panicum leucacranthum K.Schum.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas, C 102 (1895)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
**in total 1,416,144* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

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How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (15)

Genus (849)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
**in total 1,416,144* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]