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Ver. 15.1
March 8th, 2023

453.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate
Species listed in database: 14350; hybrids: 45
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. 2: 3, 38 (1813–1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. Bruxelles 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg.: 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg.: 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl.: 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg.: 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg.: 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot.: 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijksuniv. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book: 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen.: Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl.: 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl.: 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl.: 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
453.2742 Genus Valantia L.; Sp. Pl. 1051 (1753) (Vaillantia auct.)
Distribution: Canary Isl., Mediterranean, W-Asia to Caucasus (1) and N-Iran
Species listed in database: 7
= Meionandra Gauba; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr., 86: 62 (1937)
= Vaillantia Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., ed. nov. 1(2): 274 (1804)
species :
Valantia aprica (Sibth. & Sm.) Tausch; Flora 12: 647 (1829)
Distribution: S-Albania; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete
13 ALB GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apricum Sibth. & Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 90 (1806)
= Valantia aprica (Sibth. & Sm.) Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 2(10): 72 (1849), isonym
= Valantia aristata Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 65 (1846)
= Valantia humifusa Sieber
= Galium apricum var. aristatum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 81 (1875)
= Galium apricum ¿subvar. aristatum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 155 (1889)
species :
Valantia calva Brullo; Bot. Notiser, 132(1): 61 (1979)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Valantia columella (Ehrenb. ex Boiss.) Meikle; Fl. Cyprus, 1: 776, 807 (1977)
Distribution: Cyprus (E-Cyprus, C-Mountains); Egypt (N Egypt)
20 EGY 34 CYP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium columella Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Fl. 3: 81 (1875)
= Galium lanatum (Delile ex Coss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient., Suppl.: 282 (1888)
= Meionandra columella (Ehrenb. ex Boiss.) Gauba; Österr. Bot. Z. 86: 62 (1937)
= Valantia lanata Delile ex Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 12: 278 (1865)
species :
Valantia deltoidea Brullo; Bot. Notiser, 133(1): 63 (1980)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Valantia hispida L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1307 (1759)
Name: Raue Vaillantie (DE); Raspilla enana (ES)
Distribution: Albania; Baleares; Corsica; France; Spain; Gibraltar; Italy; S-Portugal; Sardinia; Sicily; Croatia; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Algeria; Libya; Morocco; Tunisia; Djibouti; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Soqotra; Somalia; Sudan; Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Egypt (N Egypt, SE-Egypt); European Turkey; Iran (S-Iran); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Syria (Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Germany [I]
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KRI SIC TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 24 DJI ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium blepharophoron Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 249 (1818)
= Galium hispidum (L.) Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 109 (1788)
= Valantia filiformis Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(1): 10 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Valantia incrassata Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 78 (1874)
variant :
var. eburnea (Brullo) Hand; Willdenowia 31(2): 394 (2001)
Distribution: Greece; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; Palestine
13 GRC 34 CYP LEB PAL SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Valantia eburnea Brullo; Willdenowia, 20(1-2): 73 (1991)
species :
Valantia lainzii Devesa & Ortega Oliv.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143(3): 333 (2003)
Distribution: S-Spain (Granada)
12 SPA
species :
Valantia muralis L.; Sp. Pl. 1051 (1753)
Name: Mauer-Vaillantie (DE); Wall Valantia (EN)
Distribution: Albania; Baleares; Corsica; France; Spain; Gibraltar; Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Portugal; Sardinia; Sicily; Northern Caucasus; Turkey; Cyprus; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); European Turkey; Israel (coastal W-Israel); Libya; Morocco; Tunisia; Algeria; Germany [I]
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI SIC TUE 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 33 NCS 34 CYP EAI ISR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium vexans Rchb. f. [Rchb., Icon.Fl.Germ.Helv.17: 92 (1855)]
= Valantia aculeata Ten.; Fl. Napol. 4: 33 (1830)
= Valantia glaberrima Gand.; Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 15 (1883)
= Valantia hirta A.Rich.; Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris. 5: 135, 297, t. 11, fig. 2 (1834)
= Valantia muralis var. aculeata (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 155 (1889)
= Valantia pantocsekii Gand.; Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 15 (1883)
= Valantia quadriflora Moench; Methodus: 640 (1794), nom. superfl.
variant :
var. intricata (Lojac.) Brullo; Bot. Not. 132: 64 (1979)
Distribution: Sicily
13 SIC
Synonyms: hidden
= Valantia intricata Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. 2(1): 11 (1903)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 15.1 (March 8th, 2023)

Covering 353,598 accepted species,
8,943 hybrids, 50,327 accepted infraspecific taxa and 959,496 synonyms,
in total 1,372,364* names

[*about 39,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 30 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life