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272.0000 Family Meliaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 263 (1789), nom. cons.
50 genera, ca. 750 spp. Phylogeny following Cole (2020)
Species listed in database: 781; hybrids: 2
= Cedrelaceae R.Br.; Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 595, 596 (1814)
272.1013 Genus Xylocarpus J.Koenig; Naturforscher (Halle) 20: 2 (1784)
Distribution: coastal tropical E-Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar, Mascarenes, Sri Lanka, tropical Asia, Malesia, W-Pacific
Species listed in database: 3
= Granatum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 110 (1891), nom. illeg.
= Monosoma Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 502 (1854)
species :
Xylocarpus granatum J.Koenig; Naturforscher (Halle) 20: 2 (1784)
Distribution: S-Somalia; SE-Kenya; NE-Tanzania; Mozambique; South Africa [I] (KwaZulu-Natal [I]); Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Aldabra (Aldabra Isl.); Seychelles; China (Hainan); India (Andhra Pradesh, Daman & Diu, Goa, Gujarat, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Rakhine, Taninthayi); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (all coasts); Singapore; Sumatera; Borneo; Brunei; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon to Mindanao); Jawa; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (N-Western Australia, Northern Territory, N-Queensland); Vanuatu; New Caledonia (incl. Loyalty Isl.); Rotuma Isl.; Tonga (Tongatapu, Vava´u); Fiji (incl. Vanua Balavu & Lakeba Islands); Palau (Babeldaob, Koror); Fed. States of Micronesia (Yap, Truk, Moen, Dublon, Tol, Fefan, Udot, Pohnpei, Kosrae)
24 SOM 25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 27 saf 29 ALD COM MDG SEY 36 CHI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND CBD MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR BRN JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 FIJ NWC ROT TON VAN 62 MIC PLU
Synonyms: hidden
= Amoora salomoniensis C.DC.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 7: 461 (1886)
= Carapa carnosula (Zoll. & Moritzi) Kurz; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt. 2, Nat. Hist. 39: 72 (1870) [sphalm. carnosa]
= Carapa granatum (J.Koenig) Alston; Handb. Fl. Ceylon 6: Suppl., 45 (1931)
= Carapa indica A.Juss.; Dict. Sci. Nat. [F.Cuvier], éd. 2, 7: 31 (1817)
= Carapa obovata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 1: 179 (1826)
= Granatum obovatum (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 110 (1891)
= Xylocarpus benadirensis Mattei; Boll. Reale Orto Bot. Palermo 7: 99 (1908), et ex Ridl., Kew Bull. 288, descr. ampl. (1938)
= Xylocarpus carnulosus Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 582 (1845)
= Xylocarpus minor Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 289 (1938)
= Xylocarpus obovatus (Blume) A.Juss.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 19: 244 (1830)
= Xylocarpus obovatus var. macrophyllus Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 5: t, 358 (1896)
species :
Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M.Roem.; Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 124 (1846)
Distribution: S-Somalia; SE-Kenya; NE-Tanzania; Mozambique; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Aldabra (Aldabra Isl., Cosmoledo Isl.); India (Odisha, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl., Middle Andaman Isl., South Andaman Isl., Little Andaman Isl.); Nicobar Isl. (Car Nicobar Isl., North Nicobar Isl., Central Nicobar Isl., Great Nicobar Isl., Little Nicobar Isl.); Myanmar (Ayeyarwady, Rakhine, Taninthayi, Yangon); Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (all coasts); Singapore; Sumatera; Borneo; Sulawesi; Jawa; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Australia (coastal: N-Western Australia, Northern Territory, N-Queensland); Tonga (Tongatapu, ´Eua, Vava´u); Vanuatu; Fiji; American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunu´u); [Western] Samoa (Savai´i); Northern Marianas (Tinian, Rota); Guam
24 SOM 25 KEN TAN 26 MOZ 29 ALD COM MDG 40 BAN IND 41 AND CBD MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG SNG SUL SUM 50 AUS 60 ASA FIJ SAM TON VAN 62 GUM MRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Carapa borneensis Becc.; Nelle Foreste di Borneo 574 (1902)
= Carapa mekongensis (Pierre) Pellegr.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 1: 777 (1911)
= Carapa moluccensis Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 621 (1785)
= Carapa moluccensis var. elliptica Koord. & Valeton; Bijdr. Boomsoort. Java 3: 193 (1896)
= Carapa moluccensis var. gangetica Prain; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 2: 292 (1903)
= Carapa moluccensis var. ovalifolia Koord. ex Prain; Rec. Bot. Surv. India 2: 292 (1903)
= Carapa obovata var. microphylla (Pierre) Pellegr.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] Suppl. 719 (1946)
= Granatum moluccense (Lam.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 110 (1891)
= Guarea oblongifolia Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 503 (1854)
= Monosoma littorata Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 502 (1854)
= Xylocarpus australasicus Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 291 (1938)
= Xylocarpus gangeticus (Prain) C.E.Parkinson; Indian Forester 60: 140 (1934)
= Xylocarpus mekongensis Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch., t. 359B. (1895)
= Xylocarpus moluccensis var. ellipticus (Koord. & Valeton) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], 2. Aufl., 19b(1): 84 (1940)
= Xylocarpus moluccensis var. gangeticus (Prain) Craib; Fl. Siam 1: 265 (1926)
= Xylocarpus obovatus var. microphyllus Pierre; Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 5: t. 359 (1897)
= Xylocarpus parvifolius Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 290 (1938)
species :
Xylocarpus rumphii (Kostel.) Mabb.; Malaysian Forester 45(3): 450 (1982)
Distribution: Sri Lanka; Cambodia; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Penang, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Johor); Singapore; Sumatera; Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines (Luzon, Mindoro, Panay, Mindanao); Jawa; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, etc.); Moluccas (Sula Arch.); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch.; Solomon Isl.; Australia (N-Queensland, Torres Strait Isl.); New Caledonia (Loyalty Isl.: Lifou); Vanuatu; Tonga
40 SRL 41 CBD 42 JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL SUM 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 NWC TON VAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Aglaia zollingeri C.DC.; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 579 (1894)
= Carapa rumphii Kostel.; Allg. Med.-Pharm. Fl. 5: (1988)
= Xylocarpus forstenii Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 4: 62 (1869)
= Xylocarpus zollingeri (C.DC.) Koord.; Exkurs.-Fl. Java 2: 444 (1912)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 26.08 (August 2nd, 2026)

Covering 360,349 accepted species,
8,927 hybrids, 47,544 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,011,667 synonyms,
in total 1,428,487* names

[*about 20,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life