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030.0000 Family Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn.; Schul-Bot. 109 (1831)
48 genera, ca. 1350 spp. The family has been split extensively in smaller subgroups, but Smith et al. (2006) and PPG-I argue for keeping them together.
Species listed in database: 1406; hybrids: 68
= Acrostichaceae Mett. ex A.B.Frank; Syn. Pflanzenk., ed. 2, 3: 1458 (1877), nom. rej.
= Actiniopteridaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 17: 5 (1962)
= Adiantaceae Newman; Hist. Brit. Ferns 5 (1840) nom. cons. over Parkeriaceae (1825)
= Anopteraceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Tracheophyta) 51 (2001)
= Antrophyaceae (Link) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16: 11 (1978)
= Ceratopteridaceae Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 6: 65, 78 (1900)
= Cheilanthaceae B.K.Nayar; Taxon 19: 233 (1970)
= Cryptogrammaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 17: 299 (1963)
= Hemionitidaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 21: 487 (1966)
= Negripteridaceae Pic.Serm.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 53: 160 (1946)
= Parkeriaceae Hook.; Exot. Fl. 2: t. 147 (1825), nom. rej. in favor of Adiantaceae
= Platyzomataceae Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, 29: 4 (1950)
= Pteridaceae Reichenb.; Handb. Nat. Pfl.-Syst. 138 (1837)
= Sinopteridaceae Koidz.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 50 (1934)
= Taenitidaceae (C.Presl) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 29: 1 (1974)
= Vittariaceae Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 232 (1940)
030.1001 Genus Acrostichum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1067 (1753)
Distribution: Tropical / warm-temperate worldwide
Species listed in database: 3
= Chrysodium Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 33, 97 (1845) (nom. superfl.)
species :
Acrostichum aureum L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 2: 1069 (1753)]
Name: Coast Leather Fern, Golden leatherfern
Distribution: Senegal; Gambia; Guinea-Bissau; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; Equatorial Guinea (Rio Muni); Gabon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Tanzania; Pemba Isl.; Zanzibar; Angola; SE-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte); Mozambique Channel Isl. [Iles Éparses] (Juan de Nova Isl.); Mauritius; La Réunion; Aldabra (Aldabra Isl., Asuncio Isl.); Seychelles (Coetivy Isl.); ?Oman; China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hongkong, Macao, Yunnan); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; India (?Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.; Myanmar; Thailand (SW-Thailand, C-Thailand, SE-Thailand, peninsular Thailand); Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (all coasts); Singapore; Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Sumbawa, Bali, Flores, Alor, Timor); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Hanover, Admiralty Isl.); Solomon Isl. (Nggatokae); Australia (N-Northern Territory, E-Queensland); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Rotuma Isl.; Tonga (Late Isl., Tongatapu, ´Eua, Vava´u, Tafahi); Niue; Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu, Kadavu, Namuka-i-lau, Taveuni); Wallis & Futuna (´Uvea, Wallis, Alofi); American Samoa (Tutuila, Aunu´u, Ofu, Olosega, Ta´u); [Western] Samoa (Aleipata Isl., Savai´i); Cook Isl. (Mangaia, Atiu, Mitiaro); Society Isl. (Moorea, Tahiti, Maupiti, etc.); Austral Isl. (Rimatara, Rapa Iti, Tubuai); Palau (Babeldaob, Koror, Urukthapel, Angaur); Northern Marianas (Rota Isl., Tinian, Saipan, Pagan, Anatahan); Guam; Fed. States of Micronesia (Sonsorol, Yap, Ulithi, Woleai, Ifalik, Lamotrek, Satawan, Namonuito, Truk, Moen, Dublon, Tol, Uman, Romanum, Lukunor, Satawan, Nukuoro, Pohnpei); USA (Florida); Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Guerrero, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Quintana Roo, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Isla del Coco; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Cayman Isl. (Grand Cayman, Little Cayman); Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Virgin Isl.; Guadeloupe; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenada; +Barbados; Trinidad; Colombia (Antioquia, Atlántico, Bolívar, Cauca, Chocó, Córdoba, Magdalena, Nariño, Sucre, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Carabobo, Delta Amacuro, Falcon, Miranda, Sucre, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Brazil (Alagoas, Amapá, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Maranhão, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Catarina, Sergipe, São Paulo)
22 BEN GAM GHA GNB IVO LBR NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 BIO CMN CON EQG GAB PRI SAO 25 TAN 26 ANG MOZ ZIM 27 SAF 29 ALD COM MAU MCI MDG REU SEY 36 CHI 38 NNS TAI 40 BAN IND SRL 41 AND CBD MYA NCB THA VIE 42 BOR LSI MLY NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 ASA FIJ NUE NWC ROT SAM TON VAN WAL 61 AUI COO SCI 62 GUM MIC MRN PLU 78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COC COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BAH BBD CAY CUB GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR PUE STL TCI TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 ECU GAL PER 84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrostichum aureum f. cristata Hahne; Fern Bull. 12: 118 (1904)
= Acrostichum aureum var. hirsutum (Fée) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 6 (1857)
= Acrostichum aureum var. marginatum (Schkuhr) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 6 (1857)
= Acrostichum aureum var. urvillei (Fée) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 6 (1857)
= Acrostichum cayennense C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 181 (1851)
= Acrostichum crassifolium Wall.; Tent. Pterid. 241 (1836)
= Acrostichum emarginatum Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 480, t. 27 (1844)
= Acrostichum fasciculatum (E.Fourn.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 9 (1905)
= Acrostichum formosum C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 1: 160 (1822)
= Acrostichum guineense Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 305 (1919)
= Acrostichum inaequale Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 117 (1810)
= Acrostichum juglandifolium Kaulf.; Enum. Filic. [Kaulfuss] 65 (1824)
= Acrostichum lagolo Blanco; Fl. Filip. [Blanco] 826 (1837)
= Acrostichum marginatum Schkuhr; Deutschl. Krypt. Gew. 1: 185 (1809), nom. illeg.
= Acrostichum maritimum Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 1: 60 (1836)
= Acrostichum obliquum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 101 (1828)
= Acrostichum rigens C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 180 (1851)
= Acrostichum scalpturatum C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 181 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Acrostichum spectabile Zoll.; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 33 (1854)
= Acrostichum urvillei (Fée) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Ser. 5, 6 [Epim. Bot.]: 181 (1851)
= Acrostichum wightianum C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 241 (1836)
= Aspidium emarginatum Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 235 (1810)
= Chrysodium aureum (L.) Mett.; Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips. 21 (1856)
= Chrysodium cayennense Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 100, t. 59 (1845)
= Chrysodium fasciculatum E.Fourn.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 5, 18: 272 (1873)
= Chrysodium hirsutum Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 99, t. 62, f. 2 (1845)
= Chrysodium inaequale (Willd.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 100 (1845)
= Chrysodium scalpturatum Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 100, t. 61 (1845)
= Chrysodium speciosum Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 101 (1845)
= Chrysodium urvillei Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 100, t. 60 (1845)
= Chrysodium vulgare Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 97 (1845)
= Chrysodium vulgare var. minus Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 97 (1845), nom. nov. for Acrostichum obliquum Blume
= Polystichum emarginatum (Willd.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 91 (1858)
species :
Acrostichum danaeifolium Langsd. & Fisch.; Pl. Voy. Russes Monde, Icon. Fil. 1: 5, plate 1 (1810)
Name: Inland Leather Fern
Distribution: USA (Florida, widespread); Bermuda; Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Tabasco, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; Belize; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Cuba; Cayman Isl. (Grand Cayman); Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico (incl. Mona Isl., Vieques Isl.); Virgin Isl. (St. John, St. Croix, St. Thomas, Tortola); Nevis; Antigua; Montserrat; Guadeloupe (incl. La Désirade); Marie-Galante; Dominica; Martinique; St. Lucia; Grenada; Tobago; Trinidad; Colombia (Amazonas, Antioquia, Bolivar, Chocó, La Guajira, Magdalena, Valle); Venezuela (Delta Amacuro, Falcon, Lara, Portuguesa, Sucre, Trujillo, Zulia); Guyana; Surinam; French Guiana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz); Brazil (Alagoas, Amapá, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Maranhão, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo); Paraguay (Central); Argentina (Chaco, Formosa)
78 USA 79 MEX 80 BLZ COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 ABA BAH BER CAY CUB DOM GDL GRE HIS JAM MAR MTS PUE STK STL TRT VIR 82 CLM FRG GUY SUR VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrostichum danaeifolium f. glabrifolium Domin; Vestn. Ceské Spolecn. Nauk, Tr. Mat.-Prír., n. s. 1929(2): 111 (1929)
= Acrostichum danaeifolium f. incanum Domin; Vestn. Ceské Spolecn. Nauk, Tr. Mat.-Prír., n. s. 1929(2): 111 (1929)
= Acrostichum danaeifolium f. lobatum (A.A.Eaton) M.Broun; Index No. Amer. Ferns: 14 (1938)
= Acrostichum excelsum f. lobatum A.A.Eaton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 464 (1906)
= Acrostichum excelsum Maxon; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 18: 224 (1905)
= Acrostichum lomarioides (Jenman) Jenman; Bull. Bot. Dept., Jamaica, n. s. 5: 154 (1898), nom. illeg., non Bory 1833
= Acrostichum lomarioides f. lobatum (A.A.Eaton) A.A.Eaton; Fern Bull. 16: 82 (1908)
= Chrysodium danaeifolium (Langsd. & Fisch.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 101 (1845)
= Chrysodium lomarioides Jenman; Timehri 4: 314 (1885)
= Chrysodium lomarioides var. hastatum Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 725 (1905)
species :
Acrostichum speciosum Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5: 117 (1810)
Name: Piai Lasa (Malay), Mangrove fern (EN)
Distribution: Madagascar; Comores (Anjouan, Mayotte); ?Mauritius; Seychelles; China (Hainan); ?Sri Lanka; Andaman Isl.; Nicobar Isl.; Thailand (SE-Thailand, peninsular Thailand); Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (all coasts); Singapore; Borneo (Sarawak, Sabah); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (Admiralty Isl.); Solomon Isl. (Choiseul, Guadalcanal, Kolombangara, Malaita, Mono, New Georgia, Ranongga, Rendova, Rennell, Tetepare, Vella Lavella); Australia (Western Australia, N-Northern Territory, E-Queensland, NE-New South Wales); New Caledonia; Vanuatu; Fiji; Palau (Ngreregong, Koror, Angaur); Fed. States of Micronesia (Truk)
29 COM MDG SEY 36 CHI 41 AND NCB THA VIE 42 BOR LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SNG SUL 43 BIS SOL 50 AUS 60 FIJ NWC VAN 62 MIC PLU
Remarks: included in A. aureum by several authors including Flora Malesiana
Conservation Status: IUCN VU for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrostichum aureum var. schmidtii (Christ) C.Chr.; Bot. Tidsskr. 32: 349 (1916)
= Acrostichum aureum var. speciosum (Willd.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 3 (1857)
= Acrostichum calamarium W.Hunter; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 53: 124 (1909)
= Acrostichum fraxinifolium R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 145 (1810)
= Chrysodium aureum var. schmidtii Christ; Bot. Tidsskr. 24: 104 (1901)
= Chrysodium fraxinifolium (R.Br.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 2 (Hist. Acrostich.): 101 (1845)
= Leptochilus raapii Alderw.; Bull. Dépt. Agric. Indes Néerl. 18: 27, t. 8 (1908)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life