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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

330.0000 Family Malvaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 271 (1789), nom. cons.
249 genera, ca. 5400 spp.
Species listed in database: 5476; hybrids: 40
= Berryaceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: xxxvii (2001), Family
= Bombacaceae Kunth; Malvac., Büttner., Tiliac.: 5 (1822), nom. cons.
= Brownlowiaceae Cheek; Kew Bull. 61: 443 (2006)
= Byttneriaceae R.Br.; M. Flinders, Voy. Terra Austral. 2: 540 (1814), nom. cons.
= Chiranthodendraceae A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 22: 303 (1887)
= Dombeyaceae Desf.; Tabl. Ecole Bot., ed. 3: 252 (1829), nom. cons.
= Durionaceae Cheek; Kew Bull. 61: 443 (2006)
= Grewiaceae Doweld & Reveal; Reveal, Bot. Rev (Lancaster) 71: 100 (2005)
= Helicteraceae J.Agardh; Theoria toSyst. Pl.: 264 (1858), Family
= Hermanniaceae Marquis; Esq. Règne Vég.: 52 (1820)
= Hibiscaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 275 (1858)
= Lasiopetalaceae Rchb.; Mag. Aesth. Bot. 1(2): ad t. 37 (1823)
= Mansoniaceae A.Chev.; Just´s Bot. Jahreber. 38(1): 852 (1913)
= Melochiaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 271 (1858)
= Pentapetaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 222 (1820)
= Philippodendraceae A.Juss.; V. V. D. d´Orbigny, Dict. Univ. Hist. Nat. 9: 735 (1847)
= Plagianthaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 272 (1858)
= Sidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 222 (1820)
= Sparrmanniaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 260 (1858)
= Theobromataceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl.: 264 (1858)
= Tiliaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. 289 (1789), nom. cons., Family
330.8465 Genus Althaea L.; Sp. Pl.: 686 (1753)
Distribution: from Western Europe to Northeast Asia, China, and NW-India, Russia (8, from S-European part to E-Siberia). The genus needs probably inclusion into Malva s. lat.
Species listed in database: 9; hybrids: 1
= Ferberia Scop.; Introd. 281 (1777)
species :
Althaea armeniaca Ten.; Index Sem. Hort. Neapol. 1839. 10 (1839)
Name: Armenischer Eibisch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; European Russia; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kabul, Kandahar); USA [I] (South Dakota [I])
11 ger hun slo 14 KRY RUS 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRN TUR 74 usa
Remarks: possibly a hybrid A. officinalis x cannabina
Synonyms: hidden
= Althaea broussonetiifolia Iljin; Kom., Fl. URSS 15: 678 (1949)
= Althaea micrantha Borbás; Magyar Orv. Termész. Nagy Gyül. Tört. Vázl. Munk. 23: 260 (1888), nom. illeg.
= Althaea officinalis subsp. micrantha Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 8 (1984)
= Althaea officinalis subsp. pseudoarmeniaca (Polg.) Kárpáti ex Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 176 (1973)
= Althaea officinalis var. pseudoarmeniaca Polg.; Bot. Közlem. 38: 291 (1941)
species :
Althaea australis W.R.Barker; Fl. S. Austr. 4: 2146 (1986)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Althaea bertramii Post & Beauverd; Dinsm., Pl. Post. & Dinsm. 1: 4 (1932)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Malva bertramii (Post & Beauverd) Soldano, Banfi & Galasso; Atti Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civico Storia Nat. Milano 152(2): 95 (2011)
species :
Althaea cannabina L.; Sp. Pl.: 686 (1753)
Name: Palm-leaf marshmallow (EN), Hanfblättriger Eibisch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Ukraine; Crimea; +Algeria; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria); Pakistan (N. W. Frontier Prov., Chitral); USA [I] (District of Columbia [I])
11 ger HUN SLO 12 ADO FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 40 PAK 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Althaea cannabina subsp. narbonnensis (Pourr. ex Cav.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 128 (1878)
= Althaea cannabina var. brevipedunculata Svent. & Marcet; Marcet, 234 (1947)
= Althaea cannabina var. narbonnensis (Pourr. ex Cav.) Parl.; Fl. Ital. 5: 96 (1873)
= Althaea kotschyi Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 1: 102 (1854)
= Althaea narbonensis Jacq.; Collectanea 2: 275 (1789)
= Althaea narbonnensis Pourr. ex Cav.; Diss. 2: 94 (1786)
species :
Althaea hiri Parsa; Fl. Iran. 8: 250 (1960) et 9: 231 (1961)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Althaea hirsuta L.; Sp. Pl.: 687 (1753)
Name: Rauhaar-Eibisch (DE); Rough Marsh-mallow (EN)
Distribution: Belgium [I]; Luxembourg [I]; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; Turkmenistan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (New York [I], Pennsylvania [I])
11 bgm GER HUN lux SLO swi 12 ADO BAL cis COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 32 TKM 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 72 cdn 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Althaea hispida Moench; Methodus (Moench) 612 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Althaea mutica J.Gay ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 16: 376 (1878)
= Axolopha hirsuta (L.) Alef.; Cestr. Bot. Zeitschr. 12: 259 (1862)
= Dinacrusa hirsuta (L.) G.Krebs; Feddes Repert. 105(5-6): 300 (1994)
= Malva hirsuta (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 6: 244 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Malva hirsuta (L.) F.W.Schultz; 94 (1845)
= Malva setigera K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 886 (1829)
species :
Althaea officinalis L.; Sp. Pl.: 686 (1753)
Name: Echter Eibisch (DE), Common marshmallow (EN)
Distribution: Ireland [I]; Denmark; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Baleares [I]; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; Estonia [I]; Latvia [I]; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria; Tunisia; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Herat, Kabul); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley); China (Beijing [I], Shaanxi [I], Xinjiang, Yunnan [I], Jiangsu [I]); Pakistan [I] (Kurram [I]); NW-India [I] (Kashmir [I], Himachal Pradesh [I]); Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Quebec [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], Connecticut [I], Delaware [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Virginia [I], Wisconsin [I])
10 DEN ire 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX POL SLO swi 12 ADO bal CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 est KRY lat RUS UKR 20 ALG TUN 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 40 ind pak 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Althaea balearica J.J.Rodr.; Fl. Menorca: 24 (1904)
= Althaea kragujevacensis Pancic; Fl. Princ. Serb. 200 (1874), in clavi, et ex Kew Bull. App. 1: 3 (1890) (nomen) ex N. Diklic & Stevan., Proc. Fifth Optima Meeting, Istanbul 1986: 525 (1993)
= Althaea multiflora Rchb. ex Regel; Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1867(Suppl.): 36 (1868)
= Althaea officinalis subsp. indica Baker f.; J. Bot. 28: 141 (1890)
= Althaea officinalis var. laciniata Roth; 297 (1788), nom. inval., et 150 (1793)
= Althaea officinalis var. obtusifolia Vayr.; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 30: 510 (1901)
= Althaea officinalis var. obtusiuscula H.C.Hall ex Lej.; Lej. & Court., Comp. Fl. Belg. 3: 11 (1836)
= Althaea officinalis var. pallida Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 39(I): 548 (1866)
= Althaea officinalis var. rotundifolia Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 639 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Althaea officinalis var. thirkeana Alef.; Landw. Fl.: 113 (1866)
= Althaea pulchra Klotzsch; Bot. Ergeb. Waldem. Reise, 112 (1862)
= Althaea sublobata Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. iii. 530 (1812)
= Althaea villosa Blatt.; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 9: 201 (1930)
= Althaea villosoides Blatt.; J. Ind. Bot. Soc. 9: 202 (1930)
= Malva althaea E.H.L.Krause; Sturm, Fl. Deutschland, ed. 2, 6: 243 (1902)
= Malva althaea F.W.Schultz; 94 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Malva maritima Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 381 (1796), nom. illeg.
= Malva officinalis (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 3: 885 (1829)
species :
Althaea oppenheimii Ulbr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 518 (1915)
Distribution: Iraq
34 IRQ
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Althaea vranjensis Diklic & Nikolic; Glasn. Republ. Zavoda Zastitu Prir. & Prir. Muz. Titogradu 15: 64 (1982)
Distribution: +Serbia; Kosovo
13 KOS SRB
species :
Althaea ×taurinensis DC.; Prodr. 1: 436 (1824)
Name: Turiner Eibisch (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]
11 ger
Remarks: Althaea cannabina x officinalis
Synonyms: hidden
= Althaea micrantha Wiesb.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 28: 71 (1878)
= Althaea officinalis subsp. taurinensis (DC.) Baker f.; J. Bot. 28: 141 (1890)
= Althaea officinalis var. taurinensis (DC.) Mast.; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 1: 319 (1874)
= Althaea ×pavisii Guétrot; Pl. Hybr. France 2: 70 (1927)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life