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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

174.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12074; hybrids: 386
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; J. Sadler, Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Nov.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. 1: 8, 268 (1827)
174.5051 Genus Apera Adans.; Fam. 2: 495 (1763)
Distribution: Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa, east through Asia to Far East
Species listed in database: 5
= Anemagrostis Trin.; Fund. Agrost. 128 (1820)
species :
Apera baytopiana Dogan; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 79, t. 2 (1982)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Apera intermedia Hack.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. (Wien) 20: 430 (1905)
Name: Mittlerer Windhalm (DE); Intermediate Silky-bent (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; European Turkey; Greece; Russian Far East [I] (Primorye [I]); Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
11 ger 13 GRC TUE 31 rfe 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 EAI IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Apera spica-venti subsp. intermedia (Hack.) Hack. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 24: 495 (1909)
species :
Apera interrupta (L.) P.Beauv.; Agrost. 31, 151 (1812)
Name: Unterbrochener Windhalm (DE), Dense silkybent (EN)
Distribution: England; Sweden (Øland, Gotland); Luxembourg; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal [I]; Spain; France; Italy; Croatia; ?Albania; Romania; ?Bulgaria; Greece; E-European Russia; Crimea; Algeria; Tunisia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Afghanistan (Takhar); Australia [I] (Victoria [I]); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Arizona [I], California [I], Colorado [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Utah [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I], Araucanía [I])
10 GRB SWE 11 AUT CZE ger HUN LUX SLO SWI 12 FRA por SPA 13 CRO GRC ITA ROM 14 KRY RUS 20 ALG TUN 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG IRQ TUR 50 aus 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 85 arg cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Agrestis interrupta (L.) Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 4: 289 (1901)
= Agrostis anemagrostis subsp. interrupta (L.) Syme; Engl. Bot. 11: 44 (1873)
= Agrostis anemagrostis Syme; Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3, 11: 43 (1873), nom. illeg. superfl., p. p.
= Agrostis interrupta L.; Syst. Nat (ed. 10) 2: 872 (1759)
= Agrostis spica-venti subsp. interrupta (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 355 (1894)
= Agrostis spica-venti subsp. interrupta (L.) Hook.f.; Student. Fl. Brit. Isl. 432 (1870)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. coarctata Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 45 (1859)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. interrupta (L.) Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 114 (1811)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. interrupta (L.) Hook.f.; Student Fl. Brit. Isl.: 432 (1870), isonym
= Agrostis spica-venti var. interrupta G.Mey.; Chloris Han.: 654 (1836)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. interrupta Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén.: 686 (1837)
= Anemagrostis interrupta (L.) Trin.; Fund. Agrost. 129 (1820)
= Apera interrupta var. humilis Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 209 (1928)
= Apera spica-venti f. pygmaea (Fr.) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 773 (1901)
= Apera spica-venti subsp. interrupta (L.) Husn.; Graminées: 24 (1896)
= Apera spica-venti var. interrupta (L.) Beal; Grasses N. Amer. 2: 357 (1896), isonym
= Apera spica-venti var. interrupta (L.) Moritzi; 53 (1832)
= Cynosurus splendens Ten. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis] 2: 370 (1817)
= Milium interruptum (L.) Lag.; Elench. Pl.: 10 (1816)
= Muhlenbergia interrupta (L.) Steud.; Syn. Pl. Glumac. 1: 177 (1854)
species :
Apera spica-venti (L.) P.Beauv.; Agrost. 31, 151 (1812)
subspecies :
subsp. spica-venti
Name: Gewöhnlicher Windhalm (DE); Loose Silky-Bent (EN)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica [I]; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia [I]; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; ?Algeria; Siberia (Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East [I] (Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Idaho [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Missouri [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Texas [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I])
10 DEN fin GRB nor swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 cis cor FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 MOR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI IRN TUR 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Agraulus anemagrostoides (Trin.) Trin.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 2: 56 (1821)
= Agrostis anemagrostis subsp. spica-venti (L.) Syme; Engl. Bot. 11: 43 (1873), nom. illeg.
= Agrostis anemagrostoides Trin.; Neue Entdeck. Pflanzenk. 2: 56 (1821)
= Agrostis boetica Colla; Herb. Pedem. 6: 18 (1836)
= Agrostis effusa Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 1: 260 (1824), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Agrostis filiformis Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 78 (1787)
= Agrostis gracilis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 25 (1796), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Agrostis purpurea Gaudin; Agrost. Helv. 1: 70 (1811)
= Agrostis spica-venti f. flavida Waisb.; Köszeg Vid. Növ., ed. 2: 10 (1891)
= Agrostis spica-venti f. purpurea (Gaudin) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 254 (1922)
= Agrostis spica-venti f. violacea Waisb.; Köszeg Vid. Növ., ed. 2: 10 (1891)
= Agrostis spica-venti L.; Sp. Pl. 61 (1753)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. biflora Pauquy; Statist. Bot. Somme: 442 (1831)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. diffusa Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr.: 45 (1859), nom. inval.
= Agrostis spica-venti var. gracilis St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 902 (1889)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. lutea Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 71 (1836)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. patula Lej. & Courtois; Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 59 (1828)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. pumila Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 71 (1836)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. purpurea (Gaudin) Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 68 (1830)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. purpurea (Gaudin) Mutel; Fl. Franç. Herbor. 4: 35 (1837)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. pygmaea Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Mant. 3(Add.): 170 (1843)
= Agrostis spica-venti var. virescens Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 71 (1836)
= Agrostis ventosa Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées: 74 (1867), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Anemagrostis spica-venti (L.) Trin.; Fund. Agrost. 129, t. 11 (1820)
= Apera effusa Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 148 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Apera longiseta Klokov; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 12: 51 (1950)
= Apera purpurea (Gaudin) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr.: 31 (1812)
= Apera spica-venti f. flavida (Waisb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 122 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Apera spica-venti f. prorepens (Schur) Serb.; Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 167 (1972)
= Apera spica-venti f. purpurea (Gaudin) Neuman; Sver. Fl.: 773 (1901)
= Apera spica-venti f. purpurea (Gaudin) Serb.; Fl. Republ. Socialist. România 12: 167 (1972)
= Apera spica-venti f. violacea (Waisb.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 122 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Apera spica-venti var. acuta Peterm.; Bot. Excurs. Leipzig: 529 (1846)
= Apera spica-venti var. aurea Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 360 (1926)
= Apera spica-venti var. contracta Podp.; Kvetna Mor. Rakousk. Slezska 6: 360 (1926)
= Apera spica-venti var. glomerata Henrard; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1916: 199 (1916)
= Apera spica-venti var. mucronata Peterm.; Bot. Excurs. Leipzig: 529 (1846)
= Apera spica-venti var. prorepens Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 737 (1866)
= Apera spica-venti var. pseudointerrupta Henrard; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 1916: 199 (1916)
= Apera spica-venti var. purpurascens Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 85 (1838)
= Apera spica-venti var. purpurea (Gaudin) Moritzi; 53 (1832)
= Apera spica-venti var. purpurea (Gaudin) Rouy; G. Rouy & J. Foucaud, Fl. France 14: 72 (1913), isonym
= Apera spica-venti var. purpurea (Gaudin) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 737 (1866)
= Apera spica-venti var. ruderalis Morariu; Lucr. Sti. Inst. Polit. Or. Stalin, Fac. Silvicult. 3: 227 (1957)
= Apera spica-venti var. subbiflora Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, éd. 2: 798 (1861)
= Apera spica-venti var. verticillata Fuckel; 362 (1856)
= Apera spica-venti var. virescens Touss. & Hoschédé; Fl. Vernon: 273 (1898)
= Avena spica-venti (L.) Scop.; Intr. Hist. Nat.: 74 (1777)
= Festuca spica-venti (L.) Raspail; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., ser. 5, 5: 445 (1825)
= Milium spica-venti (L.) Lag.; Elench. Pl.: 10 (1816)
= Muhlenbergia spica-venti (L.) Trin.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, Sér. 6, Sci. Math., Seconde Pt. Sci. Nat. 6(2, Bot.): 285 (1841)
= Trichodium filiforme (Vill.) Spreng.; Pl. Min. Cogn. Pug. 1: 6 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. maritima (Klokov) Tzvelev; Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Leningrad) 1968: 23 (1968)
Distribution: Romania; SE-European Russia; S-Ukraine; Northern Caucasus
13 ROM 14 RUS UKR 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Apera maritima Klokov; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. URSS 12: 50 (1950)
species :
Apera triaristata Dogan; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 81, t. 3 (1982)
Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life