443.0000 Family Campanulaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 163 (1789), nom. cons.

85 genera, ca. 2450 spp.

Species listed in database: 2468; hybrids: 24

443.2429 Genus Campanula L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 163 (1753)

Distribution: temp. Northern Hemisphere, Mediterranean, few montane tropics. The genus is extremely polyphyletic and needs split in almost 20 genera, if inclusion of Phyteuma or Asyneuma should be avoided. Campanula s. str. is equivalent to group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021.

Species listed in database: 434; hybrids: 10

= Annaea Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 94(1): 163 (1979)

= Astrocodon Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 471 (1957)

= Azorina (Watson) Feer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 611 (1890)

= Brachycodon Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 468 (1957) non Progel (1865)

= Brachycodonia Fed. ex Kolak.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 79(1): 120 (1994)

= Cenekia Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 36 (1852), et Bercht. & Opiz, Ökon.-Techn. Fl. Bohm. 2(2): 9 (1839)

= Decaprisma Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 78 (1836)

= Depierrea Anon. ex Schltdl.; Linnaea 16: 374 (1842)

= Diosphaera Feer; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 519 (1894)

= Drymocodon Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Echinocodon Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 121: 387 (1986), nom. illeg.

= Echinocodonia Kolak.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 79(1): 114 (1994)

= Erinia Noul.; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 407 (1837)

= Fedorovia Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 97: 687 (1980), nom. illeg.

= Gadellia Schulkina; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 16: 177 (1979)

= Gaertnera Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 6: 24 (1791), nom. illeg.

= Hayekia Lakušić ex D.Lakušić, Shuka & Eddie; Willdenowia 49(1): 86 (2019)

= Hemisphaera Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 161 (1984)

= Hyssaria Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 103(1): 151 (1981)

= Lacara Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1836)

= Loreia Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 82 (1836)

= Marianthemum Schrank; Denkschr. Bayer. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 2: 34 (1822)

= Medium Opiz; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 2(2): 9 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Megalocalyx (Damboldt) Kolak.; Kolokol´chik. Kavkaza 125 (1991), without basionym or basionym ref.

= Mzymtella Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 103(1): 150 (1981)

= Nenningia Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 68 (1852), et Bercht. & Opiz, Ökon. Techn. Fl. Bohm. 2: 11. 9 (1839)

= Neocodon Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 27 (1984)

= Pentropis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 80 (1836)

= Petkovia Stef.; Jahrb. Univ. Sofia, Land- u. Forstw. Fakul. 14(2): 98-100 (1935-6)

= Popoviocodonia Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 29: 470 (1957)

= Pseudocampanula Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 94(1): 162 (1979), without latin descr.

= Quinquelocularia K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 630 (1859)

= Rapunculus Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Rapuntia Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris, ed. 2, 2: 526 (1836)

= Rotantha Small; Man. S.E. Fl. [Small] 1289 (1933)

= Roucela (L.) Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 14 (1822)

= Sachokiella Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 118(3): 595 (1985)

= Sicyocodon Feer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 613 (1890)

= Sykoraea Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 94 (1852)

= Syncodon Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Talanelis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1836)

= Theodorovia Kolak.; Kolokol´chik. Kavkaza 50 (1991)

= Theodorovia Kolak. ex Ogan.; Fl. Rastitel´nost´ Rastitel´nye Resursy Armen. 38 (1991), nom. nov.

= Tracheliopsis Opiz; Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. [Berchtold et al.] 2(2): 9 (1839), et Seznam 98 (1852)

= Weitenwebera Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 104 (1852), et Bercht. & Opiz, Ökon.-Techn. Fl. Bohm. 2: 11. 9 (1839)

species :

Campanula acutiloba Vatke; Linnaea 38: 709 (1874)

Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: group 04-2 sensu Xu & Hong, to be transferred into Legousia s. l.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cissophylla Boiss. & Hausskn.; Pl. Orient. Nov. (dec. prim.) 2 (1875)

= Campanula cissophylla var. brachycalyx Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 20: 32 (1904)

species :

Campanula adiyamanensis Yıldırım & S.Özcan; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 59(1): 281 (2022)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula adsurgens Leresche & Levier; J. Bot. 17: 199 (1879)

Distribution: NW-Spain (Cordillera Cantabrica, Montes de Leon)

12 SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula arvatica subsp. adsurgens (Leresche & Levier) Damboldt; Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 79: 305 (1966)

species :

Campanula affinis Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 140 (1819)

Distribution: NE-Spain

12 SPA

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula affinis subsp. bolosii (Vayr.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Campanula affinis var. ramosa Marcet; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 48: 92 (1950)

= Campanula bolosii Vayr.; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 8: 451 (1879)

= Campanula martinezii Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 92 (1950)

= Campanula speciosa subsp. affinis (Schult.) Font Quer; Fl. Catalunya 4: 19 (1939)

= Campanula speciosa var. brevifolia Pau; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 48: 92 (1950)

= Campanula speciosa var. stenophylla Marcet; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 48: 92 (1950)

= Campanula vayredae Leresche & Levier; J. Bot. 17: 199 (1879)

species :

Campanula afganica Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 257 (1875)

Distribution: E-Algeria; Tunisia

20 ALG TUN

Remarks: group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated. Possibly the same as group 14

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula atlantica Coss. & Durieu ex Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 573 (1889), nom. illeg.

= Campanula atlantica var. glabra Bonnet; J. Bot. [Morot] 7: 197 (1893)

= Campanula atlantica var. guergourensis Batt.; Fl. Algérie, Suppl. Phan. 62 (1910)

species :

Campanula afra Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 3: 21 (1801)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; ?Tunisia

20 ALG MOR

Remarks: group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated. Possibly the same as group 14

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula afra var. kremeri (Boiss. & Reut.) Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 46-47: 78 (2009)

= Campanula afra var. leptosiphon (Pau & Sennen) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 26: 217 (1935)

= Campanula afra var. parviflora (Ball) Font Quer; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona, Ser. 3, 25: 342 (1936)

= Campanula dichotoma subsp. afra (Cav.) Maire; Cavanillesia 2: 174 (1930)

= Campanula dichotoma subsp. kremeri (Boiss. & Reut.) Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] 1: 574 (1889)

= Campanula dichotoma var. glabrescens Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 27: 244 (1936)

= Campanula dichotoma var. kebdanensis Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 27: 244 (1936)

= Campanula dichotoma var. parviflora Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 553 (1878)

= Campanula dichotoma var. parviflora Maire & Peltier; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 27: 244 (1936), nom. illeg.

= Campanula dichotoma var. peltieri Maire ex Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 17 (1953), no Latin descr.

= Campanula hirsutissima Sennen & Mauricio; Diagn. Nouv. 297 (1936), nom. illeg.

= Campanula kremeri Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan. 75 (1852)

species :

Campanula aghrica Kit Tan & Sorger; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 528, f. 2C-F (1984)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula aibgica Timukhin & Tuniyev; Turczaninowia 26(1): 51 (2023)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Krasnodar)

33 NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula aizoon Boiss. & Spruner; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 34 (1844)

subspecies :

subsp. aizoon

Distribution: C-Greece (Mt. Giona, Mt. Parnassos)

13 GRC

Remarks: group 07 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

subspecies :

subsp. aizoides (Zaffran ex Greuter) Fed. ex Hartvig; Mountain Fl. Greece [Strid] 2: 373 (1991)

Distribution: S-Greece (Mt. Chelmos); Crete (Lefka Ori)

13 GRC KRI

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula aizoon subsp. aizoides (Zaffran ex Greuter) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973) (nom. inval.)

= Campanula aizoides Zaffran ex Greuter; Florist. Rep. Cretan Area [Greuter] 15 (1972)

= Campanula aizoides Zaffran; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 113: 71 (1966), designat. typi omissa

species :

Campanula ajugifolia Sest. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 732 (1824)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula argaea Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 6: 119 (1859)

= Campanula asperrima Zuccagni; Cent. Observ. Bot. 16 (1806)

species :

Campanula akguelii Altan; Bull. Pure Appl. Sci. B 17: 71 (1998)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula akhdarensis A.G.Mill. & Whitc.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 109 (1983)

Distribution: Oman (Mascat & Oman)

35 OMA

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula aktascii Aytaç & H.Duman; Turk. J. Bot. 37(6): 1056 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula alaskana (A.Gray) W.Wight ex J.P.Anderson; Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 25: 447 (1918)

Distribution: Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (Yukon, British Columbia, Washington State)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula lasiocarpa subsp. latisepala (Hultén) Hultén; Ark. Bot., a. s. 7(1): 127 (1967 publ. 1968)

= Campanula lasiocarpa var. latisepala Hultén; Fl. Aleutian Isl. 313 (1937)

= Campanula latisepala Hultén; Fl. Alaska & Yukon (Acta Univ. Lund., Ser. 2, 45: No. 1) 1460 (1949)

= Campanula latisepala var. dubia Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund., Ser. 2, 45(1): 1460 (1949)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. alaskana A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer., Suppl. 2(1): 395 (1886)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. hirsuta Macoun; Cat. Canad. Pl. 5: 338 (1890)

species :

Campanula alata Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 178 (1798)

Distribution: S-Portugal; SW-Spain; Algeria; Tunisia

12 POR SPA 20 ALG TUN

Remarks: group 01 sensu Xu & Hong, to be recombined into Musschia or kept in a separate genus closeby

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula primulifolia Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 288 (1804)

= Echinocodon primulifolium (Brot.) Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 121(2): 387 (1986)

species :

Campanula albanica Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 246 (1906)

subspecies :

subsp. albanica

Distribution: Albania; N-Greece

13 ALB GRC

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hellenica (Hayek) Podlech; Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 75: 239 (1962)

= Campanula linifolia f. ramulosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 226 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia f. simplex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 226 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia subsp. albanica (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 537 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia var. albanica (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 226 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. albanica (Witasek) Barina; Phytotaxa 378: 323 (2018)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. hellenica Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 540 (1930)

subspecies :

subsp. sancta (Hayek) Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 85 (1965)

Distribution: N-Greece

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula balcanica subf. simplex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 243 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. sancta Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 540 (1930)

species :

Campanula albertii Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6(1): 83 (1879)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (N-Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula stevenii subsp. albertii (Trautv.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 231 (2002)

= Neocodon albertii (Trautv.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 28 (1984)

species :

Campanula aldanensis Fed. & Karav.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 466 (1957)

Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia)

30 SIB

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula alisan-kilincii Yıldırım & Şenol; Turk. J. Bot. 38(1): 23 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula alliariifolia Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 910 (1798)

subspecies :

subsp. alliariifolia

Name: Lauchblättrige Glockenblume, Raukenblättrige Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia [I]; Baleares [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

11 ger slo 12 bal 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021; trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alliariifolia subsp. ochroleuca Kem.-Nath.; Trudy Tbilissk. Bot. Inst. 2: 136 (1937)

= Campanula alliariifolia var. alpestris Kem.-Nath.; Trudy Tbilissk. Bot. Inst. 2: 136 (1937)

= Campanula alliariifolia var. cordata Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 67 (1879)

= Campanula alliariifolia var. macrophylla (Sims) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 241 (1830)

= Campanula alliariifolia var. rupestris Kem.-Nath.; Trudy Tbilissk. Bot. Inst. 2: 136 (1937)

= Campanula alliariifolia var. silvatica Kem.-Nath.; Trudy Tbilissk. Bot. Inst. 2: 136 (1937)

= Campanula gundelia K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 634 (1850)

= Campanula kirpicznikovii Fed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 379 (1953)

= Campanula lamiifolia Adams; Beitr. Naturk. [Weber & Mohr] 1: 48 (1805)

= Campanula lamiifolia M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 154 (1808), nom. illeg.

= Campanula lamiifolia var. macrophylla (Sims) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 464 (1839)

= Campanula leskovii Fed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 378 (1953)

= Campanula macrophylla Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 912 (1806)

= Campanula makaschvilii E.A.Busch; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 7: 128 (1938)

= Campanula ochroleuca (Kem.-Nath.) Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 15: 10 (1949)

= Campanula ochroleuca var. alpestris (Kem.-Nath.) Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 15: 10 (1949)

= Campanula ochroleuca var. rupestris (Kem.-Nath.) Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 15: 10 (1949)

= Campanula ochroleuca var. silvatica (Kem.-Nath.) Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 15: 10 (1949)

= Medium alliariifolium (Willd.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 9: 557 (1838)

subspecies :

subsp. letschchumensis (Kem.-Nath.) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 286 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula letschchumensis Kem.-Nath.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 15: 11 (1949)

species :

Campanula alpestris All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur. 11 (1773)

Name: Allioni-Glockenblume

Distribution: SE-France; +Monaco; NW-Italy (SW-Alps)

12 FRA MCO 13 ITA

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021, medium subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula allionii Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 22 (1779)

= Campanula nana Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 585 (1785)

= Campanula trilocularis Turra; Fl. Ital. Prodr. 64 (1780)

species :

Campanula alphonsii Wall. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 234 (1830)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu)

40 IND

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alphonsii Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1296 (1829), nomen

species :

Campanula alpina Jacq.; Enum. Stirp. Vindob. 36 (1762)

Name: Alpen-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; S-Poland; Slovakia; NE-Italy; Slovenia; Romania; W-Ukraine

11 AUT GER POL SLO 13 ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021; alpina agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alpina var. albiflora Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 433 (1866)

= Campanula alpina var. calyculata Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 433 (1866)

= Campanula alpina var. frigida Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 433 (1866)

= Campanula alpina var. haynaldii (Szontágh) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 477 (1879)

= Campanula alpina var. multicaulis Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 2: 171 (1851), nom. inval.

= Campanula ciblesii Prodan; Bul. Şti. Acad. Republ. Populare Române, Secţ. Biol. Şti. Agric., Ser. Bot. 9: 323 (1957)

= Campanula haynaldii Szontágh; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 1070 (1863)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. polycaulis Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 330 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Marianthemum alpinum (Jacq.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 48 (1853)

species :

Campanula alsinoides Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 24 (1857)

Distribution: Pakistan (Hazara, Baltistan); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)

40 IND PAK

Remarks: group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated. Possibly the same as group 14

species :

Campanula altaica Ledeb.; Cat. Hort. Dorpat., Suppl. 2: 2 (1824)

Distribution: Romania; C-European Russia; S-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Mongolia

13 ROM 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 37 MON

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rochelii Schur; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 11: 45 (1861)

= Campanula sajanensis Fisch.; Cat. Jard. Pl. Gorenki 52 (1808)

= Campanula stevenii subsp. altaica (Ledeb.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Neocodon altaicus (Ledeb.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 28 (1984)

species :

Campanula amasia Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 435 (1888)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021. Status uncertain

species :

Campanula anchusiflora Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 141 (1806)

Distribution: S-Greece (Idra Isl., E-Argolis)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021; rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rupestris subsp. anchusiflora (Sm.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 525 (1930)

species :

Campanula andina Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 215 (1867)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bayerniana var. andina (Rupr.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 563 (1873)

= Campanula gumbetica Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 914 (1875)

species :

Campanula andrewsii A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 220 (1830)

Distribution: Greece (widespread on C- and E-Peloponnisos, incl. Elafonisi Isl.)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021; rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rupestris subsp. andrewsii (A.DC.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 525 (1930)

= Campanula andrewsii subsp. hirsutula Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 455 (1965)

species :

Campanula antalyensis Ayaşlıgil & Kit Tan; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 42: 71 (1984)

Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula antilibanotica (P.H.Davis) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 11: 39 (1981)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon)

34 LEB

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Tracheliopsis antilibanotica P.H.Davis; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: t. 3498 (1) (1950)

species :

Campanula argentea Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 584 (1785)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula myosotidifolia Boiss.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 392 (1860)

species :

Campanula argyrotricha Wall. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 473 (1839)

Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral, Swat); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Chumbi)

40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula argyrotricha Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 7138 (1832), nomen

species :

Campanula ariana Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 7: 109 (1968)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Kabul, Laghman, Parwan, Takhar)

34 AFG

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula aristata Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 98-99 (1824), et Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1291 (1829)

Distribution: Afghanistan; China (S-Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Baltistan, Deosai); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Nubra, Ladakh)

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula aristata var. longisepala C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48(321): 196 (1929)

= Campanula cylindrica (Pax & K.Hoffm.) Nannf.; Acta Horti Gothob. 5(2): 24, t. 13c (1930)

= Wahlenbergia cylindrica Pax & K.Hoffm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 12: 501 (1922)

species :

Campanula armena Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 256 (1812)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

32 TKM 33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021, thyrsoides-spicata-subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula armena var. serratosepala Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 152 (1906)

= Campanula daralaghezica (Grossh.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 36: 46 (1980)

= Campanula triangularis Parsa; Kew Bull. [3]: 209 (1948)

= Symphyandra armena (Steven) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 367 (1830)

= Symphyandra armena subsp. daralaghezica (Grossh.) Fed.; Fl. Erevana 267 (1972)

= Symphyandra daralaghezica Grossh.; Trudy Azerbajdzansk. Otd. Zakavkazsk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 1: 57 (1933)

species :

Campanula arvatica Lag.; Varied. Ci. 2(4): 40 (1805)

Distribution: NW-Spain (Cordillera Cantabrica)

12 SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula arvatica f. longisepala Losa & P.Monts.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 11: 435 (1954), nom. inval.

= Campanula arvatica f. minorifolia Losa & P.Monts.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 11: 435 (1954), nom. inval.

= Wahlenbergia arvatica (Lag.) Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 2: 593 (1830)

variant :

var. acutangula (Leresche & Levier) Arjona & Fern.Prieto; Doc. Jard. Bot. Atlántico 11: 293 (2014)

Distribution: NW-Spain (Cordillera Cantabrica)

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula acutangula Leresche & Levier; J. Bot. 17: 198 (1879)

species :

Campanula asperuloides (Boiss. & Orph.) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], Nachtr. 1: 319 (1897)

Distribution: S-Greece (mountains of Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula asperuloides subsp. taygetea (Quézel & Contandr.) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 11: 39 (1981)

= Diosphaera asperuloides (Boiss. & Orph.) Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 253 (1894)

= Diosphaera asperuloides var. denudata Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 524 (1894)

= Diosphaera asperuloides var. vestita Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 524 (1894)

= Trachelium asperuloides Boiss. & Orph.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 117 (1856)

= Trachelium taygeteum Quézel & Contandr.; Naturalia Monspel., Sér. Bot. 16: 141 (1965), designat. typi omissa

species :

Campanula atlantis Gattef., Maire & Weiller; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 367 (1937)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula aureliana Bogdanović, Rešetnik, Brullo & Shuka; Pl. Syst. Evol. 301(6): 1562, figs. 1-6 (2014)

Distribution: Albania

13 ALB

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula aurita Greene; Pittonia 1: 221 (1888)

Name: Yukon bellflower

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon)

70 ASK CDN 71 CDN

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Astrocodon auritus (Greene) A.P.Khokhr.; Analiz Fl. Kolymskogo Nagor´ya: 122 (1989)

species :

Campanula austroadriatica D.Lakušić & Kovačić; Taxon 62(3): 519 (2013)

Distribution: SE-Croatia; S-Montenegro

13 CRO MNT

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula austroxinjiangensis Y.K.Yang, J.K.Wu & J.Z.Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 30(1): 92-93, f. 1 (1992)

Distribution: China (S-Xinjiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: status uncertain, not listed in Fl. of China

species :

Campanula autraniana Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 115 (1894); et 3: 519 (1895)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula axillaris Boiss. & Balansa; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 109 (1856)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 01 sensu Xu & Hong, to be recombined into Musschia or kept in a separate genus closeby

species :

Campanula baborensis Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 19 (1953)

Distribution: Algeria

20 ALG

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula balfourii Wagner & F.Vierh.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 56: 301 (1906)

Distribution: Soqotra

24 SOC

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula barbata L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 926 (1759)

Name: Bärtige Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: S-Norway; Germany (+Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; France; Italy; Slovenia

10 NOR 11 AUT CZE GER LIE POL SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA SLV

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula barbata f. graziella Pinzaru; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 104 (2012)

= Campanula barbata f. pusilla (Gaudin) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 336 (1915)

= Campanula barbata subsp. strictopedunculata (Hausm.) Hirschm.; Fl. Ital. [Pignatti] 2: 689 (1982)

= Campanula barbata var. cyanea Van Houtte; Hort. Belge 5: 86 (1838)

= Campanula barbata var. firmiana (Vand.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 266 (1841)

= Campanula barbata var. pusilla Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 163 (1828)

= Campanula barbata var. strictopedunculata E.Thomas ex Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 19: 110 (1859)

= Campanula barbata var. uniflora A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 247 (1830)

= Campanula firmiana Vand.; Fasc. Pl. [Vandelli] 9 (1771)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. pogonopetala Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 330 (1854)

= Campanula strictopedunculata (E.Thomas ex Rchb.) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 268 (2010)

= Marianthemum barbatum (L.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 48 (1853)

= Medium barbatum (L.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 9: 555 (1838)

= Sykoraea barbata (L.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 94 (1852)

species :

Campanula baskilensis Behçet; Nordic J. Bot. 36(10)-e01940: 2 (2018)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

species :

Campanula baumgartenii Becker; Fl. Frankfurt 1: 264 (1827)

subspecies :

subsp. baumgartenii

Name: Lanzettblättrige Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz, Hessen); France (Alsace, Vosges)

11 GER 12 FRA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hirta F.W.Schultz; Jahresber. Pollichia 20/21: 81 (1863), nom. illeg.

= Campanula hirta var. cordifolia F.W.Schultz ex Dosch & J.Scriba; Fl. Hessen 314 (1873)

= Campanula hirta var. lancifolia F.W.Schultz; Jahresber. Pollichia 20/21: 81 (1863), nom. inval.

= Campanula hirta var. linearifolia F.W.Schultz; Jahresber. Pollichia 20/21: 177 (1863)

= Campanula hostii subsp. lancifolia (Sagorski & Gus.Schneider) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 99 (1902)

= Campanula lancifolia (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 84 (1902), nom. illeg.

= Campanula lancifolia Dürer & Jean Müll.; Taunusführer 66 (1885), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pusilla var. reniformis (Pers.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 144 (1821)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. lancifolia Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; Fl. Centralkarpath. [Sagorski & Gus.Schneid.] 369 (1891)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. latifolia-alpina Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444 (1866)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. baumgartenii (Becker) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 80 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. lancifolia (Sagorski & Gus.Schneider) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern [Vollmann] 709 (1914)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. baumgartenii (Becker) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. hirta F.W.Schultz ex Dosch; Excurs.-Fl. Hessen 292 (1887), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. lancifolia Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 3, 2: 156 (1826), nom. superfl.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. reniformis Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 188 (1805)

subspecies :

subsp. beckiana (Hayek) Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 122 (1965)

Distribution: Austria; Slovenia

11 AUT 13 SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula beckiana Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2(1): 455 (1912)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. major Neilr.; Fl. Wien 289 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. multiflora Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 448 (1858)

species :

Campanula bayerniana Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 214 (1867)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE 34 IRN

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bayerniana subsp. choziatowskyi (Fomin) Ogan.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66(3): 402 (1981)

= Campanula bayerniana var. trautvetteri Fomin; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6(2): 7 (1902)

= Campanula betulifolia var. glaberrima Parsa; Kew Bull. [3]: 209 (1948)

= Campanula choziatowskyi Fomin; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6(3): 38 (1904)

= Campanula elegantissima Grossh.; Trudy Azerbajdzansk. Otd. Zakavkazsk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 1: 56 (1933)

= Campanula savalanica Fed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 376 (1953)

= Campanula takhtadzhianii Fed.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 374 (1953)

species :

Campanula bellidifolia Adam; Beitr. Naturk. [Weber & Mohr] 1: 47 (1805)

subspecies :

subsp. bellidifolia

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str., group 17 sensu Xu & Hong 2021

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula adami M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 155 (1808)

= Campanula adami Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 265 (1841)

= Campanula ardonensis Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 212 (1867)

= Campanula ardonensis var. kryophila (Rupr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 904 (1875)

= Campanula ardonensis var. latifolia Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 67 (1905)

= Campanula bellidifolia var. longisepala Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 65 (1905)

= Campanula kadargavanica Amirkh. & Komzha; Bot. Issl. Zapov. R.S.F.S.R. 138 (1984)

= Campanula kryophila Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 211 (1867)

= Campanula sosnowskyi Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 13: 109 (1947)

= Campanula tridentata var. ardonensis (Rupr.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 162 (1984)

= Campanula tridentata var. bellidifolia (Adam) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 388 (1876)

= Campanula zeyensis Amirkh. & Tavasiev; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 84(6): 119 (1979)

= Hemisphaera ardonensis (Rupr.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 162 (1984)

= Hemisphaera bellidifolia (Adam) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 163 (1984)

= Hemisphaera kryophila (Rupr.) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 166 (1984)

= Hemisphaera sosnowskyi (Kharadze) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 167 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. besenginica (Fomin) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 223 (2002)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula besenginica Fomin; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6(2): 8 (1904)

= Hemisphaera besenginica (Fomin) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 163 (1984)

species :

Campanula beltranii Pau ex Font Quer; Anuari Junta Ci. Nat. Barcelona 2: 626 (1917)

Distribution: NE-Spain

12 SPA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), medium subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula affinis var. beltranii (Pau ex Font Quer) Font Quer; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sér. Bot. 5(3): 225 (1920)

= Campanula speciosa var. beltranii (Pau ex Font Quer) Font Quer; Fl. Catalunya 4: 19 (1932)

species :

Campanula bergomensis F.Mangili & L.Mangili; Phytotaxa 637(2): 124 (2024)

Name: Bergamo-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: N-Italy (Bergamo around Clusone)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula bertolae Colla; Herb. Pedem. 4: 24 (1835)

Distribution: Italy (SW-Alps, ?Apennines)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bertolae f. rosinae Pinzaru; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 105 (2012)

= Campanula bertolae var. re (Colla) Gola; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, Ser. 2, 60: 237 (1909)

= Campanula macrorhiza subvar. re (Colla) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 150 (1934)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. bertolae (Colla) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 150 (1934)

= Campanula re Colla; Herb. Pedem. 4: 25 (1835)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. bertolae (Colla) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 697 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia subvar. re (Colla) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 163 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. bertolae (Colla) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 561 (1927)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. re (Colla) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 208 (1889)

species :

Campanula betonicifolia Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 141 (1806)

Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula betonicifolia var. byzantina K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 632 (1850)

= Campanula betonicifolia var. micrantha K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 29 (1846)

= Campanula betonicifolia var. multicaulis K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 28 (1846)

= Campanula cariensis A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 459 (1839)

species :

Campanula betulifolia K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 635 (1850)

Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula betulifolia var. exappendiculata Albov; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 116 (1893)

= Campanula denticulata Boiss. & A.Huet; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 107 (1856), nom. illeg.

= Campanula finitima Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 1: 15 (1905)

= Symphyandra finitima (Fomin) Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 151 (1907)

species :

Campanula bipinnatifida P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 78 (1956)

Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong)

species :

Campanula bluemelii Halda; Preslia 61: 321, f. 1 (1989)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

species :

Campanula bohemica Hruby ex Domin & Podp.; Klič Kvĕt. Českoslov. 534 (1928)

subspecies :

subsp. bohemica

Distribution: Czech Republic (Sudetes)

11 CZE

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula corcontica Šourek; Preslia 25: 8 (1953)

= Campanula baumgartenii subsp. bohemica (Hruby) Tacik; Fl. Polska 12: 78 (1971)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. grandiflora Wimm.; Fl. Schles. [Wimmer] 241 (1840)

subspecies :

subsp. gelida (Kovanda) Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12(1): 81 (1977)

Distribution: Czech Republic (Sudetes)

11 CZE

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula gelida Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 3: 408 (1968)

species :

Campanula bononiensis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 165 (1753)

Name: Bologneser Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Bayern [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); USA [I] (Maine [I])

11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR KRY LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 75 usa

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bononiensis f. concolor Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 270 (1846)

= Campanula bononiensis f. tenuiflora (Nyman) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 366 (1966)

= Campanula bononiensis subsp. lychnitis (Hornem.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 470 (1830)

= Campanula bononiensis subsp. obliquifolia (Ten.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 455 (1882)

= Campanula bononiensis subsp. simplex (DC.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 470 (1830)

= Campanula bononiensis subvar. ruthenica (M.Bieb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula bononiensis var. cana Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 208 (1889)

= Campanula bononiensis var. cana Simonk.; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 383 (1887)

= Campanula bononiensis var. concolor Pančić; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien 6: 563 (1856), nom. illeg.

= Campanula bononiensis var. latifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 437 (1866)

= Campanula bononiensis var. lychnitis (Hornem.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 470 (1839)

= Campanula bononiensis var. obliquifolia (Ten.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 470 (1839)

= Campanula bononiensis var. pancicii Niketić; Bot. Serbica 38(2): 212 (2014)

= Campanula bononiensis var. ruthenica (M.Bieb.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 470 (1839), isonym

= Campanula bononiensis var. ruthenica (M.Bieb.) Trevir.; Index Sem. (Breslau) 1818: 2 (1818)

= Campanula bononiensis var. simplex (Lam. ex DC.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 141 (1821)

= Campanula bononiensis var. tauscheri (A.Kern.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 342 (1915)

= Campanula bononiensis var. tenuiflora Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula bononiensis var. thaliana (Wallr.) Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 18 (1836)

= Campanula bononiensis var. thaliana (Wallr.) K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 280 (1844), isonym

= Campanula cana Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 383 (1887), nom. illeg.

= Campanula lychnitis Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 1: 199 (1813)

= Campanula micrantha Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula multiflora A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 271 (1830)

= Campanula obliquifolia Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): XV (1811)

= Campanula petraea Hablitz; Descr. Phys. Taur. 157 (1788), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pyramidata Gilib.; Hist. Pl. Europe 2: 209 (1798)

= Campanula racemosa var. arctiflora Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 332 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula racemosa Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 332 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula ruthenica M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 151 (1808)

= Campanula simplex Lam. ex DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 3: 730 (1805)

= Campanula tenuiflora Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula thaliana var. monostachya Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 86 (1822)

= Campanula thaliana var. polystachya Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 86 (1822)

= Campanula thaliana var. ruthenica (M.Bieb.) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phan. Germ. 1(1): 718 (1827)

= Campanula thaliana var. simplex (Lam. ex DC.) Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 227 (1830)

= Campanula thaliana Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 86 (1822)

= Campanula urticifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 52 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Cenekia simplex (Lam. ex DC.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 36 (1852)

= Drymocodon bononiense (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Rapunculus bononiensis (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 277 (1904)

species :

Campanula bordesiana Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 188 (1929)

Distribution: S-Algeria (Hoggar); S-Libya; N-Chad (Tibesti)

20 ALG LBY 24 CHA

Remarks: group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bordesiana subsp. tibestica Quézel; Mém. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 4: 179 (1958), nom. inval.

= Campanula bordesiana var. minuta Quézel; Mém. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 4: 179 (1958), nom. inval.

species :

Campanula bornmuelleri Nábělek; Spisy Přír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 70: 3 (1926)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), ledebouriana agg.

species :

Campanula bravensis (Bolle) A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 15: 889 (1935)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula jacobaea var. bravensis Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 9: 51 (1861)

species :

Campanula broussonetiana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 104 (1820)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula loeflingii var. maura (Murb.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 188 (1929)

= Campanula loeflingii var. maura Murb.; Contr. Fl. Maroc [Murbeck] 2: 50 (1923)

= Campanula lusitanica f. pallidiflora Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 735 (1934)

= Campanula lusitanica f. tenuis Caball.; Trab. Mus. Nac. Ci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 30: 5 (1935)

= Campanula lusitanica var. broussonetiana (Schult.) Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 356 (1924)

= Campanula vinciflora Pau; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 21: 278 (1921), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula buseri Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 47 (1976)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)

34 LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula tubulosa (Boiss.) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 5: 319 (1897) (non Lam. (1785))

= Diosphaera tubulosa (Boiss.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 338 (1921)

= Tracheliopsis tubulosa (Boiss.) Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 525 (1894)

= Tracheliopsis tubulosa var. berytensis Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 526 (1894)

= Tracheliopsis tubulosa var. libanotica Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 527 (1894)

= Tracheliopsis tubulosa var. taurica Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 526 (1894)

= Trachelium tubulosum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 69 (1849)

species :

Campanula cabezudoi Cano-Maq. & Talavera; Acta Bot. Malac. 32: 254 (2007), nom. nov.

Distribution: S-Spain (Andalucia)

12 SPA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula decumbens var. pseudospecularioides G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53: 301 (1980)

species :

Campanula calaminthifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 585 (1785)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Naxos, Paros); ?East Aegaean Isl. (?Ikaria)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

species :

Campanula calcarata Sommier & Levier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 2: 96 (1895)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

species :

Campanula calcicola W.W.Sm.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 12(59): 196-197 (1920)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

species :

Campanula calycialata V.Randjel. & Zlatković; Fl. Medit. 8: 87 (1998)

Distribution: Serbia

13 SRB

species :

Campanula camptoclada Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 63 (1849)

Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Israel (N-Israel)

34 ISR LEB

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bicolor Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 931 (1875)

species :

Campanula cana Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 101 (1824)

Distribution: China (NW-Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, N-Yunnan); S-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand); Bangladesh; Myanmar; N-Thailand; Laos

36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula aprica Nannf.; Acta Horti Gothob. 5(2): 23, t. 13a (1930)

= Campanula pasumensis C.Marquand; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 48(321): 196-197 (1929)

= Campanula tortuosa C.Y.Wu; Yunnan Trop. Subtrop. Fl. Res. Rep. 1: 62, pl. 27, f. 2 (1965)

= Campanula xylopoda Jeffrey; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 17 (1917)

species :

Campanula candida A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 234 (1830)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Campanula cantabrica Feer; J. Bot. 28: 273 (1890)

Distribution: NW-Spain (Cordillera Cantabrica)

12 SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cantabrica subsp. occidentalis M.Laínz; Mis Contrib. Fl. Asturias 65 (1982)

species :

Campanula carnica Schiede ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 3, 2: 158 (1826)

subspecies :

subsp. carnica

Distribution: Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Romania; Ukraine

11 AUT 13 CRO ITA ROM SLV 14 UKR

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula carnica var. angustifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 442 (1866)

= Campanula carnica var. hirta Gelmi; Prosp. Fl. Trentina 109 (1893)

= Campanula carnica var. latifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 442 (1866)

= Campanula kladniana (Schur) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 39 (1902)

= Campanula linifolia f. angustifrons Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 225 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia f. latifrons Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 225 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia f. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 225 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia f. vestita Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 226 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia Scop.; Annus Hist.-Nat. 2: 47 (1769) (non L. 1759)

= Campanula linifolia subf. angustissima Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 225 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia subf. integrifrons Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 225 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia var. ciliata Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 608 (1911)

= Campanula linifolia var. hirta (Gelmi) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 442 (1911)

= Campanula linifolia var. portae Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 226 (1930)

= Campanula reflexa Hausm. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879), nom. inval.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. kladniana (Schur) Tacik,; Fl. Polska 12: 76 (1971)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. linifolia (Bég.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 81 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. linifolia Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 185 (1903), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. carnica (Schiede ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Posp.; Fl. Oesterr. Küstenl. 2: 683 (1899)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. kladniana Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 443 (1866)

= Rapunculus linifolius E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 262 (1904), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. puberula Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 95 (1965)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula puberula (Podlech) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 268 (2010)

species :

Campanula carpatha Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 252 (1902)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kasos, Karpathos)

34 EAI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula tubulosa var. carpatha (Halácsy) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 523 (1930)

species :

Campanula carpatica Jacq.; Hort. Bot. Vindob. 1: 22 (1770)

Name: Karpaten-Glockenblume (DE), Tussock bellflower (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Poland; Slovakia; Romania; Ukraine; USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Michigan [I])

11 ger POL SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR 75 usa

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula carpatica f. dasycarpa (Schur) Tacik; Fl. Polska 12: 84 (1971)

= Campanula carpatica f. subpilosa (Schur) Tacik; Fl. Polska 12: 84 (1971)

= Campanula carpatica subsp. turbinata (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 482 (1879)

= Campanula carpatica var. dasycarpa Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 440 (1866)

= Campanula carpatica var. grandiflora Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 440 (1866)

= Campanula carpatica var. hemisphaerica Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 440 (1866)

= Campanula carpatica var. hendersonii (Anon.) W.T.Mill.; Cycl. Amer. Hort. [L.H.Bailey] 231 (1900)

= Campanula carpatica var. oreophila Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 440 (1866)

= Campanula carpatica var. pelviformis Anon.; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 54: 509 (1882)

= Campanula carpatica var. subpilosa Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 440 (1866)

= Campanula carpatica var. turbinata (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Anon.; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 45: 171 (1893)

= Campanula cordifolia Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 328 (1854), nom. superfl.

= Campanula dasycarpa Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 440 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula fergusonii A.M.Ferguson; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 76: 557 (1904)

= Campanula hendersonii Anon.; Gard. Chron., n. s. 18: 502 (1882)

= Campanula oreophila Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 441 (1866)

= Campanula pseudocarpatica Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 441 (1866)

= Campanula reniformis Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 441 (1866)

= Campanula turbinata f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 570 (1894)

= Campanula turbinata f. lilacina Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 570 (1894)

= Campanula turbinata f. pelviformis Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 570 (1894)

= Campanula turbinata Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 14 (1854)

= Neocodon carpaticus (Jacq.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 28 (1984)

species :

Campanula cashmeriana Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle], 1: 254, t. 62 (1835)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan, Faryab, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Dir, Chitral, Swat, Hazara); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 IND PAK

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cashmeriana var. evolvulacea (Royle ex A.DC.) C.B.Clarke; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 3: 441 (1881)

= Campanula cashmeriana var. evolvulacea (Royle ex A.DC.) Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 24 (1857)

= Campanula evolvulacea Royle ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 473 (1839)

= Campanula incanescens var. holosericea Korsh.; Izv. Imp. Akad. Nauk, Ser. 5, 4: 426 (1898)

= Campanula incanescens var. mollis Korsh.; Izv. Imp. Akad. Nauk, Ser. 5, 4: 426 (1898)

= Campanula kashmiriana Royle ex Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 24 (1858)

= Campanula ruderalis Aitch. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 174 (1882)

species :

Campanula caucasica M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp. 140 (1798)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), sibirica agg. (near Muehlbergella)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula caucasica var. major K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 637 (1850)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. caucasica (M.Bieb.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 168 (2000)

= Campanula sibirica var. caucasica (M.Bieb.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 61 (1879)

species :

Campanula celsii A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 217 (1830)

Distribution: C-Greece (Attiki, NE-Peloponnisos, Evvoia, Kiklades: Serifos, Sifnos)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula celsii subsp. carystea Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 465 (1965)

= Campanula celsii subsp. parnesia Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 464 (1965)

= Campanula celsii subsp. spathulifolia (Turrill) Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 464 (1965)

= Campanula rupestris subsp. celsii (A.DC.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 525 (1930)

= Campanula rupestris var. spathulifolia Turrill; Kew Bull. [10]: 354 (1955)

= Campanula tomentosa Vent.; Descr. Pl. Nouv., t. 18 (1800), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula cenisia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 1669 (1763)

Name: Mont-Cenis-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; SE-France; N-Italy

11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rosulata Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 326 (1854), nom. superfl.

species :

Campanula cervicaria L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 167 (1753)

Name: Borstige Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan

10 DEN FIN NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula capitata Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 3: 88 (1852), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cephalaria var. cardiophylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 335 (1854)

= Campanula cephalaria var. macrophylla Schloss. ex Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 334 (1854)

= Campanula cephalaria var. ovaliphylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 335 (1854)

= Campanula cephalaria var. polyanthemos Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 334 (1854)

= Campanula cephalaria Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 333 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cerviana Pall.; Reise Russ. Reich. [Pallas] 3: 687 (1776), orth. var.

= Campanula cervicaria var. albiflora Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 435 (1866)

= Campanula cervicaria var. albiflora Syr.; Ill. Fl. Mosk. Gub. 3: 227 (1910), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cervicaria var. capitata Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 435 (1866)

= Campanula cervicaria var. dalmatica (Tausch) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 477 (1879)

= Campanula cervicaria var. lingulata Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 477 (1879)

= Campanula cervicaria var. longifolia Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 477 (1879)

= Campanula cervicaria var. oblongifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 435 (1866)

= Campanula dalmatica Tausch; Flora 10: 246 (1827)

= Campanula echiifolia Rupr.; Fl. Ingr. [Ruprecht] 655 (1860), nom. illeg.

= Campanula echiifolio Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 2: 56 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula glomerata var. cervicaria (L.) Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 127 (1867)

= Campanula ligulata Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 268 (1841), nom. inval.

= Campanula lingulata Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 6: 12 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Campanula longifolia Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 72 (1857), nom. illeg.

= Campanula thaliana var. lyrata Wallr.; Scholion zu Hampe´s Prodr. Fl. Hercyn.: 183 (1840)

= Rapunculus cervicaria (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 277 (1904)

= Syncodon cervicarium (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Weitenwebera cervicaria (L.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 105 (1852)

species :

Campanula cespitosa Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 143 (1771)

Name: Rasen-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: S-Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia (mostly West); W-Croatia (Istria)

11 AUT 13 CRO ITA SLV

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong. The populations in Bergamo have been separated as C. bergomensis

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cespitosa f. austriaca Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1104 (1893)

= Campanula cespitosa f. ramosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 233 (1930)

= Campanula cespitosa f. simplex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 233 (1930)

= Campanula cespitosa subf. austriaca (Beck) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 234 (1930)

= Campanula cespitosa subf. grandiflorens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 234 (1930)

= Campanula cespitosa subf. hirta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 234 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cespitosa var. hirta Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 436 (1911)

= Campanula delicatula Jord. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Campanula glareosa A.Huet ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879)

= Campanula imbricata Hayne ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 284 (1830)

= Campanula minor Honck.; Verz. Gew. Teutschl. 1: 617 (1782), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pusilla var. cespitosa (Scop.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 188 (1805)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. cespitosa (Scop.) Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 103 (1813)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. cespitosa (Scop.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 893 (1798)

= Campanula villanii Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2(1): 208 (1889)

= Decaprisma cespitosa (Scop.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 78 (1837)

species :

Campanula choruhensis Kit Tan & Sorger; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 40: 333, t. 1 (1982)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula chrysosplenifolia Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 9(19): 364-365 (1895)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula leucotricha C.Y.Wu; Yunnan Trop. Subtrop. Fl. Res. Rep. 1: 58, pl. 13, f. 1-4 (1965)

species :

Campanula ciliata Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 256 (1812)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula chinalug Govaerts; World Checkl. Seed Pl. 3(1): 12 (1999), nom. nov. superfl.

= Campanula ciliata var. longifolia Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 204 (1867)

= Campanula ciliata var. pontica Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 118 (1894)

= Campanula hispida Spreng. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 268 (1841), nom. inval.

= Campanula tridentata var. ciliata (Steven) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 387 (1876)

= Hemisphaera ciliata (Steven) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 163 (1984)

species :

Campanula cochleariifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 578 (1785), nom. cons. prop.

Name: Zwerg-Glockenblume (DE), Earleaf bellflower (EN)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz [I], Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Canada [I] (Ontario [I])

11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB 72 cdn

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bellardii All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 108 (1785), nom. rej. prop.

= Campanula bellardii f. hoppeana (Rupr. ex Rchb.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 21: 204 (1914)

= Campanula bellardii var. delpontei (Chabert) Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 183 (1903)

= Campanula bellardii var. hoppeana (Rupr. ex Rchb.) Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 183 (1903)

= Campanula bellardii var. paniculata (Nägeli ex Rchb.) Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 183 (1903)

= Campanula bellardii var. pubescens (F.W.Schmidt) Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 183 (1903)

= Campanula cespitosa subsp. pubescens (F.W.Schmidt) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 453 (1882)

= Campanula cespitosa var. bellardii (All.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 440 (1879)

= Campanula cespitosa var. pubescens (F.W.Schmidt) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 284 (1830)

= Campanula cespitosa var. pusilla (Haenke) Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 2: 838 (1859)

= Campanula cespitosa var. scopoliana Döll; Fl. Baden [Döll] 2: 839 (1859), nom. inval.

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. aberrans Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. altior Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. brachyantha (Murr) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 261 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. compacta (Hegetschw.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. foliosa (Krašan) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. gracilescens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 260 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. gracilis (Nyman) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. grandiflorens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. hoppeaniformis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 262 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. incisoserrata Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 263 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. macedonica Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 263 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. mathonetii (Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. multiflorens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 262 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. polyphylla Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 262 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. pubescens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 262 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. pulchella (Gren. & Godr.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. pygmaea Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 262 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. reflexa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. rosulata Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 263 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subf. tyrolensis (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. anagalloides Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 156 (1934)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. brachyantha (Murr) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 351 (1915)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. brachyantha (Murr) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 266 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. delpontei (Chabert) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 615 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. densa (Gsaller) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 618 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. elongata Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 158 (1934)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. hauryi (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. hoppeana (Rupr. ex Rchb.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. incisoserrata (Chenevard) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 351 (1915)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. javorkae Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. mathonetii (Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. modesta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. multiflorens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. pseudomodesta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 156 (1934)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. pulchella Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. ramulosa Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 620 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. subcaespitosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 268 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. subramulosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 260 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. tenella (Jord.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. tubulosa (Chabert) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 615 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. tyrolensis (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 618 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. umbrosa (J.Hofm.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 618 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. venusta (Schur) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 265 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia f. veronicae Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 258 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subsp. croatica Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 260 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subsp. reflexa (Schur) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 264 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subsp. septentrionalis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 238 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. bellardii (All.) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(1): 351 (1916)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. brachyantha (Murr) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 445 (1912)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. brachyantha (Murr) Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 3(1): 304 (1924), isonym

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. descensa (Beck) Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 48 (1916)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. foliosa (Krašan) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 444 (1912)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. foudrasii (Jord.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 619 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. gracilis (Jord.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 351 (1915)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. gracilis (Nyman) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 619 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. hauryi (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6(1): 351 (1916)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. hoppeana (Rupr. ex Rchb.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 615 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. mathonetii (Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 617 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. paniculata (Nägeli ex Rchb.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 445 (1912)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. pirinica (Velen.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 536 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. pubescens (F.W.Schmidt) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 445 (1912)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. pubescens (F.W.Schmidt) Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 3(1): 304 (1924)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. pulchella (Gren. & Godr.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 616 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. renatii (Sennen) P.Monts.; Aport. Conoc. Fl. Andorra 120 (1951)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. subacaulis (Murr) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 259 (1930)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. subramulosa (Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 618 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. tenella (Jord.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 351 (1915), isonym

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. tenella (Jord.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 909 (1939), isonym

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. tenella (Jord.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 616 (1911)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. umbrosa (J.Hofm.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 444 (1912)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. vagans (J.Hofm.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 445 (1912)

= Campanula compacta Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 232 (1839)

= Campanula diversifolia var. pusilla (Haenke) Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827)

= Campanula foudrasii Jord.; Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci., Sér. 2, 1: 335 (1851)

= Campanula glacialis Shuttlew.; Mag. Zool. Bot. 2: 188 (1838)

= Campanula gracilis Jord.; Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci., n. s. 1: 333 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Campanula hauryi Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 10 (1854)

= Campanula hochstetteri Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 12 (1854)

= Campanula leucanthemifolia Pourr.; Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 309 (1788)

= Campanula mathonetii Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 418 (1853)

= Campanula minutissima Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)

= Campanula mixta Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 231 (1839)

= Campanula modesta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 13 (1854)

= Campanula notata Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 13 (1854)

= Campanula parvula Jord.; Mém. Acad. Natl. Sci. Lyon, Cl. Sci., Sér. 2, 1: 334 (1851)

= Campanula perneglecta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 11 (1854)

= Campanula pubescens F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm., Cent. 2: 67 (1793 publ. 1794)

= Campanula pubescens Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 232 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pulchella Jord.; Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci., n. s. 1: 337 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pumila Sims; Bot. Mag. 15: t. 512 (1801), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pusilla f. albiflora Hadač; Rastlin. Kotl. Siedmich Pramenov Belanských Tatrách 99 (1960)

= Campanula pusilla f. densa Gsaller; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 20: 287 (1870)

= Campanula pusilla f. hauryi (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hayek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 4(2): 129 (1907)

= Campanula pusilla f. hirciana Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 57: 94 (1881)

= Campanula pusilla f. imbricata Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 57: 93 (1881)

= Campanula pusilla f. umbrosa J.Hofm.; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 2: 193 (1852)

= Campanula pusilla f. vagans J.Hofm.; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 2: 194 (1852)

= Campanula pusilla Haenke; Collectanea [Jacquin] 2: 79 (1789)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. caespitosa Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. notata (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. tenella (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 76 (1908)

= Campanula pusilla var. bellardii (All.) DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 432 (1815)

= Campanula pusilla var. brachyantha Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 151 (1899)

= Campanula pusilla var. calycina Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 292 (1868)

= Campanula pusilla var. delpontei Chabert; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 148 (1895)

= Campanula pusilla var. descensa Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1104 (1893)

= Campanula pusilla var. foliosa Krašan; Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 30: 252 (1894)

= Campanula pusilla var. foudrasii (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. foudrasii (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 75 (1908)

= Campanula pusilla var. gracilis Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. gracilis St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 550 (1889)

= Campanula pusilla var. hochstetteri (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. hoppeana Rupr. ex Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 19: 117 (1859)

= Campanula pusilla var. leucanthemifolia (Pourr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. mathonetii (Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. minutissima Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4(Anh.): 47 (1853)

= Campanula pusilla var. modesta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. notata (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Wohlf.; Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand]: 1266 (1893)

= Campanula pusilla var. paniculata Nägeli ex Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 19: 117 (1859)

= Campanula pusilla var. parvula (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. parvula (Jord.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 75 (1908)

= Campanula pusilla var. perinica Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 1910(8): 9 (1911)

= Campanula pusilla var. pinguis Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 417 (1853)

= Campanula pusilla var. pirinica Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 1910(8): 9 (1910 publ. 1911)

= Campanula pusilla var. pubescens (F.W.Schmidt) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 269 (1841), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pusilla var. pubescens DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3, Suppl. 432 (1815)

= Campanula pusilla var. pulchella Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 417 (1853)

= Campanula pusilla var. reflexa (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. subacaulis Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 151 (1899)

= Campanula pusilla var. subramulosa (Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.) Cariot & St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 551 (1889)

= Campanula pusilla var. tenella (Jord.) Cariot & St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 551 (1889)

= Campanula pusilla var. tubulosa Chabert; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 147 (1895)

= Campanula pusilla var. tyrolensis (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. umbrosa (J.Hofm.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1104 (1893)

= Campanula pusilla var. venusta (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla var. veronicifolia Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 21 (1936)

= Campanula reflexa Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)

= Campanula renatii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 21 (1936)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pusilla (Haenke) Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 103 (1813)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. cochleariifolia (Lam.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 563 (1927)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. hauryi (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pusilla (Haenke) Merrem; Handb. Pflanzenk. [Merrem] 88 (1809), isonym

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pusilla (Haenke) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 892 (1798)

= Campanula stolonifera Mignot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 12: 342 (1865)

= Campanula subramulosa Jord. ex Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 418 (1853)

= Campanula tenella Jord.; Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci., Ser. 2, 1: 336 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Campanula tyrolensis Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 12 (1854)

= Campanula venusta Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 442 (1866)

= Rapunculus pusillus (Haenke) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 276 (1904)

species :

Campanula cochleromena Gardère; Candollea 76(1): 35 (2021)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Sao Nicolau)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula collina Sims; Bot. Mag. t. 927 (1806)

subspecies :

subsp. collina

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula annae Kolak.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 16: 55 (1951)

= Campanula collina subsp. gapschimensis Husseinov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 55: 1500 (1970)

= Campanula collina var. dasycarpa K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 643 (1850)

= Campanula collina var. eriocalyx Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 65 (1879)

= Campanula collina var. grandiflora Vatke; Linnaea 38: 708 (1874)

= Campanula collina var. leiocalyx Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 65 (1879)

= Campanula collina var. leiocarpa K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 643 (1850)

= Campanula collina var. major M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 152 (1808)

= Campanula collina var. pumila M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 152 (1808)

= Campanula galushkoi Prima; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 59: 369 (1974)

= Campanula nefedovii Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 268 (1971)

subspecies :

subsp. fondervisii (Albov) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 289 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula collina var. fondervisii (Albov) Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic. 155 (1895)

= Campanula fondervisii Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 117 (1894)

= Campanula irinae A.I.Kuth.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 17: 96 (1953)

= Campanula migarica Schischk.; Trudy Azerbajdzhansk. Otd. Zakavkazsk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 1: 49 (1933)

subspecies :

subsp. sphaerocarpa (Kolak.) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 288 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula albovii Kolak.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 16: 54 (1951)

= Campanula collina var. abchasica Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 118 (1894)

= Campanula kluchorica Kolak.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 16: 56 (1951)

= Campanula schistosa Kolak.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 16: 58 (1951)

= Campanula schistosa var. uniflora Kolak.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 16: 58 (1951)

= Campanula sphaerocarpa Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 8: 237 (1947)

= Campanula sphaerocarpa var. grandiflora Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 8: 239 (1947)

= Campanula sphaerocarpa var. multiflora Kolak.; Fl. Abkhazii 4: 171 (1949)

species :

Campanula columnaris Contandr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 120: 333 (1973 publ. 1974)

Distribution: C-Greece (Mt. Giona)

13 GRC

Remarks: group 07 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula comosiformis (Hayek & Janch.) Frajman & Schneew.; Syst. Bot. 34(3): 599 (2009)

Distribution: Albania

13 ALB

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

Synonyms: hidden

= Asyneuma comosiforme Hayek & Janch.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 70: 20 (1921)

= Hayekia comosiformis (Hayek & Janch.) Lakušić ex D.Lakušić, Shuka & Eddie; Willdenowia 49(1): 86 (2019)

species :

Campanula conferta A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 468 (1839)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran

34 IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula conferta var. glabra A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 468 (1839)

species :

Campanula constantini Beauverd & Top.; Candollea 7: 266 (1937)

Distribution: C-Greece (C-Evvoia)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rupestris var. virescens Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 256 (1902)

species :

Campanula coriacea P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 24: 29, t. 4 (1962)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia)

33 ARM AZE 34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), radula agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula radula var. minor Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 909 (1875)

species :

Campanula crassipes Heuff.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 8: 27 (1858)

Distribution: Serbia; Romania (around Turnu Severin)

13 ROM SRB

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula cremnophila Bogdanović, Rešetnik, M.Jericević, N.Jericević & Brullo; Pl. Syst. Evol. 305(8): 671 (2019)

Distribution: Croatia (Peljesac peninsula, Olipa Isl., Jakljan Isl.)

13 CRO

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia. Close to C. garganica and C. poscharskyana

species :

Campanula crenulata Franch.; J. Bot. [Morot] 9(19): 365 (1895)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula nephrophylla C.Y.Wu; Yunnan Trop. Subtrop. Fl. Res. Rep. 1: 60, pl. 13, f. 5-7 (1965)

species :

Campanula creutzburgii Greuter; Boissiera 13: 133 (1967)

Distribution: Crete (scattered, incl. islets)

13 KRI

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula drabifolia subsp. creutzburgii (Greuter) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

species :

Campanula crispa Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 581 (1785)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Quinquelocularia crispa (Lam.) K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 631 (1859)

species :

Campanula cymaea Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 111: 212 (1964)

Distribution: Greece (N- & C-Evvoia)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

species :

Campanula cymbalaria Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 139 (1806)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)

34 EAI LEB TUR

Remarks: group 05 sensu Xu & Hong; possibly a separate genus, but possibly into Adenophora

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula billardierei A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 303, t. 13 (1830)

= Campanula billardierei var. major A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 474 (1839)

= Campanula cymbalaria var. papillosa Yıldırım & Altıoğlu; Türl. Hab. 3(1): 8, figs. 1-2 (2022)

species :

Campanula daghestanica Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 29 (1905)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Daghestan)

33 NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), sibirica agg. (near Muehlbergella)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula fedorovii Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 19: 36 (1956)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. daghestanica (Fomin) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 168 (2000)

species :

Campanula damascena Labill.; Icon. Pl. Syr., Dec. 5: 7, t. 5, f. 1 (1812)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Israel (N-Israel)

34 ISR LEB

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula aaronsohnii Evenari; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 31: 403 (1941)

species :

Campanula damboldtiana P.H.Davis & Sorger; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 265, f. 1 (1979)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula dasyantha M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 147 (1819)

subspecies :

subsp. dasyantha

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan); Mongolia

30 SIB 31 RFE 37 MON

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula altaica A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 229 (1830) non Ledeb. 1824

= Campanula calycantha Turcz. ex Herder; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 288 (1873)

= Campanula frigida Pall. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 461 (1839)

= Campanula pallasiana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 138 (1819)

= Campanula pilosa Pall. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 148 (1819)

= Campanula pilosa var. dasyantha (M.Bieb.) Herder; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 288 (1873), nom. illeg.

= Campanula sanensis Fisch. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 461 (1839)

subspecies :

subsp. chamissonis (Fed.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 225 (2002)

Name: Hairyflower bellflower

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Aleutes

31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula chamissonis f. albiflora (Miyabe & Tatew.) T.Shimizu; New Alpine Fl. Japan 1: 311 (1982)

= Campanula chamissonis Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 279 (1957)

= Campanula dasyantha Cham.; Linnaea 4: 37 (1829), non M. Bieb.

= Campanula dasyantha f. albiflora Miyabe & Tatew.; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 13: 70 (1933)

= Campanula dasyantha var. chamissonis (Fed.) Toyok. & Nosaka; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 18: 193 (1960)

= Campanula redowskyi Fisch. ex Herder; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 288 (1873)

species :

Campanula daucoides D.Lakušić, Škondrić & Aleksić; Pl. Syst. Evol. 304(4): 570 (2018)

Distribution: Albania

13 ALB

species :

Campanula davisii Turrill; Bot. Mag. 171: t. 283, f. A-H (1956)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

species :

Campanula decumbens A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 334 (1830)

subspecies :

subsp. decumbens

Distribution: Spain (C-, S- & E-Spain)

12 SPA

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula argutidens Porta & Rigo; Iter III Hispanicum, no. 309 (1891), in sched.

= Campanula dieckii Lange; Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 195 (1893)

= Campanula matritensis var. nevadensis A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(1): 481 (1838)

= Campanula patula proles neglecta (A.DC.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 69 (1908)

= Campanula patula subsp. neglecta (A.DC.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 118 (1949)

= Campanula patula var. decumbens (A.DC.) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona 12: 441 (1929)

= Campanula patula var. neglecta A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 329 (1830)

= Campanula patula var. punctata Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 85 (1822)

= Campanula semisphaerica Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 76 (1896)

subspecies :

subsp. baetica Cano-Maq. & Talavera; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 68(1): 41 (2011)

Distribution: SW-Spain

12 SPA

species :

Campanula delicatula Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 67 (1849)

Name: Zarte Glockenblume (DE); Delicate Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Levitha, Amorgos, Astipaleia, Astakida); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Agathonisi, Lipsi, Kalimnos, Tilos, Simi, Kasos, Karpathos, Chalki, Rhodos, Kastellorhizo Isl.); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Cyprus (N-Cyprus)

13 GRC 34 CYP EAI TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula demirsoyi Kandemir; Nordic J. Bot. 25(1-2): 53 (2008)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula densiciliata A.Balkr., Harsh Singh, B.Joshi & R.K.Mishra; Phytotaxa 652(3): 231 (2024)

Distribution: N-India (Uttaranchal)

40 IND

species :

Campanula dersimensis Fırat & Yıldırım; Willdenowia 52(2): 170 (2022)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula dichotoma L.; Cent. Pl. II: 10 (1755)

subspecies :

subsp. dichotoma

Name: Westliche Glockenblume (DE); Campanita canaria (ES)

Distribution: C- & W-Spain; Baleares; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Isl. (Tenerife, Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gomera)

12 BAL SPA 13 ITA PTL SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula afra var. cleystogama Font Quer; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1927: no. 636 (1928), nomen

= Campanula brachiata Salzm. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 462 (1839)

= Campanula catinensis Tornab.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 357 (1887)

= Campanula decipiens Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 142 (1819)

= Campanula dichotoma f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 569 (1894)

= Campanula dichotoma var. afra (Cav.) Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 7: 71 (1908)

= Campanula dichotoma var. brachiata A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 237 (1830)

= Campanula dichotoma var. leptosiphon Pau & Sennen; Cavanillesia 5: 176 (1932)

= Campanula leptosiphon (Pau & Sennen) Pau & Sennen; Cavanillesia 5: 176 (1932)

= Campanula occidentalis Y.Nyman; Willdenowia 20(1-2): 113 (1991)

subspecies :

subsp. hypocrateriformis (Dobignard) Pils; Ill. Fl. Morocco 14 (2022)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula afra subsp. hypocrateriformis (Dobignard) Fennane; Trav. Inst. Sci. Univ. Mohammed V, Sér. Bot. 37: 102 (2005)

= Campanula afra var. pallida (Maire) Dobignard; Candollea 47(2): 455 (1992)

= Campanula dichotoma f. pseudodichotoma Maire ex Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 16 (1953)

= Campanula dichotoma var. pallida Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 199 (1932)

= Campanula hypocrateriformis Dobignard; Saussurea 19: 112 (1988 publ. 1989), nom. nov.

species :

Campanula dimitrii Strid; Phytol. Balcan. 27(3): 390 (2021), nom. nov.

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos: Mt. Kali Limni)

34 EAI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula carpatha var. oreophila Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 475 (1965)

species :

Campanula dimorphantha Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 140 (1867)

Distribution: Egypt (NE-Egypt); Sudan; Eritrea; Afghanistan; China (Chongqing, N-Guangdong, Guizhou, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; Pakistan (N. W. Frontier Prov., Swat, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi, Hazara, Mirpur); Nepal; Bhutan; India (almost throughout); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago); Laos; Vietnam

20 EGY 24 ERI SUD 34 AFG 36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 LAO MYA VIE

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula benthamii Wall. ex Kitam.; Results Kyoto Univ. Sci. Exped. Karakoram 2 (Fl. Afghanistan): 377 (1960)

= Campanula canescens Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1289 (1828), nomen

= Campanula canescens Wall. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 292 (1830) (non (Waldst. & Kit) Roth (1827))

= Campanula veronicifolia Hance; J. Bot. 9(101): 133 (1871)

= Campanula wallichii Babu; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 65: 808 (1969), nom. superfl.

= Cephalostigma spathulatum Thwaites; Enum. Pl. Zeyl. [Thwaites] 5: 422 (1864)

species :

Campanula divaricata Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 109 (1803)

Name: Small bonny bellflower (EN)

Distribution: USA (Alabama, Connecticut, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, New Hampshire, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)

75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula divaricata f. alba Fosberg; Castanea 20: 60 (1955)

= Campanula flexuosa Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 109 (1803)

species :

Campanula dolomitica E.A.Busch; Trudy Bot. Muz. 22: 215 (1930)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

species :

Campanula drabifolia Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 142 (1806)

Distribution: Greece (C-Greece, Attiki, Peloponnisos, Ionian Isl., Kithira); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Syria (Jazira)

13 GRC 34 CYP SYR TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula attica Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 67 (1849)

= Campanula drabifolia subsp. attica (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879)

= Campanula drabifolia var. major Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 933 (1875)

= Roucela drabifolia (Sm.) Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 15 (1822)

species :

Campanula dulcis Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 2, 2: 258 (1834)

Distribution: Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Asir)

34 JOR SIN 35 SAU

species :

Campanula dzaaku Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 118 (1894) 3: 90 et 519 (1895); et Prodr. Fl. Colchic. 156 (1895)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Pseudocampanula dzaaku (Albov) Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 94(1): 162 (1979), without basionym ref.

species :

Campanula dzyschrica Kolak.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 16: 57 (1951)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Campanula edulis Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 44 (1775)

Distribution: Rwanda; Chad; Sudan (incl. Jbel Marra); Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz, Rub al Khali, Asir); Yemen (N-Inner Yemen, W-Yemen)

23 RWA 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 35 SAU YEM

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula esculenta A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 4 (1850), nom. illeg.

= Campanula quartiniana A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 5 (1850)

= Campanula rigidipila Steud. & Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 3 (1850)

= Campanula rigidipila var. esculenta Di Capua; Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 236 (1904)

= Campanula rigidipila var. quartiniana (A.Rich.) Engl.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen 1891: 410 (1891)

= Campanula rigidipila var. quartiniana (A.Rich.) Vatke; Linnaea 40: 201 (1876)

= Campanula rigidipila var. sarmentosa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Engl.; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1891(2): 410 (1892), isonym

= Campanula rigidipila var. sarmentosa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Vatke; Linnaea 40: 201 (1876)

= Campanula sarmentosa Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 2: 4 (1850)

= Campanula schimperi var. quartiniana (A.Rich.) Vatke; Linnaea 40: 201 (1876), nom. superfl.

= Campanula schimperi var. rigidipila (Steud. & Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Vatke; Linnaea 40: 201 (1876)

= Campanula schimperi var. sarmentosa (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Vatke; Linnaea 40: 201 (1876), nom. superfl.

= Campanula schimperi Vatke; Linnaea 38: 712 (1874), nom. superfl.

species :

Campanula ekimiana Güner; Doga Bilim Derg, A, 2 Biyol. 9: 62, t. 1 (1985)

Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula elatines L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 927 (1759)

Distribution: NW-Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula barbeyi Feer; J. Bot. 28: 271 (1890)

= Campanula elatina Hill; Veg. Syst. 8: 13 (1765)

= Campanula elatines subsp. glaberrima (A.DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 453 (1882)

= Campanula elatines var. glaberrima A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 301 (1830)

= Campanula elatines var. subalpina (Delponte & Gras) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Campanula subalpina Delponte & Gras; Index Sem. (Turin) 1873: 35 (1873)

= Wahlenbergia elatines (L.) Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 631 (1829)

species :

Campanula elatinoides Moretti; Giorn. Fis. Chim. Storia Nat. Med. Arti, Dec. 2, 5: 110 (1822)

Name: Lombardische Glockenblume

Distribution: Italy (Lake Como to Lake Garda)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula elatines Pollini; Fl. Veron. 1: 278 (1822), nom. illeg.

= Campanula elatines var. elatinoides (Moretti) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 560 (1927), nom. illeg.

= Campanula petraea Zanted. ex Moretti; Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 154 (1824), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula embergeri Litard. & Maire; Arch. Sci. Maroc. 2 (Contr. Étude Fl. Grand Atlas) 5 (1930), et Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 26: 26 (1930), descr. ampl.

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula filicaulis subsp. embergeri (Litard. & Maire) Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 20: 25 (2002)

species :

Campanula engurensis Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 1: 7 (1938)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Campanula erinus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 169 (1753)

Name: Alpenbalsam-Glockenblume (DE); Small Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (widespread, incl. most islands); Crete (incl. islets); European Russia; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (NW-coastal Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (widespread, incl. Rhodos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria); Israel (C-Israel, coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Rub al Khali, Asir); United Arab Emirates

11 ger 12 ADO BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL SIC SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 24 ERI ETH SUD 33 ARM AZE 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 SAU UAE

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula erinus f. albiflora Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 735 (1934)

= Campanula erinus f. coerulea Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 735 (1934)

= Campanula erinus var. hernandezii Sennen & Mauricio; Monogr. Campan. 341, t. 12 (1830)

= Campanula nanella P.A.Smirn.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 70: Livr. 3, 100 (1965)

= Campanula parviflora St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 121 (1880), nom. illeg.

= Campanula portensis Loefl.; Iter Hispan. [Loefling] 111, 127 (1758)

= Erinia campanula Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 407 (1837), nom. superfl.

= Roucela erinus (L.) Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 14 (1822)

= Wahlenbergia erinus (L.) Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 631 (1829)

species :

Campanula euboica Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 467 (1965)

Distribution: C-Greece (NW-Evvoia)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

species :

Campanula euclasta Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 70 (1849)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert)

34 LEB SYR

species :

Campanula eugeniae Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 466 (1957)

Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KGZ TZK

species :

Campanula excisa Schleich. ex Murith; Guide Bot. [Murith] 57 (1810)

Name: Ausgeschnittene Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland; Italy

11 SWI 13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula excisa f. annalaurae Pinzaru; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 106 (2012)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. excisa (Schleich. ex Murith) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 199 (1894)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. excisa (Schleich. ex Murith) Douin; Fl. Ill. France 7: 46 (1924)

species :

Campanula expansa Rudolph; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Hist. Acad. 4: 340 (1809)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan)

31 RFE

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Astrocodon expansus (Rudolph) Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 378 (1957)

= Astrocodon kruhseanus (Fisch. ex Regel & Tiling) Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 377 (1957)

= Campanopsis homallanthina (Ledeb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 379 (1891)

= Campanula homallanthina Ledeb.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Hist. Acad. 4: 340 (1811)

= Campanula kruhseana Fisch. ex Regel & Tiling; Fl. Ajan. 108 (1858)

= Campanula redowskiana Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 4: 41 (1829)

= Platycodon homallanthinus (Ledeb.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 126 (1830)

= Platycodon homallanthinus var. angustifolius A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 126 (1830)

= Wahlenbergia expansa (Rudolph) Steffen; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 56: E. 416 (1937)

= Wahlenbergia homallanthina (Ledeb.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 425 (1839)

= Wahlenbergia homallanthina var. angustifolia (A.DC.) A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 426 (1839)

species :

Campanula fastigiata Dufour ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 136 (1819)

Distribution: C- & E-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tajikistan; Azerbaijan

12 SPA 20 ALG MOR 32 TZK 33 AZE

Remarks: group 05 sensu Xu & Hong; possibly a separate genus, but possibly into Adenophora

Synonyms: hidden

= Brachycodon fastigiatus (Dufour ex Schult.) Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 342 (1957)

= Brachycodonia fastigiatus (Dufour ex Schult.) Fed.; Fl. Azerbaidzhana 8: 164 (1961)

= Campanula drabifolia Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 267 (1841), nom. inval.

species :

Campanula feijoana Gardère; Phytotaxa 197(2): 105 (2015)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hortelensis Gardère; Phytotaxa 197: 109 (2015)

species :

Campanula ficarioides Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 5, 6: 33 (1862)

Distribution: ?Spain; France

12 FRA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. ficarioides (Timb.-Lagr.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 909 (1939)

= Campanula ficarioides var. gautieri (Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.) Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 146 (1968)

= Campanula gautieri Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 3: 621 (1876)

= Campanula linifolia subsp. ficarioides (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. ficarioides (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 76 (1908)

= Campanula pusilla var. gautieri (Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 77 (1908)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. ficarioides (Timb.-Lagr.) H.Marcailhou & A.Marcailhou; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Suppl. 155 (1907)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. ficarioides (Timb.-Lagr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983), isonym

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. ficarioides (Timb.-Lagr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

species :

Campanula filicaulis Durieu; Expl. Sci. Algérie, Atlas: t. 62, fig. 3 (1849)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; S-Libya; N-Chad (Tibesti)

20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 24 CHA

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula antiatlantica Maire, Weiller & Wilczek; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 432 (1938)

= Campanula atlantica var. maroccana (Ball) Batt.; Fl. Algérie, Suppl. Phan. 62 (1910)

= Campanula embergeri subsp. schotteri Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 28 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis subsp. reboudiana (Pomel) Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 31: 260 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. antiatlantica (Maire, Weiller & Wilczek) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 25 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. cedretorum H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2) (Itin. Medit.): 149 (1932)

= Campanula filicaulis var. elata (Faure & Maire) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 24 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. gattefossei (Maire & Weiller) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 24 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. gomarica Font Quer; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona, Ser. 3, 22(18): 20 (1931)

= Campanula filicaulis var. intermedia Vindt; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 25-27: 158 (1949)

= Campanula filicaulis var. mairei Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 26 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. maroccana (Ball) Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 20: 25 (2002), nom. illeg.

= Campanula filicaulis var. parielii Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 26 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. pseudoantiatlantica Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 26 (1953)

= Campanula filicaulis var. pseudoradicosa (Litard. & Maire) Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 51 (1927 publ. 1928)

= Campanula filicaulis var. reboudiana (Pomel) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 59 (1928)

= Campanula filicaulis var. schotteri (Quézel) Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 20: 25 (2002)

= Campanula filicaulis var. tibestica Quézel; Mém. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 4: 179 (1958), nom. inval.

= Campanula maroccana Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 554 (1878)

= Campanula maroccana var. pseudoradicosa Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 6: 14 (1924)

= Campanula reboudiana Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 1: 2 (1874)

= Campanula saxifragoides f. elata Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 431 (1938)

= Campanula saxifragoides var. gattefossei Maire & Weiller; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 29: 432 (1938)

species :

Campanula flaccidula Vatke; Linnaea 38: 712 (1874)

Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (Jazira)

34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR

Remarks: group 05 sensu Xu & Hong; possibly a separate genus, but possibly into Adenophora

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula singarensis Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 943 (1875)

species :

Campanula foliosa Ten.; Cat. Hort. Neapol., App. 1: 35 (1815)

Distribution: Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; NW-Greece (mountains)

13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata var. foliosa (Ten.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 731 (1824)

= Campanula glomerata var. macrodon Pančić; Elench. Pl. Vasc. 63 (1875)

species :

Campanula formanekiana Degen & Dörfl.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 64: 728 (1897)

Distribution: North Macedonia; N-Greece (mountains of Greek Macedonia)

13 GRC NMA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cinerea Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 34: 289 (1896), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula forsythii (Arcang.) Bég.; Arch. Bot. Sist. 70 (1929)

Distribution: Sardinia

12 SAR

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula forsythii (Arcang.) Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 81 (1965), isonym

= Campanula macrorhiza var. sardoa Levier ex Tanfani; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 8: 101 (1888)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. forsythii Arcang.; Atti. Soc. Tosc. Sci. Nat. Pisa Processi Verbali 5: 138 (1886)

species :

Campanula fragilis Cirillo; Pl. Rar. Neapol. 1: 32 (1788)

subspecies :

subsp. fragilis

Name: Zerbrechliche Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; Italy

11 ger 12 cis 13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula barrelieri C.Presl; Symb. Bot. [Presl] 1: 30 (1831)

= Campanula cochlearifolia Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 18 (1790), nom. illeg.

= Campanula crassifolia Nees; Syll. Pl. Nov. 1: 6 (1824)

= Campanula diffusa Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 1: 48 (1790)

= Campanula fragilis f. grandiflora Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 566 (1894)

= Campanula fragilis f. hirsuta Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 566 (1894)

= Campanula fragilis subsp. canescens Schousb. ex Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 453 (1882)

= Campanula fragilis var. barrelieri (C.Presl) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879)

= Campanula fragilis var. diffusa (Vahl) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 267 (1841)

= Campanula fragilis var. hirsuta A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 307 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula fragilis var. hirsuta Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 201 (1827)

= Campanula fragilis var. hirta Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 201 (1827)

subspecies :

subsp. cavolinii (Ten.) Damboldt; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 84: 331 (1965)

Distribution: Italy (Apen)

13 ITA

Remarks: fragilis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cavolinii Ten.; Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol. 94 (1831)

= Campanula cavolinii var. hirta Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 201 (1829)

species :

Campanula fransinea Gardère; Candollea 76(1): 34 (2021)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Sao Nicolau)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula fritschii Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 90 (1902)

Distribution: France (Hte. Provence)

12 FRA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. fritschii (Witasek) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 563 (1927)

species :

Campanula fruticulosa (Schwarz & P.H.Davis) Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 49 (1976)

Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Tracheliopsis fruticulosa Schwarz & P.H.Davis; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: t. 3498(2) (1950)

species :

Campanula gansuensis L.C.Wang & D.Y.Hong; Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 41(2): 159 (2000)

Distribution: China (Gansu)

36 CHI

Remarks: status uncertain, not listed in Fl. of China

species :

Campanula garciniae Pils; Ill. Fl. Morocco 14, 211 (2022)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

species :

Campanula garganica Ten.; Index Sem. (Naples, Neapolitano), App. 3 (1827)

Name: Sternpolster-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Italy; Croatia; Montenegro; Albania; W-Greece (SW-Epiros, Lefkada, Kefalonia, Zakynthos)

11 ger 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA MNT

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia. Strid (2024) argues against the excessive splitting by Bogdanović et al. (2014)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula acarnanica Damboldt; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 84: 341 (1965)

= Campanula cephallenica Feer; J. Bot. 28: 273 (1890)

= Campanula debarensis Rech.f.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 47: 175 (1939)

= Campanula elatines proles garganica (Ten.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 910 (1939)

= Campanula elatines Petagna; Inst. Bot. 2: 367 (1787), nom. illeg.

= Campanula elatines var. fenestrellata (Feer) L.H.Bailey; Hortus Second [Bailey] 135 (1941)

= Campanula elatines var. garganica (Ten.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 559 (1927)

= Campanula fenestrellata Feer; J. Bot. 28: 272 (1890)

= Campanula fenestrellata subsp. debarensis (Rech.f.) Damboldt; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 84: 358 (1965)

= Campanula fenestrellata subsp. istriaca (Feer) Damboldt; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 84: (1965)

= Campanula frutetorum Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. [Gandoger] 2: 23 (1876)

= Campanula garganica subsp. acarnanica (Damboldt) Damboldt; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 84: 358 (1965)

= Campanula garganica subsp. cephallenica (Feer) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 534 (1930)

= Campanula garganica subsp. fenestrellata (Feer) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 533 (1930)

= Campanula garganica subsp. istriaca (Feer) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 534 (1930)

= Campanula garganica subsp. lepida (Feer) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 533 (1930)

= Campanula garganica var. hirsuta Anon.; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 46: 253 (1894)

= Campanula garganica var. istriaca (Feer) Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 182 (1903)

= Campanula istriaca Feer; J. Bot. 28: 271 (1890)

= Campanula lepida Feer; J. Bot. 28: 272 (1890)

= Campanula oxyphylla var. lasiopetala Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 331 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Wahlenbergia flaccida C.Presl; Symb. Bot. [Presl] 1: 29 (1831), nom. illeg.

= Wahlenbergia garganica (Ten.) G.Don; Gen. Hist. 3: 738 (1834)

species :

Campanula gentilis Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 3: 409 (1968)

Name: Edle Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; Czech Republic

11 AUT CZE GER

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. gentilis (Kovanda) Oberd.; Pflanzensoziol. Exkursionsfl. [Oberdorfer], 4. Aufl.: 860 (1979), nom. inval.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. conferta Knaf; Nomencl. Bot. [Opiz] 1: 95 (1831)

species :

Campanula ghilalensis Pall.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 154 (1819)

Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)

34 IRN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Campanula giesekiana Vest ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 89 (1819)

Distribution: Iceland; Svalbard; Norway; Sweden; Finland; N-European Russia; Greenland; Canada (Nunavut, Labrador, Newfoundland, Ontario, Québec)

10 FIN ICE NOR SVA SWE 14 RUS 70 CDN GNL 72 CDN

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula arctica (Lange) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 183 (1930)

= Campanula arctica f. simplex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 186 (1930)

= Campanula arctolinifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 231 (1930)

= Campanula dubia A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 286 (1830)

= Campanula giesekiana subsp. groenlandica (Berlin) Böcher; Biol. Skr. 11(4): 63 (1960)

= Campanula giesekiana var. arctica (Lange) Böcher

= Campanula groenlandica Berlin; Öfvers. Kongl. Vetensk.-Akad. Förh. 7: 50 (1884)

= Campanula lapponica (Witasek) C.Regel; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 82(1): 87 (1935)

= Campanula pratensis A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 287 (1830)

= Campanula pratensis var. angustifolia A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 287 (1830)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. albiflora Abrom.; Biblioth. Bot. 42B: 63 (1899), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. dubia (A.DC.) Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 105 (1924)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. laciniata J.Rousseau & Raymond; Naturaliste Canad. 78: 84 (1952)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. lapponica Witasek; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 29: 204 (1904)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. pygmaea Hartz; Meddel. Grønland 18: 338 (1895)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. groenlandica (Berlin) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Univ. Colorado Stud., Ser. Biol. 24: 52 (1966)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. arctica Lange; Fl. Dan. [Oeder et al.] 46: t. 2711 (1867)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. dubia (A.DC.) J.K.Henry; Fl. S. Brit. Columbia 283 (1915)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. giesekiana (Vest ex Schult.) Simmons; Ark. Bot. 6(17): 20 (1907)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. lapponica (Witasek) Simmons; Ark. Bot. 6(17): 21 (1907)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. uniflora Lange; Meddel. Grønland 3: 93 (1880)

= Campanula uniflora var. giesekiana (Vest ex Schult.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 339 (1830)

species :

Campanula gilliatii Milne-Redh. & Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1930: 439 (1930)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Campanula glomerata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 166 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. glomerata

Name: Knäuel-Glockenblume (DE), Clustered Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], Scotland); Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (N-, NE- & C-Greece, rare N-Peloponnisos); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Manitoba [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Montana [I], North Dakota [I], New Hampshire [I], New York [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 DEN FIN GRB nor SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV sma SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 36 CHI 37 MON 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), glomerata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula aggregata var. farinosa (Rochel ex Andrz.) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 3 (Clav. Enum. Gen.): XXIX (1833)

= Campanula aggregata Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow], Suppl. 10 (1814)

= Campanula barbata Spreng.; Mant. Prim. Fl. Hal. 77 (1807), nom. illeg.

= Campanula betonicifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 53 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula cephalantha Fisch. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 254 (1830)

= Campanula congesta Vest ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 125 (1819)

= Campanula conglomerata Gueldenst.; Reise Russland [Gueldenstaedt] 2: 343 (1791)

= Campanula glomerata proles aggregata (Willd.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 66 (1908)

= Campanula glomerata f. aggregata (Willd.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 569 (1894)

= Campanula glomerata f. complicata Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 190 (1827)

= Campanula glomerata f. elliptica (Kit.) Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; Fl. Centralkarpath. [Sagorski & Gus.Schneid.] 372 (1891)

= Campanula glomerata f. glaucophylla (Schloss. & Vuk.) Hayek & Hegi ex Hayek 340

= Campanula glomerata f. longifolia (Wallr.) L.Gross; Mitt. Bad. Bot. Vereins 210/211: 82 (1906)

= Campanula glomerata f. oblongifolia Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 190 (1827)

= Campanula glomerata f. pusilla (A.DC.) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 340 (1915)

= Campanula glomerata f. speciosa (Hornem.) Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; Fl. Centralkarpath. [Sagorski & Gus.Schneid.] 372 (1891)

= Campanula glomerata f. xeniae Pinzaru & Ruschuk; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 44: 222 (2013)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. aggregata (Willd.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 456 (1882)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. aggregata (Willd.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 154 (1834)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. congesta (Roem. & Schult.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 154 (1834)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. elliptica (Kit.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1(1): 118 (1949)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. salviifolia (Wallr.) O.Schwartz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 118 (1949)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. speciosa Kirschl.; Fl. Alsace 1: 378 (1851)

= Campanula glomerata var. acutifolia Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 90 (1822)

= Campanula glomerata var. aggregata (Willd.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 731 (1824)

= Campanula glomerata var. aggregata (Willd.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 472 (1837)

= Campanula glomerata var. amplexicaulis Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 90 (1822)

= Campanula glomerata var. capituliformis K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 639 (1850)

= Campanula glomerata var. congesta (Schult.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 66 (1908)

= Campanula glomerata var. congesta (Vest ex Schult.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 434 (1866)

= Campanula glomerata var. cordifolia Rohlena; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 5: 94 (1899)

= Campanula glomerata var. coriacea Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 104 (1906)

= Campanula glomerata var. deliquensis Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 90 (1822)

= Campanula glomerata var. diffusa H.Mart.; Prodr. Fl. Mosq., Ed. Alt. 40 (1817)

= Campanula glomerata var. elegans Wender.; Fl. Hassiaca [Wenderoth] 48 (1846)

= Campanula glomerata var. elliptica (Kit.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 472 (1837)

= Campanula glomerata var. eximia Wender.; Fl. Hassiaca [Wenderoth] 48 (1846)

= Campanula glomerata var. farinosa (Rochel ex Andrz.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 472 (1837), nom. illeg.

= Campanula glomerata var. glabra Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 190 (1827)

= Campanula glomerata var. grandiflora Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 127 (1867)

= Campanula glomerata var. heterophylla Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 106 (1813)

= Campanula glomerata var. hirsuta H.Mart.; Prodr. Fl. Mosq., Ed. Alt. 40 (1817)

= Campanula glomerata var. hirta Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 190 (1827)

= Campanula glomerata var. lanceolata Westerl.; Bot. Not. 1863: 140 (1863)

= Campanula glomerata var. latibracteata Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 326 (1900)

= Campanula glomerata var. longifolia Schloss ex Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 453 (1911)

= Campanula glomerata var. longifolia Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 91 (1822)

= Campanula glomerata var. minor Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 410 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Campanula glomerata var. mollis Tausch

= Campanula glomerata var. nana Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 55 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula glomerata var. nana Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 408 (1837)

= Campanula glomerata var. nana Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 188 (1838), nom. illeg.

= Campanula glomerata var. oblongata Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 69 (1879)

= Campanula glomerata var. ortleppii H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 10: 6 (1908)

= Campanula glomerata var. pubescens Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 190 (1827)

= Campanula glomerata var. pusilla A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 255 (1830)

= Campanula glomerata var. ramosa Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 106 (1813)

= Campanula glomerata var. salviifolia Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 90 (1822), nom. illeg.

= Campanula glomerata var. selvaggii Pinzaru; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 43: 103 (2012)

= Campanula glomerata var. semgensis Husseinov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 55: 1501 (1970)

= Campanula glomerata var. sparsiflora A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 255 (1830)

= Campanula glomerata var. speciosa (Hornem.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 472 (1837)

= Campanula glomerata var. tomentosa Wender.; Fl. Hassiaca [Wenderoth] 48 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Campanula glomerata var. umbrosa Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 69 (1879)

= Campanula ortleppi H.Lév.; Monde Pl. 10: 6 (1908)

= Campanula perfoliata Krock.; Fl. Siles. [Krocker], Suppl. 1: 265 (1823), nom. illeg.

= Campanula petraea All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 112 (1785), nom. illeg.

= Campanula tubiflora Tausch ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 880 (1846)

= Campanula vlachovae Orph. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 927 (1875)

= Marianthemum aggregatum (Willd.) Schrank; Flora 7(2. Beibl.): 54 (1824)

= Rapunculus glomeratus (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 277 (1904)

= Syncodon glomeratum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Weitenwebera glomerata (L.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 105 (1852)

= Weitenwebera glomerata var. mollis (Tausch) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 105 (1852)

= Weitenwebera glomerata var. nana Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 105 (1852)

= Weitenwebera glomerata var. salviifolia (Wallr.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 105 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. caucasica (Trautv.) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 280 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata var. caucasica Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 564 (1873)

= Campanula ruprechtii Grossh.; Bull. Polytechn. Inst. Tiflis 2: 201 (1926), nom. illeg., non Boiss. 1875

= Campanula trautvetteri Grossh. ex Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 463 (1957)

subspecies :

subsp. cervicarioides (Schult.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 456 (1882)

Distribution: France; Italy; Croatia

12 FRA 13 CRO ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cervicarioides Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 128 (1819)

= Campanula glomerata proles cervicarioides (Schult.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 67 (1908)

= Campanula glomerata var. cervicarioides (Schult.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 255 (1830)

subspecies :

subsp. elliptica (Kit. ex Schult.) Kirschl.; Fl. Alsace 1: 378 (1851)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Croatia; Serbia; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine

11 HUN SLO 13 BUL CRO ITA ROM SRB 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula elliptica Kit. ex Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 410 (1814)

= Campanula glomerata f. elliptica (Kit. ex Schult.) Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 190 (1827)

= Campanula glomerata var. elliptica (Kit. ex Schult.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 731 (1824)

= Campanula glomerata var. ramosa K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 280 (1843), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pulchra O.D.Wissjul.; Fl. URSR 10: 474 (1961)

subspecies :

subsp. farinosa (Rochel ex Besser) Kirschl.; Fl. Alsace 1: 378 (1852)

Distribution: Germany; Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Croatia; Romania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; S-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan

11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA ROM 14 BLR KRY RUS UKR 32 KAZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula desertorum Weinm.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 10(7): 58 (1837)

= Campanula farinosa (Rochel ex Besser) Andrz. ex Besser; Enum. Pl. [Besser] 10 (1821)

= Campanula glaucophylla Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 72 (1857)

= Campanula glomerata f. farinosa (Rochel ex Besser) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1911: 60 (1911)

= Campanula glomerata f. glaucophylla (Schloss. & Vuk.) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 340 (1915)

= Campanula glomerata f. polessica (O.D.Wissjul.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 (1966)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. fatrae (Borbás) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 124 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Campanula glomerata var. farinosa (Andrz.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 542 (1846)

= Campanula glomerata var. farinosa Rochel ex Besser; Cat. Hort. Cremeneci 271 (1816)

= Campanula glomerata var. fatrae Borbás; V. K. Reálisk. Értes. 22 (1898)

= Campanula glomerata var. glaucophylla (Schloss. & Vuk.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula polessica O.D.Wissjul.; Fl. URSR 10: 475 (1961)

subspecies :

subsp. hispida (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 532 (1930)

Distribution: Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

13 ALB BUL CRO KOS MNT NMA SRB 33 GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula asperifolia Hayek ex Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 49: 275 (1939), pro syn.

= Campanula eocervicaria Nábělek; Spisy Přír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 70: 5 (1926)

= Campanula glomerata f. hispida Witasek; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 20: 419 (1905)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. glabriflora Contandr., Quézel & Pamukç.; Ann. Univ. Provence Sci. 46: 54 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. maleevii (Fed.) Aganesian; Candollea 50: 280 (1995)

= Campanula glomerata var. hispida Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 104 (1906)

= Campanula lamioides Witasek; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 23: 191 (1909)

= Campanula maleevii Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 462 (1957)

subspecies :

subsp. krylovii Olonova; Turczaninowia 2(3): 8 (1999)

Distribution: Siberia (W-Siberia)

30 SIB

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula krylovii (Olonova) Vasjukov; Turczaninowia 19(2): 67 (2016)

subspecies :

subsp. oblongifolia (Kharadze) Fed.; Fl. Erevana 267 (1972)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan

33 ARM AZE GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata var. nicaeensis (Schult.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 731 (1824)

= Campanula glomerata var. oblongifolia K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 639 (1850)

= Campanula nicaeensis Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 126 (1819)

= Campanula oblongifolia Kharadze; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 15: 30 (1949)

subspecies :

subsp. oblongifolioides (Galushko) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 280 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula oblongifolioides Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 267 (1971)

subspecies :

subsp. panjutinii (Kolak.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 215 (2002)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula panjutinii Kolak.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 7(5): 223 (1947)

subspecies :

subsp. serotina (Wettst.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1(1): 118 (1949)

Distribution: Italy; Croatia

13 CRO ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata var. serotina (Wettst.) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 341 (1915)

= Campanula serotina Wettst.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 70: 337 (1901)

subspecies :

subsp. speciosa (Hornem. ex Spreng.) Domin; Preslia 13-15: 222 (1936)

Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, E-Liaoning, NE-Nei Mongol); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Kyushu)

30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cephalotes f. alba Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 20: 187 (1944)

= Campanula cephalotes f. albiflora Fedina & Kovalev; Acta Biol. Sibir. 2(4): 114 (2016)

= Campanula cephalotes Fisch. ex Schrank; Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 2: 32 (1822)

= Campanula cephalotes var. canescens Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 20: 187 (1944)

= Campanula glomerata f. alba (Nakai) U.C.La; Fl. Coreana 7: 36 (1999)

= Campanula glomerata f. canescens (Nakai) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur. 606 (1979), in error ´(Maxim.)´

= Campanula glomerata f. speciosa (Hornem. ex Spreng.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 569 (1894)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. cephalotes (Fisch. ex Fed.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 216 (20 June 2002) (2002)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. cephalotes (Fisch. ex Schrank) D.Y.Hong; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 73(2): 84 (1983)

= Campanula glomerata subsp. daqingshanica D.Y.Hong & Y.Z.Zhao; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 73: 184 (1983)

= Campanula glomerata var. dahurica Fisch. ex Ker Gawl.; Bot. Reg. 8: 620 (1822)

= Campanula glomerata var. grandiflora Herder; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 292 (1872), nom. illeg.

= Campanula glomerata var. salviifolia Kom.; Fl. Manshur. 3: 555 (1907)

= Campanula glomerata var. speciosa Hornem. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 731 (1824)

= Campanula speciosa Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 2: 957 (1815), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. subcapitata (Popov) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

Distribution: Slovakia; Ukraine

11 SLO 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula subcapitata Popov; Mater. Pozn. Fauna Fl. S.S.S.R., n. s., Bot. 13: Fasc. 5 (Sketch Veg. & Fl. Carpath.) 295 (1949)

subspecies :

subsp. symphytifolia (Albov) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 280 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata var. symphytifolia Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic. 161 (1895)

= Campanula symphytifolia (Albov) Kolak.; Fl. Abkhazii, ed. 2, 4: 180 (1989)

species :

Campanula glomeratoides D.Y.Hong; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 247, f. 2: 3-5 (1980)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

species :

Campanula goulimyi Turrill; Kew Bull. [10]: 354 (1955)

Distribution: C-Greece (N-Evvoia)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

species :

Campanula gracillima Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 78 (1965)

Distribution: SW-France

12 FRA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula grandis Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 5: 34 (1839)

subspecies :

subsp. grandis

Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula latiloba A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 478 (1839)

subspecies :

subsp. rizeensis (Güner) Lammers; Novon 9(3): 385 (1999)

Distribution: NE-Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula latiloba subsp. rizeensis Güner; Candollea 39: 348 (1984)

species :

Campanula grossekii Heuff.; Flora 16: 353 (1833)

Distribution: Serbia; S-Romania; Bulgaria

13 BUL ROM SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Marianthemum grossekii (Heuff.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 936 (1866)

species :

Campanula guinochetii Quézel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 31: 260 (1953)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula guinochetii var. rhatica Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 34 (1953)

species :

Campanula hacerae Ilçim; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 48(6): 507 (2011)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula hagielia Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 899 (1875)

Name: Große Rhodische Glockenblume (DE); Large Rhodian Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chalki, Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

34 EAI TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula sporadum Feer; J. Bot. 28: 269 (1890)

= Campanula tomentosa var. sporadum (Feer) Fiori; Ann. Reale Ist. Super. Agrar. Forest. 9: 39 (1924)

species :

Campanula haradjanii Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 57: 86 (1950)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula hawkinsiana Hausskn. & Heldr.; Mitt. Geogr. Ges. (Thüringen) Jena 5(2): 87 (1887)

Distribution: Albania; NW-Greece (mountains)

13 ALB GRC

Remarks: group 10 (ramosissima agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula halacsyana Bald.; Malpighia 8: 286 (1894)

species :

Campanula hedgei P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 24: 30, t. 5 (1962)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), radula agg.

species :

Campanula hercegovina Degen & Fiala; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 303 (1894)

Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina

13 BIH CRO

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hercegovina subf. brevicalycina Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina subf. longicalycina Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina f. glaberrima Witasek ex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 235 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina f. humilis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina f. ovalifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina f. squarrosa Degen & Fiala ex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 235 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula hercegovina f. squarrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina f. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina var. fallens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula hercegovina var. pseudopusilla Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 253 (1930)

= Campanula tarana K.Malý; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosni Hercegovini 35: 126 (1923)

species :

Campanula hermannii Rech.f.; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 16: 37 (1980)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Campanula herminii Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 9 (1820)

Distribution: Portugal; Spain (W-, S- & C-Spain)

12 POR SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula heterophylla L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 169 (1753)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Denousa, Sikinos, Keros, Amorgos)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula amorgina Rech.f.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 54(2): 646 (1936)

species :

Campanula hieracioides Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 8: 236 (1947)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Annaea hieracioides (Kolak.) Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 94(1): 163 (1979)

species :

Campanula hierapetrae Rech.f.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 84: 170 (1935)

Distribution: E-Crete (Afendis Kavousi)

13 KRI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

species :

Campanula hierosolymitana Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 62 (1849)

Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR LEB

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula hissarica Kamelin ex Rassulova; Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 9: 526, 157 (1988)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Campanula hongii Y.F.Deng; Phytotaxa 255(2): 176 (2015), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula chinensis D.Y.Hong; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(2): 247, f. 2, 6-7 (1980), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula humillima A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 474 (1838)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Remarks: group 04-2 sensu Xu & Hong, to be transferred into Legousia s. l.

species :

Campanula hypopolia Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 389 (1876)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

species :

Campanula iconia Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 481 (1965)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

species :

Campanula immodesta Lammers; Novon 8(1): 34 (1998), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); SE-Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula modesta Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 24 (1857), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula incanescens Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 16 (1846)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran, SW-Iran)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 IRN

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula fedtschenkoana Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 77 (1879)

species :

Campanula incurva A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 464 (1839)

Distribution: C-Greece (coast of Thessalia, Sporades, N-Evvoia); ?East Aegaean Isl. (?Ikaria)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), medium subgroup. The record from Ikaria is possibly an undescribed taxon (Strid 2024)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula leutweinii Heldr.; Index Sem. (Athens) 7 (1860)

species :

Campanula intercedens Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 43 (1902)

Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Missouri, Wisconsin, Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, West Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), medium subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula latisepala f. alba J.Rousseau & Raymond; Naturaliste Canad. 79: 84 (1952)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. albiflora E.L.Rand & Redfield; Fl. Mt. Desert Isl. 124 (1894), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. cleistocodona Lakela; Rhodora 47: 391 (1945)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. linifolia Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 105 (1924), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. intercedens (Witasek) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 31: 356 (1982)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. alpina Tuck.; Amer. J. Sci. Arts 45: 27 (1843)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. canescens E.J.Hill; Amer. Naturalist 12: 818 (1878)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. dentata Coleman; Kentucky Sci. Inst. Misc. Publ. 2: 24 (1874), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. intercedens (Witasek) Farw.; Pap. Michigan Acad. Sci. 3: 105 (1924)

= Campanula virgata Raf. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 100 (1819), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula involucrata Aucher ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 467 (1839)

Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., near Michauxia

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula petraea Kotschy ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 467 (1839), nom. inval.

species :

Campanula isaurica Contandr.; Ann. Univ. Provence Sci. 46: 53, t. 1 (1971)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ermenekensis Contandr. & Quézel; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 123: 431 (1976)

species :

Campanula isophylla Moretti; Giorn. Fis. Chim. Storia Nat. Med. Arti, Dec. 2, 7: 44 (1824)

Distribution: NW-Italy (a small strip of coast SW of Savona)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula floribunda Viv.; Fl. Libyc. Spec. 67 (1824)

= Campanula isophylla f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 566 (1894)

= Campanula mayi Anon.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 26: 96, 126 (1899)

species :

Campanula jacobaea C.Sm. ex Webb; Icon. Pl. 8: t. 762 (1848)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Ilha de Sao Tiago)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula jacobaea var. hispida Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 9: 51 (1861)

species :

Campanula jacquinii (Sieber) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 251 (1830)

Distribution: Crete (mostly mountains)

13 KRI

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Diosphaera jacquinii (Sieber) Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 520 (1894)

= Phyteuma jacquinii Sieber; Reise Kreta 2: 316 (1823)

= Trachelium jacquinii (Sieber) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 961 (1875)

species :

Campanula jadvigae Kolak.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 15: 22 (1953)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Campanula jaubertiana Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 15: 48 (1868)

Distribution: N-Spain (Pyrénées); Andorra; SW-France

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula andorrana Braun-Blanq.; Commun. Stat. Int. Géobot. Médit. Montpellier 87: 230 (1945)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subsp. andorrana (Braun-Blanq.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula cochleariifolia subsp. jaubertiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 698 (2002)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. andorrana (Braun-Blanq.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula cochleariifolia var. jaubertiana (Timb.-Lagr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula jaubertiana subsp. andorrana (Braun-Blanq.) P.Monts.; Aport. Conoc. Fl. Andorra 115 (1951)

= Campanula linifolia var. jaubertiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula pusilla subsp. jaubertiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 199 (1894)

= Campanula pusilla var. jaubertiana (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 76 (1908)

species :

Campanula jordanovii Ančev & Kovanda; Preslia 61(3): 196 (1989)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria

13 BUL KOS SRB

species :

Campanula jurjurensis (Chabert) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): (1902)

Distribution: Algeria

20 ALG

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula kahenae Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 60 (1928)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. jurjurensis (Pomel) Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 28 (1889)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. rotundata Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 36: 28 (1889)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. jurjurensis (Chabert) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 47 (1953)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. kahenae (Maire) Quézel; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 48 (1953)

species :

Campanula justiniana Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 245 (1906)

Distribution: ?NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia

13 CRO SLV

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula balcanica subf. justiniana (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 242 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia subsp. justiniana (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 537 (1930)

= Campanula linifolia var. justiniana (Witasek) Jáv.; Magyar Fl. 1077 (1925)

species :

Campanula kachetica Kantsch.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, n. s. 5: 2 (1931)

Distribution: Armenia

33 ARM

species :

Campanula kamariana Kyriak., Liveri & Phitos; Fl. Medit. 27: 132 (2017)

Distribution: S-Greece (S-Peloponnisos: Mani peninsular)

13 GRC

species :

Campanula kantschavelii Zagar.; Bot. Zhurn. S.S.S.R. 21: 285 (1936)

Distribution: Azerbaijan

33 AZE

species :

Campanula karabaghensis Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 95(11): 1623 (2010)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

species :

Campanula karadjana Bocq.; Compt. Rend. Séances Soc. Phys. Genève, Ser. 2, 3: 90 (1968)

Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula betonicifolia subsp. karadjana (Bocquet) Alçitepe; Pakistan J. Bot. 43(5): 2243 (2254 publ. 2011), et Ot Sist. Bot. Derg. 21(1): 34 (2015)

species :

Campanula karakuschensis Grossh.; Izv. Azerbaidžansk. Fil. 1-2: 118 (1939)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hakkiarica P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 24: 32 (1962)

= Campanula minsteriana Grossh.; Izv. Azerbaidžansk. Fil. 2: 257 (1936)

= Fedorovia karakuschensis (Grossh.) Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 97(3): 687 (1980)

= Theodorovia karakuschensis (Grossh.) Kolak.; Kolokol´chik. Kavkaza 51 (1991), et ex Oganesyan, Fl. Rastitel´nost´ Rastitel´nye Resursy Armen. 12: 38 (1991)

species :

Campanula kastellorizana Carlström; Willdenowia 15(2): 384 (1986)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kastellorhizo Isl.: Ro Isl.)

34 EAI

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated. Near C. rhodensis and possibly identical

species :

Campanula keniensis Thulin; Bot. Not. 128(3): 350 (1975 publ. 1976)

Distribution: Kenya

25 KEN

species :

Campanula kermanica (Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.) Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] Campanulac., 18 (1965)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, S-Iran)

34 IRN

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula incanescens subsp. kermanica Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 87: 10 (1950)

= Campanula incanescens var. kermanica (Rech.f., Aellen & Esfand.) Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777): 10: 220 (1980)

species :

Campanula khorasanica (Rech.f. & Aellen) Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger], Campanulac. 17 (1965)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (EC-Iran, E-Iran)

32 TKM 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula incanescens f. khorasanica (Rech.f. & Aellen) Parsa; Flore de l´Iran (Publ. Univ. Teheran 1777): 10: 221 (1980)

= Campanula incanescens subsp. khorasanica Rech.f. & Aellen; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 87: 10 (1950)

species :

Campanula kiharae Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 131 (1956)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan)

34 AFG

species :

Campanula kirikkoleensis A.A.Donamez & Güner; Karaca Arbor. Mag. 2: 115 (1994)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula kolakovskyi Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 13: 108 (1947)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Campanula kolenatiana C.A.Mey. ex Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 216 (1867)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula akhverdovii Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 15: 18 (1949)

species :

Campanula komarovii Maleev; Izv. Glavn. Bot. Sada S.S.S.R. 29: 424 (1930)

Distribution: W-Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), sibirica agg. (near Muehlbergella)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula sibirica subsp. komarovii (Maleev) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 166 (2000)

species :

Campanula kotschyana A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 481 (1839)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon)

34 LEB TUR

species :

Campanula koyuncui H.Duman; Edinburgh J. Bot. 56(3): 357 (1999)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula kurdistanica Advay & Maroofi; Iran. J. Bot. 21(1): 36 (2015)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Campanula laciniata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 165 (1753)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Sifnos, Folegandros, Sikinos, Amorgos, Astipalea, Anafi); Crete (scattered); East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)

13 GRC KRI 34 EAI

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula erucifolia Feer; J. Bot. 28: 268 (1890)

= Campanula laciniata Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier], Suppl. (1886) 339, nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula lactiflora M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 153 (1808)

Name: Milky Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (New Hampshire [I])

10 grb 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 71 cdn 75 usa

Remarks: group 01 sensu Xu & Hong, to be recombined into Musschia or kept in a separate genus closeby

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula biserrata K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 29 (1847)

= Campanula celtidifolia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 111 (1856)

= Campanula hispida Fisch. ex Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 1: 199 (1813)

= Campanula lactiflora f. coerulea Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 569 (1894)

= Campanula lactiflora var. glabra Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 390 (1876)

= Campanula lactiflora var. glabriuscula K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 643 (1850)

= Campanula lactiflora var. hirta K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 643 (1850), nomen

= Campanula lactiflora var. olympica Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 284 (1846)

= Campanula lactiflora var. pilosa Trautv.; Pl. Casp.-Caucas. 96 (1877)

= Campanula volubilis Willd. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 98 (1819)

= Gadellia biserrata (K.Koch) A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 96(6): 100 (1991)

= Gadellia lactiflora (M.Bieb.) Schulkina; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 16: 178 (1979)

species :

Campanula lamondiae Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 109: 173 (1973)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Campanula lanata Friv.; Flora 19: 434 (1836)

Name: Woolly bellflower

Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; USA [I] (Massachusetts [I])

13 BUL NMA 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula velutina Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 1889(2): 54 (1890), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Fisch. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey.; Reise Sibir. [Middendorff] 1(2, 3): 60 (1856)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning); Mongolia

32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.), status uncertain, often included in C. rotundifolia s. l.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula chinganensis A.I.Baranov; Phyton (Horn) 6: 57 (1955)

= Campanula linifolia f. langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengartn. ed. 3, 1: 566 (1894)

= Campanula linifolia var. langsdorffiana A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 279 (1830)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Vodop.; Vysokogornaya Fl. Stanovogo Nagor´ya: 139 (1972)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 309 (1894)

species :

Campanula lasiocarpa Cham.; Linnaea 4: 39 (1829)

Name: Mountain harebell

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Northern Territories, Yukon); USA (Washington State)

31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 73 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula algida Fisch. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 338 (1830)

= Campanula lasiocarpa f. albiflora Tatew.; Trans. Sapporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 13: 382 (1934)

= Campanula lasiocarpa f. duplex Kadota; J. Jap. Bot. 91(2): 108 (2016)

= Campanula sajanensis Spreng. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 270 (1841), nom. inval.

= Campanula stelleri Stephan ex Herd.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 1: 299 (1873)

species :

Campanula latifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 165 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. latifolia

Name: Breitblättrige Glockenblume (DE), Giant Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], Scotland, Shetland Isl. [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; N-Spain (Pyrénées, Cordillera Cantabrica); France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai); Russian Far East [I] (Kuril Isl. [I]); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Pakistan (Swat, Hazara, Astor); India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Canada [I] (Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Maine [I], Pennsylvania [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 DEN FIN GRB ire NOR SWE 11 AUT bgm CZE GER HUN net POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 40 IND PAK 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula brunonis Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1285 (1829), nomen

= Campanula eriocarpa M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 149 (1808)

= Campanula latifolia f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 567 (1894)

= Campanula latifolia f. macrantha (Fisch. ex Hornem.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 567 (1894)

= Campanula latifolia subsp. eriocarpa (M.Bieb.) Juel, E.Markl. & Örtendahl; Index Sem. (Uppsala) 1919: 5 (1920)

= Campanula latifolia var. alpestris Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl. 106 (1820)

= Campanula latifolia var. canescens Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 73 (1879)

= Campanula latifolia var. eriocarpa (M.Bieb.) Fisch. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 265 (1830)

= Campanula latifolia var. fimbriata K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 29 (1846)

= Campanula latifolia var. intermedia Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 72 (1879)

= Campanula latifolia var. leiocarpa Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 72 (1879)

= Campanula latifolia var. macrantha (Fisch. ex Hornem.) Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1(2): 402 (1864), isonym

= Campanula latifolia var. macrantha (Fisch. ex Hornem.) Erhardt, Götz & Seybold; Grosse Zander 2: 1825 (2008), isonym

= Campanula latifolia var. macrantha (Fisch. ex Hornem.) Sims; Bot. Mag. 52: t. 2553 (1825)

= Campanula latifolia var. natolica Fisch.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 5: 47 (1840)

= Campanula latifolia var. richenii Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 3(1): 303 (1924)

= Campanula macrantha Fisch. ex Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl. 23 (1819)

= Campanula macrantha var. polyantha Hook.; Bot. Mag. 61: t. 3347 (1834)

= Campanula urticifolia All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 110 (1785), nom. illeg.

= Drymocodon latifolium (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Rapunculus latifolius (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 277 (1904)

= Trachelioides latifolia (L.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 98 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. megrelica (Manden. & Kuth.) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 281 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula megrelica Manden. & Kuth.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 18: 62 (1955)

species :

Campanula lavrensis (Tocl & Rohlena) Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 460 (1965)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Athos, Sithonia peninsula, Samothraki, Limnos)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula andrewsii subsp. breueri Tocl & Rohlena; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 49: 2 (1902)

= Campanula andrewsii var. lavrensis Tocl & Rohlena; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 1902(49): 2 (1902)

= Campanula lavrensis var. breueri (Tocl & Rohlena) Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 461 (1965)

= Campanula rupestris f. breueri (Tocl & Rohlena) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 525 (1930)

= Campanula rupestris f. lavrensis (Tocl & Rohlena) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 525 (1930)

species :

Campanula leblebicii Yıld.; Phytotaxa 376(2): 115 (2018)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula ledebouriana Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 477 (1873)

Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), ledebouriana agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ledebourii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 905 (1875) (nom. illeg.)

= Hemisphaera ledebouriana (Trautv.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 166 (1984)

species :

Campanula lehmanniana Bunge; Beitr. Fl. Russl. 211 (1852)

subspecies :

subsp. lehmanniana

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula capusii (Franch.) Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 289 (1957)

= Campanula lehmanniana subsp. capusii (Franch.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 226 (2002)

= Campanula lehmanniana subsp. integerrima Kamelin ex Rassulova; Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 9: 526 (1988)

= Campanula lehmanniana var. capusii Franch.; Pl. David. 115 (1884)

= Hyssada lehmanniana (Bunge) Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 103(1): 151 (1981)

subspecies :

subsp. pseudohissarica Kamelin ex Rassulova; Fl. Tadzhiksk. S.S.R. 9: 525, 156 (1988)

Distribution: Tajikistan

32 TZK

species :

Campanula leucantha Gilli; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 68: 87 (1963)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Kabul, Parwan); Pakistan

34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Campanula leucoclada Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 109 (1856)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Farah, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Wardak, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Waziristan, Kurram, Chitral)

34 AFG 40 PAK

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula griffithii Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 22 (1858)

species :

Campanula leucosiphon Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 64 (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula lezgina (Alex. ex Lipsky) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 36: 46 (1980)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan

33 AZE NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Symphyandra lezgina Alex. ex Lipsky; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6(1): 68 (1902)

species :

Campanula lingulata Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 65 (1801)

Distribution: S-Italy; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; SW-Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (south to Mt. Pelion, also Thasos)

13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SRB TUE

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula capitata Sims; Bot. Mag. 21: t. 811 (1805)

= Campanula cichoriacea Sm.; Fl. Graec. [Sibthorp] 3: 7 (1819)

= Campanula hungarica Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 191 (1805)

= Campanula ligulata Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 191 (1805)

= Campanula lingulata var. capitata (Sims) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula lingulata var. cichoracea (Sm.) Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 288 (1846)

= Campanula lingulata var. intybacea Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 288 (1846)

= Campanula lingulata var. tenuiflora (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula tenuiflora Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 207 (1827)

= Lacara capitata (Sims) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1838)

= Lacara scabra Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1838)

= Lacara villosa Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1838)

= Marianthemum lingulatum (Waldst. & Kit.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 48 (1853)

species :

Campanula litvinskajae Ogan.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 46: 216 (2015)

Distribution: S-European Russia

14 RUS

species :

Campanula longisepala Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 97 (1965)

Distribution: SW-France

12 FRA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula longistyla Fomin; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 6(3): 37 (1904)

Distribution: W-Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), sibirica agg. (near Muehlbergella)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bzybica Jabr.-Kolak.; Trudy Sukhumsk. Bot. Sada 11: 457 (1958)

= Campanula schischkinii Kolak. & Sachokia; Spisok Rast. Gerb. Fl. S.S.S.R. Bot. Inst. Vsesojuzn. Akad. Nauk 12: 113 (1953)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. longistyla (Fomin) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 165 (2000)

species :

Campanula lourica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 70 (1849)

Distribution: Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran)

34 IRN

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula luristanica Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 791 (1897)

Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)

34 IRN

Remarks: group 04-2 sensu Xu & Hong, to be transferred into Legousia s. l.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula humillima var. luristanica (Freyn) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 28 2: 459 (1911)

= Wahlenbergia luristanica Freyn; Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 791 (1897)

species :

Campanula lusitanica Loefl.; Iter Hispan. [Loefling] 111 (1758)

subspecies :

subsp. lusitanica

Distribution: Portugal; Spain (fairly widespread); Gibraltar; Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I])

12 GIB POR SPA 21 mdr

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula durieui Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 1: 401 (1841)

= Campanula erinoides Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 3: 20 (1800), nom. illeg.

= Campanula erinoides L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 44 (1767)

= Campanula loeflingii Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 287 (1804)

= Campanula loeflingii var. durieui (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 482 (1879)

= Campanula loeflingii var. filiformis Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 2, 2: 108 (1862)

= Campanula loeflingii var. matritensis (A.DC.) Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 2, 2: 108 (1862)

= Campanula loeflingii var. occidentalis Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 2, 2: 107 (1862)

= Campanula longipes Coss. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 482 (1879)

= Campanula loreyi A.Blanco ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 282 (1879), nom. inval.

= Campanula lusitanica subsp. matritensis (A.DC.) Franco; Nov. Fl. Portugal, ed. 2: 569 (1984)

= Campanula lusitanica subsp. transtagana (R.Fern.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Campanula lusitanica var. maura Murb.; Contr. Fl. Maroc [Murbeck] 2: 50 (1923)

= Campanula lusitanica var. pseudophrygia Lacaita; Cavanillesia 3: 22 (1930)

= Campanula lusitanica var. puberula C.Vicioso; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 6(2): 78 (1946)

= Campanula matritensis A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 332 (1830)

= Campanula patula var. lusitanica (Loefl.) Pau; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 20: 181 (1921)

= Campanula patula var. matritensis (A.DC.) Pau; Bol. Soc. Iber. Ci. Nat. 20: 181 (1921)

= Campanula ramosissima Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 269 (1841), nom. inval.

= Campanula transtagana R.Fern.; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 36: 121 (1962)

subspecies :

subsp. specularioides (Coss.) Aldasoro & L.Sáez; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 59(1): 173 (2001)

Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. de Grazalema, Serrania da Ronda)

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula elatines Bouton ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 295 (1868), nom. illeg.

= Campanula specularioides Coss.; Notes Pl. Crit. 1(2): 41 (1849)

species :

Campanula luzhijiangensis Huan C.Wang & T.T.Wang; PhytoKeys 206: 50, figs. 1-3 (2022)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Campanula lycica Kit Tan & Sorger; Pl. Syst. Evol. 155: 96, t. 2A-Ab (1987)

Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula lyrata Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 588 (1785)

Distribution: European Turkey; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Ikaria, Samos, Fourni, Dodecanese, Kos, Nisyros, Simi); Turkey (Central Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

13 TUE 33 GEO 34 EAI TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula esculenta Candargy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 148 (1897), nom. illeg.

= Campanula lyrata subsp. icarica Runemark ex Phitos; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 44 (1976)

= Campanula lyrata var. albostrigosa Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 43: 321 (1929)

= Campanula lyratella Feer; J. Bot. 28: 269 (1890)

= Campanula nisyria Papatsou & Phitos; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 34: 204 (1975) (fide Strid 2024)

= Campanula sorgerae Phitos; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 45 (1976)

species :

Campanula macrochlamys Boiss. & A.Huet; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 111 (1856)

Distribution: Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey

33 AZE 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata var. artwinensis Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 206 (1887)

= Sachokiella macrochlamys (Boiss. & A.Huet) Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 118(3): 595 (1985)

species :

Campanula macrorhiza J.Gay ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 302 (1830)

subspecies :

subsp. macrorhiza

Distribution: SE-France; Monaco; NW-Italy; Corsica

12 COR FRA MCO 13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.); often included as subspecies or completely in C. rotundifolia

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alpina f. squamulosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 151 (1934)

= Campanula cuatrecasasii Pau; Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona 12: 442 (1929)

= Campanula cuatrecasasii var. gaditana C.Vicioso; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 6(2): 78 (1946)

= Campanula hispanica f. minor Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 21 (1936)

= Campanula linearifolia Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 270 (1936), nom. illeg.

= Campanula macrorhiza f. nicaeensis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 150 (1934)

= Campanula macrorhiza f. squamulosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 149 (1934)

= Campanula macrorhiza subsp. aitanica (Pau ex O.Bolòs & Vigo) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15: 699 (2002)

= Campanula macrorhiza subsp. litardierei (Guin.) Guin.; Fl. France [Guinochet & de Vilmorin] 1363 (1982) (comb. inval.)

= Campanula macrorhiza subvar. gracilis Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula macrorhiza subvar. puberula Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. ludoviciana Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. pubescens A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 301 (1830)

= Campanula marianii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 274 (1936)

= Campanula nicaeensis Risso; Fl. Nice 303 (1844)

= Campanula rotundifolia proles macrorhiza (J.Gay ex A.DC.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 80 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. aitanica Pau ex O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. litardierei Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 72 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. macrorhiza (J.Gay ex A.DC.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 199 (1894)

= Campanula rotundifolia subvar. gracilis Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia subvar. puberula Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. aitanica Pau ex O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. alcoiana O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. eulitardierei Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. ludoviciana Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 74 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. macrorhiza (J.Gay ex A.DC.) Bég.; Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 185 (1903)

= Campanula sanctae-balmae Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 283 (1936)

= Campanula suffruticosa Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 270 (1936)

subspecies :

subsp. catalanica (Podlech) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15: 699 (2002)

Distribution: S-France (Pyrénées); Andorra; NE-Spain

12 ADO FRA SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hispanica subsp. catalanica Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 70 (1965)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. catalanica (Podlech) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. catalanica (Podlech) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

subspecies :

subsp. gypsicola (Costa) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15: 699 (2002)

Distribution: NE-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula gypsicola (Costa) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 70 (1902)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. gypsicola Costa; Introd. Fl. Cataluña 163 (1864)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. gypsicola (Costa) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

species :

Campanula macrostachya Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 213 (1809)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; NE-Greece (Rodopi); E-European Russia; Ukraine; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)

11 HUN SLO 13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 RUS UKR 34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), glomerata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cervicaria subsp. macrostachya (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Tacik; Fl. Polska 12: 65 (1971)

= Campanula cervicaria var. multiflora Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 6: 12 (1842)

= Campanula macedonica Boiss. & Orph. ex Freyn; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 618 (1888), nom. illeg.

= Campanula multiflora Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 3: 292 (1811)

species :

Campanula macrostyla Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 65 (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula macrostyla f. rosea Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 569 (1894)

= Sicyocodon macrostylus (Boiss. & Heldr.) Feer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 613 (1890)

species :

Campanula mairei Pau ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 19: 59 (1928)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula herminii var. atlantica Jahand. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 14: 71 (1923)

= Campanula mairei f. cordatifolia Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 367 (1937)

= Campanula mairei f. ramosa Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 44 (1953)

= Campanula mairei var. anremerica Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 26: 29 (1930 publ. 1931)

= Campanula mairei var. atlantica (Jahand. & Maire) Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 26: 29 (1931)

= Campanula mairei var. flahaultiana Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 221 (1935 publ. 1936), nom. inval.

= Campanula mairei var. tenera Emb. & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 199 (1932)

species :

Campanula malatyaensis Mutlu & Karakuc; Phytotaxa 234(3): 288 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula marchesettii Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 32 (1902)

Distribution: Italy (Apennines); Slovenia; Croatia

13 CRO ITA SLV

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. marchesettii (Witasek) E.Mey.; Seznam [Opiz] 257 (1852)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. marchesettii (Witasek) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 562 (1927)

= Campanula scheuchzeri Marches.; Fl. Trieste [Marchesetti] 354 (1897), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula mardinensis Bornm. & Sint.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 20: 31 (1905)

Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq)

34 IRQ TUR

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula incanescens var. exappendiculata Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 165 (1915)

species :

Campanula mariae-ceballosiae Fern.Prieto, Arjona, Sanna & Cires; Doc. Jard. Bot. Atlántico 11: 280 (2014)

Distribution: Spain (Asturias)

12 SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula martinii F.Fen., Pistarino, Peruzzi & Cellin.; Phytotaxa 111(1): 30 (2013)

Distribution: N-Italy (Trentino-Alto Adige, Lombardia)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula massalskyi Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 78 (1905)

Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)

33 ARM 34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., incanescens agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ketzkhovelii Sosn.; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 15: 20 (1949)

= Campanula ketzkhovelii Sosn. ex Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] 4: 69 (1934)

species :

Campanula medium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 167 (1753)

Name: Marien-Glockenblume (DE), Canterbury Bells (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Slovakia [I]; Hungary [I]; Spain [c]; France; Italy; Slovenia [I]; Croatia [I]; Romania [I]; European Turkey [I]; Crimea [I]; Tajikistan [I]; Taiwan [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], Michigan [I], Montana [I], Oregon [I], Washington State [I]); Mexico [I]; Colombia [I]; Ecuador [I]; Bolivia [I]

10 grb 11 aut ger hun slo 12 FRA spa 13 cro ITA rom slv tue 14 kry 32 tzk 38 tai 42 jaw 51 nzl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 79 mex 82 clm 83 bol ecu

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), medium subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bourdiniana Gand.; Fl. Lyon. [Gandoger] 146 (1875)

= Campanula florida Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 127 (1796)

= Campanula grandiflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 334 (1779), nom. illeg.

= Campanula medium f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 564 (1894)

= Campanula medium f. caesia Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 564 (1894)

= Campanula medium f. calycantha Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 564 (1894)

= Campanula medium f. calycanthema Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 331 (1915)

= Campanula medium f. coerulea Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 564 (1894)

= Campanula medium f. rosea Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 564 (1894)

= Campanula medium f. striata Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 564 (1894)

= Campanula medium var. bourdiniana (Gand.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula medium var. calycanthema Nicholls; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 48: 295 (1895)

= Marianthemum grandiflorum Czerw. & L.Schwarz; Index Sem. (Cracow) 1871: 9 (1872)

= Marianthemum medium (L.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 48 (1853)

= Medium grandiflorum Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 9: 553 (1838)

= Rapuntia media (L.) Chevall.; Fl. Gen. Env. Paris, ed. 2, 2: 526 (1836)

= Sykoraea hortensis Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 94 (1852)

= Talanelis medium (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1838)

species :

Campanula mekongensis Diels ex C.Y.Wu; Yunnan Trop. Subtrop. Fl. Res. Rep. 58, t. 26, f. 4 (1965)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula merxmuelleri Phitos; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 5: 121 (1963)

Distribution: Greece (Skiros Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (Psara Isl.)

13 GRC 34 EAI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

species :

Campanula micrantha Bertol.; Fl. Ital. [Bertoloni] 7: 623 (1851)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula apennina (Podlech) Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 216 (1970)

= Campanula marchesettii subsp. apennina Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 85 (1965)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. micrantha (Bertol.) Tanfani; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 8: 98 (1888)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. micrantha (Bertol.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2 [Arcangeli]: 637 (1894)

species :

Campanula microdonta Koidz.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 33: 221 (1919)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula punctata var. microdonta (Koidz.) Ohwi; (1965)

= Campanula punctata subsp. microdonta (Koidz.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 7 (1957)

species :

Campanula microphylloidea D.Y.Hong; Phytotaxa 227(2): 199 (2015)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Campanula mirabilis Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 228 (1895); et Prodr. Fl. Colchic. 158 (1895)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula regina Albov; Nature 54: 46 (1896)

species :

Campanula moesiaca Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 1892: 385 (1893)

Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; NE-Greece

13 BIH BUL GRC KOS SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula moesiaca var. oblongifolia K.Malý; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 57: 184 (1907)

species :

Campanula mollis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 237 (1762)

Distribution: SE-Spain; Gibraltar; Morocco; Algeria

12 GIB SPA 20 ALG MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula filicaulis var. maroccana Pau; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1927: 634 (1928)

= Campanula malacitana Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 17: 56 (1907)

= Campanula malacitana var. almeriensis Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 17: 58 (1907)

= Campanula malacitana var. gibraltarica Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 17: 58 (1907)

= Campanula malacitana var. gienensis Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 17: 58 (1907)

= Campanula microphylla Cav.; Anales Ci. Nat. 3: 19 (1801)

= Campanula microphylla f. umbricola Font Quer; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1929, no. 428, in sched. (1930)

= Campanula microphylla var. longicornis Pau; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1929, no. 426, in sched. (1930)

= Campanula mollis f. hosmariensis Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 52 (1927)

= Campanula mollis f. longicornis (Pau ex Maire) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 31 (1953)

= Campanula mollis f. transiens Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 33 (1953)

= Campanula mollis subsp. microphylla (Cav.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 238 (1830)

= Campanula mollis subsp. winkleri (Lacaita) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 13: 280 (1984)

= Campanula mollis var. canescens Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 33 (1953)

= Campanula mollis var. gienensis (Degen & Hervier) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sér. Bot. 12: 441 (1929)

= Campanula mollis var. hosmariensis (Maire) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 33 (1953)

= Campanula mollis var. lasiantha Lara; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 18: 38 (1889)

= Campanula mollis var. longicornis Pau ex Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 732 (1934)

= Campanula mollis var. maroccana (Pau) Font Quer; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1927: 634 (1928)

= Campanula mollis var. mesatlantica Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 32 (1953)

= Campanula mollis var. microphylla (Cav.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 238 (1830)

= Campanula mollis var. oranensis Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 52 (1927 publ. 1928)

= Campanula mollis var. parviflora Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 22: 63 (1875), nomen

= Campanula mollis var. pseudovelata Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 28: 367 (1937)

= Campanula mollis var. rifana Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 52 (1927 publ. 1928)

= Campanula mollis var. tlemcenensis Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 32 (1953)

= Campanula mollis var. umbricola (Font Quer) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 32 (1953)

= Campanula mollis var. winkleri Lacaita; Cavanillesia 3: 23 (1930)

= Campanula velata var. rifana Maire; Cavanillesia 4: 16 (1931)

= Campanula velutina Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 180 (1798)

= Campanula velutina subsp. winkleri (Lacaita) G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 53: 304 (1980)

= Campanula velutina var. almeriensis (Degen & Hervier) G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53: 305 (1980)

= Campanula velutina var. gibraltarica (Degen & Hervier) G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53: 306 (1980)

= Campanula velutina var. glaberrima Escud. & Pajarón; Lazaroa 14: 200 (1994)

= Campanula velutina var. malacitana (Degen & Hervier) G.López ex M.Laínz & Fern.Casas; Fontqueria 21: 50 (1988)

= Campanula velutina var. maroccana (Pau) G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53: 305 (1980)

= Campanula velutina var. microphylla (Cav.) G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53: 306 (1980)

= Campanula velutina var. rifana (Emb. & Maire) G.López; Bol. Soc. Brot. 53: 306 (1980)

species :

Campanula monodiana Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 34: 136 (1943)

Distribution: S-Libya; N-Chad (Tibesti)

20 LBY 24 CHA

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula montenegrina I.Janković & D.Lakušić; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 180(1): 77 (2015)

Distribution: Montenegro; Albania

13 ALB MNT

species :

Campanula monteverdensis Gardère; Candollea 76(1): 32 (2021)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Sao Vicente)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula jacobaea var. humilis Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 9: 51 (1861)

species :

Campanula moravica (Spitzn.) Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. Bohemoslov. 3: 409 (1968)

subspecies :

subsp. moravica

Name: Mährische Glockenblume

Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Croatia; Serbia; Romania; Belarus; C-European Russia; Ukraine

11 AUT CZE HUN SLO 13 CRO ITA ROM SRB 14 BLR RUS UKR

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. moravica (Spitzn.) Barina; Phytotaxa 378: 323 (2018)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. moravica Spitzn.; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 31: 193 (1892)

subspecies :

subsp. xylorrhiza (O.Schwarz) Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. Bohemoslov. 3: 409 (1968)

Distribution: Austria; Croatia; Serbia

11 AUT 13 CRO SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bertolae subsp. xylorrhiza (O.Schwarz) Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 85 (1965)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. xylorrhiza O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1(1): 118 (1949)

species :

Campanula morettiana Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 4: 18 (1826)

Name: Dolomiten-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: N-Italy (Dolomites)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula brachysepala Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 325 (1854), nom. superfl.

= Campanula filiformis Moretti; Giorn. Fis. Chim. Storia Nat. Med. Arti, Dec. 2, 9: 155 (1826)

= Campanula hispida Port. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 304 (1830), nom. inval.

species :

Campanula mugeana Yıld.; Nordic J. Bot. 31(4): 419 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula munzurensis P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 24: 31 (1962)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula myrtifolia Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 69 (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula myrtifolia var. caerulea Yıldırım, Deniz & Altıoğlu; Herb. Turc. 1: 38, figs. 1-3 (2022)

= Tracheliopsis myrtifolia (Boiss. & Heldr.) O.Schwarz & P.H.Davis; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 35: sub t. 3498, p. 2 (1951), in adnot.

= Tracheliopsis tauricum Contandr., Quézel & Pamukç.; Ann. Univ. Provence Sci. 46: 59 (1971 publ. 1972). genus spelt incorrectly,see ´Trachelioides´.

= Trachelium myrtifolium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 962 (1875)

species :

Campanula nakaoi Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 15(4): 108-109 (1954)

Distribution: Tibet; Nepal

36 TIB 40 NEP

Remarks: group 04-1 sensu Xu & Hong 2020. Will soon be merged into a well defined Phyteuma s. l.

species :

Campanula nejceffii Marinov & Stoyanov; Phytotaxa 329(1): 73 (2017), nom. nov.

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rotundifolia f. nejceffii Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 538 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. bulgarica Nejčeff; God. Sofiisk. Univ. 2: 140 (1906)

species :

Campanula neocervicaria Nábělek; Spisy Přír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 70: 5 (1926)

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

34 IRN IRQ

species :

Campanula numidica Durieu; Expl. Sci. Algérie, Atlas: t. 62, Fig. 4 (1849)

Distribution: Algeria

20 ALG

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula nuristanica Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] Campanulac., 10, 25 (1965), in clavi

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Parwan)

34 AFG

species :

Campanula odontosepala Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 66 (1849)

Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 AZE 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula faucium Ponert; Preslia 44: 50, t. IV, f. 1-3 (1972)

= Campanula repens (Karpiss.) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR) 155 (1995), nom. illeg.

= Symphyandra odontosepala (Boiss.) Esfand.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38(3): 447 (1980)

= Symphyandra repens Karpiss.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 84(6): 121 (1979)

species :

Campanula oligosperma Damboldt; Fl. Turkey 6: 46 (1978)

Distribution: +Turkey (+E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula crassifolia Hub.-Mor. & Simon; Bauhinia 2: 197, t. 10 a-c (1963) (non Nees (1824))

= Campanula glaucophylla Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35(1): 49 (1976) (nom. illeg.)

species :

Campanula olivieri A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 233 (1830)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Folegandros Isl.)

13 GRC

Remarks: very similar to C. orphanidea

species :

Campanula olympica Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 34 (1844)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)

13 BUL KOS SRB 33 AZE GEO 34 TUR

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hemschinica K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 644 (1850)

= Campanula hemschinica var. dasycarpa K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 645 (1850)

= Campanula hemschinica var. leiocarpa K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 645 (1850), nomen

= Campanula patula var. confertiflora Trautv.; Pl. Messes 69 (1874)

= Neocodon hemschinicus (K.Koch) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 28 (1984)

species :

Campanula omeiensis (Z.Y.Zhu) D.Y.Hong & Z.Y.Li; Pl. Mt. Emei 484 (2007)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Adenophora omeiensis Z.Y.Zhu; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 13(2): 141 (1991)

species :

Campanula orbelica Pančić; Elem. Fl. Bulg. 30 (1886)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria

13 ALB BUL KOS NMA SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str., alpina agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alpina subsp. orbelica (Pančić) Pančić; Spis. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 147 (1923)

species :

Campanula oreadum Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 107 (1856)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Greece (Mt. Olimbos, Mt. Pieria)

13 GRC NMA

species :

Campanula oreodoxa Arjmandi & Memariani; Phytotaxa 521(3): 194 (2021)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Campanula orphanidea Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 897 (1875)

Distribution: Bulgaria; NE-Greece (incl. Mt. Athos)

13 BUL GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bellidifolia Friv. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879), nom. inval.

= Campanula bulgarica Davidov; Trav. Soc. Bulg. Sci. Nat. 8: 91 (1915), nom. illeg., non Witasek

= Campanula calaminthifolia Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 286 (1843), nom. illeg.

= Edraianthus calaminthifolius (Griseb.) Degen; Bot. Közlem. 31: 63 (1934)

= Petkovia orphanidea (Boiss.) Stef.; God. Sofiisk. Univ. Agron.-Lesov. Fak. 2, Lesov. 14(2): 98 (1936)

= Symphyandra pangaea Heldr. & Charrel; Géogr. Bot. Salonique 29 (1892)

species :

Campanula ossetica M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 145 (1819)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; ?Georgia [Caucasus]

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Symphyandra ossetica (M.Bieb.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 366 (1830)

species :

Campanula ovacikensis Yıld.; Ot Sist. Bot. Derg. 17(2): 57 (2010)

subspecies :

subsp. ovacikensis

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

subspecies :

subsp. capitellata (Damboldt) Yıld.; Ot Sist. Bot. Derg. 17(2): 58 (2010)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ptarmicifolia var. capitellata Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35(1): 49 (1976)

species :

Campanula pallida Wall.; Asiat. Res. 13: 375 (1820)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Parwan); China (W-Guizhou, W-Sichuan, Yunnan); S-Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara, Murree, Kurram, N. W. Frontier Prov., Peshawar, Chitral, Swat, Gilgit, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Mandalay, Shan); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 LAO MYA THA VIE

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula colorata var. anomala Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 23 (1857)

= Campanula colorata var. moorcroftiana A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 295 (1830)

= Campanula colorata var. ramulosa (Wall.) Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 23 (1858)

= Campanula colorata Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 101-102 (1824)

= Campanula himalayensis Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar [Klotzsch & Garcke] 73 (1862)

= Campanula hoffmeisteri Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar [Klotzsch & Garcke] 74 (1862)

= Campanula microcarpa C.Y.Wu; Yunnan Trop. Subtrop. Fl. Res. Rep. 1: 60, pl. 27, f. 1 (1965)

= Campanula moorcroftiana Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1288 (1830), nomen

= Campanula nepetifolia H.Lév. & Vaniot; Fl. Kouy-Tcheou 57 (1914), nomen

= Campanula nervosa Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 253 (1835), nomen

= Campanula ramulosa Wall.; Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 100 (1824)

= Campanula wightii Gamble; Fl. Madras 740 (1921)

variant :

var. tibetica (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 59(9): 270 (1975)

Distribution: Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Astor, Baltistan, Gilgit); NW-India (Dras, Ladakh, Zanskar, etc.)

36 TIB 40 IND PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula colorata var. tibetica Hook.f. & Thomson; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 2: 23 (1858)

species :

Campanula pamphylica (Contandr., Quézel & Pamukç.) Akçiçek & Vural; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 42(6): 407 (2005)

subspecies :

subsp. pamphylica

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula argaea subsp. pamphylica Contandr., Quézel & Pamukç.; Ann. Univ. Provence Sci. 46: 54 (1971 publ. 1972)

subspecies :

subsp. afyonica Akçiçek & Vural; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 42(6): 408 (2005)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

subspecies :

subsp. tokurii (Ocak) Akçiçek & Vural; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 42(6): 408 (2005), nom. illeg.

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula tokurii Ocak; Israel J. Pl. Sci. 51(4): 321 (2003)

species :

Campanula pangea Hartvig; Willdenowia 28(1-2): 65 (1998)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Pangaion)

13 GRC

species :

Campanula papillosa Halácsy ex Maire & Petitm.; Étud. Pl. Vasc. Grèce 4: 145 (1908)

Distribution: S-Greece (Mt. Taygetos)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula papillosa Halácsy; Bull. Séances Soc. Sci. Nancy, Ser. 3, 9: 387 (1908)

species :

Campanula paradoxa Kolak.; Byull. Glavn. Bot. Sada 102: 39 (1976)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

species :

Campanula parryi A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 395 (1878)

Name: Parry´s bellflower

Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming)

73 USA 76 USA 77 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula langsdorffiana A.Gray; Amer. J. Sci. Arts, Ser. 2, 34: 254 (1862), nom. illeg.

= Campanula planiflora Engelm.; Bot. Gaz. 7: (1882) 5

= Campanula rentoniae Senior; Rhodora 51: 302 (1949)

variant :

var. idahoensis McVaugh; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 69: 241 (1942)

Name: Idaho bellflower

Distribution: USA (Idaho, Montana, Washington State)

73 USA

species :

Campanula patula L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 163 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. patula

Name: Wiesen-Glockenblume (DE), Spreading Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Sardinia; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; ?Bulgaria; N-Greece (incl. Samothraki, Sithonia peninsula); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia [I], W-Siberia); Iran (N-Iran); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], New Hampshire [I], New York [I])

10 den FIN GRB nor swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 34 IRN 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula allionii subsp. monanthos (Pant.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 207 (1889)

= Campanula bellidifolia Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées Suppl. 36 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Campanula brachiata Seidl ex Opiz; Böhm. Phan. Crypt. Gew. 168 (1823)

= Campanula brodensis Formánek; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 81 (1890)

= Campanula chrysogonii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 283 (1936)

= Campanula costae Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 294 (1868)

= Campanula csepeliensis Gand.; Dec. Pl. Nov. [Gandoger] 2: 22 (1876)

= Campanula decurrens L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 164 (1753)

= Campanula flaccida (Wallr.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(1): 456 (1911) (non (A. DC.) D. Dietr., Syn. Pl. 1: 752 (1839))

= Campanula monanthos Pant.; Verh. Vereins Natur- Heilk. Presburg, n. s. 2: 54 (1871)

= Campanula neglecta Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 104, 121 (1820) (non Besser (1816)

= Campanula patens Gueldenst. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 887 (1846)

= Campanula patula f. bicolor Merino; Contr. Fl. Galicia 274 (1897)

= Campanula patula f. eriocarpa (Spenn.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 361 (1916)

= Campanula patula f. parva Merino; Fl. Galicia [Merino] 2: 300 (1906)

= Campanula patula f. punctata (Wallr.) L.Gross; Mitt. Bad. Bot. Vereins 210/211: 82 (1906)

= Campanula patula f. serratisepala (Murr) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 361 (1916)

= Campanula patula f. stricta (Wallr.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 361 (1916)

= Campanula patula subsp. costae (Willk.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 2: 482 (1879)

= Campanula patula subsp. debilis Kuvaev; Fl. Okrestnostei Znamenskogo 150 (1992)

= Campanula patula subsp. eriocarpa (Spenn.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 152 (1834)

= Campanula patula subsp. flaccida (Wallr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17(1-2): 124 (1971 publ. 1972)

= Campanula patula subsp. neglecta O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1(1): 118 (1949)

= Campanula patula subsp. peterfii (Soó ex Jáv.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 23: 391 (1977 publ. 1978)

= Campanula patula var. adenocarpa W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 469 (1837), nom. illeg.

= Campanula patula var. albiflora Syr.; Ill. Fl. Mosk. Gub. 3: 225 (1910)

= Campanula patula var. arcuata J.Becker; Fl. Frankfurt 1: 265 (1827)

= Campanula patula var. calycina Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 223 (1830)

= Campanula patula var. calycina Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 294 (1868)

= Campanula patula var. calyciserrata Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 119 (1917)

= Campanula patula var. costae (Willk.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula patula var. dasycarpa W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 541 (1838)

= Campanula patula var. decurrens (L.) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 103 (1819)

= Campanula patula var. flaccida Syr.; Ill. Fl. Mosk. Gub. 3: 225 (1910), nom. illeg.

= Campanula patula var. flaccida Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 85 (1822)

= Campanula patula var. glauca Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 128 (1867)

= Campanula patula var. grandiflora A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 480 (1839)

= Campanula patula var. hirsuta Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 439 (1866)

= Campanula patula var. latifolia A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 329 (1830)

= Campanula patula var. macrocalyx Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 128 (1867)

= Campanula patula var. neglecta Schult. ex Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 223 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula patula var. parva Merino; Fl. Galicia [Merino] 2: 300 (1906)

= Campanula patula var. pauciflora A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 329 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula patula var. peterfii (Soó ex Jáv.) Soó; Bot. Közlem. 23: 153 (1926)

= Campanula patula var. pilosa Wahlenb.; Fl. Suec. [Wahlenberg] 1: 133 (1824)

= Campanula patula var. platyphylla Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 128 (1867)

= Campanula patula var. serratisepala Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 20: 27 (1902)

= Campanula patula var. stricta Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 25 (1852), nom. illeg.

= Campanula patula var. stricta Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 85 (1822)

= Campanula patula var. thyrsiflora Kuntze; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 207 (1887)

= Campanula patula var. uniflora Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 410 (1837)

= Campanula pinifolia Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 57: 92 (1881), nom. illeg.

= Neocodon patulus (L.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

= Rapunculus patulus (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

subspecies :

subsp. abietina (Griseb. & Schenk) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 383 (1887)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovakia; Serbia; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine

11 ger SLO 13 BUL ROM SRB 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula abietina Griseb. & Schenk; Arch. Naturgesch. (Berlin) 18(1): 333 (1852)

= Campanula patula var. pauciflora Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar. 42 (1826)

= Campanula patula var. vajdae (Pénzes) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67(3): 281 (1973)

= Campanula stefanoffii Hermann; Izv. Bulg. Bot. Družh. 3: 43 (1929)

= Campanula vajdae Pénzes; Bot. Közlem. 38: 193 (1941)

= Neocodon abietinus (Griseb. & Schenk) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 28 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. alekovyi Ančev; God. Sofiisk. Univ. "Kliment Okhridski" Biol. Fak., 2 Bot. 85: 196 (1994)

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

subspecies :

subsp. epigaea (Janka ex Degen) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 546 (1930)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; North Macedonia (Mt. Pelister); NE-Greece (Samothraki)

13 BUL GRC KOS NMA SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula epigaea Janka ex Degen; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 194 (1891)

= Campanula patula f. velenowskyi (Adamović) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 547 (1930)

= Campanula velenowskyi Adamović; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 408 (1892)

subspecies :

subsp. jahorinae (K.Malý) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 11: 40 (1981)

Distribution: Italy; Croatia

13 CRO ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula jahorinae (K.Malý) Landolt; Veröff. Geobot. Inst. ETH Stiftung Rübel Zürich 53: 72 (1975)

= Campanula patula var. jahorinae K.Malý; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 57: 184 (1907)

species :

Campanula pelia (Halácsy) Hausskn. & Sint. ex Phitos; Phyton (Horn) 10: 126 (1963)

Distribution: C-Greece (Thessalia, incl. Mt. Ossa, Mt. Pelion, Mt. Othrys)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula andrewsii var. pelia (Hausskn. ex Bedd.) Halácsy; Magyar Bot. Lapok 11: 170 (1912)

= Campanula patenticalyx Bocquet; Compt. Rend. Séances Soc. Phys. Genève, n. s. 3: 90 (1968)

= Campanula thessala Maire; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 68: 376 (1921 publ. 1922), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula pelviformis Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 586 (1785)

Distribution: Crete (C- & E-Crete)

13 KRI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula corymbifera Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 2: 64 (1811), nom. illeg.

= Campanula corymbosa Desf.; Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 11: 139 (1808)

= Campanula corymbosa var. parviflora K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 28 (1846)

= Campanula pelviformis var. corymbosa (Desf.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula pelviformis var. micrantha A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 224 (1830)

species :

Campanula pendula M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 154 (1808)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alliariifolia Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 3: 345 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Campanula antiqua (Kolak.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Fl. Abkhazii, ed. 2, 1: 130 (1980)

= Campanula transcaucasica (Sommier & Levier) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 36: 46 (1980)

= Symphyandra antiqua Kolak.; Trudy Sukhumsk. Bot. Sada 24: 98, fig. 1 (1978)

= Symphyandra pendula (M.Bieb.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 366 (1830)

= Symphyandra pendula var. transcaucasica Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 316 (1900)

= Symphyandra transcaucasica (Sommier & Levier) Grossh.; Opred. Rast. Kavk. 424 (1949)

= Symphyandra transcaucasica (Sommier & Levier) Kharadze; Fl. Abkhazii 4: 182 (1949)

species :

Campanula peregrina L.; Mant. Pl. Altera [Linnaeus] 204 (1771)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)

34 CYP LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: group 01 sensu Xu & Hong, to be recombined into Musschia or kept in a separate genus closeby

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula alata Bové ex Vatke; Linnaea 38: 710 (1874), nom. illeg.

= Campanula decurrens Zuccagni; Cent. Observ. Bot. 16 (1806), nom. illeg.

= Campanula hirsutissima Guss. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 316 (1830)

= Campanula lanuginosa Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 584 (1785)

= Campanula orientalis Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 269 (1841)

species :

Campanula perpusilla A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 474 (1838)

Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran)

34 IRN IRQ

Remarks: group 04-2 sensu Xu & Hong, to be transferred into Legousia s. l.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula escalerae Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 13: 22 (1965), nom. nov. for C. violifolia Pau [synonym fide Zeraatkar & Nasab 2023]

= Campanula violifolia Pau; Trab. Mus. Ci. Nat., Ser. Bot., 14: 38 (1918) (non Lam. (1783))

species :

Campanula persepolitana Kotschy ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 19 (1846)

Distribution: Iran (S-Iran)

34 IRN

species :

Campanula persicifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 164 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. persicifolia

Name: Pfirsichblättrige Glockenblume (DE), Peach-leaved Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (incl. Thasos, Samothraki, Athos); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus [I]; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (W-Siberia); ?Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, WN-Anatolia); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], New Brunswick [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], Michigan [I], North Carolina [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 DEN FIN grb ire NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 blr EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 33 NCS 34 TUR 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula amygdalifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 126 (1796), nom. superfl.

= Campanula attenuata Ledeb. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 729 (1824)

= Campanula cristallocalyx Adamović; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 74: 141 (1903)

= Campanula dasycarpa Kit. ex Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 404 (1814)

= Campanula decurrens T.Hoppe; Geraische Fl. [Hoppe] 14 (1774), nom. illeg.

= Campanula hispida Lej.; Fl. Spa, Suppl. 2: 298 (1813)

= Campanula humilis Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula lanceolata J.Presl & C.Presl; Fl. Čech. 49 (1819), nom. illeg.

= Campanula linifolia L.; Fl. Monsp. [Linnaeus] 12 (1756)

= Campanula magellensis Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): XV (1811)

= Campanula persicifolia f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 570 (1894)

= Campanula persicifolia f. coronata Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 570 (1894)

= Campanula persicifolia f. eriocarpa (W.D.J.Koch) Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; Fl. Centralkarpath. [Sagorski & Gus.Schneid.] 371 (1891)

= Campanula persicifolia f. kirschlegeri Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 366 (1966)

= Campanula persicifolia subsp. hispida (Lej.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 153 (1834)

= Campanula persicifolia subsp. subpyrenaica (Timb.-Lagr.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Campanula persicifolia subvar. hispida (Lej.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 68 (1908)

= Campanula persicifolia subvar. pumila (F.W.Schmidt) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879)

= Campanula persicifolia var. acutangula Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 70 (1801)

= Campanula persicifolia var. alpina Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866)

= Campanula persicifolia var. angustiflora Brenner; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 34: 131 (1908)

= Campanula persicifolia var. angustifolia A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 322 (1830)

= Campanula persicifolia var. calycina Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 185 (1827)

= Campanula persicifolia var. crystallocalyx (Adamović) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 545 (1930)

= Campanula persicifolia var. cupularis Brenner; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 22: 6 (1895)

= Campanula persicifolia var. dasycarpa (Kit.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 323 (1830)

= Campanula persicifolia var. eriocarpa Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866)

= Campanula persicifolia var. eriocarpa Syr.; Ill. Fl. Mosk. Gub. 3: 226 (1910), nom. illeg.

= Campanula persicifolia var. eriocarpa W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 470 (1837)

= Campanula persicifolia var. glaberrima Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866)

= Campanula persicifolia var. grandiflora Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 99 (1788), nom. inval., et 252 (1789)

= Campanula persicifolia var. grandiflora Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866)

= Campanula persicifolia var. grandiflora Walther; Fl. Giessen 231 (1802), nom. inval.

= Campanula persicifolia var. hispida (Lej.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 323 (1830)

= Campanula persicifolia var. hispida (Lej.) Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa 47 (1825)

= Campanula persicifolia var. hispida A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(2): 479 (1839)

= Campanula persicifolia var. hispidior Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 87 (1879)

= Campanula persicifolia var. humillima Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 438 (1866)

= Campanula persicifolia var. laevicaulis Korsh.; Tent. Fl. Ross. Orient. 273 (1898)

= Campanula persicifolia var. lanceolata Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 269 (1841)

= Campanula persicifolia var. lasiocalyx Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 420 (1853)

= Campanula persicifolia var. lasiocarpa Korsh.; Tent. Fl. Ross. Orient. 273 (1898)

= Campanula persicifolia var. leiocarpa K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 644 (1850), nomen

= Campanula persicifolia var. macrantha A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 322 (1830), nom. superfl.

= Campanula persicifolia var. maxima Sims; Bot. Mag. 12: t. 397 (1798)

= Campanula persicifolia var. monstrosa Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 439 (1866)

= Campanula persicifolia var. parviflora Freyn; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 618 (1888), nom. illeg.

= Campanula persicifolia var. parviflora Kirschl.; Fl. Alsace 1: 276 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Campanula persicifolia var. parviflora Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss.: ?(1846)

= Campanula persicifolia var. pumila (F.W.Schmidt) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 106 (1819)

= Campanula persicifolia var. pumila Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 205 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Campanula persicifolia var. reflexa Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 454 (1911)

= Campanula persicifolia var. subpyrenaica (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879)

= Campanula persicifolia var. suskalovicii Adamović; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 74: 141 (1903)

= Campanula persicifolia var. uniflora Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 409 (1837)

= Campanula pumila F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm., Cent. 2: 71 (1793 publ. 1794)

= Campanula racemosa var. grandiflora Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 333 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rapunculus var. subpyrenaica (Timb.-Lagr.) Vayr.; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 30: 541 (1902)

= Campanula speciosa Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 50 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula stenopoda Gand.; Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 19 (1883)

= Campanula subpyrenaica Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 4, 5: 387 (1855)

= Campanula thessala Gand.; Contr. Fl. Terr. Slav. Merid. 1: 21 (1883)

= Campanula vesula All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 108 (1785)

= Neocodon persicifolius (L.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

= Rapunculus persicifolius (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

subspecies :

subsp. sessiliflora (Velen.) Fed. ex Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 12: 36 (1982)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Slovenia; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria

11 ger 13 BUL KOS SLV SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula persicaster F.Herm.; Fl. N. Mitteleur. 977 (1956)

= Campanula persicifolia var. latisepala Degen & Dörfl.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 64: 728 (1897)

= Campanula persicifolia var. sessiliflora Velen.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 16 (1892)

= Campanula persicifolia var. snjagovi Velchev & P.Vassil.; Izv. Bot. Inst. (Sofia) 24: 249 (1973)

= Campanula sessiliflora K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 30 (1846), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula peshmenii Güner; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 287 (1983)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., incanescens agg.

species :

Campanula petiolata A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 278 (1830)

Distribution: Canada (Nunavut, N. W. T., Yukon, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan); USA (Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State, Wyoming, North Dakota, Nebraska, South Dakota, Arizona, California, Utah, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)

70 CDN 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula macdougalii Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 28: 25 (1901)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. petiolata (A.DC.) J.K.Henry; Fl. S. Brit. Columbia 283 (1915)

= Campanula sacajaweana Peck; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 50: 123 (1937)

= Campanula stylocampa Eastw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 525 (1902)

species :

Campanula petraea L.; Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 2: 926 (1759)

Distribution: France; Italy (S-Alps, very local)

12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula albicans (Buser) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], Nachtr. 2-4: 319 (1897)

= Campanula cephalaria var. gnaphalophylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 335 (1854)

= Tracheliopsis albicans Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 531 (1894)

= Tracheliopsis petraea (L.) Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 528 (1894)

species :

Campanula petrophila Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 212 (1867)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula petrophila var. angustifolia Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 71 (1905)

= Campanula petrophila var. borbalensis Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 216 (1867)

= Campanula petrophila var. exappendiculata Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 320 (1900)

= Campanula petrophila var. linoides Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 214 (1867)

= Campanula petrophila var. longiflora Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 214 (1867)

= Campanula tridentata var. petrophila (Rupr.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 58 (1879)

species :

Campanula phitosiana Yıldırım & Şentürk; Phytotaxa 399(1): 30 (2019)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula phrygia Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 3: t. 233 (1848)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; N-Greece (south to Thessalia, incl. Thasos, Chalkidiki); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (Rift Valley)

13 ALB BUL GRC KOS SRB TUE 34 ISR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bosniaca Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 27(5): 97 (1892)

= Campanula phrygia f. velutina (Griseb.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 548 (1930)

= Campanula ramosissima Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 282 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Campanula ramosissima var. velutina Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 283 (1846)

= Campanula tillischii O.Schwarz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 142 (1934)

species :

Campanula phyctidocalyx Boiss. & Noë; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 114 (1856)

Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

34 IRN TUR

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula amabilis Leichtlin; Bull. Soc. Tosc. Ortic. 339

= Campanula phytidocalyx var. sulcata Parsa; Fl. Iran [Parsa] 10: 226 (1980)

species :

Campanula pinatzii Greuter & Phitos; Boissiera 13: 134 (1967)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Kasos, Karpathos)

34 EAI

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula drabifolia subsp. pinatzii (Greuter & Phitos) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

species :

Campanula pindicola Aldén; Bot. Not. 129: 308 (1976)

Distribution: NW-Greece (Pindos, etc.)

13 GRC

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong. Status uncertain.

species :

Campanula pinnatifida Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 2: 198 (1963)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)

34 TUR

variant :

var. germanicopolitana Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 2: 199 (1963)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

variant :

var. robusta Hub.-Mor.; Bauhinia 2: 199 (1963)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula piperi Howell; Fl. N.W. Amer. [Howell] 409 (1901)

Name: Olympic bellflower (EN)

Distribution: USA (Washington State)

73 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Astrocodon piperi (Howell) A.P.Khokhr.; Analiz Fl. Kolymskogo Nagor´ya: 122 (1989)

= Campanula piperi f. sovereigniana English; Little Gard. 12: 13 (1940)

species :

Campanula podocarpa Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 68 (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains)

34 CYP TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cypria Rech.f.; Ark. Bot., a. s. 1: 432 (1951)

species :

Campanula polyclada Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] Campanulac., 9, in clavi, 19 (1965)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Kabul, Logar, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Pakistan

34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Campanula pontica Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 116 (1894)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

33 GEO 34 TUR

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Neocodon ponticus (Albov) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

species :

Campanula portenschlagiana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 93 (1820)

Name: Dalmatinische Glockenblume (DE), Adria Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Germany [I]; Channel Isl. [I] (Alderney [I], Guernsey [I], Jersey [I]); Italy [I]; San Marino [I]; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Bolivia [I]

10 grb ire 11 ger 12 cis 13 BIH CRO ita sma 83 bol

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula affinis Rchb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Campanula muralis Port. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 303 (1830)

= Campanula portenschlagiana f. grandiflora Soljan; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosne Hercegovine Sarajevu Prír. Nauke, n. s. 29: 46 (1990)

= Campanula portenschlagiana var. hirsuta Soljan; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosne Hercegovine Sarajevu Prír. Nauke, n. s. 29: 46 (1990)

= Campanula portenschlagiana var. pubescens A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 476 (1839)

= Campanula portenschlagiana var. pumila Soljan; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosne Hercegovine Sarajevu Prír. Nauke, n. s. 29: 45 (1990)

species :

Campanula poscharskyana Degen; Magyar Bot. Lapok 7: 103 (1908)

Name: Kriechende Glockenblume (DE), Trailing Bellflower (EN)

10 grb ire 11 ger 12 cis 13 CRO 51 ctm nzl

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

species :

Campanula postii (Boiss.) Engl.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl] IV, 5: 319 (1897)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Syria (NW-Syria)

34 IRQ SYR TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula amana Rech.f.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 57: 85 (1950)

= Campanula postii subsp. shepardii (Post) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 80 (1956)

= Campanula shepardii Post; Bull. Herb. Boissier 1: 25 (1893)

= Diosphaera hysterantha Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 13: 39 (1965)

= Diosphaera postii (Boiss.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 338 (1921)

= Tracheliopsis postii (Boiss.) Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 527 (1894)

= Tracheliopsis postii subsp. shepardii (Post) P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 80 (1956)

= Trachelium postii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier], Suppl. 336 (1888)

species :

Campanula praesignis Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2(2): 1105 (1892)

Distribution: Austria (NE-Alps)

11 AUT

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula breynina (Beck) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 231 (1930)

= Campanula lanceolata var. praesignis (Beck) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 215 (1930)

= Campanula praesignis var. breynina Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1105 (1893)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. praesignis (Beck) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 353 (1916)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. breynina (Beck) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 354 (1916)

species :

Campanula precatoria Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Ser. 7, 5: 271 (1873)

Distribution: NE-Spain; Andorra; France (C-Pyrénées)

12 ADO FRA SPA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula lanceolata subsp. precatoria (Timb.-Lagr.) H.Marcailhou & A.Marcailhou; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Suppl. 151 (1907)

= Campanula lanceolata var. hirsuta (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 74 (1908)

= Campanula lanceolata var. major (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 74 (1908)

= Campanula lanceolata var. precatoria (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula lanceolata var. tenuifolia (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 74 (1908)

= Campanula loretiana Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 88 (1902)

= Campanula precatoria var. hirsuta Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 7, 5: 272 (1873)

= Campanula precatoria var. major Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 7, 5: 272 (1873)

= Campanula precatoria var. tenuifolia Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 7, 5: 272 (1873)

species :

Campanula propinqua Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. [St. Petersburg (Petropolitanus)] 2: 32 (1835)

Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Syria (NW-Syria); Saudi Arabia (Asir)

33 ARM AZE 34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR 35 SAU

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula balansae Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 931 (1875)

= Campanula hispidissima Hochst.; Wanderungen Morgenl. [Lorent] 331 (1845)

= Campanula pestalozzae Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 62 (1849)

= Campanula propinqua var. parviflora Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1929: 229 (1929)

= Megalocalyx propinqua (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kolak.; Kolokol´chik. Kavkaza 125 (1991), nom. inval.

= Roucela propinqua (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Kharadze; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 32: 55 (1976)

species :

Campanula psilostachya Boiss. & Kotschy; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 113 (1856)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, S-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Asyneuma psilostachyum Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 348 (1921)

= Podanthum psilostachyum (Boiss. & Kotschy) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 94.8 (1875)

species :

Campanula ptarmicifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 579 (1785)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula pterocaula Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 20: 34 (1905)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula pubicalyx (P.H.Davis) Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 47 (1976)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Tracheliopsis pubicalyx P.H.Davis; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 79 (1956)

species :

Campanula pulla L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 163 (1753)

Distribution: Austria (NE-Alps)

11 AUT

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula macrocalyx Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 441 (1866)

= Campanula pseudopulla Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 441 (1866)

= Campanula pulla var. pseudopulla (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879)

= Campanula pulla var. ramosa A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 288 (1830)

species :

Campanula pulvinaris Hausskn. & Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 20: 29 (1905)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), ledebouriana agg.

species :

Campanula punctata Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1(2): 586 (1785)

Name: Spotted bellflower (EN), Punktierte Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Siberia (Chita, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); China (E-Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, W-Henan, W-Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi, NE-Sichuan); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); USA [I] (New Hampshire [I])

11 ger 30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 75 usa

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hybrida Rodigas; Ill. Hort. 30: 118 (1883), nom. illeg.

= Campanula nobilis Lindl.; J. Hort. Soc. London 1: 232 (1846)

= Campanula nobilis var. alba Van Houtte ex Planch.; Fl. Serres Jard. Eur. 6: 95 (1850)

= Campanula punctata f. albiflora T.Shimizu; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 37: 120 (1989)

= Campanula punctata f. impunctata N.Yonez.; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 35: 41 (1987)

= Campanula punctata f. partita Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 19: 148 (1905)

= Campanula punctata f. rubriflora (Makino) T.Shimizu; Fl. Jap. [Iwatsuki et al., eds.] 3a: 411 (1993)

= Campanula punctata var. litoralis Konta & S.Matsumoto; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31: 138 (2005)

= Campanula punctata var. maritima Konta & S.Matsumoto; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31: 138 (2005)

= Campanula punctata var. rubriflora Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 156 (1908)

= Campanula punctata var. takesimana (Nakai) Y.N.Lee; Fl. Korea [Lee] 1161 (1996)

= Campanula takesimana f. alba T.B.Lee; Seoul Univ. J., Biol. Ser. 20: 186 (1969)

= Campanula takesimana Nakai; Veg. Dagelet 42 (1919)

= Campanula vanhouttei Carrière; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 50: 420 (1878)

= Campanula violae Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 192 (1805), nom. illeg.

= Campanula violifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 587 (1785)

variant :

var. hondoensis (Kitam.) Ohwi; Fl. Jap. [Ohwi], revised ed. 851 (1965)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hondoensis Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 212 (1936)

= Campanula punctata subsp. hondoensis (Kitam.) Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 17: 7 (1957)

species :

Campanula pyramidalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 164 (1753)

Name: Pyramiden-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: France [I]; Channel Isl. [I]; NE-Italy (Triest area); S-Slovenia; S-Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina

12 cis fra 13 CRO ITA

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula pyramidalis f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 568 (1894)

= Campanula pyramidalis var. calycina A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 310 (1830)

= Campanula pyramidalis var. compacta Anon.; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 47: 86 (1894)

= Campanula umbellifera Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 333 (1854), nom. superfl.

species :

Campanula quercetorum Hub.-Mor. & C.Simon; Bauhinia 2: 200 (1963)

subspecies :

subsp. quercetorum

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str., incanescens agg.

subspecies :

subsp. densiflora Yıldırım; Türl. Hab. 4(2): 80 (2023)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula raddeana Trautv.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 10: 395 (1866)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula brotheri Sommier & Levier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 4: 199 (1897)

= Campanula kemulariae Fomin; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 289 (1937)

species :

Campanula radicosa Bory & Chaub.; Nouv. Fl. Pelop. 14 (1838)

Distribution: Greece (mountains of C-Greece, Mt. Killini, Mt. Taygetos)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula boissieri Spruner ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 915 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Campanula colettae Beauverd & Topali; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 30: 283 (1940)

species :

Campanula radula Fisch. ex Fenzl.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 395 (1860)

Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey; Iraq (NE-Iraq)

34 IRQ TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), glomerata agg.

species :

Campanula raineri Perp.; Bibliot. Ital. (Milan) 5: 134 (1817)

Name: Insubrische Glockenblume

Distribution: Italy (SE-Alps)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula perpentiae Moretti ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 305 (1830)

= Campanula reyneri D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 749 (1839)

= Campanula sessiliflora Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 327 (1854), nom. superfl.

species :

Campanula ramosissima Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 137 (1806)

subspecies :

subsp. ramosissima

Distribution: Italy; Albania; Greece (W-, C- & S-Greece, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Kithira); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)

13 ALB GRC ITA 34 TUR

Remarks: group 10 (ramosissima agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula baldensis Balb.; Cat. Stirp. (1813): 20 (1813)

= Campanula lorei Pollini; Elem. Bot. [Pollini] 2: 149 (1811)

= Campanula ramosissima var. glabrescens Hausskn.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 8: 63 (1895)

= Campanula spathulifolia Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 483 (1879)

= Loreia baldensis Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 3: 82 (1836)

subspecies :

subsp. megapetala Stevanoski, Kuzmanović & D.Lakušić; Pl. Biosystems 158(1): 115 (2023)

Distribution: Montenegro

13 MNT

species :

Campanula rapunculoides L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 165 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. rapunculoides

Name: Acker-Glockenblume (DE), Creeping Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Scotland [I], Isles of Scilly [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I], Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark; Norway; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (NE-Greece, rare Mt. Ossa, Mt. Pelion, Chalkidiki); Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Khabarovsk [I], Primorye [I], Sakhalin [I]); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Sri Lanka [I]; Java [I]; New Zealand [I]; Alaska [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I], Saskatchewan [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New Mexico [I], Nevada [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Tennessee [I], Texas [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Mexico [I]; Ecuador [I]; Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]

10 DEN FIN grb ire NOR 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 rfe 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 40 srl 42 jaw 51 nzl 70 ask 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 77 usa 78 usa 79 mex 83 ecu 85 jnf

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula azurea Sol. & Banks ex Sims; Bot. Mag. 16: t. 551 (1802)

= Campanula bocconei J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat., ed. 13bis: 348 (1791), nom. illeg.

= Campanula chysnysuensis Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR) 154 (1995)

= Campanula contracta Mutis ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula crenata Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 214 (1821), nom. illeg.

= Campanula dumetorum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 922 (1875)

= Campanula elegans Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 105 (1819)

= Campanula elongata Port. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 277 (1830), nom. inval.

= Campanula foliosa Galushko; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 8: 266 (1971)

= Campanula glabricarpa Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 4: 10 (1821)

= Campanula grossheimii Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 15: 29 (1949)

= Campanula hortensis Meerb.; Pl. Select. Icon. Pict. 10 (1789)

= Campanula infundibuliformis Sims; Bot. Mag. 53: t. 2632 (1826)

= Campanula lunariifolia Willd. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 92 (1819)

= Campanula macrostachya Panz. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 121 (1819), nom. illeg.

= Campanula morifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 126 (1796), nom. illeg.

= Campanula neglecta Besser; Cat. Hort. Cremeneci (1816) 28, nom. illeg.

= Campanula neglecta Downar; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(1): 182 (1861)

= Campanula nemorosa A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 274 (1830)

= Campanula nutans Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 2: 336 (1779)

= Campanula oenipontana Moretti ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 269 (1830)

= Campanula pyramidiflora Rchb.; Index Sem. (Dresden) 1822: s. p. (1822)

= Campanula pyrenaica Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 269 (1841)

= Campanula racemosa Opiz ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 269 (1841)

= Campanula racemosa var. laxiflora Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 332 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula ranunculoides Uspenski; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 7: 369 (1834)

= Campanula rapunculiformis St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 547 (1889)

= Campanula rapunculoides f. crenata (Link) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 343 (1915)

= Campanula rapunculoides f. glabra (Peterm.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 343 (1915)

= Campanula rapunculoides f. secunda (F.W.Schmidt) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 343 (1915)

= Campanula rapunculoides f. trachelioides (M.Bieb.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 343 (1915)

= Campanula rapunculoides f. ucrainica (Besser) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 343 (1915)

= Campanula rapunculoides subsp. lunariifolia (Rchb.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 153 (1834)

= Campanula rapunculoides subvar. neglecta Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. albiflora Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 18 (1836), nom. inval.

= Campanula rapunculoides var. ciliata Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 89 (1822)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. elatior Mutel; Fl. Dauphiné, éd. 2: 413 (1848)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. glabra Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 275 (1846)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. glabrata Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 75 (1879)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. grandiflora K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 641 (1850)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. grandiflora Ortmann; Elbogn. Kreis Königr. Böhm. [Glückselig] 90 (1842), nom. inval.

= Campanula rapunculoides var. lunariifolia (Willd. ex Schult.) K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 641 (1850)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. macrophylla A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 268 (1830)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. megastachya Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 89 (1822)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. nana A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 269 (1830)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. nemorosa (A.DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. nutans Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 203 (1809)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. oenipontana A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 268 (1830)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. pallida Regel; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 1862: 29 (1862)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. parviflora Rosén & Wahlenb.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 8: 235 (1821)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. pauciflora Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 89 (1822)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. racemosa Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 275 (1846)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. ramosissima Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 437 (1866)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. reflexa Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 275 (1846)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. rigida Wallr.; Sched. Crit. 88 (1822)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. simplex K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 641 (1850)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. speciosa Knaf

= Campanula rapunculoides var. subsimplex Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 437 (1866)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. trachelioides (M.Bieb.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 269 (1830)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. trachelioides (M.Bieb.) Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 18 (1836)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. ucranica (Besser) K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 280 (1844)

= Campanula rhomboidalis Gorter; Fl. Ingr. 34 (1761), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rhomboidea L.; Syst. Veg., ed. 13 [J.A.Murray], 2: 173 (1770)

= Campanula rigida Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 51 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula rigida Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 333 (1812), nom. illeg.

= Campanula secunda F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm., Cent. 2: 74 (1793 publ. 1794)

= Campanula setosa Fisch. ex DC.; Monogr. Campan. 269 (1830), pro syn.

= Campanula setosa J.C.Wendl.; Bot. Beob. [Wendland] 42 (1798)

= Campanula speciosa Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 729 (1824), nom. illeg.

= Campanula trachelioides M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 150 (1808)

= Campanula ucranica Besser; Cat. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec, Suppl. 2: 6 (1814)

= Campanula urticifolia Turra; Giorn. Italia Sci. Nat. 1: 119 (1764)

= Cenekia rapunculoides (L.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 36 (1852)

= Cenekia rapunculoides var. racemosa (Peterm.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 36 (1852)

= Cenekia rapunculoides var. reflexa (Peterm.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 36 (1852)

= Cenekia rapunculoides var. speciosa (Knaf) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 36 (1852)

= Drymocodon rapunculoides (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Rapunculus redivivus E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 255 (1904), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. cordifolia (K.Koch) Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 45 (1976)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey; Australia [I] (Queensland [I])

33 GEO NCS 34 TUR 50 aus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cordifolia K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 29 (1846)

= Campanula rapunculoides f. cordifolia (K.Koch) Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic. 160 (1895)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. cordata K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 641 (1850)

= Campanula rapunculoides var. cordifolia (K.Koch) Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 94 (1906)

species :

Campanula rapunculus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 164 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. rapunculus

Name: Rapunzel-Glockenblume (DE), Rampion Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England (England, +Wales, Scotland [I]); Ireland [I] (Ireland [I]); Denmark [I]; Sweden [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; France; Corsica; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (N- & C-Greece, Thasos, Samothraki); +Latvia; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); New Zealand [I]

10 den GRB ire swe 11 AUT BGM GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA GIB POR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY LAT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 EAI IRN ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 51 nzl

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula calycina Boeber ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 104 (1819)

= Campanula castellana Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 1: 24 (1887)

= Campanula coarctata Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 48 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula decurrens Thore; Essai Chloris 64 (1803), nom. illeg.

= Campanula elatior Link & Hoffmanns.; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 11 (1813)

= Campanula esculenta Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 126 (1796), nom. superfl.

= Campanula fastigiata S.G.Gmel.; Reise Russland [S.G.Gmelin] 1: 153, t. 33 (1772), nomen

= Campanula glandulosa Banks ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 326 (1830)

= Campanula lusitanica f. bracteosa (Willk.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 601 (1913)

= Campanula lusitanica f. racemoso-paniculata (Willk.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 601 (1913)

= Campanula lusitanica f. verruculosa (Hoffmanns. & Link) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 601 (1913)

= Campanula lusitanica var. cymoso-spicata (Willk.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal [Coutinho] 601 (1913)

= Campanula patula var. rapunculus (L.) Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 128 (1867)

= Campanula racemosa var. paniculiformis Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 332 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rapuncula St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 121 (1880), orth. var.

= Campanula rapunculus f. collina Pančić; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien 6: 562 (1856)

= Campanula rapunculus f. hirsutissima Faure; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 14: 263 (1923)

= Campanula rapunculus f. hirta Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 186 (1838)

= Campanula rapunculus f. montana Pančić; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien 6: 562 (1856)

= Campanula rapunculus f. nitida Beck; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 2: 152 (1887)

= Campanula rapunculus f. pratensis Pančić; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Vereins Wien 6: 562 (1856)

= Campanula rapunculus subsp. verruculosa (Hoffmanns. & Link) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 482 (1879)

= Campanula rapunculus subsp. verruculosa (Hoffmanns. & Link) P.Silva; Bol. Soc. Brot. 60: 155 (1987), isonym

= Campanula rapunculus subvar. elatior (Link & Hoffmanns.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 482 (1879)

= Campanula rapunculus subvar. hirsutissima (Faure) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 735 (1934)

= Campanula rapunculus subvar. hirtula Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 199 (1932)

= Campanula rapunculus subvar. santae Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 40 (1953)

= Campanula rapunculus subvar. verruculosa (Hoffmanns. & Link) Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 52 (1927 publ. 1928)

= Campanula rapunculus var. bracteosa Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 130 (1893)

= Campanula rapunculus var. calycina (Boeber ex Schult.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 326 (1830)

= Campanula rapunculus var. calycosa Alef.; Landw. Fl. 195 (1866), nom. superfl.

= Campanula rapunculus var. culta Alef.; Landw. Fl. 195 (1866)

= Campanula rapunculus var. cymosospicata Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 294 (1868)

= Campanula rapunculus var. elatior (Hoffmanns. & Link) Lange; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 2, 2: 107 (1862)

= Campanula rapunculus var. glabrata Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal. 67 (1824)

= Campanula rapunculus var. grandiflora Font Quer ex Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 41 (1953)

= Campanula rapunculus var. hirsuta Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 439 (1866)

= Campanula rapunculus var. hirta Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 151 (1899), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rapunculus var. hirta Ten.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 575 (1889)

= Campanula rapunculus var. hirta Wirtg.; Prodr. Fl. Preuss. Rheinl. [Wirtgen] 107 (1842), nom. inval.

= Campanula rapunculus var. micrantha Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 119 (1917)

= Campanula rapunculus var. pancicii Adamović; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 577 (1904)

= Campanula rapunculus var. racemosopaniculata Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 294 (1868)

= Campanula rapunculus var. reclinata Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 284 (1846)

= Campanula rapunculus var. silvestris Alef.; Landw. Fl. 195 (1866)

= Campanula rapunculus var. strigulosa Batt.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Dicot. 576 (1889)

= Campanula rapunculus var. verruculosa (Hoffmanns. & Link) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 270 (1841)

= Campanula spicata Poir.; Voy. Barbarie 2: 123 (1789), non L.

= Campanula verruculosa Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. [Hoffmannsegg] 2: 12 (1813)

= Campanula virgata A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 483 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Neocodon rapunculus (L.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 27 (1984)

= Rapunculus esculentus E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 255, 277 (1904)

= Rapunculus verus Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

subspecies :

subsp. lambertiana (A.DC.) Rech.f.; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 13: 34 (1965)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Crimea; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iran; Israel; Jordania

13 BUL KOS SRB TUE 14 KRY 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN ISR JOR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hyrcania Wettst.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 69 (1885)

= Campanula lambertiana A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 327 (1830)

= Campanula rapunculus f. lambertiana (A.DC.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 571 (1894)

= Campanula rapunculus f. spiciformis (Boiss.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 571 (1894)

= Campanula rapunculus var. lambertiana (A.DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 940 (1875)

= Campanula rapunculus var. spiciformis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 939 (1875)

= Neocodon lambertianus (A.DC.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

species :

Campanula rashtiana Parsa; Fl. Iran [Parsa] 10: 266 (1980)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Campanula raveyi Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 32 (1844)

Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula reatina Lucchese; Fl. Medit. 3: 265 (1993)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

species :

Campanula rechingeri Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 470 (1965)

Distribution: Greece (Sporades: Piperi)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg., very similar to C. reiseri

species :

Campanula reiseri Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 47: 96 (1897)

Distribution: Greece (Sporades, Kiklades: Andros, Kea, Kithnos, Mikonos, Denousa)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula reiseri var. leonis Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 47: 96 (1897)

= Campanula reiseri var. pelagia Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 469 (1965)

species :

Campanula retrorsa Labill.; Icon. Pl. Syr., Dec. 5: 5, t. 3 (1812)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania); Iraq (NW-Iraq, NE-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia)

34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula adhaerens Ehrenb.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 943 (1875)

= Campanula dissoluta Schott & Kotschy; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 943 (1875)

= Campanula scabrida Hochst.; Wanderungen Morgenl. [Lorent] 331 (1845)

species :

Campanula reuteriana Boiss. & Bal; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 108 (1856)

Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Syria (Jazira)

34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cecilii Chitt.; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 89: 397 (1931), nomen

= Campanula cecilii Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 13: 12 (1965)

= Campanula propinqua var. grandiflora Milne-Redh.; Bot. Mag. 157: t. 9349 (1934)

species :

Campanula rhodensis A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 297 (1830)

Name: Kleine Rhodische Glockenblume (DE); Small Rhodian Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Simi, Rhodos)

34 EAI

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula drabifolia var. rhodensis (A.DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879)

species :

Campanula rhomboidalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 165 (1753)

Name: Rautenblättrige Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Netherlands [I]; Belgium [I]; Germany [I]; Switzerland; Austria; Czech Republic [I]; France; Italy; Bulgaria [I]

11 AUT bgm cze ger net SWI 12 FRA 13 bul ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rhodii proles songeonii (Chabert) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 173 (1908)

= Campanula rhomboidalis proles songeonii (Chabert) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 73 (1908)

= Campanula rhomboidalis f. cordifolia Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 622 (1911)

= Campanula rhomboidalis f. macrophylla Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 621 (1911)

= Campanula rhomboidalis f. microphylla Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 621 (1911)

= Campanula rhomboidalis f. paniculata Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 621 (1911)

= Campanula rhomboidalis f. reflexa (A.DC.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 568 (1894)

= Campanula rhomboidalis f. rubra (Anon.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 568 (1894)

= Campanula rhomboidalis subvar. hispida (St.-Lag.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 73 (1908)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. calycina Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 307 (1908)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. glabrescens Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 620 (1911)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. goudetiana P.Beauv.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 12: 11 (1920 publ. 1921)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. hispida St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 549 (1889)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. pilosa Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 621 (1911)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. polypetala A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 275 (1830)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. reflexa A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 275 (1830)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. songeonii (Chabert) Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 308 (1908)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. tuberosa Chabert; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 54: 307 (1908)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. uniflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 147 (1828)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. villosa Wohlf.; Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand]: 1271 (1893)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. rhomboidalis (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 199 (1894)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. songeonii (Chabert) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 7: 47 (1924)

= Campanula rubra Anon.; J. Fl. Jard. 1: 120 (1832)

= Campanula songeonii Chabert; Bull. Herb. Boissier 3: 146 (1895)

= Campanula venosa Willd.; Enum. Pl. [Willdenow], Suppl. 10 (1814)

= Rapunculus rhomboidalis (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 276 (1904)

species :

Campanula rimarum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 931 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: strigosa agg.

species :

Campanula robertsonii Gamble; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 187 (1913)

Distribution: Myanmar

41 MYA

species :

Campanula romanica Savul.; Teze Fac. Sti. Bucuresti 11(1): 60 (1916)

Distribution: Romania (Dobrogea)

13 ROM

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. romanica (Savul.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 538 (1930)

species :

Campanula rosmarinifolia Kerr; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1936: 35 (1936)

Distribution: N-Thailand

41 THA

species :

Campanula rotata D.Y.Hong; Phytotaxa 227(2): 196 (2015)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

Remarks: group 04-1 sensu Xu & Hong 2020. Will soon be merged into a well defined Phyteuma s. l.

species :

Campanula rotundifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 163 (1753) s. str.

subspecies :

subsp. rotundifolia

Name: Rundblättrige Glockenblume (DE), Harebell (EN)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (England, Wales, Isle of Man, Scotland, Outer Hebrides, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl.); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; ?N-Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); New Zealand [I]; Argentina [I] (Tierra del Fuego [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]

10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 51 nzl 85 arg 91 fal

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong. A highly complex group with many taxa of uncertain status. In Central Europe there are two distinct cytotypes which well might be separate species

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula allophylla Raf. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 282 (1830)

= Campanula angustifolia Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 2: 53 (1796)

= Campanula antirrhina Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 3: 10 (1815)

= Campanula arcuata var. subrhomboidalis Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 445 (1866)

= Campanula asturica Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 213 (1970) (non Pau 1893)

= Campanula balcanica f. racemosa (Krašan) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 241 (1934)

= Campanula bielzii Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)

= Campanula bocconei Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné [Villars] 1: 304 (1786)

= Campanula caballeroi Sennen & Losa; Diagn. Nouv. 276 (1936)

= Campanula carnica var. racemosa Krašan; Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 24: 58 (1887)

= Campanula cespitosa var. bocconei (Vill.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 266 (1841)

= Campanula cinerea Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 230 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Campanula confertifolia (Reut.) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 28 (1902)

= Campanula decloetiana Ortmann; Beitr. Gesammten Natur- Heilwiss. 3: 220 (1838)

= Campanula delicatula Sennen & Losa; Diagn. Nouv. 275 (1936), nom. illeg.

= Campanula diversifolia Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827), nom. illeg.

= Campanula diversifolia var. linarifolia Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827), nom. inval.

= Campanula diversifolia var. mixta Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827), nom. inval.

= Campanula diversifolia var. rotundifolia Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827), nom. inval.

= Campanula filiformis Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 53 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula grammosepala var. cardiophylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 324 (1854)

= Campanula grammosepala var. lobophylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 324 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula grammosepala var. spathiphylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 324 (1854)

= Campanula grammosepala Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 323 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula heterodoxa Bong.; Veg. Sitcha [Bongard] 144 (1833), nom. illeg.

= Campanula heterophylla Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 408 (1821 publ. 1822), nom. superfl.

= Campanula hostii Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 342 (1817)

= Campanula hostii var. uniflora A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 277 (1830)

= Campanula inconcessa Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 10 (1854)

= Campanula juncea Hill; Veg. Syst., ed. 8: 14 (1765)

= Campanula lanceolata Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Campanula lancifolia Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 445 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula legionensis Pau; Cavanillesia 1: 65 (1928)

= Campanula linifolia Schrank; Prim. Fl. Salisb. 70 (1792) (non L. 1759)

= Campanula linifolia var. heterodoxa (Vest ex Schult.) Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 2: 888 (1846)

= Campanula linifolia var. major Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 7, 5: 269 (1873)

= Campanula linifolia var. tenuifolia Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 7, 5: 269 (1873)

= Campanula lobata Schloss. & Vuk.; Fl. Croat. 949 (1869)

= Campanula lostrittii Ten.; Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol. 96 (1831)

= Campanula marchesettii var. calisii (Murr) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 440 (1912)

= Campanula minor Lam.; Fl. Franç. [Lamarck] 3: 339 (1779)

= Campanula minuta Savi; Cent. Fl. Etrusc. 2: 54 (1804)

= Campanula pennica Reut. ex Payot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29: (1882), orth. var.

= Campanula pennina Reut.; Compt.-Rend. Trav. Soc. Hallér. 1854-1856: 115 (1855), orth. var.

= Campanula pinifolia Uechtr. ex Pančić; Fl. Serbiae 438 (1874)

= Campanula poenina Reut. ex Tissière; Bull. Murith. Soc. Valais. Sci. Nat. 1868: 63 (1868)

= Campanula pseudovaldensis Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)

= Campanula pubescens Rchb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pusilla f. lobata (Schloss. & Vuk.) Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 57: 93 (1881)

= Campanula racemosa (Krašan) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 34 (1902), nom. illeg.

= Campanula reboudiana Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 415 (1853), pro syn.

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. lanceolata (Lapeyr.) Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur], ed. 2, 1: 141 (1828)

= Campanula rotunda Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 46 (1781), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula rotunda var. hederulifolia Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 46 (1782), opus utique oppr.

= Campanula rotundifolia proles bocconei (Vill.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 79 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. brachyantha Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 128 (1934)

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. bracteata Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. grandiflora Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 158 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. ovalifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. parviflora Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 158 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. perfoliosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 175 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subf. reflexa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. albiflora (G.Don) House; Bull. New York State Mus. Nat. Hist. 243-244: 21 (1923), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. albiflora Sugaw. ex H.Hara; Enum. Spermatophytarum Japon. 2: 96 (1952), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. borhidiana Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 366 (1966)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. calvescens Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 603 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. conferta Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 366 (1966), nom. superfl.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. dialypetala Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 36(2): 190 (1918)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. elata Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 165 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. frondosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. glabrescens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. graminifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. grandiflora Neuman; Bot. Not. 1896: 255 (1905)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. hirta (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. hirta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. hrubyana Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 (1966)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. laevis Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 72 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. latifolia (Brenner) Saelán; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 25: 78 (1900)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. latifrons Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 158 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. luxurians Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. micranthoides Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 (1966)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. ovalifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. ovata (Peterm.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. pusilla Saelán; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 25: 78 (1900), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. scabriuscula (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. serpentini Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 130 (1934)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. silvicola Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. soldanelliflora Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 567 (1894)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. subcongesta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia f. subhirta Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 (1966)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. subracemosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. subverruculosa Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 72 (1942)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. tenerrima Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 170 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. velutina (DC.) Nordh.; Norsk Fl. [Nordhagen]: 627 (1940)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. confertifolia (Reut.) Witasek; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 605 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. eurotundifolia Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 601 (1911), nom. inval.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. euxina (Velen.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 538 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. fennica Piirainen & Nurmi; Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 94: 102, figs. 1-2 (1918)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. heterodoxa (Vest ex Schult.) Tacik; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 17: 233 (1971)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. kemensis Piirainen & Nurmi; Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 94: 103, figs. 1, 3 (1918)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. legionensis (Pau) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Asturianos, Supl. Ci. 16: 191 (1973)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. linarifolia (Dumort. ex Hayek) Rothm.; Exkursionsfl. Deutschland [Rothmaler] 312 (1963), nom. inval.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. linifolia Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 104 (1813)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. montana P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 530 (2006), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. paenina (Reut. ex Tissière) Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 606 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pedemontana Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 604 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pennina (Reut.) Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 606 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pinifolia (Uechtr. ex Pančić) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 98 (1902)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pubescens (Gaudin) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 152 (1834)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. racemosa (Krašan) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 353 (1916)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. racemosa (Krašan) Maire & Petitmengin; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nancy, Sér. 3, 9: 388 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. racemosa (Krašan) Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 98 (1902)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. solstitialis (A.Kern.) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 353 (1916)

= Campanula rotundifolia subvar. pinifolia (Uechtr. ex Pančić) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subvar. tenuissima Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 175 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. albiflora G.Don; Gen. Hist. 3: 759 (1834)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. alpicola Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl. 105 (1820)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. altitatrica Tacik; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 17(2): 231 (1971), without type

= Campanula rotundifolia var. angustifolia (Lam.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 602 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. angustifolia Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 460 (1843)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. angustissima Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444 (1866)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. bielziana Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444 (1866)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. bocconei (Vill.) Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 104 (1813)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. bocconei (Vill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 909 (1939), isonym

= Campanula rotundifolia var. calisii Murr; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 84 (1899)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. confertifolia Reut.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Genève, ed. 2: 139 (1861)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. decloetiana (Ortmann) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. delitschiana Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 128 (1867)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. euxina Velen.; Fl. Bulg. [Velenovský], Suppl.: 185 (1898)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. flaccida Fresen.; Taschenb. Bot. Exkurs. 168 (1832), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. flexuosa C.Vicioso; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 6(2): 79 (1946)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. glabra Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 104 (1813)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. heterodoxa (Vest ex Schult.) Kurtz; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 391 (1894)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. hirta Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 3, 2: 155 (1826), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. hostii (Baumg.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. imbricata A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 282 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. integrifolia Merrem; Handb. Pflanzenk. [Merrem] 88 (1809)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. lanceolata Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 182 (1827)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. latifolia Brenner; Not. Sällsk. Fauna Fl. Fenn. Förh. 11(n. s. 8): 24 (1871)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. laxiflora Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1105 (1893)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. legionensis (Pau) Lacaita; Cavanillesia 3: 23 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. lineariifolia (Dumort.) Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2: 452 (1912)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. linifolia Hampe; Prodr. Fl. Hercyn. 17 (1836), nom. inval.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. linifolia Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 79 (1812)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. linifolia Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 98 (1788), nom. inval., et 250 (1789)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. linifolia Wahlenb.; Fl. Lapp. [Wahlenberg] 64 (1812)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. linifolia Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. [Wimmer & Grabowski] 1: 183 (1827), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. lubiciana Zalewski; Kosmos (Lvov) 5/6: 16 (1896)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. major (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 81 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. major A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 282 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. major Walther; Fl. Giessen 231 (1802)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. minor Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 1: 98 (1788), nom. inval., et 250 (1789)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. minor Walther; Fl. Giessen 231 (1802)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. minor Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 604 (1911)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. montana Syme; Engl. Bot., ed. 3B, 6: 13 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. ovata Peterm.; Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 272 (1846)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. papillifera Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 18 (1916)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. papillosa Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 118 (1917)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. parviflora Lange; Haandb. Danske Fl. 188 (1864), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. parviflora Lej.; Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 181 (1828)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. parviflora Wahlenb.; Fl. Upsal. 78 (1820), et Fl. Suec. [Wahlenberg] 1: 134 (1824)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pennina (Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. petiolata Behm; Bot. Not. 1887: 176 (1887)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pubescens DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3, Suppl. 432 (1815)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pubescens Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 144 (1828)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pygmaea Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 169 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pygmaea T.Wulff; Bot. Not. 1896: 60 (1896), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. reflexa Syr.; Ill. Fl. Mosk. Gub. 3: 221 (1910)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. saxatilis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 170 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. scabriuscula Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Deutschl. Fl. [Röhling], ed. 3, 2: 155 (1826)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. scopulicola Lamotte; Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 503 (1881)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. silvatica H.Post; Bot. Not. 1844: 124 (1844)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. soldanelliflora (Voss) L.H.Bailey; Cycl. Amer. Hort. [L.H.Bailey] 232 (1900)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. solstitialis (A.Kern.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1105 (1893)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. stenophylla Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 81 (1908), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. stricta Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 69 (1801)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. tenuifolia (Hoffm.) Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris 79 (1812)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. tenuifolia (Hoffm.) Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 24 (1852)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. tenuifolia A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7(2): 471 (1839)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. tenuifolia Hoffm. ex Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 188 (1805)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. uniflora Fresen.; Taschenb. Bot. Exkurs. 168 (1832)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. velutina DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], ed. 3, Suppl. 432 (1815)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. verlotii Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 79 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. vulgaris Wartm. & Schlatter; Ber. Thätigk. St. Gallischen Naturwiss. Ges. 1882/83: 245 (1884), nom. inval.

= Campanula sarmentosa Fenzl & Vuk.; Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 31: 105 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. heterodoxa (Vest ex Schult.) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 12 (1878)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. inconcessa (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula solstitialis A.Kern.; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 669 (1888)

= Campanula tenuifolia Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. [Hoffmann] 100 (1791)

= Campanula tracheliifolia Losa ex Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 274 (1936)

= Campanula urbionensis Rivas Mart. & G.Navarro; Opusc. Bot. Pharm. Complut. 5: 65 (1989)

= Campanula variifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 126 (1796), nom. illeg.

= Campanula wiedmannii Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 213 (1970)

= Depierrea campanuloides Schltdl.; Linnaea 16: 374 (1842)

= Rapunculus esculentus Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 437 (1841), nom. inval.

= Rapunculus rotundifolius (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 276 (1904)

subspecies :

subsp. hispanica (Willk.) Rivas Goday & Borja ex O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Man. Països Catalans 3: 661 (1996)

Distribution: N-Spain; SE-France; Corsica; Italy

12 COR FRA SPA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula balcanica var. hispanica (Willk.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 244 (1930)

= Campanula betetae Caball.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 2: 247 (1942)

= Campanula burgalensis Font Quer; Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 5: 40 (1924)

= Campanula granatensis Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 73 (1902)

= Campanula guiraoi Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 92 (1936)

= Campanula hispanica var. glabra Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 128 (1893)

= Campanula hispanica Willk.; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 291 (1868)

= Campanula lanceolata Boiss. & Reut. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 2: 291 (1868), nom. illeg.

= Campanula linifolia var. ruscinonensis (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula losae Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. 222 (1936)

= Campanula nevadensis Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 8: 124 (1909)

= Campanula paui Font Quer; Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 5: 40 (1924)

= Campanula rotundifolia proles ruscinonensis (Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 79 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. guiraoi Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1930: 7352 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. ruscinonensis (Timb.-Lagr.) Douin; Fl. Ill. France 7: 48 (1924)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. willkommii (Witasek) Blanca; Acta Bot. Malac. 32: 264 (2007)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. hispanica (Willk.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 561 (1927)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. ruscinonensis (Timb.-Lagr.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. subramulosa Batt.; Fl. Algérie, Suppl. Phan. 62 (1910)

= Campanula ruscinonensis Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Ser. 7, 5: 275 (1873)

= Campanula tenella Lange ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879), nom. inval.

= Campanula willkommii Witasek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 1(3): 75 (1902)

species :

Campanula rubasensis Teimurov & Taisumov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 115(1): 72 (2010)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Dagestan)

33 NCS

species :

Campanula rumeliana (Hampe) Vatke; Linnaea 38: 705 (1874)

Distribution: Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (NE-Greece, Thasos, Athos, Sporades, Mt. Olimbos); Crete (mostly mountains)

13 BUL GRC KRI TUE

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula chalcidica (Buser) Harms; Nat. Pflanzenfam. [Engler & Prantl], Nachtr. 1: 319 (1897)

= Campanula chalcidica (Buser) Phitos & Kamari; Willdenowia 17(1-2): 103 (1988), isonym

= Campanula jacquinii subsp. rumeliana (Hampe) Kit Tan; Endemic Pl. Greece, Peloponnese 360 (2001)

= Campanula rumeliana subsp. chalcidica (Buser) Greuter & Burdet; Willdenowia 40 (1981)

= Diosphaera chalcidica Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 521 (1894)

= Diosphaera chalcidica var. denudata Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 522 (1894)

= Diosphaera dubia Friv. ex Buser; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2: 522 (1894), nom. superfl.

= Diosphaera jacquinii subf. denudata (Buser) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 553 (1930)

= Diosphaera jacquinii var. chalcidica (Buser) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 553 (1930)

= Diosphaera rumeliana (Hampe) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 338 (1921)

= Diosphaera rumeliana var. cinerascens (Vandas) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 552 (1930)

= Phyteuma dubia Friv.; Flora 20: 234 (1837), nom. inval.

= Phyteuma rumelicum (Hampe) Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 291 (1846)

= Trachelium jacquinii subsp. dalgiciorum Özhatay & Dane; Proc. II Balkan Bot. Congr., May 2000, 1: 157 (2001)

= Trachelium jacquinii subsp. rumelianum (Hampe) Tutin; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 71: 274 (1976)

= Trachelium rumelianum Hampe; Flora 20: 234 (1837)

= Trachelium rumelianum var. cinerascens Vandas; Reliq. Formán. [Vandas] 387 (1909)

species :

Campanula rupestris Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 142 (1806)

Name: Felsen-Glockenblume

Distribution: C-Greece (Levadhia)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula lanuginosa Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 213 (1809), nom. illeg.

= Campanula tomentosa subsp. rupestris (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula tomentosa var. brachyantha Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 898 (1875)

species :

Campanula rupicola Boiss. & Spruner; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 17 (1846)

Distribution: C-Greece (Mt. Giona to Mt. Parnassos)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula musarum Heldr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 477 (1879)

= Campanula rupestris Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 477 (1879), nom. inval.

species :

Campanula sabatia De Not.; Repert. Fl. Ligust. 52 (1844)

Distribution: Italy (NW-Italy, near Alassio)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula macrorhiza subsp. sabatia (De Not.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2 [Arcangeli]: 637 (1894)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. sabatia (De Not.) Tanfani; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 8: 101 (1888)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. sabatia (De Not.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 562 (1927)

species :

Campanula saonissia Biel & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 17(2): 265 (2011), nom. nov.

Distribution: NE-Greece (Samothraki)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula samothracica Biel & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 16(3): 351 (2010), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula sarmatica Ker Gawl.; Bot. Reg. t. 237 (1817)

subspecies :

subsp. sarmatica

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula albiflora K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 634 (1850)

= Campanula betonicifolia Biehler; Pl. Nov. Hort. Spreng. 14 (1807), nom. illeg.

= Campanula brotherorum Feer; J. Bot. 28: 273 (1890)

= Campanula commutata Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 143 (1819)

= Campanula gummifera Willd. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 144 (1819)

= Campanula sarmatica f. glabra (A.DC.) Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 37 (1904)

= Campanula sarmatica var. glabra A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 240 (1830)

= Campanula sarmatica var. subtomentosa Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 67 (1879)

= Campanula siegizmundii Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 464 (1957)

= Marianthemum betonicifolium Schrank; Flora 7(2. Beibl.): 54 (1824)

= Medium gummiferum (Willd. ex Schult.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 9: 556 (1838)

subspecies :

subsp. calcarea (Albov) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 287 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula sarmatica var. calcarea Albov; Prodr. Fl. Colchic. 155 (1895)

= Campanula calcarea (Albov) Kharadze; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 13: 44 (1947)

subspecies :

subsp. ramosissima (Sommier & Levier) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 287 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula sarmatica f. ramosissima (Sommier & Levier) Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 37 (1904)

= Campanula sarmatica f. tenuicaulis Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 317 (1900)

= Campanula sarmatica var. gracilis Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 315 (1900)

= Campanula sarmatica var. ramosissima Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 316 (1900)

= Campanula sommieri Kharadze; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 13: 46 (1947)

subspecies :

subsp. woronowii (Kharadze) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 287 (1995)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula woronovii Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 15: 22 (1949)

species :

Campanula sartorii Boiss. & Heldr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 919 (1875)

Distribution: Greece (Kiklades: Andros, Tinos)

13 GRC

species :

Campanula sauvagei Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 37 (1953)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula saxatilis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 167 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. saxatilis

Distribution: Crete (W- & C-Crete)

13 KRI

Synonyms: hidden

= Lacara saxatilis (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 70 (1838)

= Pentropis saxatilis (L.) Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 80 (1837)

subspecies :

subsp. cytherea Rech.f. & Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 483 (1965)

Distribution: S-Greece (Spetse Isl., Idra Isl., Kithira, Andikithira)

13 GRC

species :

Campanula saxifraga M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 155 (1808)

subspecies :

subsp. saxifraga

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula anomala Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 53 (1905)

= Campanula bellidifolia subsp. saxifraga (M.Bieb.) Victorov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 86(9): 118 (2001)

= Campanula circassica Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 52 (1905)

= Campanula saxifraga f. stenophylla Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 55 (1905)

= Campanula saxifraga var. leptorhiza Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 318 (1900)

= Campanula tridentata var. saxifraga (M.Bieb.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 562 (1873)

= Hemisphaera anomala (Fomin) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 162 (1984)

= Hemisphaera circassica (Fomin) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 166 (1984)

= Hemisphaera saxifraga (M.Bieb.) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 167 (1984)

= Medium saxifragum Fisch. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 228, 229

subspecies :

subsp. argunensis (Rupr.) Ogan.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78: 148 (1993)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula argunensis Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 209 (1867)

= Campanula bellidifolia subsp. argunensis (Rupr.) Victorov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 86(9): 118 (2001)

= Campanula doluchanovii Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 13: 54 (1947)

= Campanula pubiflora Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 207 (1867)

= Campanula tridentata var. argunensis (Rupr.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 388 (1876)

= Campanula tridentata var. petrophila Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 10: 120 (1890), nom. illeg.

= Campanula tridentata var. pubiflora (Rupr.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 562 (1873)

= Hemisphaera argunensis (Rupr.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 162 (1984)

= Hemisphaera doluchanovii (Kharadze) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 158 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. aucheri (A.DC.) Ogan.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78: 149 (1993)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iraq; Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula affinis Fisch. ex Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 205 (1867), nom. illeg.

= Campanula alpigena K.Koch; Linnaea 22(2): 638 (1849)

= Campanula armazica Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 13: 51 (1947)

= Campanula aucheri A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 460 (1839)

= Campanula aucheri var. compacta Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 61 (1905)

= Campanula bellidifolia subsp. aucheri (A.DC.) Victorov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 86(9): 118 (2001)

= Campanula biebersteiniana C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer. [C.A. von Meyer] 83 (1831), nom. illeg.

= Campanula fallax Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 205 (1867), in textu

= Campanula froedinii Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 87: 195 (1950)

= Campanula gilanica Rupr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 905 (1875)

= Campanula hygrophila Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 209 (1867)

= Campanula hygrophila var. obovata Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 209 (1867)

= Campanula pallidiflora Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 179 (1867)

= Campanula pilosa var. pontica K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 638 (1850)

= Campanula radchensis Kharadze; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 13: 53 (1947)

= Campanula ruprechtii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 905 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Campanula saxifraga var. transcaucasica Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 184 (1867)

= Campanula tridentata subsp. ruprechtii (Boiss.) Ogan.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 53: 104 (2022)

= Campanula tridentata var. gilanica (Rupr. ex Boiss.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 387 (1876)

= Campanula tridentata var. velutina Parsa; Kew Bull. [3]: 209 (1948)

= Hemisphaera alpigena (K.Koch) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 162 (1984)

= Hemisphaera armazica (Kharadze) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 163 (1984)

= Hemisphaera aucheri (A.DC.) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 163 (1984)

= Hemisphaera radchensis (Kharadze) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 167 (1984)

= Hemisphaera ruprechtii (Boiss.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 167 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. meyeriana (Rupr.) Ogan.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78: 148 (1993)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula bellidifolia subsp. meyeriana (Rupr.) Victorov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 86(9): 119 (2001)

= Campanula fominii Grossh.; Trudy Azerbajdzhansk. Otd. Zakavkazsk. Fil. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 1: 56 (1933)

= Campanula meyeriana Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 207 (1867)

= Hemisphaera fominii (Grossh.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 166 (1984)

= Hemisphaera meyeriana (Rupr.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 166 (1984)

species :

Campanula saxifragoides Doum.; Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci. 27: 455 (1899)

Distribution: Morocco; W-Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula saxifragoides f. latifolia Litard. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 26: 28 (1931)

= Campanula saxifragoides var. guinetii Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 36 (1953)

= Campanula saxifragoides var. latifolia (Litard. & Maire) Emb.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 222 "1935" (1936)

species :

Campanula saxonorum Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 65: 54 (1921)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula scabrella Engelm.; Bot. Gaz. 6: 237 (1881)

Name: Rough bellflower

Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula scheuchzeri Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 22 (1779)

subspecies :

subsp. scheuchzeri

Name: Scheuchzer-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; N-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Bulgaria

11 AUT GER LIE POL SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT SIC SLV SRB

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong. The delimitation from C. rotundifolia is sometimes very difficult and disputed.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula carnica subsp. consanguinea (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 209 (1889)

= Campanula consanguinea Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 8 (1854)

= Campanula dilecta Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 8 (1854)

= Campanula exul Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 9 (1854)

= Campanula ficarioides subsp. orhyi Geslot; Campan. Sous-Sect. Heterophylla 57 (1982)

= Campanula ficarioides var. major Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, Sér. 7, 5: 274 (1873)

= Campanula hegetschweileri Bech.; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 52: 531 (1942)

= Campanula kerneri Witasek ex A.Kern. & Fritsch; Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. [Kerner] 9: 38 (1902)

= Campanula linifolia f. scheuchzeri (Vill.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 566 (1894)

= Campanula linifolia f. valdensis (All.) Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 566 (1894), nom. superfl.

= Campanula linifolia Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 579 (1785) (non L. 1759)

= Campanula linifolia subsp. valdensis (All.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879), nom. illeg.

= Campanula linifolia var. glabra Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 101 (1819), nom. illeg.

= Campanula linifolia var. humilis (Vill.) St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 550 (1889), nom. illeg.

= Campanula linifolia var. multiflora Ser.; Alp. Exsicc., Cent. 4: 331 (1813)

= Campanula linifolia var. ovalifolia St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 550 (1889)

= Campanula linifolia var. pubescens Show; Giorn. Fis. Chim. Storia Nat. Med. Arti, Dec. 2, 7: 29 (1824)

= Campanula linifolia var. rohlii Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central 26 (1847 publ. 1848)

= Campanula linifolia var. scheuchzeri (Vill.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 1: 893 (1798)

= Campanula linifolia var. valdensis (All.) A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 279 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula malyi Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 11 (1854)

= Campanula monantha Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)

= Campanula pourretii Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 6: 153 (1883)

= Campanula prostrata Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 457 (1867), nom. superfl.

= Campanula pyrenaica A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 324 (1830)

= Campanula recta Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyrénées 458 (1867)

= Campanula rohdii Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur], ed. 2, 1: 140 (1828)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. dilecta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 189 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. dilecta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. lanceolata (Lapeyr.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 199 (1894)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. linifolia Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 454 (1882), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pseudarctica Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 189 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. scheuchzeri (Vill.) Čelak.; Arch. Naturwiss. Landesdurchf. Böhmen 2(2) (Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2): 183 (1871)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. scheuchzeri (Vill.) Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 103 (1813)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. dilecta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Wohlf.; Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand]: 1269 (1893)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. grandiflora Neilr.; Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 448 (1858), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. malyi (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. montana Lecoq & Lamotte; Cat. Pl. Plateau Central 260 (1847 publ. 1848)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. ovalifolia (Cariot & St.-Lag.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 81 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. scheuchzeri (Vill.) Fiek; Fl. Schlesien [Fiek] 286 (1881)

= Campanula scheuchzeri proles pourretii (Jeanb. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 78 (1908)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subf. altior Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 194 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subf. hirtescens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 195 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subf. kerneri (Witasek ex A.Kern. & Fritsch) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 193 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subf. styriaca (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 193 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. elatior Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 613 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. hirsutissima Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 196 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. humilior Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 197 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. humilis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 197 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. latifolia Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 611 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. malyi (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 448 (1912)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. oblongifolia Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 119 (1917)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. ovalifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 194 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. parvula Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 134 (1934)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. reflectans Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 195 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. rhombifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 194 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. kerneri (Witasek) Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 358 (1916), isonym

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. kerneri (Witasek) Witasek; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 613 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. rhaetica Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 197 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. schleicheri (Suter) Chenevard; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Tessin 463 (1910)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. susplugasii Braun-Blanq.; Commun. Stat. Int. Géobot. Médit. Montpellier 87: 231 (1945)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. valdensis Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 454 (1882)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subvar. valdensis (All.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 77 (1908), nom. superfl.

= Campanula scheuchzeri subvar. villarsiana (Hayek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 193 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. calycina Witasek ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 611 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. consanguinea (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 448 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. dilecta (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 612 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. glabra Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 10: 138 (1859), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. glabra W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 468 (1837)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. glareosa A.Huet ex Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 610 (1911)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. grandiflora Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 443 (1866)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. hirsuta Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 443 (1866)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. hirta Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 416 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. hirta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 196 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. hirta W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 468 (1837)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. intercedens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 197 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. kerneri (Witasek ex A.Kern. & Fritsch) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 448 (1912)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. luxurians Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 195 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. minima Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 10: 138 (1859)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. monantha (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. multiflora (Ser.) Sch.Bip. & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 61: 429 (1916)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. rhodii (Loisel.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 77 (1908), nom. superfl.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. schleicheri (Suter) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1106 (1893)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. styriaca (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Wohlf.; Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3 [Hallier & Brand]: 1270 (1893)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. susplugasii (Braun-Blanq.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 102 (1983)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. valdensis (All.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 2: 171 (1851), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. valdensis (All.) Vacc.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Vall. Aoste 611 (1911), nom. superfl.

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. villarsiana Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2: 455 (1912)

= Campanula schleicheri Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 231 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Campanula schleicheri Suter; Helvet. Fl. 1: 124 (1802)

= Campanula serrata subsp. recta (Dulac) Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 132 (1968)

= Campanula styriaca Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 9 (1854)

= Campanula valdensis All.; Fl. Pedem. 1: 109 (1785), nom. superfl.

= Campanula valdensis var. scheuchzeri (Vill.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 147 (1828), nom. inval.

= Campanula valdensis var. schleicheri (Suter) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 147 (1828)

= Campanula valdensis var. villosa Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 146 (1828)

subspecies :

subsp. lanceolata (Lapeyr.) J.-M.Tison; Biocosme Mésogéen 27(4): 113 (2010)

Distribution: NE-Spain; SW-France (Pyrénées, Massif Central)

12 FRA SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula heterodoxa Vest ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 98 (1819)

= Campanula lanceolata Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénees 105 (1813)

subspecies :

subsp. marcenoi (Brullo) Raimondo; Bocconea 20: 9 (2007)

Distribution: Sicily

13 SIC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula marcenoi Brullo; Candollea 48(2): 494 (1993)

subspecies :

subsp. pollinensis (Podlech) Bernardo, Gargano & Peruzzi; Inform. Bot. Ital. 36(2): 519 (2005)

Distribution: Italy; ?Sicily

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula multiflora Willd. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 130 (1819) non A. DC.

= Campanula pollinensis Podlech; Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 211 (1970)

subspecies :

subsp. pseudostenocodon (Lacaita) Bernardo, Gargano & Peruzzi; Inform. Bot. Ital. 36(2): 519 (2005)

Distribution: Italy (S-Appennini)

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula pseudostenocodon Lacaita; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 25: 22 (1918)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. pseudostenocodon (Lacaita) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 562 (1927)

species :

Campanula schimaniana Rech.f.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 144(2): 149 (1984)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Paktia / Khost); Pakistan

34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Campanula sciathia Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 111: 215 (1964)

Distribution: Greece (N-Evvoia, Skiathos Isl.)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

species :

Campanula sclerophylla (Kolak.) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 287 (1995)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Mzymtella sclerophylla Kolak.; Soobshch. Akad. Nauk Gruzinsk. S.S.R. 103(1): 151 (1981)

= Campanula sclerophylla (Kolak.) Czerep.; Vasc. Pl. Russia & Adj. States (former USSR) 155 (1995), nom. inval.

species :

Campanula sclerotricha Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 66 (1849)

Distribution: Azerbaijan (Nachichevan); Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Parwan)

33 AZE 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula sclerotricha subsp. tchitounyi Azn.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 16: 23 (1917)

= Campanula striata Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 132 (1956)

species :

Campanula scoparia (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Damboldt; Willdenowia 5: 241, t. 1 (1969)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Asyneuma scoparium (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 349 (1921)

= Podanthum scoparium Boiss. & Hausskn.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 953 (1875)

species :

Campanula scopelia Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 111: 2 14 (1964)

Distribution: Greece (Sporades: Skopelos, Alonnisos, Kira Panagia, Gioura, Alonnisos)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

species :

Campanula scouleri Hook. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 312 (1830)

Name: Pale bellflower (EN)

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula scouleri var. glabra Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 28 (1834)

= Campanula scouleri var. hirsutula Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 28 (1834)

species :

Campanula scutellata Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 282 (1846)

Distribution: Serbia; Bulgaria; N-Greece (south to Mt. Pelion)

13 BUL GRC SRB

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula drabifolia Friv.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 932 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Campanula macedonica Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 932 (1875)

species :

Campanula secundiflora Vis. & Pančić; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 10: 442 (1861)

Distribution: ?E-Bosnia & Hercegovina; N-Montenegro; SW-Serbia

13 MNT SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str., pyramidalis agg.

species :

Campanula semisecta Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 33(I2): 115 (1897)

Distribution: SC-Spain

12 SPA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula dichotoma subsp. semisecta (Murb.) Rivas Mart.; Itinera Geobot. 15(2): 698 (2002)

= Campanula dichotoma var. semisecta (Murb.) Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 357 (1924)

= Campanula semisecta var. basiclada Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 33(12): 116 (1897)

species :

Campanula seraglio Kit Tan & Sorger; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 41: 528, f. 2A-B (1984)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula serhouchenensis Dobignard; J. Bot. Soc. Bot. France 20: 27 (2002)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula serrata (Kit. ex Schult.) Hendrych; Taxon 11: 123 (1962)

Distribution: Poland; Slovakia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Romania; Ukraine (Carpathians)

11 POL SLO 13 BIH CRO ROM 14 UKR

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong. Delimitation and status disputed

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula arcuata Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 10: 138 (1859)

= Campanula hornungiana Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 442 (1866)

= Campanula kitaibeliana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 90 (1819)

= Campanula lanceolata subsp. arcuata (Schur) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 385 (1887)

= Campanula lanceolata var. hornungiana (Schur) Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 385 (1887)

= Campanula microphylla Kit. ex Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 400 (1814), nom. illeg.

= Campanula napuligera subf. angustifrons Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 217 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera subf. brachyantha Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 220 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera subf. latifrons Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 218 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera subf. tenella Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 220 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. arcuata (Schur) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 217 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. glabrescens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 221 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. humilis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 218 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. intermedia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 218 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. longisepala (Nyár.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 101 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. minima (Savul.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 97 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. parvula Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 96 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. robusta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 220 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. savulescui Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 97 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. scheuzeriformis (Nyár.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 98 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. semiamplexicaulis (Vladescu & Savul.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 98 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. setulosa Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 97 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera f. simplex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 216 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera f. stenophylloides Nyár.; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 14: 96 (1934)

= Campanula napuligera Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444 (1866)

= Campanula napuligera var. alpiniformis Nyár. ex Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 96 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. arcuata (Schur) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 93 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. elatior (Savul.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 94 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. hirsuta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 220 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera var. hornungiana (Schur) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 97 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. longisepala Nyár.; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 14: 95 (1934)

= Campanula napuligera var. redux (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 219 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera var. redux (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula napuligera var. savulescui Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 96 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. scheuzeriformis Nyár.; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 14: 95 (1934)

= Campanula napuligera var. stenophylloides (Nyár.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 98 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. stricta Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 216 (1930)

= Campanula napuligera var. transsilvanica (Savul.) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 9: 93 (1964)

= Campanula napuligera var. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 218 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. pseudolanceolata (Pant.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 203 (1930)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata f. albiflora Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 81 (1916)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata f. elatior Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 78 (1916)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata f. minima Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 81 (1916)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata f. transsilvanica Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 78 (1916)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata f. umbraticola Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 78 (1916)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata Pant.; Magyar Növényt. Lapok 6: 162 (1882)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata subsp. semiamplexicaulis Vlãdescu & Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 86 (1916)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata var. arcuata (Schur) Porcius; Analele Acad. Române, Ser. 2, 14: 196 (1893)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata var. hornungiana (Schur) Porcius; Analele Acad. Române, Ser. 2, 14: 202 (1893)

= Campanula pseudolanceolata var. porcii Savul.; Stud. Sp. Campanula 84 (1916)

= Campanula redux Schott, Nyman & Kotschy; Analect. Bot. 9 (1854)

= Campanula rhomboidalis subsp. pseudolanceolata (Pant.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 208 (1889)

= Campanula rhomboidalis var. angustifolia Neilr.; Aufz. Ungarn Slavon. Gefässpfl. 145 (1866)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. alpina Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia var. arcuata (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. dentata Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444 (1866)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. grandiflora J.A.Knapp; Pfl. Galiz. 173 (1872), nom. illeg.

= Thesium serratum Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 437 (1814)

species :

Campanula shetleri Heckard; Madroño 20: 231 (1970)

Name: Castle Crags bellflower (EN)

Distribution: USA (California)

76 USA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula sibirica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 167 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. sibirica

Name: Sibirische Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Thüringen [I]); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Bulgaria; +Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)

11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), sibirica agg. (near Muehlbergella)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cernua Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn. [Hornemann] 1: 201 (1813)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. chymatophylla Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 330 (1854)

= Campanula nutans Homann; Fl. Pommern [Homann] 123 (1828), nom. illeg.

= Campanula paniculata Pohl; Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 207 (1809), nom. illeg.

= Campanula pannonica Bernh. ex Schrank; Denkschr. Regensburg. Bot. Ges. 2: 34 (1822)

= Campanula racemosa S.G.Gmel.; Reise Russland [S.G.Gmelin] 1: 9 (1770)

= Campanula sibirica var. saxicola K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 636 (1850)

= Campanula undulata Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 189 (1802), nom. superfl.

= Marianthemum sibiricum (L.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 48 (1853)

= Medium sibiricum (L.) Spach; Hist. Nat. Vég. [Spach] 9: 554 (1840)

= Nenningia paniculata Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 68 (1852), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. divergens (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; Italy; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania

11 HUN SLO 13 ALB CRO ITA KOS SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula divergens var cernua Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 146 (1819)

= Campanula divergens var. spathulata (Schur) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 433 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Campanula divergens Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 1: 212 (1809)

= Campanula lanuginosa Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 268 (1841), nom. inval.

= Campanula macrorhiza var. trianthemos Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 330 (1853)

= Campanula molineri Colla; Herb. Pedem. 4: 17 (1835)

= Campanula nutans Vahl ex Hornem.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Hafn., Suppl. II [1808]: 3, adnot. 6 (1808), nom. illeg.

= Campanula sibirica subsp. divergens (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Soó; Feddes Repert. 85(7-8): 437 (1974), isonym

= Campanula sibirica subsp. divergentiformis (Jáv.) Domin; Preslia 13-15: 222 (1936)

= Campanula sibirica var. divergens (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 164 (1876), nom. illeg.

= Campanula sibirica var. divergentiformis Jáv.; Magyar Fl. 1073 (1925)

= Campanula sibirica var. major Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 901 (1875), nom. superfl.

= Campanula sibirica var. pannonica (Schrank) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula spathulata Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 286 (1809) (non Campanula spatulata Sm. 1906)

= Marianthemum divergens (Waldst. & Kit. ex Willd.) Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 433 (1866)

= Marianthemum pannonicum Schrank; Denkschr. Königl.-Baier. Bot. Ges. Regensburg 2: 34 (1822)

= Marianthemum spathulatum (Waldst. & Kit.) Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 48 (1853)

subspecies :

subsp. elatior (Fomin) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

Distribution: S-European Russia; Ukraine; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

14 RUS UKR 33 GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ciscaucasica Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 17: 100 (1953)

= Campanula elatior (Fomin) Grossh. ex Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 175, 460 (1957), cum descr. lat. non Hoffmgg & Link

= Campanula praealta Galushko; Fl. Severn. Kavkaza Vopr. Ist. 3: 147 (1980), nom. nov.

= Campanula sibirica f. elatior Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 23 (1904)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. ciscaucasica (Kharadze) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 283 (1995)

subspecies :

subsp. hohenackeri (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 45 (1976)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula brassicifolia Sommier & Levier; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 2: 94 (1895)

= Campanula charadzae Grossh.; Dokl. Akad. Nauk Armyanskoi S.S.R. 7: 168 (1947)

= Campanula czerepanovii Fed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 2: 237 (1965)

= Campanula darialica Kharadze; Zametki Syst. Geogr. Rast. 17: 104 (1953)

= Campanula hohenackeri Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]), Suppl. 9: 9 (1844)

= Campanula hohenackeri var. darialica (Kharadze) Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 38: 20 (1982)

= Campanula imeretina Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 217 (1867)

= Campanula longistyla f. parviflora Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 21 (1904)

= Campanula parviflora Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 588 (1785)

= Campanula schelkownikowii Grossh. ex Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 460 (1957)

= Campanula sibirica f. abortiva (A.DC.) Hayek & Hegi; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 335 (1915)

= Campanula sibirica f. corymbosa Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 26 (1904)

= Campanula sibirica f. nana Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 27 (1904)

= Campanula sibirica f. parviflora (Lam.) Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 26 (1904)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. brassicifolia (Sommier & Levier) Ogan.; Candollea 50: 284 (1995)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. charadzeae (Grossh.) Ogan.; Candollea 50(2): 284 (1995)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. paniculata (A.DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 457 (1882)

= Campanula sibirica var. abortiva A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 244 (1830)

= Campanula sibirica var. ampliata K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 636 (1850)

= Campanula sibirica var. darialica (Kharadze) Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 38: 20 (1982)

= Campanula sibirica var. hohenackeri (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 564 (1873)

= Campanula sibirica var. imeretina (Rupr.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 388 (1876)

= Campanula sibirica var. minor Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 433 (1866)

= Campanula sibirica var. paniculata A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 244 (1830)

= Campanula sibirica var. parviflora (Lam.) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 62 (1879)

subspecies :

subsp. parviflora Ančev; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Bulg. (Fl. Narodna Republ. Bulg.) 11: 477 (2012)

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

subspecies :

subsp. taurica (Juz.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

Distribution: Crimea; Northern Caucasus

14 KRY 33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula charkeviczii Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 459 (1957)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. charkeviczii (Fed.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Campanula sibirica subsp. talievii (Juz.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Campanula sibirica var. taurica Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 4: 164 (1876)

= Campanula talievii Juz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 39 (1951)

= Campanula taurica Juz.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 14: 36 (1951)

species :

Campanula sidoniensis Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 114 (1856)

Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel)

34 ISR LEB

species :

Campanula silifkeensis Tezcan & Öztekin; Türk. Bitkileri List. 890 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Campanula simulans Carlström; Willdenowia 15(2): 381 (1986)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Kalimnos, Kos, Simi, Tilos); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 EAI TUR

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula sivasica Kit Tan & Yıldız; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 45: 448 (1988)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula skanderbegii Bogdanović, Brullo & Lakušić; Syst. Bot. 39(4): 1250-1260 (2014)

Distribution: Albania

13 ALB

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

species :

Campanula songutica Amirkh.; Bot. Issl. Zapov. R.S.F.S.R.: 136 (1984)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

species :

Campanula sparsa Friv.; Magyar Tud. Társ. Évk. 4(2): 201 (1840)

subspecies :

subsp. sparsa

Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of mainland)

13 ALB BIH BUL GRC KOS MNT ROM SRB TUE

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula crassa Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 32: 11 (1894)

= Campanula expansa Friv.; Flora 19: 434 (1836) (non Rudolph 1811)

= Campanula expansa subsp. crassa (Formánek) Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 32: 154 (1894)

= Campanula expansa var. macedonica Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 35: 155 (1897)

= Campanula expansa var. welandii (Heuff.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 482 (1879)

= Campanula frivaldskyi Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 567 (1841), nom. superfl.

= Campanula revoluta Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 38: 190 (1900)

= Campanula sparsa subsp. frivaldskyi (Steud.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 547 (1930), nom. inval.

= Campanula welandii Heuff.; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 118 (1857)

= Neocodon sparsus (Friv.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. sphaerothrix (Griseb.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 547 (1930)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria

13 BUL KOS SRB

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula expansa var. sphaerothrix (Griseb.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 941 (1875)

= Campanula sphaerothrix Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 290 (1846)

= Campanula sphaerothrix var. oxya Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 272 (1902)

species :

Campanula spatulata Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 137 (1806)

subspecies :

subsp. spatulata

Distribution: Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of mainland)

13 ALB BUL GRC KOS MNT SRB

Remarks: group 09 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula herminii Bory & Chaub. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 937 (1875), nom. illeg.

= Campanula ramosissima Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879), nom. inval.

= Campanula sibthorpiana Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 268 (1902) (nom. illeg.)

= Campanula sophiae Beauverd; Candollea 7: 271 (1937)

= Campanula spatulata f. alpina Heldr.; Exsicc. Herb. Graecum Normale 1887: no. 1058b (1887)

= Campanula spatulata f. hirsuta (Heldr. ex Halácsy) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 545 (1930)

= Campanula spatulata f. lepidota (Turrill) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 545 (1930)

= Campanula spatulata subsp. sibthorpiana (Maire & Petitm.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 545 (1930)

= Campanula spruneriana subsp. spatulata (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 481 (1879)

= Neocodon spathulatus (Sm.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. filicaulis (Halácsy) Phitos; Verh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 103-104: 228 (1964)

Distribution: Crete (C- & E-Crete)

13 KRI

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula pauciflora Desf.; Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 11: 57 (1808)

= Campanula sibthorpiana var. filicaulis Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 269 (1902)

= Campanula spatulata var. filicaulis (Halácsy) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 545 (1930)

subspecies :

subsp. spruneriana (Hampe) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 545 (1930)

Distribution: Greece (widespread on mainland, Samothraki, Sporades, Andros, Evvoia, Kithira, Ionian Isl., Kerkyra, Athos)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula spruneri Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 937 (1875)

= Campanula spruneriana var. alpina Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 937 (1875)

= Campanula spruneriana var. hirsuta Heldr. ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 268 (1902)

= Campanula spruneriana var. lepidota Turrill; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1918: 306 (1918)

= Campanula spruneriana Hampe; Flora 25: 76 (1842)

= Campanula spruneriana subsp. sibthorpiana Maire & Petitm.; Étud. Pl. Vasc. Grèce 147 (1908)

species :

Campanula speciosa Pourr.; Hist. & Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Toulouse 3: 309 (1788)

Distribution: NE-Spain; SW-France (Pyrénées)

12 FRA SPA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), medium subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula allionii Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 107 (1813)

= Campanula barbata Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 107 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Campanula bicaulis Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 107 (1813)

= Campanula corbariensis Rouy; Ill. Pl. Eur. 20: 160 (1905)

= Campanula grandiflora Pourr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879), nom. inval.

= Campanula longifolia Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 107 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Campanula longifolia var. bicaulis (Lapeyr.) Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 139 (1819)

= Campanula longifolia var. pyramidalis Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 107 (1813), nom. illeg.

= Campanula longifolia var. speciosa (Pourr.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 143 (1821), nom. illeg.

= Campanula oliveri Rouy & R.Gautier ex Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 41: 326 (1894)

= Campanula speciosa f. multicaulis Marcet; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 48: 92 (1950)

= Campanula speciosa subsp. oliveri (Rouy & Gaut.) Douin; Fl. Ill. France 7: 41 (1924)

= Campanula speciosa var. bicaulis (Lapeyr.) DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 6: 433 (1815)

= Campanula speciosa var. corbariensis (Rouy) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 915 (1939)

= Campanula speciosa var. oliveri (Rouy & Gaut.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 101 (1983), isonym

= Campanula speciosa var. oliveri (Rouy & Gaut.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France 915 (1939)

= Campanula thyrsoidea Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 107 (1813)

= Marianthemum longifolium (Lapeyr.) Schrank; Flora 7(2. Beibl.): 54 (1824)

= Syncodon thyrsoideum (Lapeyr.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

species :

Campanula spicata L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 166 (1753)

Name: Ähren-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; France; Slovenia; Montenegro

11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 MNT SLV

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula spicata subvar. canescens (St.-Lag.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 65 (1908)

= Campanula spicata var. canescens St.-Lag.; Étude Fl. [A.Cariot], éd. 8, 2: 546 (1889)

= Campanula spicata var. compacta E.P.Perrier; Cat. Rais. Pl. Savoie 2: 81 (1928)

= Campanula spicata var. hornschuchii A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 261 (1830)

= Campanula spicata var. ramosa A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 261 (1830)

species :

Campanula staintonii Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 13: 16 (1965)

Distribution: Pakistan (Chitral)

40 PAK

species :

Campanula stellaris Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 63 (1849)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula syriaca Ehrenb.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 928 (1875)

species :

Campanula stenocarpa Trautv. & C.A.Mey.; Reise Sibir. [Middendorff] 1(2, 3): 61 (1856)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye, Sakhalin)

31 RFE

Synonyms: hidden

= Popoviocodonia stenocarpa (Trautv. & C.A.Mey.) Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 29: 374 (1957)

species :

Campanula stenocodon Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 112 (1856)

Distribution: SE-France; +Monaco; NW-Italy (SW-Alps)

12 FRA MCO 13 ITA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula pusilla var. stenocodon (Boiss. & Reut.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 76 (1908)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. stenocodon (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 (1879)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. stenocodon (Boiss. & Reut.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 2: 562 (1927)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. stenocodon (Boiss. & Reut.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2 [Arcangeli]: 637 (1894)

= Campanula stenocodon var. latifolia Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 114 (1917)

= Campanula tenella var. stenocodon (Boiss. & Reut.) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 10: 76 (1908)

species :

Campanula stenosiphon Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 18 (1846)

Distribution: Greece (mountains of C- & S-Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), glomerata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula glomerata subsp. stenosiphon (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula glomerata var. stenosiphon (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 928 (1875)

= Campanula stenosiphon var. majoriflora Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 261 (1902)

species :

Campanula stevenii M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 3: 138 (1820)

subspecies :

subsp. stevenii

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran)

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ TUR

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula lanceolata Pall. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 321 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula seminuda Vest ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 91 (1819)

= Campanula simplex Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 255 (1812), nom. illeg.

= Campanula steveniana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 91 (1819), nom. illeg.

= Campanula vitinghoffiana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 102 (1819)

= Neocodon stevenii (M.Bieb.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

subspecies :

subsp. beauverdiana (Fomin) Rech.f. & Schiman-Czeika; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 13: 36 (1965)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey; N-Iran

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula beauverdiana Fomin; Vĕstn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 1: 12 (1905)

= Campanula beauverdiana var. aissori Tamamsch.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 38: 171 (1935)

= Campanula stevenii f. alpina Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 774 (1907)

= Campanula stevenii var. versiculosa Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 7: 774 (1907)

= Neocodon beauverdianus (Fomin) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 28 (1984)

species :

Campanula stricta L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus], ed. 2: 238 (1762)

Distribution: Transcaucasus; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)

34 IRQ LEB TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula jasionifolia A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 463 (1839)

= Campanula libanotica A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 463 (1839)

= Campanula stricta var. jasionifolia (A.DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 924 (1875)

= Campanula stricta var. libanotica (A.DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 924 (1875)

= Campanula stricta var. muricata Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 563 (1873)

= Campanula syspirensis K.Koch; Linnaea 23: 639 (1850)

variant :

var. alidagensis Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35(1): 47 (1976), nom. nov.

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula stricta f. adpressa Witasek; Ann. K.K. Naturhist. Hofmus. 20: 418 (1905)

species :

Campanula strigillosa Boiss.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., Sér. 4, 2: 251 (1854)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Asyneuma strigillosum (Boiss.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 38(2): 349 (1921)

= Podanthum strigillosum (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 957 (1875)

species :

Campanula strigosa Banks & Sol.; Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2 [Russell]: 2: 246 (1794)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (S-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

11 ger 34 IRN ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: group 16 sensu Xu & Hong; a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula russelliana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 142 (1819)

= Campanula strigosa Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 34 (1794), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula suanetica Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 215 (1867)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]

33 GEO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula suanetica f. appendiculata (Sommier & Levier) Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 74 (1905)

= Campanula suanetica var. appendiculata Sommier & Levier; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 320 (1900)

species :

Campanula sulaimanii Nasir; Fl. Pakistan 155: 13 (1984)

Distribution: Pakistan

40 PAK

species :

Campanula sulphurea Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 64 (1849)

Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert, NE-Egypt); Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (C-Israel, coastal W-Israel, N-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai)

20 EGY 34 ISR LEB SIN

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula sulphurea f. brachyantha Evenari; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 31: 407 (1940)

species :

Campanula sylvatica Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] no. 1293; et Roxb. Fl. Ind. [Carey & Wallich ed.] 2: 97 (1824)

Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan, Pakistani Punjab); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula caperonoides Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar [Klotzsch & Garcke] 73 (1862)

= Campanula integerrima Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 155 (1825), nom. illeg.

= Campanula stricta Wall.; Asiat. Res. 13: 374 (1820), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula tanfanii Podlech; Feddes Repert. 71: 95 (1965)

Distribution: Italy (C-Appennini)

13 ITA

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula macrorhiza subsp. angustiflora (Tanfani) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital., ed. 2 [Arcangeli]: 637 (1894)

= Campanula macrorhiza var. angustifolia Tanfani; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 8: 101 (1888)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. angustiflora (Tanfani) Guin.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 75 (1942)

species :

Campanula tatrae Borbás; Magyar Bot. Lapok 1: 319 (1902)

subspecies :

subsp. tatrae

Name: Vielgestaltige Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Slovakia; Serbia; Bulgaria; European Russia

11 GER SLO 13 BUL SRB 14 RUS

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula balcanica var. scheuchzeriformis (Hayek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 251 (1930)

= Campanula kladniana subsp. polymorpha Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 239 (1906)

= Campanula kladniana subsp. stenophylla (Schur) Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 238 (1906)

= Campanula kladniana var. polymorpha (Witasek) Pawł.; Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 1: 5 (1923)

= Campanula polymorpha (Witasek) Prain; Index Kew., Suppl. 4: 35 (1913)

= Campanula polymorpha subf. reflectans Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 202 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha subf. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 202 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. angustifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 200 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. brachyphylla Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 206 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. exigua Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 200 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. gracilis Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 206 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. kladnianioides Nyár. ex Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 201 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. latifolia Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 199 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. lepida Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 202 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. reflectans Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 200 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. sciaphila Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 204 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha f. stenophylla (Schur) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 109 (1964)

= Campanula polymorpha f. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 200 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha var. intercedens Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 199 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha var. praticola Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 198 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha var. stenophylla (Schur) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 205 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. alpicola Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 129 (1934), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. polymorpha (Witasek) Tacik; Monogr. Bot. 20: 254 (1966)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. alpicola Hayek; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi] 6: 353 (1916)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. scheuchzeriformis (Hayek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 540 (1930)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. dacica Porcher; Fl. Phan. Naseud. 98 (1881)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. stenophylla Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 443 (1866)

= Campanula scheuchzeriformis Hayek; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 70: 19 (1921)

= Campanula stenophylla (Schur) Prain; Index Kew., Suppl. 4: 35 (1913), isonym

= Campanula stenophylla (Schur) Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 238 (1906)

subspecies :

subsp. mentiens (Witasek) Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12: 66 (1977)

Distribution: Poland; Slovakia

11 POL SLO

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula arctica subsp. mentiens (Witasek) Hruby; Klič Kvĕt. Českoslov. 534 (1928)

= Campanula kladniana subsp. mentiens Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 241 (1906)

= Campanula kladniana var. mentiens (Witasek) Pawł.; Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 1: 5 (1923)

= Campanula mentiens (Witasek) Prain; Index Kew., Suppl. 4: 35 (1913)

= Campanula polymorpha f. mentiens (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 204 (1930)

= Campanula polymorpha var. mentiens (Witasek) Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Reipubl. Socialist. Romania) 9: 109 (1964)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. mentiens (Witasek) Tacik; Monogr. Bot. 20: 254 (1966)

subspecies :

subsp. sudetica (Hruby) Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 12: 70 (1977)

Distribution: Czech Republic

11 CZE

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. sudetica (Hruby) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 13: 306 (1967)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. sudetica Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 165 (1930)

species :

Campanula telephioides Boiss. & Hausskn.; Pl. Orient. Nov. (dec. prim.) 1 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula telephioides subsp. argutiserrata Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 87: 10 (1950)

species :

Campanula telmessi Hub.-Mor. & Phitos; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 45 (1976)

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), lyrata agg.

species :

Campanula tenuissima Dunn; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1924: 385 (1924)

Distribution: Pakistan (Hazara); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND PAK

species :

Campanula teucrioides Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 33 (1844)

Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula teutana Bogdanović & Brullo; Phytotaxa 162(1): 9 (2014)

Distribution: Croatia

13 CRO

Remarks: group 08 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated. Probably the valid name is Rapunculus or Hayekia

species :

Campanula thyrsoides L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 167 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. thyrsoides

Name: Strauß-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bulgaria

11 AUT CZE ger LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 BUL CRO ITA SLV

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula macrorhiza var. thyrsoides (L.) Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 330 (1853)

= Campanula thyrsoides var. glomerata Saut.; Flora 35: 622 (1852)

= Campanula thyrsoides var. multicaulis A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 263 (1830)

subspecies :

subsp. carniolica (Sünd.) Podlech; Ber. Bayer. Bot. Ges. 37: 111 (1964)

Name: Karnolische Strauß-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia

11 AUT 13 CRO ITA SLV

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula thyrsoides var. carniolica Sünd.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 26-27: 23 (1925)

= Campanula carniolica (Sünd.) Landolt; Fl. Indicativa 268 (2010), isonym

= Campanula carniolica (Sünd.) Crook; Campanulas 56 (1951)

species :

Campanula tomentosa Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 584 (1785)

Distribution: Turkey (W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula appendiculata A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 462 (1839)

= Campanula calaminthifolia Aucher ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 462 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Campanula ephesia (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 898 (1875)

= Campanula eriantha Hampe; Flora 25(1): 76 (1842)

= Campanula laciniata Andrews; Bot. Repos. 6: t. 385 (1804), nom. illeg.

= Campanula mycalaea Barbey & Fors.-Major; Lydie Lycie Carie. 80 (1890)

= Campanula tomentosa var. appendiculata (A.DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 476 (1879)

= Campanula tomentosa var. ephesia A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 218 (1830)

= Campanula vardariana Bocquet; Compt. Rend. Séances Soc. Phys. Genève, Ser. 2, 3: 90 (1968)

species :

Campanula tommasiniana K.Koch; Arch. Fl. France Allem. [F.W.Schultz] 229 (1852)

Distribution: Croatia (Istra, Mala Ucka)

13 CRO

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula waldsteiniana subsp. tommasiniana (K.Koch) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula topaliana Beauverd; Candollea 7: 268 (1937)

Distribution: Greece (widespread Peloponnisos, mountains of C-Greece around Giona)

13 GRC

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), rupestris agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula calavrytana Beauverd & Topali; Candollea 7: 269 (1937)

= Campanula topaliana subsp. cordifolia Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 458 (1965)

= Campanula topaliana subsp. delphica Phitos; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 112: 459 (1965)

species :

Campanula trachelium L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 166 (1753)

subspecies :

subsp. trachelium

Name: Nesselblättrige Glockenblume (DE), Bats-in-the-Belfry, Nettle-leaved Bellflower (EN)

Distribution: England (England, Wales, Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Ireland (Ireland, Northern Ireland [I]); Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; N- & NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; N-Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Sakhalin [I]); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (EC-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Canada [I] (Manitoba [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Pennsylvania [I], Vermont [I], Wisconsin [I])

10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG 30 SIB 31 rfe 34 IRN LEB TUR 71 cdn 72 cdn 74 usa 75 usa

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), trachelium subgroup, sister group to Edraianthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cordata Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. 187 (1838), nom. illeg.

= Campanula oligosantha Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 436 (1866)

= Campanula plicatula Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827)

= Campanula plicatula var. urticifolia Dumort.; Fl. Belg. [Dumortier] 58 (1827)

= Campanula serratifolia var. ciliatosepala Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 335 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Campanula serratifolia Vuk.; Linnaea 26: 335 (1853 publ. 1855)

= Campanula trachelium f. alba Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 568 (1894)

= Campanula trachelium f. dasycarpa (W.D.J.Koch) Werner Christ.; Fl. Kiel [J. A. Christiansen et al.] 211 (1922)

= Campanula trachelium f. glabra Pamp.; Boll. Mus. Republ. San Marino 4: 117 (1920)

= Campanula trachelium f. micrantha Erdner; Ber. Naturwiss. Vereins Schwaben Neuburg 39-40: 572 (1911)

= Campanula trachelium subsp. urticifolia (Dumort.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg, 1. Aufl.: 153 (1834)

= Campanula trachelium var. albiflora Bellynck; Fl. Namur 154 (1855)

= Campanula trachelium var. albiflora Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. ?(1838)

= Campanula trachelium var. cordifolia Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 409 (1837)

= Campanula trachelium var. dasycarpa Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 2: 411 (1853), nom. illeg.

= Campanula trachelium var. dasycarpa W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 470 (1837), nom. illeg.

= Campanula trachelium var. elisabethae Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 2: 288 (1923)

= Campanula trachelium var. glabrata Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 71 (1801)

= Campanula trachelium var. gymnocarpa Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 74 (1879)

= Campanula trachelium var. hispida Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs. ?(1838)

= Campanula trachelium var. leiocarpa Sond.; Fl. Hamburg. [Sonder] 121 (1851)

= Campanula trachelium var. leucantha Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 436 (1866)

= Campanula trachelium var. nuda Kuntze; Taschen-Fl. Leipzig [Kuntze] 127 (1867)

= Campanula trachelium var. oligosantha (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 478 (1879)

= Campanula trachelium var. parviflora Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 71 (1801)

= Campanula trachelium var. racemosum Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl. 106 (1820)

= Campanula trachelium var. ramosissima Marcet; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 48: 94 (1950)

= Campanula trachelium var. robusta Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1(2): 402 (1864)

= Campanula trachelium var. secundiflora Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 409 (1837)

= Campanula trachelium var. subsessilis Noulet; Fl. Bass. Sous-Pyrén. 409 (1837)

= Campanula trachelium var. uniflora Schumach.; Enum. Pl. Saelland. 1: 71 (1801)

= Campanula trachelium var. urticifolia (Dumort.) Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig 225 (1830)

= Campanula trachelium var. urticifolia Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 270 (1841)

= Campanula trachelium var. virgata Knaf

= Campanula urticifolia F.W.Schmidt; Fl. Boëm., Cent. 2: 73 (1793 publ. 1794), nom. illeg.

= Campanula urticifolia Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 127 (1796), nom. superfl.

= Campanula urticifolia var. multiflora Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 2: 158 (1828)

= Drymocodon trachelium (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, Sér. 2, 17: 111 (1869)

= Rapunculus trachelium (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, 12: 277 (1904)

= Trachelioides vulgaris Opiz; Seznam [Opiz] 98 (1852), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. athoa (Boiss. & Heldr.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 541 (1930)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (mountains of mainland, Thasos, Samothraki, Evvoia); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey

13 ALB BUL GRC KOS SRB TUE 34 EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula athoa Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 3: 110 (1856)

= Campanula trachelium subsp. dasycarpa A.DC. ex Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. [Arcangeli] 455 (1882)

= Campanula trachelium var. athoa (Boiss. & Heldr.) Degen; Fl. Veleb. 3: 94 (1938), nom. illeg.

= Campanula trachelium var. orientalis Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 922 (1875)

= Campanula trachelium var. solitaria Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 435 (1888)

subspecies :

subsp. mauritanica (Pomel) Quézel; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 45 (1953)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; ?Tunisia

20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula mauritanica Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algérie 11: 3 (1874)

= Campanula mauritanica var. parviflora Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 322 (1897)

= Campanula trachelioides Munby; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 285 (1855), nom. illeg.

= Campanula trachelium f. maroccana Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 47 (1953)

= Campanula trachelium f. numidica Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 47 (1953)

= Campanula trachelium var. hirta Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 46 (1953)

= Campanula trachelium var. mauritanica (Pomel) Batt.

= Campanula trachelium var. munbyana Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 47 (1953)

= Campanula trachelium var. parviflora (Batt.) Quézel; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 47 (1953)

= Campanula trachelium var. parviflora Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 322 (1897)

species :

Campanula trachyphylla Schott & Kotschy; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 926 (1875)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula intybus Schott & Kotschy ex Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 402 (1860)

species :

Campanula transsilvanica Schur ex Andrae; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 13: 328 (1855)

Distribution: Romania (Carpathians, Pirin); Bulgaria

13 BUL ROM

Remarks: cervicaria agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula cervicaria subsp. transsilvanica (Schur ex André) Tacik; , Fl. Polski 12: 67 (1971)

= Campanula transsilvanica subsp. davidovii Urum.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 19: 38 (1920)

= Campanula transsilvanica var. davidovii (Urum.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 530 (1930)

species :

Campanula trichopoda Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 11: 68 (1849)

Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)

34 LEB SYR

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula spathulata Ehrenb.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 918 (1875)

species :

Campanula tridentata Schreb.; Icon. Descr. Pl. [Schreber] 1: 3, t. 2 (1766)

subspecies :

subsp. tridentata

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)

33 ARM AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: tridentata agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula biebersteiniana var. macrantha A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 277 (1830)

= Campanula bithynica A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 460 (1839)

= Campanula tridens var. araratica Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 205 (1867)

= Campanula tridens var. barbata (Fomin) Kharadze; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 15: 27 (1949)

= Campanula tridens var. ciliata Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 205 (1867)

= Campanula tridens var. crenatoserrata Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3: 11: 205 (1867)

= Campanula tridens var. stenophylla Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 904 (1875)

= Campanula tridentata var. barbata Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 50 (1904)

= Campanula tridentata var. bithynica (A.DC.) Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 287 (1846)

= Campanula tridentata var. gracilis Fomin; Fl. Caucas. Crit. 4(6): 51 (1904)

= Campanula tridentata var. stenophylla Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 904 (1875)

= Hemisphaera tridentata (Schreb.) Kolak.; Kolokol´chik. Kavkaza 115 (1991)

subspecies :

subsp. biebersteiniana (Schult.) Ogan.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 66: 403 (1981)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan

33 AZE GEO NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula akuschensis E.S.Husseinov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 55: 1500 (1970)

= Campanula biebersteiniana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 147 (1819)

= Campanula rupestris M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 154 (1808), nom. illeg.

= Campanula scapifoliosa A.P.Khokhr.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 96(4): 109 (1991)

= Campanula tridens Rupr.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg, Sér. 3, 11: 204 (1867)

= Campanula tridentata var. rupestris Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 2: 561 (1873)

= Hemisphaera tridens (Rupr.) Kolak.; Okhr. Prír. Gruzii 12: 168 (1984)

species :

Campanula tristis Kitam.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 132 (1956)

Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); Pakistan

34 AFG 40 PAK

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula troegerae Damboldt; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 35: 47, t. 2a-b (1976)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula trojanensis Kovanda & Ančev; Preslia 61(3): 201 (1989)

Distribution: Bulgaria

13 BUL

species :

Campanula tubulosa Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 1: 586 (1785)

Distribution: Crete (fairly widespread)

13 KRI

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula subidaea Gand.; Fl. Cret. [Gandoger] 68, No. 1199 (1916)

species :

Campanula turczaninovii Fed.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 24: 304 (1957)

Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Magadan); Mongolia

30 SIB 31 RFE 37 MON

Remarks: group 06 sensu Xu & Hong; species to be included in Adenophora s. l. fide Xu & Hong (2020)

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula baicalensis Pall. ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 479 (1839)

= Campanula ciliata Patrin ex A.DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 479 (1839), nom. illeg.

= Campanula infundibulum Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 1: t. 75, f. 158 (1823), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rigescens Pall. ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 102 (1819)

= Campanula silenifolia Fisch. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 320 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Campanula simplex var. dasycarpa (Regel) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 85 (1879)

= Campanula simplex var. silenifolia (Regel) Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 540 (1877)

= Campanula stevenii subsp. turczaninovii (Fed.) Victorov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 34: 230 (2002)

= Campanula stevenii var. dasycarpa Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(3): 188 (1868)

= Campanula stevenii var. integerrima Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(3): 188 (1868)

= Campanula stevenii var. silenifolia Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(3): 187 (1868)

= Neocodon turczaninovii (Fed.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

species :

Campanula tymphaea Hausskn.; Mitt. Geogr. Ges. (Thüringen) Jena 5(2): 87 (1887)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; NW-Greece (mountains)

13 ALB GRC NMA

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), thyrsoides-spicata subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula flagellaris Halácsy; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 61: 248 (1894), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula vaillantii Quézel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 34: 310 (1955)

Distribution: Morocco

20 MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula velata Pomel; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Algérie 11: 2 (1874)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula serpylliformis Batt. & Trab.; Atlas Fl. Alger: t. 6 (1886)

= Campanula velata subsp. mesatlantica (Litard. & Maire) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 19 (1953)

= Campanula velata subsp. serpylliformis (Batt. & Trab.) Quézel; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 56: 19 (1953)

= Campanula velata var. mesatlantica Litard. & Maire; Pl. Marocc. Nov. 3: 5 (1930)

species :

Campanula velebitica Borbás; Math. Természettud. Ertes. 1: 81 (1883)

Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; N-Greece

13 BIH CRO GRC

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong. Delimitation from C. scheuchzeri very difficult.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula balcanica (Adamović) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 234 (1930)

= Campanula balcanica subf. umbrosa Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 240 (1930)

= Campanula balcanica f. borbasina (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 146 (1934)

= Campanula balcanica f. divaricata (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 146 (1934)

= Campanula balcanica f. farinulenta (A.Kern. & Wettst.) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 239 (1930)

= Campanula balcanica f. incerta (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 146 (1934)

= Campanula balcanica f. parviflora (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 237 (1930)

= Campanula balcanica subvar. bulgarica (Witasek) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 250 (1930)

= Campanula balcanica var. velebetica (Borbás) Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 236 (1930)

= Campanula bulgarica Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 244 (1906)

= Campanula farinulenta A.Kern. & Wettst.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 37: 80 (1887)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. borbasiana (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 539 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. divaricata (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 539 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. incerta (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 539 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia f. parviflora (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 539 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. balcanica (Adamović) Stoj. & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. [Stojanov & Stefanoff], ed. 3: 1110 (1948)

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. bulgarica (Witasek) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 538 (1930), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rotundifolia subsp. velebitica (Borbás) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 539 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. balcanica Adamović; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 5: 73 (1899)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. farinulenta (A.Kern. & Wettst.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 540 (1930)

= Campanula rotundifolia var. serbica Adamović ex Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 539 (1930), nom. superfl.

= Campanula velebitica f. borbasiana Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 242 (1906)

= Campanula velebitica f. divaricata Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 242 (1906)

= Campanula velebitica f. farinulenta Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 242 (1906)

= Campanula velebitica f. incerta Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 242 (1906)

= Campanula velebitica f. parviflora Witasek; Magyar Bot. Lapok 5: 242 (1906)

species :

Campanula veneris Carlström; Willdenowia 15: 384 (1986)

Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains)

34 CYP

Remarks: group 14 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated

species :

Campanula versicolor Andrews; Bot. Repos.: t. 396 (1804)

subspecies :

subsp. versicolor

Distribution: Greece (widespread on mainland, Kerkyra, Ionian Isl., Kithira, rare Northeast)

13 GRC

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula longipetiolata F.K.Mey.; Haussknechtia Beih. 15: 151 (2011)

= Campanula mrkvickiana Velen.; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 11: 44 (1905)

= Campanula planiflora Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 210 (1809), nom. illeg.

= Campanula plasonii Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 37: 155 (1899)

= Campanula thomasii Ten. ex A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 309 (1830)

= Campanula versicolor f. mrkvickana (Velen.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 30 (Prodr. Fl. Penins. Balc.): 543 (1930)

= Campanula versicolor f. tomentella (Halácsy) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 2: 263 (1902)

= Campanula versicolor subvar. lancifolia Bornm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 59: 2 (1925)

= Campanula versicolor var. multiflora A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 308 (1830)

= Campanula versicolor var. thessala Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 915 (1875)

= Campanula versicolor var. tomentella Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 372 (1892)

= Campanula verticillata Guss.; Pl. Rar. Neapol. [Gussone] 92 (1826), nom. illeg.

= Campanula willdenowiana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 107 (1819)

subspecies :

subsp. korabensis (F.K.Mey.) I.Janković & D.Lakušić; Taxon 68(2): 356 (2019)

Distribution: SE-Montenegro; S-Kosovo; North Macedonia; NE-Albania; W-Bulgaria

13 ALB BUL KOS MNT NMA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula korabensis F.K.Mey.; Haussknechtia Beih. 15: 149 (2011)

= Campanula korabensis subsp. bicajensis F.K.Mey.; Haussknechtia Beih. 15: 150 (2011)

subspecies :

subsp. tenorei (Moretti) I.Janković & D.Lakušić; Taxon 68(2): 358 (2019)

Distribution: SE-Italy (Apulia)

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula corymbosa Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): XV (1811), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rosanoi Ten.; Fl. Napol. 3: 205 (1827), nom. superfl.

= Campanula tenorei Moretti; Prosp. Geogr. Bot. Ital. Schouw 19 (1824)

= Campanula versicolor var. rosanoi Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 480 (1879)

species :

Campanula vicinituba Gardère; Candollea 76(1): 30 (2021)

Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao)

21 CVI

Remarks: mollis agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula vidalii H.C.Watson; Icon. Pl. 7: t. 684 (1844)

Distribution: Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Sao Jorge, Pico, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.)

21 AZO

Remarks: group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

Synonyms: hidden

= Azorina vidalii (H.C.Watson) Feer; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 12: 612 (1890)

species :

Campanula waldsteiniana Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 99 (1820)

Name: Waldstein-Glockenblume (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Croatia

11 ger 13 CRO

Remarks: group 11 (pyramidalis agg. - near Favratia) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula flexuosa Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 2: 145 (1804), nom. illeg.

= Campanula rupestris Host; Fl. Austriac. [Host] 1: 263 (1827), nom. illeg.

species :

Campanula wanneri Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar. 41 (1828)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; Bulgaria; NE-Greece (very rare)

13 BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB

Remarks: Campanula s. str. (group 17 sensu Xu & Hong), near Muehlbergella

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula heterophylla Baumg.; Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 342 (1817), nom. illeg.

= Symphyandra heterophylla Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 431 (1866), nom. inval.

= Symphyandra wanneri (Rochel) Heuff.; Flora 37: 292 (1854)

species :

Campanula wattiana B.K.Nayar & Babu; J. Indian Bot. Soc. 49 (1-4): 183 (1970 publ. 1971)

Distribution: NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh)

40 IND

species :

Campanula witasekiana Vierh.; Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereins Univ. Wien, Ser. 2, 4: 72 (1906)

Distribution: Austria; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria

11 AUT 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT SLV SRB

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula hostii var. witasekiana (Vierh.) K.Malý; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosni Hercegovini 20: 555 (1908)

= Campanula scheuchzeri f. witasekiana (Vierh.) Hayek; Abh. K.K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 4: 128 (1907)

= Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. witasekiana (Vierh.) Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2(1): 454 (1912)

= Campanula scheuchzeri var. witasekiana (Vierh.) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 448 (1912)

= Campanula witasekiana var. praticola Hruby; Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 191 (1930)

species :

Campanula wolgensis P.A.Smirn.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 52: Livr. 3, 57 (1947)

Distribution: E-European Russia; Siberia (Altai, Tuva, W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan

14 RUS 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ

Remarks: group 03 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate, well defined genus but not yet formally separated

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula infundibulum Vest ex Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 106 (1819)

= Campanula stevenii subsp. wolgensis (P.A.Smirn.) Fed.; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 67: 281 (1973)

= Campanula stevenii var. sibirica A.DC.; Monogr. Campan. 321 (1830)

= Neocodon wolgensis (P.A.Smirn.) Kolak. & Serdyuk.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 40: 29 (1984)

species :

Campanula xylocarpa Kovanda; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 1: 183 (1966)

Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary

11 HUN SLO

Remarks: group 12 (rotundifolia agg.) sensu Xu & Hong

species :

Campanula yaltirikii H.Duman; Edinburgh J. Bot. 56(3): 355 (1999)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: group 13 sensu Xu & Hong; species possibly to be merged into Trachelium

species :

Campanula yildirimlii Kit Tan & F.Sorger; Pl. Syst. Evol. 154: 124 (1986)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Campanula yunnanensis D.Y.Hong; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 73(2): 184, t. 14, f. 7-9 (1983)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: pallida agg.; group 15 sensu Xu & Hong, a separate genus but not yet formally separated.

species :

Campanula ×chevalieri Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 386 (1927)

Distribution: Germany; Spain; etc.

11 GER 12 SPA

Remarks: Campanula rapunculoides x trachelium

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ×lundstroemii Fedde; Just´s Bot. Jahresber. 42(2): 73 (1923)

species :

Campanula ×cottia Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 110 (1916 publ. 1917)

Distribution: Italy

13 ITA

Remarks: Campanula cochleariifolia x stenocodon.

species :

Campanula ×digenea F.Wettst.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 70: 183 (1921)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: Campanula barbata x glomerata.

species :

Campanula ×gisleri Brügger; Jahresber. Naturf. Ges. Graubündens, N. F. 23-24: 104 (1880)

Distribution: Switzerland

11 SWI

Remarks: Campanula rhomboidalis x scheuchzeri.

species :

Campanula ×glomeratiformis Murr ex Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 450 (1912)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: Campanula glomerata x spicata.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ×pechlaneri Murr ex Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 450 (1912)

species :

Campanula ×iserana Kovanda; Thaiszia 9(1): 16 (1999)

Distribution: Slovakia

11 SLO

Remarks: Campanula rhomboidalis x rotundifolia

species :

Campanula ×murrii Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol [Dalla Torre & Sarnthein] 6(3): 47 (1912)

Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria

11 AUT GER SWI

Remarks: Campanula cochlearifolia x scheuchzeri

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ×pseudoscheuchzeri Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 115 (1917)

= Campanula ×semproniana Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève, Sér. 2, 4: 436 (1912 publ. 1913)

species :

Campanula ×segusina Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 117 (1916 publ. 1917)

Distribution: France; Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

Remarks: Campanula rotundifolia x scheuchzeri.

species :

Campanula ×spryginii Saksonov & Tzvelev, Bot.Zhurn.(Moscow & Leningrad) 79(10): 99 (1994)

Distribution: E-European Russia

14 RUS

Remarks: Campanula bononiensis x rapunculoides.

species :

Campanula ×truedingeri Murr; Neue Übers. Bl.-Pfl. Vorarlberg Liechtenstein 3(1): 304 (1924)

Distribution: Austria

11 AUT

Remarks: Campanula cochleariifolia x rotundifolia.

Synonyms: hidden

= Campanula ×racemosa Beyer; Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 115 (1917), nom. illeg.

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.09 (Sept. 23rd, 2025)

Covering 357,327 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,644 synonyms,
**in total 1,418,852* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (12)

Genus (92)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.09 (Sept. 23rd, 2025)

Covering 357,327 accepted species,8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,644 synonyms,in total 1,418,852* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 357,327 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,644 synonyms,
**in total 1,418,852* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]