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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

453.0000 Family Gentianaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 141 (1789), nom. cons.
95 genera, ca. 1850 spp.
Species listed in database: 1852; hybrids: 23
= Chironiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 1(104-114): 1, 36 (1823)
= Coutoubeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 168 (1820)
= Obolariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 427 (1820)
= Potaliaceae Mart.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 89, 91, 133 (1827)
= Saccifoliaceae Maguire & Pires; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 242 (1978)
453.0411 Genus Canscora Lam.; Encyc. 1: 601 (1785)
Distribution: Tropical Old World from Africa and Madagascar to China, Malesia, and Australia, esp. Southeast Asia
Species listed in database: 13
= Cobamba Blanco; Fl. Filip. ed. I. 510 (1837)
= Flemingia Roxb. ex Wall.; Cat. sub n. 4361 et 4364 (1830 ?)
= Heterocanscora C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 431 (1875)
= Orthostemon R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 451 (1810)
= Pootia Dennst.; Schluess. Hort. Malab. 37 (1818)
= Pladera Sol.; ex Roxb. Hort. Beng. 10 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 416(1820), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 400 (1832)
species :
Canscora alata (Roth) Wall.; Numer. List no. 4363 (1831)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Annobon Isl.; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; South Sudan; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte, etc.); Seychelles; China (Sichuan); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Bago, Kachin, Magway, Shan); N-Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam
22 BEN BKN GNB GUI IVO MLI NGA SEN TOG 23 ANN CAF CMN CON ZAI 24 CHA SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM 29 COM MDG SEY 36 CHI 40 BAN IND NEP SRL 41 CBD MYA THA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Canscora decussata (Roxb.) Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 229 (1827)
= Cobamba blancoi Blanco; Fl. Filip., ed. 2 [Blanco] Suppl. 591 (1845)
= Exacum alatum Roth ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 159 (1918)
= Flemingia decussata Roxb. ex Wall.; Numer. List no. 4364 (1830)
= Pladera decussata Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 10 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 418(1820), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 402 (1832)
species :
Canscora andrographioides Griff. ex C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 431 (1875)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, S-Yunnan, SW-Yunnan); India (Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland); Bangladesh; N-Myanmar (Kachin, Mon, Sagaing, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Jerai, Kedah, Gunung Tahun, Padang)
36 CHI 40 BAN IND 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Canscora melastomacea Hand.-Mazz.; Sinensia 2: 131 (1932)
= Canscora trinervia Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 316 (1908)
species :
Canscora bidoupensis Hul; Edinburgh J. Bot. 67(1): 158 (2010)
Distribution: Vietnam
41 VIE
species :
Canscora ciathula Aver.; Pl. Diversity Fl. Veg. Hin Nam No 104 (2019)
Distribution: Laos
41 LAO
species :
Canscora concanensis C.B.Clark; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 104 (1883)
Distribution: S-Oman (Dhofar); India (Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra)
35 OMA 40 IND
species :
Canscora diffusa (Vahl) R.Br. ex Roem. & Schult.; 301 (1818)
Distribution: Senegal; Guinea-Bissau; Guinea; Sierra Leone; Liberia; Mali; Burkina Faso; Ivory Coast; Ghana; Togo; Benin; Nigeria; Cameroon; Congo [Brazzaville]; Central African Republic; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; SW-Chad; Sudan; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Madagascar; China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Goa, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Odisha, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Andaman Isl. (North Andaman Isl.); Myanmar (Bago, Yangon); Thailand; Laos; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Timor, Bali, etc.); Australia (Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland); Colombia [I]
22 BEN BKN GHA GNB GUI IVO LBR MLI NGA SEN SIE TOG 23 CAF CMN CON ZAI 24 CHA ETH SSU SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 29 MDG 36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP SRL 41 AND LAO MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY PHI SUL 50 AUS 82 clm
Synonyms: hidden
= Canscora decurrens Dalzell; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2: 136 (1850)
= Canscora diffusa var. tenella Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J. D. Hooker] 4: 104 (1883)
= Canscora divaricata Miq. ex C.B.Clarke; Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 103 (1883), pro syn.
= Canscora foliosa D.Don; G. Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 199 (1837)
= Canscora khandalensis Santapau; Kew Bull. 485 (1948 publ. 1949)
= Canscora kirkii N.E.Br.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4: I. 558 (1903)
= Canscora lancifolia Miq. ex C.B.Clarke; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 103 (1883)
= Canscora lauri C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 430 (1875)
= Canscora lawii Wight; Ic. 4: t. 1327 (1848)
= Canscora pusilla Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 230 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Canscora rubiflora X.X.Chen; Guihaia 6(3): 177 (1986)
= Canscora sanjappae Diwakar & R.Kr.Singh; Indian J. Forest. 32(2): 337 (2009)
= Canscora tenella Wall.; Numer. List no. 4362 (1830)
= Cobamba dichotoma Blanco; Fl. Filip.: 510 (1837)
= Exacum diffusum (Vahl) Willd.; Sp. Pl. 1: 637 (1798)
= Exacum erectum (R.Br.) Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp.: 83 (1821)
= Exacum tenellum Wall.; Numer. List: no. 4362 (1831), nom. inval.
= Gentiana diffusa Vahl; Symb. Bot. 3: 47 (1794)
= Orthostemon erectus R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 451 (1810)
= Orthostemon huegelii Griseb.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 9: 63 (1845)
= Orthostemon kirkii N.E.Br.; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 4(1): 558 (1903)
= Pladera pusilla Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 10 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 419 (1820), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 403 (1832)
= Pladera virgata Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 10 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 417(1820), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 401 (1832)
species :
Canscora heteroclita (L.) Gilg; Engl. et Prantl, Natürl. Pflanzenfam. IV(2): 76 (1895)
Distribution: S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Odisha, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Canscora sessiliflora Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 230 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Centaurium malabaricum Borkh.; Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 29 (1796)
= Exacum heteroclitum (L.) Willd.; Sp. Pl. 1: 639 (1798)
= Gentiana heteroclita L.; Mant. 2: 560 (1771)
= Hippion heteroclita (L.) F.W.Schmidt; Roem. Arch. 1: I. 11 (1796)
= Pladera sessiliflora Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 83 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 416 (1820), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 400 (1832)
species :
Canscora pauciflora Dalzell; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 2: 136 (1850)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Daman & Diu, Goa, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Exacum macrantherum Miq.; Nieuwe Verh. Eerste Kl. Kon. Ned. Inst. Wetensch. Amsterdam, ser. 3, 5: 10 (1852)
species :
Canscora perfoliata Lam.; Encyc. 1: 601 (1785)
Distribution: India (Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Canscora grandiflora Wight; Icon. Pl. Ind. Orient. 4: t. 1326 (1848)
= Canscora macrocalyx Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 558 (1856) ex C. B. Clarke, Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 104 (1883)
= Canscora ventricosa J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis].: 262 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Exacum alatum B.Heyne ex Roth; Nov. Pl. Sp.: 85 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Pladera alata Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.; Numer. List no. 4364 B (1830)
= Pladera perfoliata (Lam.) Roxb.; Hort. Beng. 83 (1814), nomen, Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 418(1820), Fl. Ind., ed. Carey 1: 402 (1832)
= Pootia triflora Dennst.; Schlüssel Hortus Malab.: 37 (1818)
species :
Canscora roxburghii Arn. ex Miq.; Anal. Bot. Ind. 3: 11 (1852)
Distribution: S-India (Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka
40 IND SRL
Synonyms: hidden
= Exacum connatum Moon; Cat. Pl. Ceylon. 11 (1824)
= Canscora wallichii C.B.Clarke; Hook.f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 4: 105 (1885)
= Canscora perfoliata Wall.; Numer. List no. 4365 (1830) (non Lam.)
species :
Canscora schultesii Wall.; Numer. List no. 4368 (1830)
Distribution: Myanmar (Bago, Mandalay)
41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Heterocanscora schultesii C.B.Clarke; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 14: 431 (1875)
= Pladera pulchella Wall.; Numer. List: no. 4368 (1831), nom. inval.
species :
Canscora shrirangiana Kambale, Kolte & A.Deshp.; Kew Bull. 73(3)-34: 1 (2018)
Distribution: India (Goa)
40 IND
species :
Canscora tetraptera (Naik & Pokle) Arun Pr. & Sardesai; Kew Bull. 76: 852 (2021)
Distribution: India (Maharashtra)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Canscora diffusa var. tetraptera Naik & Pokle; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 7(3): 673 (1985 publ. 1986)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life