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Ver. 19.2
March 25th, 2024

512.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot. 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and other recent publications
Species listed in database: 35235; hybrids: 679
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. N. Amer. 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Nebraska Univ. Stud. 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl.: 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; J. A. Schenk, Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt.: 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot.: 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch.: 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot.: 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl.: 498 (1843)
512.3238 Genus Centaurea L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 909 (1753)
Distribution: mostly Europe, Mediterranean and W-Asia, few E-Asia, trop. Africa. Delimitation and status of species (or subspecies) is fairly controversial. Recently, more former subspecies are (again) recognized as species. Retention of Cyanus and Lopholoma as subgenera fide Hilbert et al. (2014).
Species listed in database: 772; hybrids: 69
= Acosta DC.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 5: 90 (1836), nom. illeg.
= Acrocentron Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 44: 37 (1826)
= Acrolophus Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 50: 253 (1827)
= Alophium Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 54: 493 (1828)
= Ammocyanus (Boiss.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1 -4): 78 (1973)
= Antaurea Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 70 (1790), nom. inval.
= Behen Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 41 (1762)
= Benedicta Bernh.; Syst. Verz. Erf.: 108 (1800)
= Calcitrapa Heist. ex Fabr.; Enum. Meth. Pl. 94 (1759)
= Calcitrapoides Fabr.; Enum. Meth. Pl. 94 (1759)
= Carbeni Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 116, 532 (1763), nom. superfl.
= Cardosanctus Bubani; Fl. Pyren. 2: 152 (1899), nom. superfl.
= Centaurium Haller; Hist. Stirp. Helv. 1: 69 (1768), nom. illeg.
= Cestrinus Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 8: 24 (1817)
= Chartolepis Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 36 (1826)
= Cheirolepis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. Ser. I. 10: 106 (1849)
= Chrysopappus Takht.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 7: 275 (1938)
= Cistrum Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 36 (1762)
= Cnicus Gaertn.; Fruct. 2: 385. t. 162 (1791)
= Cnicus L.; Sp. Pl.: 826 (1753), nom. cons.
= Colymbada Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 31 (1762)
= Crepula Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 9 (1762)
= Cyanus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4.: s.p. (1754)
= Cynaroides (Boiss. ex Walp.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1-4): 77 (1973)
= Eremopappus Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 2: No. 1, 25 (1945), reimpr.
= Erinacella (Rech.f.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 77 (1973)
= Eriopha Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 47 (1762)
= Grossheimia Sosn. & Takht.; Proc. Acad. Sci. Armen. SSR 3: No. 1, 22 (1945)
= Heraclea Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 37 (1762)
= Hierapicra Siegesb. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 346 (1891)
= Hippophaestum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Hookia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 70 (1790), nom. inval.
= Hyalea (DC.) Jaub. & Spach; Illustr. 3: 19. t. 214-217, 292 (1847)
= Hymenocentron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 37 (1826)
= Jacea Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abridg. Ed. 4 (1754)
= Lepteranthus Neck. ex Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, sér. 2, 17: 96 (1869)
= Leucacantha Nieuwl. & Lunell; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 5: 71 (1917)
= Leucantha Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Lopholoma Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 37 (1826)
= Melanoloma Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 29: 472 (1823)
= Menomphalus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 32 (1874)
= Mesocentron Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 44: 38 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Microlophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 37 (1826)
= Paraphysis (DC.) Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 19: 76 (1973)
= Pectinastrum Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 38 (1826)
= Petrodavisia Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 10(2): 193 (1975)
= Phaeopappus (DC.) Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 122 (1846)
= Phalolepis Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 50: 248 (1827)
= Philostizus Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 39: 498 (1826)
= Phrygia (Pers.) Bosc; Déterv., Nouv. Dict. Hist. Nat., ed. 2, 26: 17 (1818)
= Piptoceras Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 50: 469 (1827)
= Platylophus Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 44: 36 (1826), nom. rej.
= Plumosipappus Czerep.; Not. Syst. Herb. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sci. U.R.S.S. 20: 457 (1960)
= Podia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 72 (1790), nom. inval.
= Polyacantha Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 443 (1821)
= Psora Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 30 (1762)
= Pterolophus Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 34 (1826)
= Pycnocomus Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 38 (1762), nom. superfl.
= Rhacoma Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 117 (1763), nom. illeg.
= Rhaponticum Ludwig; Inst. Reg. Veg., ed. 2: 123 (1757), nom. superfl.
= Sagmen Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 35 (1762)
= Seridia Juss.; Gen. 173 (1789)
= Setachna Dulac; Fl. Hautes-Pyr. 518 (1867)
= Solstitiaria Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 21 (1762)
= Sphaerocephala Hill; Veg. Syst. 4: 48 (1762)
= Spilacron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 50: 238 (1827)
= Staebe Hill; Veg. Syst. 3: 145 (1761) 4: 33 (1762)
= Stenolophus Cass.; Cuvier, Dict. Sci. Nat. ed. 2. 44: 35 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Stephanochilus Coss. & Durieu ex Benth. & Hook.f.; Gen. 2: 477 (1873)
= Tetramorphaea DC.; Guill. Arch. Bot. 2: 331 (1833)
= Tomanthea DC.; Prod. 5I. 564 (1837)
= Triplocentron Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 38 (1826)
= Veltis Adans.; Fam. 2: 116 (1763) 2: 116 (1763)
= Verutina Cass.; Dict. Sci. Nat. 44: 38 (1826) 58: 8 (1829)
= Wagenitzia Dostál; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 19(1-4): 76 (1973)
= xAcostitrapa Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
= xColycea Fern.Casas & Susanna; Fontqueria 2: 21 (1982)
= xColymbacosta Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 656 (1973)
= xJaceacosta Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 655 (1973)
= xJaceitrapa Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 83: 656 (1973)

Search for: Centaurea

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 19.2 (March 25th, 2024)

Covering 354,631 accepted species,
8,631 hybrids, 47,815 accepted infraspecific taxa and 995,902 synonyms,
in total 1,406,979* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life