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030.0000 Family Pteridaceae E.D.M.Kirchn.; Schul-Bot. 109 (1831)
48 genera, ca. 1350 spp. The family has been split extensively in smaller subgroups, but Smith et al. (2006) and PPG-I argue for keeping them together.
Species listed in database: 1406; hybrids: 68
= Acrostichaceae Mett. ex A.B.Frank; Syn. Pflanzenk., ed. 2, 3: 1458 (1877), nom. rej.
= Actiniopteridaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 17: 5 (1962)
= Adiantaceae Newman; Hist. Brit. Ferns 5 (1840) nom. cons. over Parkeriaceae (1825)
= Anopteraceae Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Tracheophyta) 51 (2001)
= Antrophyaceae (Link) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 16: 11 (1978)
= Ceratopteridaceae Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 6: 65, 78 (1900)
= Cheilanthaceae B.K.Nayar; Taxon 19: 233 (1970)
= Cryptogrammaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 17: 299 (1963)
= Hemionitidaceae Pic.Serm.; Webbia 21: 487 (1966)
= Negripteridaceae Pic.Serm.; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n. s. 53: 160 (1946)
= Parkeriaceae Hook.; Exot. Fl. 2: t. 147 (1825), nom. rej. in favor of Adiantaceae
= Platyzomataceae Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo, 29: 4 (1950)
= Pteridaceae Reichenb.; Handb. Nat. Pfl.-Syst. 138 (1837)
= Sinopteridaceae Koidz.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 50 (1934)
= Taenitidaceae (C.Presl) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 29: 1 (1974)
= Vittariaceae Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 232 (1940)
030.6023 Genus Choristosoria Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3), Bot. 13 (1879)
Distribution: Tropical and South Africa
Species listed in database: 14

Search for: Choristosoria calomelanos-subsp.-swynnertoniana

Nothing found!
species :
Choristosoria botswanae (Schelpe & N.C.Anthony) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: SE-Botswana; South Africa (Limpopo, North West)
27 BOT SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes botswanae Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 151 (1982)
= Hemionitis botswanae (Schelpe & N.C.Anthony) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 10 (2018)
species :
Choristosoria calomelanos (Sw.) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
subspecies :
subsp. calomelanos
Distribution: Spain (NE-Spain: Gerona); D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (widespread); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores; Mauritius; La Réunion; China (S-Sichuan, Yunnan); Pakistan (Hazara); Nepal; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
12 SPA 23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ 29 COM MAU MDG REU 36 CHI 40 IND NEP PAK
Conservation Status: IUCN EN for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Allosorus calomelanos (Sw.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 153 (1836)
= Hemionitis calomelanos (Sw.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 11 (2018)
= Notholaena calomelanos (Sw.) Keyserl.; Polyp. Herb. Bunge 29 (1873)
= Pellaea calomelanos (Sw.) Link; Fil. Spec. 61 (1841)
= Pellaea hastata (Thunb.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 3: 418 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Platyloma calomelanos (Sw.) J.Sm.; Bot. Mag. 72 (Compan.): 21 (1846)
= Pteridella hastata (Thunb.) Mett. ex Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 14 (1879)
= Pteris calomelanos Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 70 (1801)
= Pteris codinae Cadevall & Pau ex Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 2: 31 (1915), pro syn.
= Pteris hastata Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap. 2: 172 (1800) (non Sw. (1801))
subspecies :
subsp. swynnertoniana (Sim) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Pellaea calomelanos var. swynnertoniana (Sim) Schelpe; J. S. African Bot. 30(4): 187 (1964)
= Pellaea swynnertoniana Sim; Ferns S. Afr. [Sim], ed. 2: 213, t. 101 (1915)
species :
Choristosoria dolomiticola (Schelpe) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, North West, N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes dolomiticola (Schelpe) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 155 (1982)
= Hemionitis dolomiticola (Schelpe) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 13 (2018)
= Pellaea dolomiticola Schelpe; J. S. African Bot. 34: 239, t. 3 (1968)
species :
Choristosoria glauca (Sim) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Mauritius
25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT NAM SAF SWZ 29 MAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes viridis var. glauca (Sim) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 155 (1982)
= Pellaea hastata var. glauca Sim; Handb. Ferns Kaffraria 30, pl. 19 (1891)
= Pellaea viridis var. glauca (Sim) Sim; Ferns S. Afr. [Sim], ed. 2: 209, 210, pl. 97 (1915)
species :
Choristosoria induta (Kunze) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes induta Kunze; Linnaea 10: 538 (1836)
= Hemionitis induta (Kunze) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 16 (2018)
= Myriopteris induta (Kunze) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.) 149, t. 12a, f. 3 (1852)
species :
Choristosoria involuta (Sw.) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
subspecies :
subsp. involuta
Distribution: Rwanda; Burundi; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Madagascar
23 BUR RWA 24 SOC 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG 27 SAF 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Allosorus involutus (Sw.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 153 (1836)
= Cheilanthes bojeri (Hook.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 236 (1861)
= Cheilanthes cornuta Kunze; Linnaea 10: 534 (pt.) (1836)
= Cheilanthes involuta (Sw.) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 155 (1982)
= Pellaea bojeri Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 2: 146, t. 119 A (1858)
= Pellaea involuta (Sw.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 148 (1874)
= Pellaea viridis var. involuta (Sw.) Schelpe; Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, 41: 214 (1967)
= Pteridella involuta (Sw.) Mett. ex Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 15 (1879)
= Pteridella involuta var. tripinnatisecta Mett. ex Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 15 (1879)
= Pteris involuta Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 69 (1801)
subspecies :
subsp. obscura (N.C.Anthony) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; SE-Botswana; South Africa (E-Cape Prov., Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar
23 ZAI 24 SOC 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes involuta var. obscura (N.C.Anthony) N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 11: 146 (1984)
= Cheilanthes viridis var. obscura N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 154 (2 Apr. 1982), p. p.
= Pellaea involuta var. obscura (N.C.Anthony) Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Adiant. 18 (2002)
= Pellaea viridis var. obscura N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 154 (1982)
species :
Choristosoria lacerata (N.C.Anthony & Schelpe) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Sudan; Sudan; Ethiopia; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, North West, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, E-Cape Prov., KwaZulu-Natal); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 BUR ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes multifida subsp. lacerata N.C.Anthony & Schelpe; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 153 (1982)
species :
Choristosoria leucomelas (Mett. ex Kuhn) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Allosorus leucomelas (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 806 (1891)
= Pellaea calomelanos var. leucomelas (Mett.) J.E.Burrows; S. African Ferns & Fern Allies 177 (1990)
= Pellaea leucomelas (Mett.) Baker; Syn. Fil. [W.J.Hooker & Baker], ed. 2: 478 (1874)
= Pteridella leucomelas (Mett.) Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): 14, 90 (1879)
= Pteris leucomelas Mett.; Fil. Afr. [Kuhn]: 83 (1868)
species :
Choristosoria multifida (Sw.) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Name: Crevice fern (EN)
Distribution: Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); St. Helena; Madagascar
26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 NAM SAF 28 STH 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Adiantum globatum Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] Suppl. 1: 144 (1810)
= Adiantum multifidum Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 85 (1801)
= Cheilanthes bolusii Baker; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. t. 1636 (1886)
= Cheilanthes multifida (Sw.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. (Kiliae) [O.Swartz] 129, 334 (1806)
= Cheilanthes multifida var. flexa Kunze; Linnaea 10: 537 (1836)
= Hemionitis multifida (Sw.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 18 (2018)
= Polypodium dicksoniifolium Roxb.; Tracts St. Helena [Beatson] 318 (1816)
species :
Choristosoria namaquensis (Baker) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: S-Namibia; South Africa (W-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Allosorus namaquensis (Baker) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 806 (1891)
= Cheilanthes namaquensis (Baker) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 155 (1982)
= Hemionitis namaquensis (Baker) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 18 (2018)
= Pellaea namaquensis Baker; J. Bot. 12: 199 (1874)
species :
Choristosoria pentagona (Schelpe & N.C.Anthony) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 17 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: Angola; Zimbabwe; N-Namibia; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga)
26 ANG ZIM 27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Cheilanthes pentagona Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 152 (1982)
= Hemionitis pentagona (Schelpe & N.C.Anthony) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 20 (2018), nom. inval.
species :
Choristosoria pteroides (L.) Mett. ex Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 13 (1879)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Adiantopsis pteroides (L.) T.Moore; Index Fil. [T. Moore] 37 (1857)
= Adiantum pteroides L.; Mant. Pl. 1: 130 (1767)
= Cassebeera pteroides (L.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 155, t. 6, f. 7 (1836)
= Cheilanthes pteroides (L.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. (Kiliae) [O.Swartz] 128 (1806)
= Hemionitis pteroides (L.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 19 (2018)
= Hemionitis uyulala Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 22 (2018), nom. nov. for Adiantum pteroides L.
= Pellaea pteroides (L.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 3: 420 (1882)
= Pteris orbiculata Houtt.; Nat. Hist. [Houttuyn] 14: 108 (1783)
species :
Choristosoria quadripinnata (Forssk.) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 18 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: Yemen (N-Yemen); Cameroon; Rwanda; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores; Mauritius
23 CMN RWA 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ 29 COM MAU MDG 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Allosorus consobrinus (Kunze) Pappe & Rawson; Syn. Fil. Afr. Austr. 31 (1858)
= Allosorus quadripinnatus (Forssk.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 154 (1836)
= Cheilanthes atherstonii Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 2: 107 (1852)
= Cheilanthes firma T.Moore; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 225 (1853)
= Cheilanthes linearis T.Moore; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 226 (1853)
= Cheilanthes quadripinnata (Forssk.) Kuhn; Filic. Afr. [Kuhn] 74 (1868)
= Cheilanthes triangula Kunze; Linnaea 10: 536 (1836)
= Hemionitis quadripinnata (Forssk.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 20 (2018)
= Pellaea consobrina (Kunze) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 2: 145, t. 117 A (1858)
= Pellaea quadripinnata (Forssk.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 8: 420 (1882)
= Pteridella quadripinnata (Forssk.) Mett. ex Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 16 (1879)
= Pteris consobrina Kunze; Linnaea 10: 526 (1836)
species :
Choristosoria viridis (Forssk.) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 18 of 32 (2025)
subspecies :
subsp. viridis
Name: Green cliffbrake
Distribution: Azores [I] (Pico [I], Faial [I]); Madeira [I] (Madeira Isl. [I]); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Fogo Isl.); Congo [Brazzaville]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Sudan; Ethiopia; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique; Namibia; Botswana; South Africa (fairly widespread); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; Comores (Mayotte); Mauritius; La Réunion; Rodrigues; ?Seychelles; Yemen (N-Yemen); Taiwan [I]; India [I]; Sri Lanka [I]; Australia [I] (E-Queensland [I], New South Wales [I]); New Zealand [I]; Hawaii [I] (Kauai [I], Oahu [I], Maui [I]); USA [I] (Florida [I], Georgia [I], Texas [I]); Brazil (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina)
21 azo CVI mdr 23 BUR CON RWA ZAI 24 ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 BOT LES NAM SAF SWZ 29 COM MAU MDG REU ROD 35 YEM 38 tai 40 ind srl 50 aus 51 nzl 63 haw 77 usa 78 usa 84 BRA
Remarks: inclusion of Ormopteris flavescens see Prado et al. 2013, who attribute it to long-distance dispersal rather than invasion
Synonyms: hidden
= Adiantum viride (Forssk.) Vahl; Symb. Bot. [Vahl] 3: 104 (1794)
= Allosorus adiantoides (Bory ex Willd.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 153 (1836)
= Allosorus flavescens (Fée) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 806 (1891)
= Allosorus viridis (Forssk.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 806 (1891)
= Cassebeera viridis (Forssk.) Kaulf. ex Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 281 (1931)
= Cheilanthes hastata var. canonica Kunze; Linnaea 10: 532 (1836)
= Cheilanthes hastata var. stenophylla Kunze; Linnaea 10: 533 (1836)
= Cheilanthes viridis (Forssk.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. (Kiliae) [O.Swartz] 127 (1806)
= Hemionitis flavescens (Fée) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 13 (2018)
= Hemionitis viridis (Forssk.) Christenh.; Global Fl. 4: 22 (2018)
= Oeosporangium viride (Forssk.) Fraser-Jenk. & Pariyar; Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 1: 263 (2016)
= Ormopteris flavescens (Fée) Barbará; Phytotaxa 221(2): 118 (2015)
= Pellaea adiantoides (Bory ex Willd.) J.Sm.; Cat. Ferns Kew 4 (1856)
= Pellaea bongardiana Kunze ex Baker; Fl. Bras. [Martius] 1(2): 397, t. 55, f. 2 (1870)
= Pellaea flavescens Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 44, t. 22, f. 2 (1869)
= Pellaea hastata var. minor (Bolle) A.Chev.; Rev. Bot. Appl. Agric. Trop. 15 (170/171): 1058, 1059 (1935), nom. inva
= Pellaea viridis (Forssk.) Prantl; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 3: 420 (1882)
= Pellaea viridis var. canonica (Kunze) Verdc.; Fl. Trop. E. Africa, Adiant. 20 (2002)
= Pellaea viridis var. incisa Christ ex Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 16: 83 (1925)
= Platyloma adiantoides (Bory ex Willd.) E.J.Lowe; Ferns 3: t. 33 (1857)
= Pteridella adiantoides (Bory ex Willd.) Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 14 (1879)
= Pteridella viridis (Forssk.) Mett. ex Kuhn; Reisen Ost-Afr. [Decken] 3(3): Bot. 16 (1879)
= Pteris adiantoides Bory ex Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow] 5(1): 391 (1810)
= Pteris elliptica Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 714 (1804)
= Pteris hastata Sw.; J. Bot. [Schrader] 1800(2): 69 (1801) (non Thunb. (1800))
= Pteris hastata var. minor Bolle; Bonplandia (Hannover) 3,10: 122 (1855), nom. nud.
= Pteris hastifolia Schrad.; Gött. Gel. Anz. 917 (1818)
= Pteris polymorpha Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 5: 716 (1804)
= Pteris viridis Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 186 (1775)
subspecies :
subsp. macrophylla (Kunze) Windham & Schuettp.; Taxon 74(2), p. 18 of 32 (2025)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Kenya; Tanzania; South Africa (Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 BUR ZAI 25 KEN TAN 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Allosorus hastatus var. macrophyllus (Kunze) Pappe & Rawson; Syn. Fil. Afr. Austr. 30 (1858)
= Cheilanthes hastata var. macrophylla Kunze; Linnaea 10(5): 532 (1836)
= Cheilanthes macrophylla (Kunze) Kunze; Linnaea 28: 244, 307 (1850)
= Cheilanthes viridis var. macrophylla (Kunze) Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 155 (1982)
= Pellaea hastata var. macrophylla (Kunze) Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W.J.Hooker] 146 (1858)
= Pellaea macrophylla (Kunze) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.) 129 (1852)
= Pellaea viridis var. macrophylla (Kunze) Sim; Ferns S. Afr. [Sim], ed. 2: 208, 209, pl. 99 (1915)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.05 (May 23rd, 2025)

Covering 356,547 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,107 synonyms,
in total 1,416,616* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life