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177.0000 Family Poaceae Barnhart; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 7 (1895), nom. cons., nom. alt.
ca. 800 genera, ca. 12.000 spp. worldwide. Systematics following Soreng et al. (2017) and Soreng et al. (2022)
Species listed in database: 12112; hybrids: 385
= Aegilopaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 221 (1820)
= Agrostidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Alopecuraceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 19 (1820)
= Andropogonaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 28 (1820)
= Anomochloaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Anthoxanthaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Arundinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Arundinellaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 136 (1940)
= Asperellaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 270 (1827)
= Avenaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 60. 31 (1820)
= Bambusaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Bromaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Cenchraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 9, 268 (1827)
= Chaeturaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 106, 269 (1827)
= Chloridaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Chondrosaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Coleanthaceae Pfeiff.; Nomencl. Bot. [Pfeiffer] 1(2): 818. ante (1873)
= Cynodontaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 51, 269 (1827)
= Cynosuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271, 272 (1827)
= Echinariaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Ehrhartaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Eragrostidaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Festucaceae Spreng.; Fl. Comit. Pest. 1: 28 (1825)
= Glyceriaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 271 (1827)
= Gramineae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 28 (1789), nom. cons.
= Holcaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 252 (1833)
= Hordeaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Laguraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Lepturaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 147 (1940)
= Loliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 6, 267 (1827)
= Melicaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 390 (1820)
= Miliaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 91, 270 (1827)
= Nardaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 413 (1820)
= Olyraceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Ophiuraceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 3, 268 (1827)
= Oryzaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Panicaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Pappophoraceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 145 (1940)
= Parianaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Paspalaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 47, 269 (1827)
= Phalaridaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 2: 250 (1833)
= Pharaceae Herter; Revista Sudamer. Bot. 6: 139 (1940)
= Phleaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 269 (1827)
= Saccharaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 265 (1820)
= Sesleriaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 60 (1843)
= Spartinaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 46, 268 (1827)
= Stipaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 264 (1820)
= Streptochaetaceae Nakai; Chosakuronbun Mokuroku [Ord. Fam. Trib. Gen. Sect. ... nov. ed.]: 222 (1943)
= Triticaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 22, 268 (1827)
= Zeaceae A.J.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 651 (1891)
= Zoysiaceae Link; Hort. Berol. [Link] 1: 8, 268 (1827)
177.4953 Genus Ciliochloa Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Distribution: Mediterranean, Asia Minor
Species listed in database: 4
species :
Ciliochloa effusa (Link) Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Name: Schönes Kammgras (DE); Elegant Dog´s-tail (EN); Colaperro (ES)
Distribution: Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Albania; Greece (widespread, but rare in the North, incl. many islands); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife); ?Turkmenistan; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Samos, Ikaria, Lesvos, Kalimnos, Kos, Nisyros, Karpathos, Rhodos); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (S-Iran); Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir)
12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB GRC ITA KRI PTL SIC 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR 34 CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysurus effusus (Link) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 123 (1812)
= Chrysurus paradoxus Sommier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1902: 208 (1902)
= Cynosurus brizoides Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 6: (1838), reimpr. 8
= Cynosurus echinatus subsp. elegans Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France 365 (1894)
= Cynosurus effusus Link; J. Bot. [Schrader] 2: 315 (1799)
= Cynosurus effusus var. furtivus H.Scholz; Willdenowia 21: 135 (1991)
= Cynosurus elegans subsp. effusus (Link) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 2(1): 571 (1901)
= Cynosurus elegans subsp. murbeckii P.C.Silva; Agron. Lusit. 20: 220 (1959), nom. illeg. superfl.
= Cynosurus elegans subsp. paradoxus (Sommier) Cif. & Giacom.; Nomenclator Fl. Ital. 1: 37 (1950)
= Cynosurus elegans var. chalybaeus Pérez Lara; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 15: 410 (1880)
= Cynosurus elegans var. longiaristatus Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 374 (1909)
= Cynosurus elegans var. paradoxus (Fiori) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 122 (1923), nom. illeg.
= Cynosurus elegans var. paradoxus (Sommier) Rouy; Fl. France [Rouy & Foucaud] 14: 175 (1913)
= Cynosurus elegans var. pluriflorus Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 374 (1909)
= Cynosurus elegans var. viviparus Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 374 (1909)
= Cynosurus paradoxus Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 4: 22 (1907)
= Cynosurus paui Sennen; Bull. Géogr. Bot. 21: 132 (1911)
= Cynosurus polybracteatus var. chalybaeus (Pérez Lara) Willk.; Suppl. Prodr. Fl. Hispan. [Willkomm & Lange] 24 (1893)
= Cynosurus pouzolzii Sommier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1903: 25 (1903), pro syn.
variant :
var. fertilis (Lens) Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Distribution: France; Spain; etc.
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynosurus effusus var. fertilis (Lens ex Loisel.) Cantó & Devesa; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 58: 11 (2020)
= Cynosurus elegans var. fertilis (Lens ex Loisel.) Mutel; Fl. Franç. [Mutel], Atl., t. 84, f. 607 (1834)
= Cynosurus fertilis Lens ex Loisel.; Fl. Gall. [Loiseleur], ed. 2, 1: 68 (1828)
variant :
var. obliquata (Link) Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Distribution: France; Spain; etc.
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynosurus cristatus var. obliquatus (Link) Hack.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 76 (1885)
= Cynosurus effusus var. obliquatus (Link) Cantó & Devesa; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 58(1-3): 11 (2020)
= Cynosurus elegans subsp. obliquatus (Link) Trab.; Fl. Algérie [Battandier et al.] Monocot. 191 (1895)
= Cynosurus elegans var. obliquatus (Link) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 797 (1882)
= Cynosurus obliquatus Link; Linnaea 17: 406 (1843)
species :
Ciliochloa elegans (Desf.) Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Pantelleria; Morocco; Algeria; ?Tunisia
11 ger 13 PTL 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysurus elegans (Desf.) P.Beauv.; Ess. Agrostogr. 123 (1812)
= Cynosurus aurasiacus Murb.; Act. Univ. Lund. 36(1): 15 (1900)
= Cynosurus elegans Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 82 (1798)
= Cynosurus elegans subsp. aurasiacus (Murb.) Maire; Cat. Pl. Maroc 1: 64 (1931)
= Falona elegans (Desf.) V.Jirásek & Chrtek; Novit. Bot. Delect. Seminum Horti Bot. Univ. Carol. Prag. 1964: 26 (1964)
species :
Ciliochloa gracilis (Viv.) Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Distribution: France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Libya; etc.
12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA 20 LBY
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynosurus polybracteatus var. gracilis (Viv.) Gren. & Godr.; Fl. France [Grenier] 3: 563 (1856)
= Cynosurus gracilis Viv.; Fl. Libyc. Spec. 67 (1824)
= Chrysurus gracilis (Viv.) Moris; Stirp. Sard. Elench. 1: 50 (1827)
= Cynosurus effusus var. gracilis (Viv.) Kerguélen; Coll. Patrim. Nat. 8 (Index Synonym. Fl. France): xii (1993)
= Cynosurus elegans var. gracilis (Viv.) Nyman; Syll. Fl. Eur. 406 (1855)
species :
Ciliochloa turcomanica (Proskur.) Röser, Tkach & Rasti; Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 201-108204: 9 (2024)
Distribution: Turkmenistan
32 TKM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynosurus turcomanicus Proskur.; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 81(6): 150 (1976)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life