143.0000 Family Iridaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 57 (1789), nom. cons.

70 genera, ca. 2500 spp.

Species listed in database: 2565; hybrids: 46

143.6371 Genus Crocus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 36 (1753)

Distribution: Mediterranean, Asia Minor, few eastward to China and W-Pakistan. Molecular and cytogenetic research led to the recent description of many additional species.

Species listed in database: 267; hybrids: 5

species :

Crocus abantensis T.Baytop & B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 30: 243 (1975)

Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bolu Prov.)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, abantensis group

species :

Crocus abracteolus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 147 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia: Bolkar Mt.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus adami J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 319 (1831)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Kartli, Khevsureti); Armenia; Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey

33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group. SE-Balcans populations etc. belong to undescribed species fide Rukšāns (2017)

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus annulatus Stephan ex Spreng. & Link; Jahrb. Gewächsk. 1(3): 69 (1820)

= Crocus annulatus var. adamicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus var. tauricus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286 (1847)

= Crocus biflorus subsp. adami (J.Gay) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 250 (1890)

= Crocus biflorus var. adami (J.Gay) Trautv.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 17: 330 (1859), nom. superfl.

= Crocus biflorus var. violaceus Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 112 (1882)

= Crocus geghartii Sosn.; Trudy Bot. Sada Akad. Nauk Armyansk. S.S.R. 2: 8 (1949)

= Crocus violaceus (Boiss.) Bornm.; nom. illeg.

= Crocus violaceus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771)

species :

Crocus adamioides Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 11 (2012)

Distribution: Bulgaria; European Turkey (Kirklareli Prov.)

13 BUL TUE

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

species :

Crocus adanensis T.Baytop & B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 30: 245 (1975)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia: Adana Prov.)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, adanensis group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus paschei Kernd.; Herbertia 49: 76 (1993 publ. 1994)

species :

Crocus aerius Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 288 (1847)

Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia: Trabzon Prov.)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus aerius var. pulchricolor Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 289 (1847)

= Crocus aerius var. stauricus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 289 (1847)

= Crocus biliottii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 303 (1881)

species :

Crocus akdagensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 76, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus akkayaensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 74, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus alatavicus Semen. & Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 41(2): 434 (1868)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)

32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus alatavicus var. albus Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada, prepr. 6: 498 (1879)

species :

Crocus albocoronatus (Kernd.) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. albocoronatus Kernd.; Herbertia 49(1-2): 79 1993 (1994)

species :

Crocus alborzensis Jost, Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 184: 19, photogrs. (2025)

Distribution: Iran (Alborz)

34 IRN

species :

Crocus aleppicus Baker; Gard. Chron. 1873: 609 (1873)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR LEB SYR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, fleischeri group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus gaillardotii (Boiss. & C.I.Blanche) Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 234 (1879)

= Crocus hyemalis var. gaillardotii Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 93 (1859)

= Crocus intromissus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 2 (1845)

species :

Crocus alexandri Ničić ex Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 39: 26 (1894)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; NE-Greece (Mt. Falakron)

13 BUL GRC NMA

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus alexandri f. albiflorus Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 38 (1990), nom. inval.

= Crocus alexandri f. violaceolineatus Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 38 (1990)

= Crocus biflorus f. alexandri (Ničić ex Velen.) Stjepanovic-Veselicic; Fl. Srbije 8: 11 (1976), no correct basionym ref.

= Crocus biflorus subsp. alexandri (Ničić ex Velen.) B.Mathew; Crocus 85 (1982)

species :

Crocus almehensis C.D.Brickell & B.Mathew; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 98: 360 (1973)

Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus ancyrensis (Herb.) Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 528 (1881)

Name: Ankara-Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (C- & N-Anatolia)

11 ger 34 TUR

Remarks: Series Reticulati

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus reticulatus var. ancyrensis Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 279 (1847)

species :

Crocus angustifolius Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771)

Name: Cloth of gold (EN), Goldbrokat-Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Ukraine; Crimea; Armenia; USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], New York [I])

11 ger 14 KRY UKR 33 ARM 75 usa

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, Ser. Reticulati

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus fulvus Pall. ex Haw.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3866 (1841), pro syn.

= Crocus reticulatus subvar. reflexus (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 279 (1847)

= Crocus reticulatus var. aureus Trautv.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 17: 329 (1859)

= Crocus reticulatus var. reflexus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3866 (1841)

= Crocus revolutus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 136 (1812)

= Crocus roegnerianus K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 634 (1848)

= Crocus susianus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. t. 652 (1803)

= Crocus versicolor var. caucasicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

species :

Crocus antalyensioides Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 6 (2015)

Distribution: NW-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus antalyensis B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 27: 327 (1972)

subspecies :

subsp. antalyensis

Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

subspecies :

subsp. gemicii Sik & Erol; Pl. Syst. Evol. 294(3-4): 284 (2011)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

subspecies :

subsp. striatus Erol & Koçyiğit; Nordic J. Bot. 28(2): 187 (2010)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus antherotes Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 147 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Mugla Prov.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus archibaldiorum (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus speciosus subsp. archibaldiorum Rukšāns; Crocuses 59 (-60, pl. 25-26) (2010), nom. inval., et Alpine Gardener 80: 209 (2012)

species :

Crocus arizelus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 151 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Mugla Prov.: Gölgeli Mts.)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, atrospermus group

species :

Crocus armeniensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [25] (2016)

Distribution: Armenia

33 ARM

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus artvinensis (J.Philippow) Grossh.; Fl. Kavkaza [Grossheim] 1: 248 (1928)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] (Adzharia); NE-Turkey

33 GEO 34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. artvinensis (J.Philippow) B.Mathew; Crocus 84 (1982)

= Crocus biflorus var. artvinensis J.Philippow; Ser. Brosh. Bot. Kab. Bot. Sad Imp. Nikitsk. Sada 5: 26 (1917)

species :

Crocus asumaniae B.Mathew & T.Baytop; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 469 (1979)

Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus asymmetricus Erol; Phytotaxa 438(2): 74 (2020)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus athous Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 51: 344 (1944)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Athos)

13 GRC

Remarks: sieberi agg.

species :

Crocus atrospermus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 74. 2015

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, atrospermus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. atrospermus Kernd. & Pasche; Plantsman, n. s. 2: 86 (2003)

species :

Crocus autranii Albov; Bull. Herb. Boissier 1: 242 (1893)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia)

33 GEO

species :

Crocus autumnalis Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 2 (1768)

Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain; Gibraltar

12 GIB POR SPA

Remarks: serotinus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crociris iridiflora Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 73 (1853)

= Crociris speciosa Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 73 (1853)

= Crocus byzantinus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 28: t. 1111 (1808)

= Crocus clusii f. mauritii Maire & Sennen; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 24: 228 (1933)

= Crocus clusii var. mauritii (Maire & Sennen) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 207 (1959 publ. 1960)

= Crocus colchiciflorus Reut. ex Maw; Crocus 99 (1886), pro syn.

= Crocus granatensis Boiss. ex Maw; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 363 (1882)

= Crocus neapolitanus Hoppe; Flora 1: 588 (1818), nom. illeg.

= Crocus nudiflorus Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 600 (1842), nom. illeg.

= Crocus nudiflorus subsp. granatensis (Boiss. ex Maw) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 246 (1890)

= Crocus serotinus f. albus B.Mathew; New Plantsman 5(1): 12 (1998)

= Crocus serotinus Salisb.; Parad. Lond., t. 30 (1806)

= Crocus serotinus var. mauritii Maire & Sennen

= Crocus tingitanus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3868 (1841)

= Ixia autumnalis (Mill.) Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 33 (1796)

species :

Crocus avromanicus Advay & Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 172: 14, photogrs. (2024)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Kurdistan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus azerbaijanicus Dolatyari & Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 58, photogrs. (2022)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus baalbekensis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(2): 77, 80, figs. 1-7, 12,-13, 14A, 15-16 (2019)

Distribution: Lebanon

34 LEB

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus baalbekensis f. assiensis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(2): 77, 80, figs. 8, 12-13, 14b (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis f. bellus Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(2): 78, 80, figs. 9-10, 12-13, 14C (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis f. ornatus Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(2): 78, 80, figs. 11, 12-13, 14D (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis subsp. ahlansis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 283, figs. 2-4, 6, 37a (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis subsp. anthopotamus Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 284, 289, 291, figs. 2-4, 8-10, 37b (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis subsp. fakihansis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 284, 290-291, figs. 2-4, 8, 11-12, 37c (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis subsp. harbatansis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 285, 290-291, figs. 2-4, 8, 13-14, 37d (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis subsp. rassomensis Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 285, 290-291, figs. 2-4, 8, 15-16, 37e (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis var. decorus Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 285, 290-291, figs. 2-4, 8, 17-18, 37f (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis var. flavoalbum Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 286, 290-291, figs. 2-4, 8, 19-20, 37g (2019)

= Crocus baalbekensis var. fluctus Addam & Bou-Hamdan; MOJ Ecol. & Environm. Sci. 4(6): 286, 290-291, figs. 2-4, 8, 21-22, 37h (2019)

species :

Crocus babadagensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 7 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey (Lycia: Mugla Prov.: Babadag)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group

species :

Crocus bachofenii D.Shuka, Raca & Harpke; Plants [Basel] 14,741: 6, figs. 1-6 (2025)

Distribution: Albania

13 ALB

species :

Crocus banaticus J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)

Name: Siebenbürger Krokus, Siebenbürger Herbst-Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Serbia; NC- & W-Romania; W-Ukraine

11 ger 13 ROM SRB 14 UKR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus herbertianus Körn.; Index Sem. (Berlin) 1854(App.): 15 (1855)

= Crocus iridiflorus Heuff. ex Rchb.; Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. [H.G.L.Reichenbach] 9: 10 (1847)

= Crocus nudiflorus Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 101 (1814), nom. illeg.

species :

Crocus baytopiorum B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 29: 88 (1974)

Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus bertiscensis Raca, Harpke, Shuka & V.Randjel.; Pl. Biosystems 156(1): 37 (2020)

Distribution: Albania

13 ALB

species :

Crocus berytius Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 185 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Kahramanmaras)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus beydaglarensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 100 (2011)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus bifloriformis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 3-16 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey (Canakkale Prov.: Dededagi)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, crewei group

species :

Crocus biflorus Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: no. 4 (1768)

Name: Zweiblütiger Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Sicily; Italy (widespread)

11 ger 13 ITA SIC

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group. After neotypification by Harpke et al. (2016) true C. biflorus (s. str.) is restricted to Italy. Not all synonyms listed here belong really to C. biflorus.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus annulatus subvar. albidus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. argenteus (Sabine) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. caerulescens Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. estriatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. lineatus (Jan) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3862 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. princeps Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. stigmatosus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus subvar. tenoreanus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus var. biflorus (Mill.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus var. caerulescens (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286 (1847)

= Crocus annulatus var. estriatus (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286 (1847)

= Crocus annulatus var. pusillus (Ten.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus argenteus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 431 (1830)

= Crocus argenteus var. batavicus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 455 (1830)

= Crocus argenteus var. praecox Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 456 (1830)

= Crocus biflorus f. lineatus (Jan) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1904: 28 (1904)

= Crocus biflorus subsp. argenteus (Sabine) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 250 (1890)

= Crocus biflorus subsp. pusillus (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882)

= Crocus biflorus var. communis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 452 (1830)

= Crocus biflorus var. estriatus (Herb.) Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 520 (1860)

= Crocus biflorus var. janii J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 369 (1827)

= Crocus biflorus var. lineatus (Jan) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882), nom. superfl.

= Crocus biflorus var. milleri J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 369 (1827), nom. inval.

= Crocus biflorus var. parkinsonii Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 454 (1830)

= Crocus biflorus var. stigmatosus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 454 (1830)

= Crocus biflorus var. tenorei J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 369 (1827), nom. superfl.

= Crocus cinericius Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)

= Crocus circumscissus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 137 (1812)

= Crocus fussianus J.Gay ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882)

= Crocus italicus Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 88 (1828)

= Crocus lineatus Jan; Elench. Pl. [Jan] 1 (1831)

= Crocus minimus Ten.; Fl. Med. Univ. 1: 24 (1822), nom. illeg.

= Crocus nanus Herbich ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 441 (1841), nom. inval.

= Crocus parkinsonii (Sabine) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 441 (1841)

= Crocus praecox Haw.; Engl. Bot. Suppl. t. 2645 (1830)

= Crocus pusillus (Ten.) Ten.; Index Sem. (Naples, Neapolitano) 1825: 11 (1825)

= Crocus striatus Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 48 (1821)

= Crocus vernus var. pusillus Ten.; Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): VII (1811)

species :

Crocus boissieri Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 304 (1881)

Distribution: +Turkey (+SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Conservation Status: only once collected

species :

Crocus bolensis (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus speciosus subsp. bolensis Rukšāns; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 16 (2013)

species :

Crocus boryi Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)

Distribution: S-Albania; Greece (Kerkyra, Epirus, Ionian Isl., Attiki, Peloponnisos, Kithira, Andikithira); Crete

13 ALB GRC KRI

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, laevigatus-tournefortii group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus boryanus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3863 (1841), nom. superfl.

= Crocus boryanus var. cephalonensis Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3863 (1841)

= Crocus boryi subsp. cretensis (Körn.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882)

= Crocus cretensis Körn.; Flora 39: 469 (1856)

= Crocus ionicus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 3 (1845)

= Crocus laevigatus subsp. boryi (J.Gay) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 250 (1890)

= Crocus laevigatus var. boryi (J.Gay) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. Suppl. 2: 296 (1890)

= Crocus marathonisius Heldr.; Atti Congr. Int. Bot. Firenze 1874: 235 (1876)

species :

Crocus boulosii Greuter; Candollea 23: 45 (1968)

Distribution: Libya

20 LBY

species :

Crocus bowlesianus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 75, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus bozdagensis Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 162: 22, photogrs. 34-47, map 2 (2023)

Distribution: Turkey (Manisa)

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus brachyfilus I.Schneid.; Willdenowia 44(1): 46 (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus elegans (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: 28 (2014)

= Crocus speciosus subsp. elegans Rukšāns; Alpine Gardener 81: 190 (2013)

species :

Crocus brickellii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [7], photogr. (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus bydzowskyanus Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 162: 33, photogrs. 55-69, map 3 (2023)

Distribution: Turkey (Konya)

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus caelestis (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. caelestis Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 38(1): 179 (2006)

species :

Crocus calanthus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 153 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: White Mts.)

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus cambessedesii Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. 25: 320 (1831)

Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca, Menorca)

12 BAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cambessedesianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 33 (1843)

= Crocus cambessedesii var. magontanus (J.J.Rodr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)

= Crocus magontanus J.J.Rodr.; Anales Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 3: 56 (1874)

= Crocus minimus f. cambessedesii (J.Gay) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 1: 390 (1922)

= Crocus minimus subsp. cambessedesii (J.Gay) O.Bolòs, Molin. & P.Monts.; Acta Geobot. Barcinon. 5: 96 (1970)

species :

Crocus cancellatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3864 (1841)

Distribution: S-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cancellatus var. cilicius Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 234 (1879)

= Crocus cancellatus var. kotschyanus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3864 (1841)

= Crocus cancellatus var. margaritaceus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 32(Misc.): 711 (1846)

= Crocus cancellatus var. naupliensis Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3864 (1841)

= Crocus cilicius Kotschy ex Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 84 (1877)

= Crocus pylarum J.Gay ex Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 525 (1860), nomen

species :

Crocus candidus E.D.Clarke; Travels Eur. Asia & Africa 2, 2: 145 (1812)

Distribution: Turkey (WN-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus fleischeri Baker; Gard. Chron. 1873: 680 (1873), nom. illeg.

= Crocus kirkii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 234 (1879)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. candidus (E.D.Clarke) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 282 (1847)

= Crocus vittatus var. candidus (E.D.Clarke) Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 23 (1857)

species :

Crocus cappadocicus (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 155 (2017)

Distribution: C-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Sect. Crocus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus kotschyanus subsp. cappadocicus B.Mathew; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38(3): 393 (1980)

species :

Crocus caricus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. caricus Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 36(1): 7 (2004)

species :

Crocus carpetanus Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 24 (1842)

Distribution: N-Portugal; Spain (C- & NW-Spain)

12 POR SPA

species :

Crocus cartwrightianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 82 (1843)

Distribution: C-Greece (Attiki, SE-Peloponnisos, widespread Kiklades); W-Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria); Jordania (W-Jordania)

13 GRC KRI 34 EAI JOR

Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.; the wild progenitor of the Saffron Crocus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cartwrightianus var. creticus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 4 (1845)

= Crocus graecus Chapp.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 20: 193 (1873)

= Crocus pallasii Spruner ex Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 103 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Crocus sativus subsp. cartwrightianus (Herb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus sativus var. cartwrightianus (Herb.) Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 430 (1881)

species :

Crocus caspius Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 11: 252 (1838)

Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (N-Iran)

33 AZE 34 IRN

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus boryanus var. caspius (Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Hohen.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3863 (1841)

species :

Crocus chiaicus Dolatyari & Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 73, photogrs. (2022)

Distribution: NW-Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus chionophilus Dolatyari & Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 80, photogrs. (2022)

Distribution: NW-Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus christianii Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 162: 51, photogrs. 82-100 (2023)

Distribution: Turkey (Konya)

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus chrysanthus (Herb.) Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 83 (1843)

Name: Kleiner Krokus, Balkan-Krokus (DE), Golden Crocus (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], SE-Scotland [I]); Germany [I]; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; E-Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (N-, NE- & C-Greece, rare Peloponnisos, Thasos, Samothraki); European Turkey; European Russia; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

10 grb 11 ger 13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB TUE 14 RUS 34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus annulatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. t. 3868 (1841)

= Crocus annulatus var. chrysanthus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3862 (1841)

= Crocus chrysanthus f. brunellus Stoj. & Kitan.; Izv. Bulg. Bot. Družh. 9: 94 (1943)

= Crocus chrysanthus f. lilacinus Kitan. & Drenk.; Probl. Balkan Fl. & Veg. [Jordanov et al.] 213 (1975)

= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. multifolius Papan. & E.Zacharof; Bot. Not. 133(2): 157 (1980)

= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. punctatus Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)

= Crocus chrysanthus var. albidus Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 111 (1882)

= Crocus chrysanthus var. atroviolaceus F.Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50: 427 (2013)

= Crocus chrysanthus var. bicoloraceus F.Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50: 424 (2013)

= Crocus chrysanthus var. brunellus (Stoj. & Kitan.) Kitan. & Drenk.; Probl. Balkan Fl. & Veg. [Jordanov et al.] 214 (1975)

= Crocus chrysanthus var. caerulescens Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 111 (1882)

= Crocus chrysanthus var. citrinus Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. Prag, Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. (Vĕstn. Král. České Společn. Nauk., Tř. Mat.-Přír.) 39: 26 (1894)

= Crocus croceus K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 7 (1846)

= Crocus skorpili Velen.; Fl. Bulg. [Velenovský] 537 (1891), et Sitzungsber. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 8: 12 (1910 publ. 1911)

= Crocus sulphureus Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 373 (1846), nom. illeg.

species :

Crocus cigdemiae Erol; Pl. Syst. Evol. 310(4)-28: 10 (2024)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus clusii J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)

Distribution: W-Portugal; ?W-Spain

12 POR

Remarks: serotinus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus autumnalis Brot.; Phytogr. Lusitan. Select. (1816-1827) 2: 40 (1827 publ. 1835), nom. illeg.

= Crocus clusianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31: t. 37, f. 8 (1845)

= Crocus clusii f. xanthostylus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 365 (1939)

= Crocus clusii var. xanthostylus (Maire) Maire; Fl. Afrique N. 6: 208 (1959 publ. 1960)

= Crocus serotinus subsp. clusii (J.Gay) B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 32: 46 (1977)

species :

Crocus cobbii Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Stapfia 113: 31 (2022)

Distribution: Portugal (Tras-os-Montes); Spain (Castilla y Leon)

12 POR SPA

Remarks: serotinus agg.

species :

Crocus coloreus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 157 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Izmir Prov.: Aydin Mts.)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

species :

Crocus concinnus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 101: 10 (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus corsicus Vanucci ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 10: 367 (1878)

Distribution: Corsica

12 COR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus insularis var. major Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 261 (1847)

= Crocus minimus subvar. corsicus (Vanucchi) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)

species :

Crocus crewei Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. t. 6168 (1875)

Distribution: W-Turkey (near Denizli)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, crewei group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. crewei (Hook.f.) B.Mathew; Crocus 81 (1982)

species :

Crocus cvijicii Košanin; Glas Srpske Kralj. Akad. 119: 23 (1926)

Distribution: S-Serbia; N-North Macedonia; E-Albania; NW-Greece (mountains south to Mt. Ossa)

13 ALB GRC NMA SRB

species :

Crocus cyprius Boiss. & Kotschy; Ins. Cypern [Unger & Kotschy] 203 (1865)

Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains)

34 CYP

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, cyprius group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus aerius var. cyprius (Boiss. & Kotschy) Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 83 (1877)

= Crocus cambessedesii Klatt; Linnaea 34: 684 (1865 publ. 1866)

species :

Crocus dalmaticus Vis.; Fl. Dalmat. 1: 119 (1842)

Distribution: Croatia; Montenegro; ?Kosovo; N-Albania

13 ALB CRO MNT

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus dalmaticus f. albiflorus K.Malý; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosni Hercegovini 44: ? (1932)

= Crocus reticulatus var. dalmaticus (Vis.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 279 (1847)

species :

Crocus damascenus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 1 (1845)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, C-Anatolia); N-Iraq; W-Iran; W-Syria

34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cancellatus f. damascenus (Herb.) Mouterde; Nouv. Fl. Liban Syrie 1: 299 (1966)

= Crocus cancellatus subsp. damascenus (Herb.) B.Mathew; Crocus 68 (1982)

= Crocus cancellatus var. damascenus (Herb.) Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 101 (1882)

= Crocus dianthus K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 634 (1848)

= Crocus edulis Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 101 (1882)

species :

Crocus danfordiae Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 781 (1881)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

species :

Crocus danubensis Kernd., Pasche, Randjel. & V.Randjel.; Turk. J. Bot. 38(6): 1195 (2014)

Distribution: Serbia; Bulgaria; S-European Russia (Azov region)

13 BUL SRB 14 RUS

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, Ser. Reticulati

species :

Crocus demirizianus Erol & Can; Nordic J. Bot. 30(6): 665 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus dilekyarensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 20 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus dispathaceus Bowles; Handb. Crocus & Colch. 184, indice (1924)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia); N-Syria

34 SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus pallasii subsp. dispathaceus (Bowles) B.Mathew; Crocus 54 (1982)

species :

Crocus dolatyarii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 149: 70, photogrs. (2022)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus duncanii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 73: [10] (2016)

Distribution: Portugal

12 POR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus duplex Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)

Distribution: S-Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Austria; NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; W-Ukraine; Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], Oregon [I], Utah [I])

11 AUT CZE HUN POL SLO 13 CRO ITA SLV 14 UKR 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni. Formerly often listed as ´Crocus vernus´. See also C. heuffelianus which might have to be included here.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus babiogorensis Zapał.; Bull. Int. Acad. Sci. Cracovie, Cl. Sci. Math. 1906(5): 326 (1906)

= Crocus candidus Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 23 (1857)

= Crocus grandiflorus Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 41 (1839)

= Crocus indivisus J.A.Richt.; Corresp. Vereins Natur- Heilk. Presburg 2: 198 (1863)

= Crocus latifolius Stokes; Bot. Comm. 1: 199 (1830)

= Crocus longiflorus Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz [Hegetschweiler] 40 (1838), nom. illeg., non Raf.

= Crocus multiflorus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 652 (1866)

= Crocus nervifolius Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 10: 16 (1832)

= Crocus nivigena Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 82 (1843)

= Crocus obovatus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 133 (1812)

= Crocus pictus (Sabine) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 441 (1841)

= Crocus reineggeri Opiz; Naturalientausch 10: 262 (1825)

= Crocus sylvester Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 4: 151 (1902)

= Crocus vernalis Billb.; Ekon. Bot., t. 8 (1816)

= Crocus vernus f. intermedius Vuk. ex Beck; Wiss. Mitt. Bosnien & Herzegovina 9: 96 (1904)

= Crocus vernus f. niveus Derganc; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 47: 17 (1897)

= Crocus vernus subsp. nivigena (Herb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus vernus subsp. obovatus (Haw.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus vernus subvar. acutior Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3874 (1841)

= Crocus vernus subvar. aprilis (Sabine) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

= Crocus vernus subvar. elatior Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

= Crocus vernus subvar. obovatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3874 (1841), nom. illeg.

= Crocus vernus subvar. parviflorus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

= Crocus vernus var. albus-major Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 494 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. albus-minor Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 495 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. alpinus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 496 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. andersonii Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 493 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. aprilis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 497 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. bicolor Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 490 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. clavatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 478 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. communis Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

= Crocus vernus var. concinuus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 476 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. crassus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 493 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. delectus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 495 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. dentosus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 489 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. dorsalis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 484 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. dubius Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 478 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. fucatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 483 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. fusiformis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 479 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. gloriana Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 488 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. glorianella Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 488 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. grandis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 475 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. griseus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 490 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. incurvus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 491 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. inflatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 480 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. leucorhynchus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 485 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. lilacinus-praecox Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 482 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. lineatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 486 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. lineellus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 491 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. lusitanicus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 84 (1843)

= Crocus vernus var. maculosus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 477 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. marginatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 474 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. minutus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 481 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. neapolitanus-praecox Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 482 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. nivigena (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

= Crocus vernus var. obesus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 492 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. obovatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 475 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. obsoletus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 494 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. pallens Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 481 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. pallidus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 481 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. parvulus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 493 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. pectinatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 491 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. phaeton Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 476 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. pictus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 483 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. plumbeus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 480 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. podolicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3874 (1841)

= Crocus vernus var. propinquus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 489 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. pruinosus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 479 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. pulchellus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 486 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. puniceus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 473 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. purpureus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 474 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. reticulatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 490 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. sabinei Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 475 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. striatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 487 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. stylosus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 479 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. tardiflorus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 497 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. trilineatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 494 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. tulipaceus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 480 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. turbinatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 477 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. unguis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 485 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. unguis-major Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 485 (1830)

= Crocus vernus var. violaceus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 478 (1830)

species :

Crocus erolii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 144: 56, photogrs., map (2021)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus etruscus Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 3: 228 (1860)

Name: Etruskischer Krokus (DE)

Distribution: WC-Italy (Arcipelago Toscano and adjoining mainland)

13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni

species :

Crocus evae-petrovae Jost, Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 184: 9, photogrs. (2025)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Crocus fauseri Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 99 (2011)

Distribution: Turkey (Mugla)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group

species :

Crocus fibroannulatus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016)

Distribution: NE-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. fibroannulatus Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 29(1): 594 (1997)

species :

Crocus filis-maculatis Kernd. & Pasche; Turk. J. Bot. 38(6): 1195 (2014)

Distribution: Turkey (Adana)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, Ser. Reticulati

species :

Crocus flavus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)

subspecies :

subsp. flavus

Name: Gold-Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; S-Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare N- & NE-Greece); European Turkey; Crimea; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); USA [I] (Utah [I])

11 ger 13 ALB BUL GRC KOS ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY 34 TUR 76 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus aureus Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. [Sibthorp] 1: 24 (1806)

= Crocus floribundus Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 133 (1812)

= Crocus lacteus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 432 (1830)

= Crocus lacteus var. concolor Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 448 (1830)

= Crocus lacteus var. penicillatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 449 (1830)

= Crocus lageniflorus Salisb.; Parad. Lond. 2: t. 106 (1808)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. albus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. concolor (Sabine) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. lacteus (Sabine) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 282 (1847)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. lutescens Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. pallidus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. penicillatus (Sabine) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. striatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. sulphurascens Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. sulphureus (Ker Gawl.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 282 (1847)

= Crocus lageniflorus subvar. trilineatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. aureus (Sm.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841), nom. superfl.

= Crocus lageniflorus var. haemicus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 82 (1843)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. lacteus (Sabine) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. landerianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 82 (1843)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. luteus (Lam.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. striatus (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 282 (1847)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. sulphureus (Ker Gawl.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus maesiacus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 652

= Crocus mesiacus Pasq.; Cat. Orto Bot. Napoli [1867] 33 (1867)

= Crocus moesiacus f. brunnescens Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 11: 851 (1966)

= Crocus moesiacus f. multiflorus Morariu; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 23: 60 (1943)

= Crocus moesiacus f. striatus Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 11: 851 (1966)

= Crocus moesiacus f. violascens Morariu; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 11: 851 (1966)

= Crocus moesiacus Ker Gawl.; Irid. Gen. 76 (1827)

= Crocus moesiacus subvar. aureus (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882)

= Crocus moesiacus var. sulphureus (Ker Gawl.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882)

= Crocus penicillatus (Sabine) Steud. ex Baker; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 680 (1881)

= Crocus sulphureus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 24: t. 938 (1806)

= Crocus sulphureus var. concolor Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 441 (1830)

= Crocus sulphureus var. isabellinus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 440 (1830)

= Crocus sulphureus var. striatellus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 440 (1830)

= Crocus sulphureus var. striatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 439 (1830)

subspecies :

subsp. atticus Kit Tan, Zograf. & Mermygkas; Phytol. Balcan. 20(1): 123 (2014)

Distribution: Greece (Attiki)

13 GRC

species :

Crocus fleischeri Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 319 (1831)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 EAI TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, fleischeri group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus candidus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 17 (1854), nom. illeg.

= Crocus fleischerianus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 278 (1847)

= Crocus parviflorus Baker; J. Bot. 14: 266 (1876)

= Crocus sennii Caval.; Malpighia 34: 182 (1935)

= Crocus smyrnensis Poech; Enum. Pl. Cypr. 11 (1842)

species :

Crocus gargaricus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3866 (1841)

Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, gargaricus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus aureus E.D.Clarke; Travels Eur. Asia & Africa 2(2): 146 (1812), nom. illeg.

= Crocus gargaricus var. citrinus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 281 (1847)

= Crocus gargaricus var. panchrysus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 281 (1847)

species :

Crocus gembosii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [29] (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus georgei Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [40] (2016)

Distribution: Greece (C-Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

Remarks: sieberi agg.; status doubtful fide Strid & Kit Tan 2017, hardly distinct from C. nivalis

species :

Crocus gilanicus B.Mathew; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 112: 11, t. 1 (1975)

Distribution: Iran (NW-Iran: Iranian Azerbaijan)

34 IRN

species :

Crocus goulimyi Turrill; Kew Bull. [10]: 59 (1955)

Distribution: S-Greece (SE-Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus goulimyi f. albus B.Mathew; Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 1(2): 73 (1984)

= Crocus goulimyi subsp. leucanthus (B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Bot. Chron. (Patras) 13: 257 (2000)

= Crocus goulimyi var. leucanthus B.Mathew; Ann. Mus. Goulandris 9: 168 (1994 publ. 1995)

species :

Crocus graveolens Boiss. & Reut.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 107 (1882)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)

34 LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus lageniflorus var. syriacus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

species :

Crocus gunae Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 61: 14 (2015)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus guneri (Yüzb.) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 231 (2017)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus ancyrensis subsp. guneri Yüzb.; Phytotaxa 266(3): 220 (2016)

species :

Crocus hadriaticus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 82 (1845)

Distribution: Albania; Greece (Mt. Parnonas, Mt. Parnassos, etc.)

13 ALB GRC

Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cartwrightianus var. leucadensis Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 4 (1845)

= Crocus hadriaticus f. lilacinus B.Mathew; Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 2(3): 311 (1985)

= Crocus hadriaticus f. parnassicus B.Mathew; Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 2(3): 311 (1985)

= Crocus hadriaticus subsp. parnassicus (B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Bot. Chron. (Patras) 13: 260 (2000), et in Bulb Newslett. 32: 7 (2000)

= Crocus hadriaticus subsp. parnonicus B.Mathew; Bot. Chron. (Patras) 13: 259 (2000)

= Crocus hadriaticus subsp. peloponnesiacus (Orph.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus hadriaticus var. chrysobelonicus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 33: t. 16 (1847)

= Crocus hadriaticus var. peloponnesiacus (Orph.) Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 101 (1882)

= Crocus hadriaticus var. saundersianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 77 (1845)

= Crocus nivalis Klatt; Linnaea 34: 720 (1865 publ. 1866), nom. illeg.

= Crocus peloponnesiacus Orph.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 2, 4: 95 (1859)

species :

Crocus hakkariensis (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 236 (2017)

Distribution: SE-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Sect. Crocus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus kotschyanus subsp. hakkariensis B.Mathew; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38(3): 393 (1980)

species :

Crocus harpkeae Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 125: [10], photogrs. (2020)

Distribution: Turkey (Adana)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus hartmannianus Holmboe; Stud. Veg. Cyprus 54 (1914)

Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, N-Cyprus)

34 CYP

species :

Crocus harveyi Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 90: [18] (2017)

Distribution: East Aegean Isl. (Ikaria)

Error

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, biflorus agg.

species :

Crocus hatayensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 108: [48], photogrs. (2018)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus haussknechtii (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 100 (1882)

Distribution: Iraq; Iran; Palestine

34 IRN IRQ PAL

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus pallasii subsp. haussknechtii (Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw) B.Mathew; Pl. Syst. Evol. 128(1-2): 99 (1977)

= Crocus sativus var. haussknechtii Boiss. & Reut. ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 230 (1881)

species :

Crocus heilbronniorum Erol; Phytotaxa 298(2): 175 (2017)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus henrikii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [22], photogr. (2014)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus hermoneus Kotschy ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 559 (1881)

subspecies :

subsp. hermoneus

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon)

34 LEB

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cancellatus var. hermoneus (Kotschy ex Maw) Mouterde; Nouv. Fl. Liban Syrie 1: 300 (1966)

subspecies :

subsp. palaestinus Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot. 26(4): 180 (1977)

Distribution: Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR

species :

Crocus heuffelianus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 273 (1847)

subspecies :

subsp. heuffelianus

Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; ?NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; W-Ukraine

11 AUT CZE HUN SLO 13 BIH CRO KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni. See also Crocus duplex which is often included in C. heuffelianus (but in the case of unification duplex would have priority)

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus albiflorus subsp. heuffelianus (Herb.) Suess.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi], ed. 2, 2: 396 (1939)

= Crocus banaticus Heuff.; Flora 18: 255 (1835), nom. illeg.

= Crocus banaticus var. concolor Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 652 (1866)

= Crocus banaticus var. niveus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 652 (1866)

= Crocus banaticus var. pictus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 652 (1866)

= Crocus banaticus var. versicolor Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 652 (1866)

= Crocus exiguus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 652 (1866)

= Crocus heuffelianus f. minoriflorus Borbás ex Prodan; Fl. Român., ed. 2: 1238 (1939)

= Crocus heuffelianus f. niveus (Schur) Prodan & Nyár.; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 11: 448 (1966)

= Crocus heuffelianus lusus concolor (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 366 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus heuffelianus lusus niveus (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 366 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus heuffelianus lusus pictus (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 366 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus heuffelianus var. vittatus Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus heuffelii Körn.; Flora 39: 476 (1856), nom. superfl.

= Crocus uniflorus Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 3: 90 (1852)

= Crocus veluchensis subsp. exiguus (Schur) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 249 (1890)

= Crocus veluchensis var. uniflorus (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus vernus nothosubsp. fritschii (Derganc) Govaerts; World Checkl. Seed Pl. 3(1): 20 (1999)

= Crocus vernus f. minoriflorus (Borbás ex Prodan) Randjel., D.A.Hill & V.Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 14 (1990)

= Crocus vernus f. violaceus Beck; Wiss. Mitt. Bosnien & Herzegovina 9: 96 (1904)

= Crocus vittatus Schloss. & Vuk.; Syll. Fl. Croat. 22 (1857), nom. illeg.

subspecies :

subsp. scepusiensis (Rehmann & Woł.) Dostál; Folia Mus. Rerum Nat. Bohemiae Occid., Bot. 21: 16 (1984)

Distribution: S-Poland; Slovakia

11 POL SLO

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus banaticus var. scepusiensis Rehmann & Woł.; Exsicc. (Fl. Polon.) 1844: no. 281 (1844)

= Crocus discolor Reuss; Kvĕtna Slov. 413 (1853)

= Crocus heuffelianus var. scepusiensis (Rehmann & Woł.) Prodan & Nyár.; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 11: 448 (1966)

= Crocus scepusiensis (Rehmann & Woł.) Borbás ex Kulcz.; Fl. Polska 1: 149 (1919)

= Crocus vernus subsp. scepusiensis (Rehmann & Woł.) Soják; Čas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Přír. 148: 203 (1979 publ. 1980)

species :

Crocus hittiticus T.Baytop & B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 30(2): 244 (1975)

Distribution: S-Turkey (Mersin)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, Ser. Reticulati

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus reticulatus subsp. hittiticus (T.Baytop & B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Crocus 72 (1982)

species :

Crocus hyemalis Boiss. & C.I.Blanche; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 93 (1859)

Distribution: Lebanon (coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)

34 ISR JOR LEB SYR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus hyemalis var. foxii Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 106 (1882)

species :

Crocus hyrcanus Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 182: 48, photogrs. (2025)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Crocus ibrahimii (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus speciosus subsp. ibrahimii Rukšāns; Alpine Gardener 80: 210 (2012)

species :

Crocus ilgazensis (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 259 (2017)

Distribution: N-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus speciosus subsp. ilgazensis B.Mathew; Crocus 111 (1982)

species :

Crocus ilvensis Peruzzi & Carta; Nordic J. Bot. 29(1): 7 (2011)

Distribution: Italy (Elba Isl.)

13 ITA

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni

species :

Crocus imperati Ten.; Mem. Crochi 10 (1826)

Distribution: S-Italy; USA [I] (New York [I])

13 ITA 75 usa

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus imperati var. albiflorus Ten.; Fl. Napol. 4: 11 (1830)

= Crocus imperati var. reidii Maw; Monogr. Crocus 119 (1886)

= Crocus imperatonianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 69: t. 3871 (1841), nom. superfl.

= Crocus imperatonianus var. albus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

= Crocus imperatonianus var. montanus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

= Crocus imperatonianus var. princeps Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841), nom. inval.

= Crocus imperatonianus var. rupestris Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

= Crocus incurvus Donn ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 441 (1841)

= Crocus recurvus Haw.; Hort. Brit. [Loudon], Suppl. 1: 586 (1850)

= Crocus reflexus Donn; Hort. Cantabrig., ed. 4: II (1807)

= Crocus suaveolens subsp. imperati (Ten.) Colas.; Fl. Ital. [Pignatti] 4: 919 (2019)

species :

Crocus incognitus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 156 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Izmir Prov.: Boz Mts.)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

species :

Crocus inghamii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 89: [11] (2017)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus ionopharynx (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. ionopharynx Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 36(1): 6 (2004)

species :

Crocus iranicus Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 61: 23 (2015)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus isauricus Bowles; Handb. Crocus & Colch. 126 (1924)

Distribution: S-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. isauricus (Siehe ex Bowles) B.Mathew; Crocus 82 (1982)

species :

Crocus istanbulensis (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 271 (2017)

Distribution: NW-Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus olivieri subsp. istanbulensis B.Mathew; Crocus 99 (1982)

species :

Crocus jablanicensis Randjel. & V.Randjel.; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 49(1-2): 99 (2012)

Distribution: North Macedonia

13 NMA

Remarks: veluchensis agg.

species :

Crocus jostii Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 152: [8], photogr. (2022)

Distribution: Kosovo; North Macedonia

13 KOS NMA

Remarks: veluchensis agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus veluchensis var. micranthus Randj. & A.D.Hill; (1990) nom. inval.

species :

Crocus kangalensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 182 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Sivas)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus karamanensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 146 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Karaman Prov.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus karduchorum Kotschy ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 234 (1881)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus kartaldagensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 174 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Gaziantep)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus katrancensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 75, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus keltepensis Yüzb.; Phytotaxa 418(2): 231 (2019)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus kerndorffiorum Pasche; Herbertia 49(1-2): 67 (1993 publ. 1994)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, leichtlinii group

species :

Crocus kofudagensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 13 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus korolkowii Regel ex Maw; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 6: 499 (1880)

Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Herat, Kabul, Parwan); Pakistan (Chitral)

32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 PAK

species :

Crocus kosaninii Pulević; Glasn. Republ. Zavoda Zaštitu Přír. Prirodnjačke Zbirke Titogradu 9: 40 (1976)

Distribution: ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia

13 SRB

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus kosaninii f. albidus Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 17 (1990), nom. inval.

species :

Crocus kotschyanus K.Koch; Index Sem. (Berlin) 17 (1853)

Name: Ring-Herbst-Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)

11 ger 34 LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: Sect. Crocus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus kotschyi Lenné & K.Koch; Verh. Vereins Beförd. Gartenbaues Königl. Preuss. Staaten 22: 398 (1853)

= Crocus zonatus J.Gay ex Klatt; Linnaea 34: 682 (1866)

species :

Crocus kurdistanicus (Maroofi & Assadi) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [3], photogr. (2014)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus danfordiae subsp. kurdistanicus Maroofi & Assadi; Iran. J. Bot. 9: 234 (2002)

species :

Crocus laevigatus Bory & Chaub.; Expéd. Sci. Morée, Bot. 3(2): t. 3, fig. 2 (1832)

Distribution: Greece (Peloponnisos, Attiki, S-Evvoia, Kiklades widespread, Psara); Crete (widespread)

13 GRC KRI

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, laevigatus-tournefortii group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus laevigatus subsp. pumilus Rukšāns; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 26 (2013)

= Crocus pumilus (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 59: 15 (2014)

species :

Crocus lazicus Boiss. & Balansa ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 97 (1882)

Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: Sect. Crocus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus scharojanii subsp. lazicus (Boiss.) B.Mathew; Plantsman, n. s. 1: 51 (2002)

species :

Crocus leichtlinii (Dewar) Bowles; Handb. Crocus & Colch. 142 (1924)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, leichtlinii group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus var. leichtlinii Dewar; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 9: 235 (1891)

species :

Crocus leucostylosus (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, crewei group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. leucostylosus Kernd. & Pasche; Plantsman, n. s. 2: 87 (2003)

species :

Crocus ligusticus Mariotti; Candollea 43(2): 674 (1988)

Distribution: SE-France (SW-Alps); NW-Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus nudiflorus subsp. medius Douin; Fl. Ill. France 10: 104 (1929)

species :

Crocus longiflorus Raf.; Caratt. Nuov. Gen. 84 t. 19, f. 2. n. 203 (1810)

Distribution: SW-Italy; Sicily; Malta

13 ITA MLT SIC

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus lageniflorus var. stellaris (Haw.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus longiflorus subsp. melitensis (Herb.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus odorus Biv.; Stirp. Rar. Sicilia 3: 8 (1815)

= Crocus odorus var. longiflorus (Raf.) Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 30: t. 3 (1844)

= Crocus odorus var. melitensis Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 30: t. 3 (1844)

= Crocus odorus Vis.; Stirp. Dalmat. Spec. 32 (1826), nom. illeg.

= Crocus wilhelmii Fisch. & C.A.Mey. ex Maw; Crocus 162 (1886), pro syn.

= Crocus ×stellaris Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 136 (1812)

species :

Crocus lyciotauricus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 153 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Lycian coastal mts.)

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus lycius (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 16 (2015)

Distribution: S-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cancellatus subsp. lycius B.Mathew; Crocus 69 (1982)

species :

Crocus lydius Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 101 (2011)

Distribution: Turkey (Manisa Prov.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus malatyensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 179 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Malatya)

34 TUR

Remarks: biflorus agg.

species :

Crocus malyi Vis.; Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 16: 213 (1871)

Distribution: Croatia; Montenegro (Velebit Planina and borders of Crna Gora and Hercegovina)

13 CRO MNT

species :

Crocus marandicus Dolatyari & Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 51, photogrs. (2022)

Distribution: Iran (Iranian Azerbaijan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus marasensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 175 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Kahramanmaras)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus mathewii Kernd. & Pasche; New Plantsman 1(2): 102 (1994)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus mawii Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 145 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Konya Prov.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus mazziaricus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 3 (1845)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Greece (scattered mainland, Ionian Isl., Samothraki, Kiklades: Andros, Paros); East Aegaean Isl. (Samos, Agathonisi, Kalimnos, Kos, Tilos); Turkey (NW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, C-Turkey)

13 ALB GRC NMA 34 EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cancellatus subsp. mazziaricus (Herb.) B.Mathew; Crocus 69 (1982)

= Crocus cancellatus var. mazziaricus (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 277 (1847)

= Crocus schimperi J.Gay ex Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 84 (1877)

= Crocus spruneri Boiss. & Heldr.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 7: 103 (1846)

species :

Crocus mediotauricus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 150 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Geyik Mts.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus melantherus Boiss. ex Harpur-Crewe; Gard. Chron. n. s., 12(no. 288): 9, column 3 (1879)

Distribution: S-Greece (Attiki, Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group, melantherus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus annulatus var. graecus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286 (1847)

= Crocus biflorus subsp. melantherus B.Mathew; Crocus 81 (1982)

= Crocus melantherus (Boiss. & Orph. ex B.Mathew) Peruzzi; Phytotaxa 260(2): 137 (2016), comb. illeg.

= Crocus melantherus Boiss. ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 749 (1881)

species :

Crocus mersinensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 3 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey (Icel Prov.: Pusatli Dagi)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus michelsonii B.Fedtsch.; Fl. Turkmen. [Fedtschenko et al.] 1: 328 (1932)

Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran)

32 TKM 34 IRN

species :

Crocus micranthus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 95 (1859)

Distribution: S-Turkey (Cilicia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, Ser. Reticulati

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus variegatus var. micranthus (Boiss.) Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 102 (1882)

species :

Crocus minimus DC.; Liliac. [Redouté] 2: t. 81 (1804)

Name: Kleinster Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; S-Corsica; Sardinia

11 ger 12 COR SAR

Synonyms: hidden

= Bulbocodium elongatum (Vahl) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 700 (1891)

= Crocus insularis J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 321 (1831)

= Crocus insularis var. geminiflorus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 261 (1847)

= Crocus insularis var. medius Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 261 (1847)

= Crocus insularis var. minimus (Redouté) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 261 (1847)

= Crocus minimus var. corsicus J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 370 (1827), nom. inval.

= Crocus minimus var. sardous Fiori & Paol.; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 221 (1896)

= Crocus nanus Duby; Bot. Gall. 168 (1828)

= Ixia elongata Vahl; Enum. Pl. [Vahl] 2: 51 (1805)

= Romulea elongata (Vahl) Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 87 (1877)

= Trichonema bulbocodium var. elongatum (Vahl) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 702 (1841)

= Trichonema elongatum (Vahl) Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 30: t. 1225 (1809)

species :

Crocus minutus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 3 (2011)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, crewei group

species :

Crocus moabiticus Bornm. & Dinsm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 383 (1912)

Distribution: Jordania (S-Jordania)

34 JOR

species :

Crocus mouradi Whittall; Garden (London, 1871-1927) 35: 373 (1889)

Distribution: W-Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus flavus subsp. dissectus T.Baytop & B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 30(2): 241 (1975)

species :

Crocus muglaensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [14], photogr. (2014)

Distribution: Turkey (Mugla)

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. kesercioglui Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)

species :

Crocus multicostatus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 155 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Izmir Prov.: Lydian Bozdaglar)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

species :

Crocus munzurense Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 179 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Erzincan)

34 TUR

Remarks: biflorus agg.

species :

Crocus musagecitii Erol & Yıldırim; Phytotaxa 239(3): 227 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus mysius Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 10 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey (Balikesir Prov.: SE Balikesir)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

species :

Crocus naqabensis Al-Eisawi & Kiswani; Arab Gulf J. Sci. Res. 19: 167 (2001)

Distribution: Palestine

34 PAL

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus neapolitanus (Ker Gawl.) Loisel.; Herb. Gén. Amat. 2: t. 101 (1817)

Distribution: Austria [I]; Italy; Croatia

11 aut 13 CRO ITA

Remarks: vernus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus albiflorus subsp. neapolitanus (Ker Gawl.) Suess.; Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. [Hegi], ed. 2, 2: 396 (1939)

= Crocus purpureus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771), nom. utique rej.

= Crocus vernus subsp. neapolitanus (Ker Gawl.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 445 (1906)

= Crocus vernus var. grandiflorus J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 371 (1827), nom. superfl.

= Crocus vernus var. neapolitanus Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 22: t. 860 (1805)

species :

Crocus neglectus Peruzzi & Carta; Pl. Syst. Evol. 301(1): 322 (2014)

Name: Übersehener Krokus, Toskanischer Frühlingskrokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria [I]; Czech Republic [I]; France [I]; NC-Italy (Liguria, Toscana, Emilia-Romagna); San Marino

11 aut cze ger 12 fra 13 ITA SMA

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni. Frequently cultivated and escaped, treated often as "Crocus vernus".

species :

Crocus nerimaniae Yüzb.; Plantsman 3: 104 (2004)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, yataganensis group

species :

Crocus nevadensis Amo & Campo; Revista Progr. Ci. Exact. 5: 55, 57 (1871)

Distribution: Spain (EC- & SE-Spain); Morocco; Algeria

12 SPA 20 ALG MOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus algeriensis Baker; Gard. Chron., n. s. 7: 45 (1877)

= Crocus atlanticus Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 383 (1874)

= Crocus marcetii Pau; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 9: 24 (1909)

= Crocus nevadensis subsp. marcetii (Pau) P.Monts.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 38(1): 249 (1981)

= Crocus nevadensis var. atlanticus (Pomel) Pau & Font Quer; Iter Marocc. [Font Quer], Exsicc. 1929: no. 87 (1930)

= Crocus versicolor subsp. marcetii (Pau) G.Monts.; Bull. Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Bassin Médit. 15: 87 1972-(1973 publ. 1974)

= Crocus versicolor var. aragonensis G.Monts.; Bull. Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Bassin Médit. 15: 88 (1972-1973 publ. 1974)

species :

Crocus nivalis Bory & Chaub.; Expéd. Sci. Morée, Bot. 21. t. 2, f. 1 (1832)

Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare N-Greece, scattered C- & S-Greece, Evvoia, Andros, Sporades, Lefkada, Kefalonia); East Aegaean Isl. (Ikaria, Samos)

13 ALB BUL GRC NMA 34 EAI

Remarks: sieberi agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus atticus (Boiss. & Orph.) Orph.; Bull. Congr. Internatl. Bot. Hort. St.-Pétersbourg 1869: 118 (1870)

= Crocus atticus subsp. nivalis (Bory & Chaub.) Rukšāns; Crocuses 173 (2010), nom. superfl.

= Crocus atticus subsp. sublimis (Herb.) Rukšāns; Crocuses 171 (2010)

= Crocus maudii K.Malý; Glasn. Zemaljsk. Muz. Bosni Hercegovini 48: 28 (1936), no latin descr.

= Crocus sieberi subsp. atticus (Boiss. & Orph.) B.Mathew; Crocus 65 (1982)

= Crocus sieberi subsp. nivalis (Bory & Chaub.) B.Mathew; Crocus 66 (1982)

= Crocus sieberi subsp. sublimis (Herb.) B.Mathew; Crocus 66 (1982)

= Crocus sieberi var. atticus Boiss. & Orph.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 44 (1859)

= Crocus sieberi var. thessalus (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus sublimis Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 81 (1845)

= Crocus thessalus Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 17 (1854)

species :

Crocus niveus Bowles; Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 28: 335 (1900)

Distribution: S-Greece (S- & SE-Peloponnisos)

13 GRC

species :

Crocus novicii V.Randjel. & Miljković; Phytotaxa 265(1): 41 (2016)

Distribution: S-Albania; NW-Greece (very rare near Albanian border)

13 ALB GRC

species :

Crocus nubigenus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 81 (1843)

Name: Zweiblütiger Safran (DE); Silvery Crocus; Dutch Crocus (EN)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Simi, Rhodos); Turkey (W-Anatolia, S-Anatolia)

34 EAI TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus annulatus var. nubigena (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 285 (1847)

= Crocus biflorus subsp. nubigena (Herb.) B.Mathew; Crocus 82 (1982)

= Crocus biflorus var. nubigena (Herb.) Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 112 (1882)

= Crocus rhodensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 34 (2015)

species :

Crocus nudiflorus Sm.; Engl. Bot. [Smith & Sowerby] 7: t. 491 (1798)

Name: Pyrenäen-Krokus, Pyrenäen-Herbst-Krokus (DE), Autumn Crocus (EN)

Distribution: England [I] ; Scotland [I]); Germany [I]; Spain (N-, E- & C-Spain); Andorra; SW-France; NW-Italy

10 grb 11 ger 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA

Remarks: serotinus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus aphyllus Ker Gawl.; Ann. Bot. [König & Sims] 1: 222 (1804), nom. superfl.

= Crocus fimbriatus Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées 22 (1813)

= Crocus hybernus var. pyrenaeus (Herb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882)

= Crocus medius Balb.; Elenco 83 (1801)

= Crocus multifidus G.Bergeret; Fl. Basses-Pyrénées 131 (1803), nom. illeg.

= Crocus multifidus Ramond; Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 2: 129. t. 8 (1800)

= Crocus pyrenaeus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 255 (1847), nom. superfl.

species :

Crocus ochroleucus Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 93 (1859)

Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Israel (N-Israel)

34 ISR LEB

species :

Crocus olivieri Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol. 25: 319 (1831)

subspecies :

subsp. olivieri

Distribution: ?Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (scattered mainland, mostly Peloponnisos, Attiki); European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios, Samos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)

13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA TUE 34 EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 16 (1854)

= Crocus lageniflorus var. oliverianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3869 (1841)

= Crocus olivieri f. balcanicus Kitan. & Drenk.; Probl. Balkan Fl. & Veg. [Jordanov et al.] 213 (1975)

= Crocus sulphureus Klatt; Linnaea 34: 676 (1865 publ. 1866)

= Crocus suterianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 5 (1845)

= Crocus syriacus Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 522 (1860)

subspecies :

subsp. balansae (Gay ex Baker) B.Mathew; Bot. Mag. 179(3): sub t. 639 (1973)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); Turkey (W-Anatolia)

34 EAI TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus balansae J.Gay ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 234 (1879)

= Crocus balansae J.Gay ex Baker; Gard. Chron. 1873: 680 (1873)

species :

Crocus oreocreticus B.L.Burtt; Phyton (Horn) 1: 224 (1949)

Distribution: Crete (C- & E-Crete)

13 KRI

Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.

species :

Crocus oreogenus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 155 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Bey Daglari)

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus orphei Karampl. & Constantin.; Turk. J. Bot. 38(6): 1196 (2014)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Falakron)

13 GRC

Remarks: Series Reticulati

species :

Crocus osmanerolii Ciftci; Pl. Biosystems 159(4): 753 (2025)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus pallasii Goldb.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 157 (1817)

Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (rare NC- & NE-Crete, Attiki, Samothraki, Limnos); European Turkey; Crimea; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Chios, Samos, Kos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, C-Syrian Desert, Jazira); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (S-Jordania)

13 BUL GRC ROM TUE 14 KRY 34 EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR

Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus campestris Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 30 (1843)

= Crocus elwesii (Maw) O.Schwarz; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 74 (1934)

= Crocus homeri Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 144: 72, photogrs (2021) [Chios]

= Crocus hybernus Friv.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 374 (1846)

= Crocus libanoticus Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: 422 (1955)

= Crocus macedonicus Rukšāns; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 24 (2013)

= Crocus macrobolbos Jovet & Gomb.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 103: 460 (1956)

= Crocus olbanus Siehe; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 1 (1906)

= Crocus pallasianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 30: t. 3, f. 2 (1844)

= Crocus pallasii f. albidus Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 22 (1990), nom. inval.

= Crocus samarasii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 144: 82, photogrs, map (2021) [Kos]

= Crocus sativus subsp. pallasii (Maw) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus sativus var. elwesii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 230 (1881)

= Crocus sativus var. pallasii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 430 (1881)

= Crocus thiebautii Mouterde; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 101: 422 (1955)

= Crocus visianicus var. hybernus (Friv.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)

species :

Crocus pamphylicus (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 17 (2015)

Distribution: S-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus cancellatus subsp. pamphylicus B.Mathew; Crocus 69 (1982)

species :

Crocus pelistericus Pulević; Glasn. Republ. Zavoda Zaštitu Prír. Prirodnjacke Zbirke Titogradu 9: 39 (1976)

Distribution: North Macedonia; E-Albania; N-Greece (only Mt. Voras)

13 ALB GRC NMA

species :

Crocus pelitensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 175 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Adana)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus pestalozzae Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 17 (1853)

Distribution: European Turkey; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)

13 TUE 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus var. pestalozzae (Boiss.) Maw ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 112 (1882)

species :

Crocus pilousii Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 162: 10, photogrs. 8-16a, map (2023)

Distribution: C-Greece (Mt. Parnassos)

13 GRC

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, sieberi agg.

species :

Crocus ponticus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 183 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Rize)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus pseudoiranicus Dolatyari & Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 150: 65, photogrs. (2022)

Distribution: W-Iran (Kurdistan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus pseudonubigena (B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 138 (2016)

Distribution: SE-Turkey (E-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. pseudonubigena B.Mathew; Crocus 83 (1982)

species :

Crocus pulchellus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: sub t. 3862 (1841)

Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece (NC- & NE-Greece, Chalkidiki, Thasos, Samothraki); European Turkey; East Aegaean Isl. (Chios); Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia)

13 BUL GRC KOS SRB TUE 34 EAI TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus constantinopolitanus Hertoldt ex Maw; Crocus 316 (1886), pro syn.

species :

Crocus pulchricolor (Herb.) Herb. ex Tchich.; Asie Min., Bot. [P.A.Tchichatscheff] 2: 523 (1860)

Distribution: NW-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. pulchricolor (Herb.) B.Mathew; Crocus 85 (1982)

= Crocus sibthorpianus var. pulchricolor Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 5 (1845)

species :

Crocus punctatus (B.Mathew) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 138 (2016)

Distribution: SW-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. punctatus B.Mathew; Crocus 83 (1982)

species :

Crocus puringii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [22] (2016)

Distribution: Ukraine

14 UKR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus randjeloviciorum Kernd., Pasche, Harpke & Raca; Biol. Nyssana 8(1): 10, figs. 1-4 (2017)

Distribution: Serbia; Bulgaria

13 BUL SRB

species :

Crocus rechingeri Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 101: 9 (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus reinhardii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 61: 19 (2015)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus reticulatus Steven ex Adams; Beitr. Naturk. [Weber & Mohr] 1: 45 (1805) s. str.

Name: Netz-Krokus

Distribution: Hungary [I]; W-Ukraine; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]

11 hun 14 RUS UKR 33 GEO NCS

Remarks: Series Reticulati

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus luteus M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp. 82 (1798), nom. illeg.

= Crocus reticulatus subvar. rectilimbus (Herb.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 279 (1847)

= Crocus reticulatus var. albicans Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 29(Misc.): 83 (1843)

= Crocus reticulatus var. auritextus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 279 (1847)

= Crocus reticulatus var. immaculatus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3866 (1841)

= Crocus reticulatus var. rectilimbus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3866 (1841)

species :

Crocus rifatozdemirii Erol; Phytotaxa 665(1): 20 (2024)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus robertianus C.D.Brickell; J. Roy. Hort. Soc. 98: 362 (1973)

Distribution: C-Greece (Epirus, C-Greece, Mt. Othrys)

13 GRC

species :

Crocus romuleoides Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 174 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Adyaman)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus roopiae Woronow; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Glavn. Bot. Sada R.S.F.S.R. 5: 62 (1924)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia

33 ARM NCS

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus roseoviolaceus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 95: 2 (-3) (2011)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, crewei group

species :

Crocus rujanensis Randjel. & D.A.Hill; Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 7(4): 184 (1990)

Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina

13 BIH

Remarks: near C. sieberi

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus rujanensis f. diklicii Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 27 (1990), nom. inval.

species :

Crocus ruksansii Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 90: [7] (2017)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)

34 EAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, biflorus agg.

species :

Crocus sakaltutanensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [37] (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus sakariensis (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus speciosus subsp. sakariensis Rukšāns; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 14 (2013)

species :

Crocus salurdagensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 77, figs. 1-4, tab. 1-2 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus salzmannii J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)

Distribution: Morocco; Algeria

20 ALG MOR

Remarks: serotinus agg. Bona sp. fide Kerndorff & Harpke 2022

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus salzmannianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. sub t. 3868 (1841)

= Crocus salzmannii var. coloratus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 365 (1939)

= Crocus salzmannii var. pallidus Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 365 (1939)

= Crocus serotinus subsp. salzmannii (J.Gay) B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 32: 46 (1977)

species :

Crocus sanandajensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 107: 7, figs. 1-3 (2017)

Distribution: Iran (Zagros Mts.)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus sarichinarensis (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 442 (2017)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus flavus subsp. sarichinarensis Rukšāns; Crocuses 157 (pl. 214-215) (2010)

species :

Crocus sativus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 36 (1753)

Name: Echter Safran

Distribution: Not known in the wild; European Russia [c]; France [c]; Croatia [c]; Greece [c]; Morocco [c]; Turkey [c]; Iran [c]; China [c]; Pakistan [c]; India [c]; Myanmar [c]

12 fra 13 cro grc 14 rus 20 mor 34 irn tur 36 chi 40 ind pak 41 mya

Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus autumnalis Sm.; Engl. Bot. [Smith & Sowerby] t. 343 (1796), nom. illeg.

= Crocus officinalis (L.) Honck.; Syn. Pl. Germ. 1: 273 (1792)

= Crocus orsinii Parl.; Fl. Ital. [Parlatore] 3: 238 (1860)

= Crocus pendulus Stokes; Bot. Comm. 1: 209 (1830)

= Crocus sativus subsp. orsinii (Parl.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 248 (1890)

= Crocus sativus var. cashmerianus Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle] 1: t. 90, f. 1 (1834)

= Crocus sativus var. officinalis L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 36 (1753)

= Crocus sativus var. orsinii (Parl.) Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 11: 234 (1879)

= Crocus setifolius Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 1: 104 (1812)

= Geanthus autumnalis Raf.; Specchio Sci. 1: 116 (1814)

= Safran officinarum Medik.; Hist. & Commentat. Acad. Elect. Sci. Theod.-Palat. 6: 473 (1790)

species :

Crocus scardicus Košanin; Glas Srpske Kralj. Akad. 119: 24 (1926)

Distribution: Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania

13 ALB KOS NMA

species :

Crocus scharojanii Rupr.; Gartenflora 17: 134, t. 578, f. 2 (1868)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Svaneti, Racha-Lechkhumi, Samegrelo); NE-Turkey

33 GEO NCS 34 TUR

Remarks: Sect. Crocus

species :

Crocus schneideri Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 178 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Kayseri)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus seisumsiana Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 90: [26] (2017)

Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos)

34 EAI

Remarks: provisionally accepted name, biflorus agg.

species :

Crocus siculus Tineo; Fl. Sicul. Prodr., Suppl. 1: 7 (1832)

Distribution: Sicily

13 SIC

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus vernus subsp. siculus (Tineo) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

species :

Crocus sieberi J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831) (err typ. 220)

Name: Sieber-Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Crete (mountains); USA [I] (New York [I])

13 KRI 75 usa

Remarks: sieberi agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus sibiricus Barr; Gard. Chron., n. s. 5: 307 (1876), sphalm.

= Crocus sibthorpianus Herb.; Bot. Reg. (1813) Misc. 83

= Crocus sibthorpianus var. angustifolius Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3863 (1841)

= Crocus sibthorpianus var. latifolius Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3863 (1841)

= Crocus sibthorpianus var. stauricus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 5 (1845)

= Crocus sieberi var. sibthorpianus (Herb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus sieberi var. versicolor Boiss. & Heldr.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 5: 103 (1882)

= Crocus sieberianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3866 (1841)

species :

Crocus sieheanus Barr ex B.L.Burtt; Bot. Mag. 162: t. 9583 (1938)

Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

species :

Crocus simavensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 7 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey (Balikesir Prov., N of Simav)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, nubigenus group

species :

Crocus sipyleus (F.Candan & Özhatay) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 463 (2017), et Int. Rock Gard. 125: [5] (2020)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus chrysanthus subsp. sipyleus Candan & Özhatay; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(6): 427 (2013)

species :

Crocus sivasensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 183 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Sivas)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

species :

Crocus sozenii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: [28] (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus speciosus M.Bieb.; Tabl. Prov. Mer Casp. 129 (1800)

subspecies :

subsp. speciosus

Name: Pracht-Herbst-Krokus (DE), Bieberstein´s Crocus (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Germany [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Racha-Lechkhumi, Imereti, Kartli, Mtiuleti, Tush-Pshav-Khevsureti, Trialeti, Meskheti); Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, NW-Iran: Iranian Azerbaijan)

10 grb 11 ger 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup. Widely cultivated in gardens and likely escaping increasingly

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus multifidus Rochel ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 4: 110 (1852)

= Crocus nudiflorus Hohen.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 212 (1833), nom. illeg.

= Crocus polyanthus Grossh.; Trudy Bot. Inst. (Baku) 2: 251 (1936)

= Crocus speciosus var. caucasicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841), nom. inval.

= Crocus speciosus var. laxior Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus speciosus var. transylvanicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3861 (1841)

= Crocus tauricus Steven ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882), pro syn.

subspecies :

subsp. hellenicus Rukšāns; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 17 (2013)

Distribution: W-Greece (Mt. Timphi, Epirus, Lefkada)

13 GRC

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus hellenicus (Rukšāns) Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [28] (2014)

= Crocus hellenicus subsp. hellenicoides Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 182: 36, photogrs. (2025)

species :

Crocus stevensii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 76: [34] (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus striatulus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 141 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

species :

Crocus stridii Papan. & Zaharof; Bot. Not. 133(2): 161 (1980)

Distribution: NE-Greece (around Thessaloniki, Nomos Evrou)

13 GRC

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. stridii (Papan. & Zaharof) B.Mathew; Crocus 80 (1982)

species :

Crocus suaveolens Bertol.; Descr. Zaffer. Ital.: no. 3 (1826)

Distribution: SC-Italy

13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus imperati subsp. suaveolens (Bertol.) B.Mathew; Kew Bull. 32: 46 (1977)

= Crocus imperati var. suaveolens (Bertol.) Fiori; Fl. Anal. Italia 1: 220 (1896), nom. superfl.

= Crocus minimus var. italicus J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 370 (1827)

species :

Crocus suworowianus K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 633 (1848)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; ?Georgia [Caucasus]; NE-Turkey

33 NCS 34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus karsianus Fomin; Key Pl. Caucasus Crimea [Fomin & Woronow] 1: 292 (1907)

= Crocus kotschyanus subsp. suworowianus (K.Koch) B.Mathew; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 38(3): 393 (1980)

= Crocus vallicola var. lilacinus Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 148 (1881)

= Crocus vallicola var. suworowianus (K.Koch) Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 148 (1881)

= Crocus vallicola var. zohrabii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 148 (1881)

= Crocus zohrabii Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 148, in syn. (1881)

species :

Crocus tahtaliensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 150 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus taseliensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 97: 6 (2012)

Distribution: Turkey (Icel Prov.: Taseli Yaylasi)

34 TUR

species :

Crocus tauri Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 749 (1881)

Distribution: Turkey (C- & S-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. tauri (Maw) B.Mathew; Crocus 85 (1982)

species :

Crocus tauricus (Trautv.) Puring; Trudy Bot. Sada Imp. Yur´evsk. Univ. 1: 194 (1900)

Distribution: Crimea; W-Northern Caucasus

14 KRY 33 NCS

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus var. tauricus Trautv.; Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg 17: 331 (1859)

species :

Crocus terzioghlui Erol; Phytotaxa 420(3): 225 (2019)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus thirkeanus K.Koch; Linnaea 21: 633 (1848)

Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia)

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, gargaricus group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus gargaricus subsp. herbertii B.Mathew; Bot. Mag. (Kew Mag.) 1(2): 72 (1984)

= Crocus herbertii (B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Plantsman, n. s. 8(1): 57 (2009)

species :

Crocus thomasii Ten.; Mem. Crochi 12 (1826)

Distribution: S-Italy; Croatia

13 CRO ITA

Remarks: cartwrightianus agg.

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus thomasianus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3873 (1841), nom. superfl.

= Crocus thomasianus var. laevis Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3873 (1841)

= Crocus thomasianus var. princeps Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3873 (1841)

= Crocus versicolor var. dalmaticus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

= Crocus visianicus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 83 (1845)

species :

Crocus thracicus Yüzb. & Aslan; Phytotaxa 197(3): 208 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus tommasinianus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 273 (1847)

Name: Dalmatiner Krokus, Elfen-Krokus, Tommasini-Krokus, Bauern-Krokus (DE), Early Crocus (EN)

Distribution: England [I] (England [I], Wales [I], Isle of Man [I], Scotland [I]); Netherlands [I]; Germany [I]; Hungary; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Bulgaria; USA [I] (Delaware [I])

10 grb 11 ger HUN net 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO KOS SRB 78 usa

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus serbicus A.Kern. ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 368 (1881)

= Crocus tommasinianus f. jeremicii Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 16 (1990), nom. inval.

= Crocus vernus var. tommasinianus (Herb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

species :

Crocus tournefortii Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 25: 320 (1831)

Name: Tourneforts Krokus (DE); Tournefort´s Crocus (EN)

Distribution: Greece (Idra Isl., widespread Kiklades); Crete (incl. Gavdos); East Aegaean Isl. (Lipsi, Leros, Tilos, Simi, Kasos, Karpathos, Chalki, Rhodos)

13 GRC KRI 34 EAI

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, laevigatus-tournefortii group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus boryi subsp. tournefortii (J.Gay) Greuter, Matthäs & Risse; Willdenowia 15: 42 (1985)

= Crocus fontenayi Reut. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882)

= Crocus orphanidis Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 95: t. 5776 (1869)

= Crocus parvulus Herb. ex Maw; Crocus 238 (1886), pro syn.

= Crocus pholegandrius Orph.; Bull. Congr. Internatl. Bot. Hort. St.-Pétersbourg 1869: 118, 134 (1870)

= Crocus tournefortianus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 6 (1845), nom. superfl.

species :

Crocus tuna-ekimii Yüzb.; Phytotaxa 314(1): 111 (2017)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus turcicus (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 507 (2017)

Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia); NE-Iraq; Lebanon; ?Syria

34 IRQ LEB TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus pallasii subsp. turcicus B.Mathew; Pl. Syst. Evol. 128(1-2): 98 (1977)

species :

Crocus uschakensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 52: [18], photogr. (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus vaclavii Rukšāns; Seven New Crocuses Balkans Turkey 22 (2013)

Distribution: NE-Greece (Mt. Athos)

13 GRC

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group

species :

Crocus vallicola Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 2 (1845)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus] (Abkhazia, Guria, Adzharia); Azerbaijan; NE-Turkey

33 AZE GEO NCS 34 TUR

species :

Crocus variegatus Hoppe & Hornsch.; Tageb. Reise Adriat. 187, t. 1 (1818)

Distribution: Hungary; NE-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Bulgaria

11 HUN 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA SLV

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, Ser. Reticulati

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus reticulatus f. adspersus (Priszter) Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 59: 46 (1972)

= Crocus reticulatus f. confusus Gajić & Oldja; Fl. Delibl. Pesc. 353 (1983)

= Crocus reticulatus f. estriatus (Priszter) Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 59: 46 (1972)

= Crocus reticulatus f. leptanthus (Priszter) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 365 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus reticulatus f. nadae Gajić; Fl. Delibl. Pesc. 353 (1983)

= Crocus reticulatus f. pluriflorus (Nyár. & Ravarut) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 365 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus reticulatus lusus adspersus (Priszter) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 365 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus reticulatus lusus ochroleucus Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 59: 46 (1972)

= Crocus reticulatus lusus striatus (Priszter) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 365 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus reticulatus lusus violaceus (Priszter) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 16: 365 (1970 publ. 1971)

= Crocus reticulatus var. variegatus (Hoppe & Hornsch.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3866 (1841)

= Crocus variegatus f. adspersus Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 55: 178 (1968)

= Crocus variegatus f. estriatus Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 55: 178 (1968)

= Crocus variegatus f. leptanthus Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 55: 178 (1968)

= Crocus variegatus f. pluriflorus Nyár. & Ravarut; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Roman. (Fl. Republ. Socialist. Romania) 11: 450 (1966)

= Crocus variegatus lusus striatus Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 55: 178 (1968)

= Crocus variegatus lusus violaceus Priszter; Bot. Közlem. 55: 178 (1968)

= Crocus vittatus Raf.; Autik. Bot. 123 (1840)

species :

Crocus veluchensis Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 80 (1845)

Distribution: ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of NW-, NC-, NE- & C-Greece)

13 ALB BUL GRC KOS NMA SRB

Remarks: a very variable species containing probably several distinct entities

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus balcanensis Janka; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 22: 181 (1872)

= Crocus orbelicus Stoj.; Izv. Tsarsk. Prír. Inst. Sofiya 4: 144 (1931)

= Crocus pallasii Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 374 (1846), nom. illeg.

= Crocus tomoricus Markgr.; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 102: 330 (1931)

= Crocus veluchensis f. albus Randjel.; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 24 (1990), nom. inval.

= Crocus veluchensis subsp. balcanensis (Janka) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus veluchensis var. micranthus Randjel. & D.A.Hill; Serbian Acad. Sci. Arts, Dept. Nat. Math. Sci. Monogr. 66: 23 (1990), nom. inval.

species :

Crocus veneris Tapp. ex Poech; Enum. Pl. Cypr. 10 (1842)

Distribution: Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, W-Cyprus, N-Cyprus)

34 CYP

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, fleischeri group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus tournefortianus var. venereus Herb.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 31(Misc.): 6 (1845)

species :

Crocus vernus (L.) Hill; Veg. Syst. 10: 1 (1765)

Name: Weißer Krokus (DE)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen [I], Schleswig-Holstein [I], Sachsen [I], Thüringen [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain (NE-Spain); Andorra; SW-France; Channel Isl. [I]; N-Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania

11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE SLO SWI 12 ADO cis FRA SPA 13 ALB CRO ITA SLV

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni. For long times known as "C. albiflorus". Lectotypification of C. vernus see Peruzzi et al. 2013

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus acutiflorus Seidl; Naturalientausch 9: 123 (1825)

= Crocus albiflorus Kit. ex Schult.; Oesterr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 101 (1814)

= Crocus appendiculatus A.Kern. ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 368 (1881) in syn.

= Crocus caeruleus Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 237 (1771)

= Crocus heuffelianus subsp. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus montanus Hoppe ex Maw; Crocus 152 (1886), pro syn.

= Crocus montenegrinus A.Kern. ex Maw; Gard. Chron., n. s. 16: 368 (1881)

= Crocus parviflorus (J.Gay) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 1: 128 (1906), nom. illeg.

= Crocus pygmaeus Lojac.; Fl. Sicul. [Lojacono] 3: 58 (1909)

= Crocus rubens Weston; Bot. Univ. 2: 238 (1771)

= Crocus sativus var. vernus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 36 (1753)

= Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Ces.; Not. Nat. Civ. Lombardia [Cattaneo] 1: 315 (1844)

= Crocus vernus subsp. albiflorus (Kit.) Asch. & Graebn.; Syn. Mitteleur. Fl. [Ascherson & Graebner] 3: 446 (1906) isonym

= Crocus vernus subvar. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 271 (1847)

= Crocus vernus var. acutiflorus (Seidl) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 708 (1882)

= Crocus vernus var. albiflorus (Kit. ex Schult.) Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3874 (1841)

= Crocus vernus var. parviflorus J.Gay; Bull. Sci. Nat. Géol. 11: 371 (1827)

= Crocus vilmae Fiala; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 40: 247 (1890)

= Ixia vernalis Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 33 (1796), nom. superfl.

species :

Crocus versicolor Ker Gawl.; Bot. Mag. 28: t. 1110 (1808)

Distribution: France; NW-Italy

12 FRA 13 ITA

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus crestensis Eugène; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 15: 191 (1868)

= Crocus fragrans Haw.; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 1: 136 (1812)

= Crocus meridionalis Risso; Fl. Nice 474 (1844)

= Crocus reinwardtii Rchb.; Iconogr. Bot. Pl. Crit. 10: 14 (1832)

= Crocus subapenninus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 259 (1847)

= Crocus versicolor subsp. crestensis (Eugène) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)

= Crocus versicolor subsp. cristensis (Eugène) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 707 (1882)

= Crocus versicolor var. affinis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 468 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. cristensis (Eugène) Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 81 (1877)

= Crocus versicolor var. elegans Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 462 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. floribundus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 465 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. gallicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

= Crocus versicolor var. gawleri Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 459 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. haworthii Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 464 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. inconspicuus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 467 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. lineatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 464 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. morleon Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 466 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. neglectus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 460 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. pectinatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 466 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. plumosus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 461 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. princeps Herb.; Bot. Mag. 67: t. 3871 (1841)

= Crocus versicolor var. propinquus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 468 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. purpureus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 461 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. similis Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 460 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. stellatus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 468 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. urbanus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 469 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. venustus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 462 (1830)

= Crocus versicolor var. violaceus Sabine; Trans. Hort. Soc. London 7: 463 (1830)

species :

Crocus vitellinus Wahlenb.; Resor Eur. Österland. [Berggren] 2(Bih.): 59 (1826), et Isis 21: 1000 (1828)

Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel)

34 ISR LEB SYR TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus syriacus Boiss. & Gaill.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 4: 94 (1859)

species :

Crocus wattiorum (B.Mathew) B.Mathew; Fl. Turkey 11: 272 (2000 publ. 2001)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, wattiorum group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. wattiorum B.Mathew; New Plantsman 2: 183 (1995)

species :

Crocus weldenii Hoppe & Fürnr.; Flora 23: 208 (1840)

Distribution: Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania

13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS MNT NMA SLV SRB

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, weldeni group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus annulatus var. albus Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286 (1847)

= Crocus annulatus var. purpurascens Herb.; J. Hort. Soc. London 2: 286 (1847)

= Crocus biflorus subsp. weldenii (Hoppe & Fürnr.) B.Mathew; Crocus 84 (1982), isonym

= Crocus biflorus subsp. weldenii (Hoppe & Fürnr.) K.Richt.; Pl. Eur. [K.Richter] 1: 250 (1890)

= Crocus biflorus var. weldenii (Hoppe & Fürnr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 705 (1882)

= Crocus pallidus f. bulgaricus Kitan. & Drenk.; Probl. Balkan Fl. & Veg. [Jordanov et al.] 213 (1975)

= Crocus pallidus Kitan. & Drenk.; Probl. Balkan Fl. & Veg. [Jordanov et al.] 213 (1975)

= Crocus weldenii f. lutescens Pulević; Glasn. Republ. Zavoda Zaštitu Přír. Prirodnjačke Zbirke Titogradu 10: 85 (1977)

species :

Crocus xantholaimos (B.Mathew) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 535 (2017)

Distribution: N-Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, biflorus group, speciosus subgroup

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus speciosus subsp. xantholaimos B.Mathew; Crocus 111 (1982)

species :

Crocus xanthosus Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 103: 77, figs. 1-3, tab. 1-2 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus yakarianus Yıldırim & Erol; Nordic J. Bot. 31(4): 426 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus yalovensis Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 99: [18] (2018), nom. nov.

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus pestalozzae subsp. violaceus Yüzb. & Özhatay; Phytotaxa 174(5): 280 (2014)

= Crocus violaceus (Yüzb. & Özhatay) Rukšāns; World Crocuses 527 (2017)

species :

Crocus yaseminiae Erol; Phytotaxa 188(2): 108 (2014)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus yataganensis (Kernd. & Pasche) Kernd., Pasche & Harpke; Phytotaxa 260(2): 138 (2016)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, yataganensis group

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus biflorus subsp. yataganensis Kernd. & Pasche; Linzer Biol. Beitr. 38(1): 178 (2006)

species :

Crocus youngiorum Rukšāns & Zetterl.; Int. Rock Gard. 102: 22 (2018)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Crocus zagrosensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 107: 10, figs. 1-3 (2017)

Distribution: Iran (Zagros Mts.)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus zanjanensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 107: 7, figs. 1-3 (2017)

Distribution: Iran (Zanjan)

34 IRN

Remarks: sect. Nudiscapus, ponticus-tauri-group, Ser. Adamii

species :

Crocus zetterlundii Rukšāns; Int. Rock Gard. 64: 23 (2015)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus ziyaretensis Kernd. & Pasche; Stapfia 99: 154 (2013)

Distribution: Turkey (Antalya Prov.: Ziyaret Mts.)

34 TUR

Remarks: ser. Lyciotauri

species :

Crocus zubovii Rukšāns; World Crocuses 548 (2017)

Distribution: Iran

34 IRN

species :

Crocus zuvandicus Rukšāns & Zubov; Int. Rock Gard. 182: 25, photogrs. (2025)

Distribution: Azerbaijan

33 AZE

species :

Crocus ×asturicus Herb.; Bot. Mag. 69: t. 3998 (1843)

Distribution: Spain

12 SPA

Remarks: serotinus agg.; Crocus nudiflorus x C. salzmannii

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus hybernus subsp. asturicus (Herb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur. 706 (1882)

= Crocus serotinus subsp. asturicus (Herb.) M.Laínz; Bol. Inst. Estud. Asturianos, Supl. Ci., Ser. C, 26: 6 (1980)

species :

Crocus ×fritschii Derganc; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 47: 18 (1897)

Distribution: Austria; etc.

11 AUT

Remarks: Sect. Crocus, Series Verni; Crocus duplex x C. vernus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus vernus nothosubsp. fritschii (Derganc) Govaerts; World Checkl. Seed Pl. 3(1): 20 (1999)

species :

Crocus ×helenae D.Dubovik; Fl. Belarusi 3: 200 (2017)

Distribution: Belarus

14 BLR

Remarks: provisionally accepted name

species :

Crocus ×hybridus Petrovič; Fl. Agr. Nyss. 821 (1882)

Distribution: Of garden origin; England [I]; Serbia [I]; Kosovo [I]; etc.

10 grb 13 kos srb

Remarks: Crocus biflorus ssp. adamii x C. chrysanthus

Synonyms: hidden

= Crocus chrysanthus var. bornmuelleri Kitan. & Drenk.; Probl. Balkan Fl. & Veg. [Jordanov et al.] 214 (1975)

species :

Crocus ×paulineae Pasche & Kernd.; New Plantsman 6(1): 44 (1999)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

Remarks: Crocus abantensis x ancyrensis

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.10 (Oct. 12th, 2025)

Covering 357,450 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
**in total 1,419,285* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Realization

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (14)

Genus (75)

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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.10 (Oct. 12th, 2025)

Covering 357,450 accepted species,8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,in total 1,419,285* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 357,450 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
**in total 1,419,285* names**

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]