134.0000
Family
Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30648; hybrids: 1477
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.4271
Genus
Cynorkis Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 13 (1822)
Distribution: mainly in Madagascar (over 80), Comores, and Mascarenes (over 30), Seychelles, tropical Africa (17). Physoceras is often treated separately.
Species listed in database: 180; hybrids: 2
= Acrostylia Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 227 (1895)
= Amphorchis Thouars; Hist. Orchid. Tabl. Synopt. (1822), orth. var.
= Amphorkis Thouars; Nouv. Bull. Sci. Soc. Philom. Paris 1: 316 (1809)
= Arnottia A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 29 (1828)
= Barlaea Rchb.f.; Linnaea 41: 54 (1876)
= Bicornella Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 20(1): sub t. 1701 (1835)
= Camilleugenia Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Cynosorchis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 14 (1822), orth. var.
= Forsythmajoria Kraenzl. ex Schltr.; Orchideen [Schlechter] 73 (1914), nom. inval.
= Helorchis Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 35 (1924)
= Hemiperis Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 235 (1895)
= Imerinorchis Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 68 (2005)
= Lemuranthe Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 84 (1924)
= Lowiorchis Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 55(3): 314 (2004)
= Microtheca Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 76 (1924)
= Monadeniorchis Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(4): 178 (2006)
= Physoceras Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 78 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis aconitiflora
Hermans, Andriant. & Sieder; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 2 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis adeleana
Pailler; Phytotaxa 629(2): 181 (2023)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Cynorkis alborubra
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 39 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella alborubra (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis ambondrombensis
Boiteau; Bull. Trimestriel Acad. Malgache, n. s. 24: 90 (1942)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis ampullacea
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 290 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella ampullacea Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006), nom. inval.
= Cynorkis ampullacea (H.Perrier) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 112 (1939)
= Cynorkis cuneilabia subsp. ampullacea H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 5: 51 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis ampullifera
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 145 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis anacamptoides
Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 18 (1895), et Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 151 (1895)
Distribution: SE-Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Equatorial Guinea; E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; SW-Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; SW-Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
22 NGA 23 BIO BUR CMN EQG RWA ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ANG MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella anacamptoides (Kraenzl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
= Cynorkis barlaea Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 489 (1915)
= Cynorkis gymnadenoides Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 489 (1915)
= Cynorkis micrantha Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915), nom. illeg.
= Cynorkis platyclinoides Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 367 (1900)
= Habenaria calcarata (Rchb.f.) Benth.; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 211 (1881)
= Stenoglottis calcarata Rchb.f.; Flora 48: 180 (1865)
variant :
var. ecalcarata
P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 32(1): 137 (1977)
Distribution: São Tomé; Zambia; Malawi
23 SAO 26 MLW ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella anacamptoides var. ecalcarata (P.J.Cribb) Szlach., Mytnik & Rutk.; Orchid. W.-Centr. Africa 1: 278 (2010)
species :
Cynorkis andohahelensis
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 34 (1939)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella andohahelensis (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis andringitrana
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 40 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella andringitrana (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis angustipetala
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 514 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis guttata Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Orchid Rev. 115: 248 (2007)
= Cynorkis angustipetala T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 90 (1892 publ. 1893)
species :
Cynorkis anisoloba
Summerh.; Kew Bull. [12]: 108 (1957)
Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique
26 MOZ ZIM
Conservation Status: IUCN R
species :
Cynorkis ankaranensis
Hervouet; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 44(9): 74 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis aphylla
Schltr.; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 150 (1913)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Mahajanga)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lowiorchis aphylla (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 55(3): 315 (2004)
species :
Cynorkis aristei
(J.-B.Castillon) P.J.Cribb & Hermans; Lankesteriana 21(2): 93 (2021)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: known only from one location, critically endangered
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis boryana var. aristei (J.-B.Castillon) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
= Physoceras boryanum var. aristei J.-B.Castillon; Richardiana 11(1): 14 (2010)
species :
Cynorkis aurantiaca
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 123 (1886)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella aurantiaca (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis australis
(Boiteau) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: not in the Mascareignes fide Hermans & Cribb 2023
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras australe Boiteau; Bull. Trimestriel Acad. Malgache, n. s. 24: 88 (1942)
species :
Cynorkis bardotiana
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 20(2): 281 (1998)
Distribution: N-Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis baronii
Rolfe ex Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 58 (1893)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella baronii (Rolfe ex Scott Elliot) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
= Cynorkis nigrescens Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 311 (1916)
= Cynorkis nigrescens var. jumelleana Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 311 (1916)
= Cynorkis pauciflora Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 58 (1893)
= Cynorkis baronii (Rolfe) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 96 (1892 publ. 1894)
species :
Cynorkis bathiei
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 41 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella bathiei (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 141 (2006)
= Cynorkis inversa Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 55 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis betsileensis
Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 492 (1898)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Imerinorchis betsileensis (Kraenzl.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis betsomangensis
(Bosser) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras betsomangense Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 20(3): 258 (1980)
species :
Cynorkis bifurca
(H.Perrier) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras bifurcum H.Perrier; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 6: 254 (1955)
species :
Cynorkis bimaculata
(Ridl.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 114 (1939)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella bimaculata (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
= Habenaria bimaculata Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 506 (1885)
species :
Cynorkis bobyi
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras perrieri Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 82 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis boinana
Schltr.; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 150 (1913)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Mahajanga)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis borbonica
Pailler; Pl. Ecol. Evol. 153(3): 493 (2020)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis reunionensis Pailler & Bosser; Orchid. Réunion [Pailler & Henze] 108, 197 (2020), nomen
species :
Cynorkis boryana
(A.Rich.) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 331 (1835)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Conservation Status: IUCN R. Extremely rare
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis boryana (A.Rich.) Rchb.f.; Otia Bot. Hamburg. 72 (1878)
= Gymnadenia boryana A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 26 (1828)
= Physoceras boryanum (A.Rich.) Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 20(3): 257 (1980)
species :
Cynorkis brachyceras
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 43 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella brachyceras Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 44 (1924)
= Imerinorchis brachyceras (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis brachystachya
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 20(3): 260 (1980)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis brauniana
Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 62 (1893)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name, status uncertain
species :
Cynorkis brevicalcar
P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 40(2): 399 (1985)
Distribution: S-Malawi (Mt. Mulanje)
26 MLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella brevicalcar (P.J.Cribb) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis brevicornu
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 516 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella brevicornu (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis breviplectra
(Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Hemiperis breviplectra Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 244 (1895), nomen
species :
Cynorkis buchananii
Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 260 (1897)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Tanzania; Malawi; Mozambique
23 BUR ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella bosseriana (Szlach.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
= Bicornella buchananii (Rolfe) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
= Cynorkis bosseriana Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 39(1): 31 (1994)
= Cynorkis buchwaldiana subsp. nyassana (Schltr.) Summerh.; Kew Bull. 16: 258 (1962)
= Cynorkis nyassana Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 145 (1906)
species :
Cynorkis buchwaldiana
Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 175 (1900)
subspecies :
subsp. buchwaldiana
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
subspecies :
subsp. braunii
(Kraenzl.) Summerh.; Kew Bull. 16: 258 (1962)
Distribution: SE-Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis braunii Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 48: 389 (1912)
species :
Cynorkis cadetii
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 29(1): 14 (2007)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
species :
Cynorkis calcarata
(Thouars) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 96 (1892 publ. 1893)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphorkis calcarata Thouars; Hist. Orchid. Tabl. Synopt. t. 4 (1822)
= Amphorkis variegata Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Amphorkis variegata var. digitata Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Amphorkis variegata var. polymorpha Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Barlaea calcarata (Thouars) Rchb.f.; Linnaea 41: 54 (1876)
= Cynorkis cylindrostachys Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 489 (1898)
= Cynorkis variegata (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 403 (1915)
= Habenaria amphorchis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 689 (1826), nom. nov. for Amphorkis calcarata
= Orchis dubia Thouars; Hist. Orchid. Tabl. 1 (1822)
species :
Cynorkis cardiophylla
Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 307 (1916)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella cardiophylla (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis castillonii
(P.Bernet) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: possibly only a variety of C. boryana fide Hermans & Cribb 2023
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras castisillonii P.Bernet; Richardiana 10(3): 145 (2010)
species :
Cynorkis catatii
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 352 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toamasina)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis christae
Hermans, Andriant. & Sieder; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 2 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar (Mahajanga)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis cinnabarina
(Rolfe) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 69(2)-9517: 9 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Benthamia cinnabarina (Rolfe) H.Perrier; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 38 (1934)
= Habenaria cinnabarina Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1893: 173 (1893)
species :
Cynorkis citrata
(Thouars) P.Bernet; Orchidée (France) 37: 78-79 (2019)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: very old records for Mauritius are doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis citrina (Thouars) Bytebier & Pailler; Phytotaxa 394(4): 299 (2019)
= Cynorkis citrata (Thouars) Bytebier; Phytotaxa 409(1): 46-48 (2019), isonym
= Habenaria citrata Thouars; Cahier six Planches: t. 5 (1819)
= Habenaria citrina Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 16 (1822)
= Habenaria quadrifolia Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 259 (1895)
= Habenorkis citrabenis Thouars; Cahier six Planches: t. 5 (1819), sphalm.
= Habenorkis citrinabenis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 16 (1822), nom. superfl., sphalm.
= Peristylus citrinus (Thouars) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 298 (1835)
= Platanthera citrina (Thouars) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 633 (1898)
species :
Cynorkis clarae
Geerinck; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 52 (34): 342 (1982)
Distribution: SE-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella clarae (Geerinck) Szlach., Mytnik & Rutk.; Orchid. W.-Centr. Africa 1: 279 (2010)
species :
Cynorkis coccinelloides
(Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915)
Distribution: Madagascar; La Réunion
29 MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella coccinelloides (Frapp.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 141 (2006)
= Camilleugenia coccinellides Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 234, nomen
species :
Cynorkis commersoniana
(A.Rich.) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 922 (1898)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara); La Réunion; Mauritius
29 MAU MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella raymondiana (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
= Cynorkis commersonii Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 213 (1855), orth. var.
= Cynorkis frappieri Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 400 (1915), nom. nov. for Hemiperis tenella Frapp.
= Cynorkis raymondiana H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 48 (1931) ex Hermans, Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 292 (2007)
= Cynorkis raymondiana H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 292 (2007)
= Gymnadenia commersoniana A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 36 (1828)
= Habenaria commersoniana (A.Rich.) Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 259
= Habenaria commersoniana (A.Rich.) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 75 (1892 publ. 1894)
= Hemiperis tenella Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 237 (1895), nomen
= Peristylus commersonianus Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 297 (1835)
= Platanthera commersoniana Frapp.; Orchid. Réunion, Cat. Espèces Indig. 10 (1880), nomen
species :
Cynorkis comorensis
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 24(1): 21-25 (2002)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
species :
Cynorkis compacta
(Rchb.) Rolfe; Bot. Mag. 132, t. 8053 (1903)
Distribution: South Africa (S-KwaZulu-Natal, E-KwaZulu-Natal)
27 SAF
Conservation Status: IUCN I
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella compacta (Rchb.f.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
= Cynorkis compacta Rchb.f.; Flora 71: 149 (1888)
species :
Cynorkis confusa
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 147 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis constellata
(Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis clavata (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915)
= Cynorkis ludens (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
= Cynorkis nitida (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
= Hemiperis clavata Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 247 (1895)
= Hemiperis constellata Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 246 (1895)
= Hemiperis ludens Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 239 (1895)
= Hemiperis nitida Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 245 (1895)
species :
Cynorkis cuneilabia
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 45 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella cuneilabia (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis debilis
(Hook.f.) Summerh.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 246 (1933)
Distribution: Nigeria; Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; São Tomé; Equatorial Guinea; Gabon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe
22 NGA 23 BIO BUR CMN EQG GAB RWA SAO ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella debilis (Hook.f.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 143 (2006)
= Bicornella lisowskii (Szlach.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
= Cynorkis lisowskii Szlach.; Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 39(1): 29 (1994)
= Habenaria debilis Hook.f.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 7: 221 (1864)
species :
Cynorkis decaryana
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 291 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella decaryana (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
= Cynorkis decaryana H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 45 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis dens-serpens
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 69(2)-9517: 1 (2014)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis discolor
(Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: bona sp. and not a synonym of C. ridleyi fide Hermans & Cribb 2023
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphorkis discolor Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 322
species :
Cynorkis disperidoides
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 345 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis elata
Rolfe ex Scott Elliot; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 29: 58 (1893)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa, Toamasina, Toliara)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis elegans
Rchb.f.; Flora 71: 150 (1888), et Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 3: 424 (1888)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella elegans (Rchb.f.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
= Gymnadenia muricata Brongn. ex Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 482 (1898)
species :
Cynorkis elephantina
Hermans, Andriant. & Sieder; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 7 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis epiphytica
(Schltr.) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras epiphyticum Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 80 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis ericophila
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 291 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis ericophila H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 71 (1931)
= Imerinorchis ericophila (H.Perrier) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis falcata
(Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 400 (1915)
Distribution: Madagascar (Sava); La Réunion
29 MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Benthamia longecalceata H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 139 (1951)
= Habenaria sacculata (Balf.f. & S.Moore) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 85 (1892 publ. 1894)
= Hemiperis falcata Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 241 (1895)
= Peristylus sacculatus Balf.f. & S.Moore; J. Bot. 14: 293 (1876)
species :
Cynorkis fastigiata
Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 13 (1822), nom. cons.
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina); Comores (Anjouan, Mayotte, Mohéli); Mauritius; La Réunion; Seychelles (Mahé Isl., Silhouette Isl., Praslin Isl., Curieuse Isl.); Taiwan [I]; Fiji [I]; Wallis & Futuna [I] (Alofi Isl. [I], Futuna Isl. [I])
29 COM MAU MDG REU SEY 38 tai 60 fij wal
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorchis fastigiata var. decolorata (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 141 (1939)
= Cynorchis fastigiata var. diplorhyncha (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 141 (1939)
= Cynorchis fastigiata var. hygrophila (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 140 (1939)
= Cynorchis fastigiata var. laggiarae (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 141 (1939)
= Cynorchis fastigiata var. triphylla (Thouars) S.Moore; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 381 (1877)
= Cynorkis cordemoyi Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 229 (1895)
= Cynorkis fastigiata Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 332 (1835) [in syn.]
= Cynorkis isocynis Thouars; Hist. Orchid. pl. 13 (1822)
= Cynorkis obcordata (Willemet) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
= Cynorkis seychellarum Aver.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 68(11): 1566 (1983)
= Cynorkis triphylla Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 14 (1822)
= Cynorkis triphyllocynis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 14 (1822), orth. var.
= Cynosorchis decolorata Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 46 (1924)
= Cynosorchis diplorhyncha Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 325 (1918)
= Cynosorchis hygrophila Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 309 (1916)
= Cynosorchis laggiarae Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 15: 326 (1918)
= Cynosorchis laggiarae var. ecalcarata Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 15: 326 (1918)
= Gymnadenia fastigiata (Thouars) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 23 (1828)
= Gymnadenia triphylla (Thouars) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 24 (1828)
= Habenaria cynosorchidacea C.Schweinf.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 141: 18 (1936)
= Orchis fastigiata (Thouars) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 687 (1826)
= Orchis mauritiana Sieber ex Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 332 (1835)
= Orchis mauritiana Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 711 (1841), nom. inval.
= Orchis obcordata Willemet; Ann. Bot. [Usteri] 18: 52 (1796), nom. rej.
= Orchis triphylla (Thouars) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 687 (1826)
variant :
var. ambatensis
Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 289 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis fastigiata var. ambatensis H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 141 (1939)
species :
Cynorkis fimbriata
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 291 (147) (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis fimbriata H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 54 (1931)
= Lowiorchis fimbriata (H.Perrier) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 55(3): 315 (2004)
species :
Cynorkis flabellifera
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 144 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis flexuosa
Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 331 (1835)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Antananarivo, Mahajanga, Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gymnadenia lyallii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 712 (1841)
= Cynorkis fallax Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 308 (1916)
= Cynorkis flexuosa subsp. fallax (Schltr.) H.Perrier; (1931)
variant :
var. bifoliata
Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 308 (1916)
Distribution: Madagascar (Mahajanga)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis flexuosa var. ambongensis H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 5: 64 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis flexuosatis
(Thouars) Hermans; Lankesteriana 21(2): 105 (2021)
Distribution: +Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis brachycentra A.Rich. ex Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1(2): 484 (1898)
= Cynorkis nervilabris (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
= Cynorkis pleiadea (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
= Cynorkis trilinguis (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 403 (1915)
= Gymnadenia flexuosa (Thouars) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 25 (1828), nom. superfl.
= Habenaria flexuosa (Thouars) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 690 (1826)
= Habenaria thouarsii T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 87 (1892 publ. 1894), nom. nov.
= Hemiperis nervilabris Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 250 (1895)
= Hemiperis pleiadea Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 243 (1895)
= Hemiperis trilinguis Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 212 (1895)
= Peristylus flexuosus (Thouars) S.Moore; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 336 (1877)
= Satorkis flexuosatis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., Table 1, c. 2 & t. 7 (1822)
= Satyrium flexuosum Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 7 (1822), non Thunb.
species :
Cynorkis formosa
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 356 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis gabonensis
Summerh.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 143 (1938)
Distribution: W-Cameroon; Principe Isl.; São Tomé; Gabon
23 CMN GAB PRI SAO
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella gabonensis (Summerh.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis gibbosa
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 331 (1883)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina, Toliara)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis calanthoides Kraenzl.; Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 7: 260 (1882)
= Cynorkis calanthoides T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 96 (1892 publ. 1893)
= Cynorkis gibbosa f. aurea Hermans; Orchid Rev. 115: 255 (2007)
species :
Cynorkis gigas
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 50 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis grandiflora var. albata Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 332 (1883)
species :
Cynorkis glandulosa
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 123 (1886)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella glandulosa (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis globifera
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 146 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis globosa
Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 38: 145 (1906)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella globosa (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis graminea
(Thouars) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 51 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina); +Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Benthamia graminea (Thouars) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 24 (1924)
= Bicornella graminea (Thouars) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
= Bicornella longifolia Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 335 (1835)
= Bicornella parviflora Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 500 (1885)
= Bicornella similis Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 305 (1916)
= Cynosorchis longifolia (Lindl.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 59 (1924)
= Cynosorchis similis (Schltr.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 71 (1924)
= Habenaria graminea (Thouars) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 690 (1826)
= Peristylus gramineus (Thouars) S.Moore; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 336 (1877)
= Platanthera graminea (Thouars) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 292 (1835)
= Satorkis graminisatis Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 6 (1822)
= Satyrium gramineum Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 6 (1822)
species :
Cynorkis gymnochiloides
(Schltr.) H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 66 (1931), et Bull. Soc. Bot. France 83: 581 (1936 publ. 1937)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Habenaria gymnochiloides Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 313 (1916)
= Lemuranthe gymnochiloides (Schltr.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 85 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis hanningtonii
Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 261 (1897)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN 26 ANG MLW ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis johnsonii Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 261 (1897)
= Bicornella hanningtonii (Rolfe) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis henrici
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 52 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella henrici (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis hispidula
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 517 (1885)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis hispidula T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 91 (1892 publ. 1894)
species :
Cynorkis hologlossa
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 54 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Imerinorchis hologlossa (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
variant :
var. angustilabia
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 291 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis hologlossa var. angustilabia H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 70 (1931)
variant :
var. gneissicola
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9(3): 357 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis humbertii
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 350 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Mahajanga)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis humblotiana
Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 176 (1900)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella humblotiana (Kraenzl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis hyacinthina
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras violaceum Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 83 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis imbellis
(Frapp.in Cordem.) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 28 (2017)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: status and identity doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Arnottia imbellis (Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 398 (1915)
= Hemiperis imbellis Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 244
species :
Cynorkis inermis
(Thouars) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 28 (2017)
Distribution: Mauritius; ?La Réunion
29 MAU
Conservation Status: IUCN V
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphorkis dubia Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 5 (1822), nom. altern.
= Amphorkis inermis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 5 (1822)
= Amphorkis nilarmis Steudel; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 80 (1841)
= Arnottia inermis (Thouars) S.Moore; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 339 (1877)
= Cynorkis arnottioides Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 213 (1855)
= Cynorkis crispa (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915) (tentative synonym)
= Hemiperis crispa Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 241 (1895) (tentative synonym)
= Inermamphis dubia Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 5 (1822), nom. altern.
= Ophrys dubia Thouars; Hist. Orchid. Tabl. 1 (1822)
= Rodriguezia mascarenensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 719 (1826), nom. superfl.
species :
Cynorkis jackyi
Hermans & Sieder; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 8 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis jumelleana
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 56 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella jumellenana (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
variant :
var. gracillima
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 57 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis kassneriana
Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 51: 377 (1914)
subspecies :
subsp. kassneriana
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; South Africa (Northern Provinces); N-Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM ZIM 27 SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella kassneriana (Kraenzl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
= Cynorkis glandulosa L.Bolus; J. Bot. 66: 232 (1928) [non Ridl.]
= Cynorkis rupicola Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 490 (1915)
subspecies :
subsp. tenuior
Summerh.; Kew Bull. [8]: 129 (1953)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 UGA
species :
Cynorkis kiehnii
Hermans, Sieder & Prehsler; Kew Bull. 75(50): 1-3, Fig. 1 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis kirkii
Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 261 (1897)
Distribution: Pemba Isl.; Tanzania; Zanzibar; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella kirkii (Rolfe) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
= Cynorkis morlandii Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1910: 283 (1910)
= Cynorkis oblonga Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 333 (1899)
species :
Cynorkis laeta
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 57 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
variant :
var. angavoensis
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 288 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis laeta var. angavoensis H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 131 (1939)
species :
Cynorkis lagenifera
(H.Perrier) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 29 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: not in the Mascareignes fide Hermans & Cribb 2023
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras lageniferum H.Perrier; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 6: 254 (1955)
species :
Cynorkis lancilabia
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 58 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Imerinorchis lancilabia (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis latipetala
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 147 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis leandriana
(H.Perrier) Hervouet; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 44(9): 68 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis tryphioides var. leandriana (H.Perrier) Bosser; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 62 (1931)
= Benthamia leandriana H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 139 (1951)
species :
Cynorkis lemurica
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 37(1): 20 (2015)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis lentiginosa
Hermans, Andriant. & Sieder; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 11 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis lilacina
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 515 (1885)
subspecies :
subsp. lilacina
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa); +Comores (+Grande Comore); La Réunion
29 COM MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella lilacina (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
= Cynorkis boiviniana Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 483 (1898)
= Cynorkis calcaripotens (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 399 (1915)
= Cynosorchis lilacina (Ridl.) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 92 (1892 publ. 1894)
= Cynorkis lilacina var. boiviniana (Kraenzl.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 92 (1939)
= Hemiperis calcaripotens Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 252 (1895)
variant :
var. comorensis
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 288 (2007)
Distribution: Comores (Grande Comore)
29 COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis lilacina var. comorensis H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 92 (1939)
variant :
var. laxiflora
(Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 92 (1939)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis pulchra var. laxiflora Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 67 (1924)
variant :
var. pulchra
(Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 92 (1939)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella pulchra Schltr.; Orchideen [Schlechter] 73 (1914)
= Cynorkis pulchra (Schltr.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 311 (1916)
= Forsythmajoria pulchra (Schltr.) Kraenzl. ex Schltr.; Orchideen [Schlechter] 73 (1914)
variant :
var. tereticalcar
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 289 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis lilacina var. tereticalcar H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 92 (1939)
subspecies :
subsp. curvicalcar
(H.Perrier) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 92 (1939)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis andringitrana subsp. curvicalcar H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 5: 53 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis lindleyana
Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 155 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella gracilis Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 334 (1835)
= Cynorkis gracilis (Lindl.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 51 (1924), nom. illeg.
= Imerinorchis gracilis (Lindl.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis lowiana
Rchb.f.; Flora 71: 150 (1888), et Gard. Chron., Ser. 3, 3: 424 (1888)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa, Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis purpurascens Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 331 (1835) [non Thouars 1822]
= Lowiorchis lowiana (Rchb.f.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 55(3): 315 (2004)
species :
Cynorkis mammuthus
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 13 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis mangabensis
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 17 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis manompanensis
Hervouet, Pailler & V.Lavergne; Orchids (West Palm Beach) 93(11): 865 (2024)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis marianneae
Hermans; Kew Bull. 75(4): 2-8, Fig. 3; 4; 5C (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis marmorata
Hermans; Kew Bull. 75(4): 7-9, Fig. 6; 7 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis mauritiana
(A.Rich.) Pailler & Baider; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 46(16): 164 (2024)
Distribution: Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU REU
Remarks: valid species and not a synonym of C. inermis fide Pailler & Baider 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Arnottia mauritiana A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 30 (1828)
species :
Cynorkis marojejyensis
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 348 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis melinantha
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 60 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella melinantha (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis mellitula
Toill.-Gen. & Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 1: 103 (1961)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis mesophylla
Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 308 (1916)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras mesophyllum (Schltr.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 82 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis micrantha
(Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 488 (1915)
Distribution: Madagascar; La Réunion
29 MDG REU
Remarks: position within Cynorkis fide Pailler et al. 2024
Synonyms: hidden
= Benthamia micrantha (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Hermans & Hervouet; Fl. Mascar. 170(1): 118 (2023), nom. illeg.
= Benthamia gracilis J.M.H.Shaw; Orchids (West Palm Beach) 92(12): 895 (2023), nom. nov. superfl.
= Hemiperis micrantha Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 239 (1895)
species :
Cynorkis minuticalcar
Toill.-Gen. & Bosser; Naturaliste Malgache 13: 27 (1964)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis monadenia
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 8: 33 (1939)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Monadeniorchis monadenia (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(4): 179 (2006), nom. inval.
species :
Cynorkis murex
Hermans; Kew Bull. 75(4): 9-12, Fig. 8 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis muscicola
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 346 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis nutans
(Ridl.) H.Perrier; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 83: 582 (1936 publ. 1937)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina); La Réunion; Comores (Grande Comore)
29 COM MDG REU
Conservation Status: extremely rare in La Réunion
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis gaesiformis H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 146 (1951)
= Cynorkis galeata Rchb.f.; Flora 68: 536 (1885)
= Cynorkis nutans H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 71 (1931)
= Cynorkis nutans var. campenoni H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 5: 71 (1931), not effectively published.
= Cynorkis stenoglossa Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 63 (1893)
= Cynorkis stenoglossa var. pallens H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 72 (1931)
= Cynorkis stenoglossa var. pallens H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 293 (2007)
= Habenaria nutans Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 507 (1885)
= Imerinorchis galeata (Rchb.f.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
= Imerinorchis nutans (Ridl.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
= Imerinorchis stenoglossa (Kraenzl.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis ochroglossa
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 61 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella ochroglossa (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis ochyrae
Szlach. & Olszewski; Fl. Cameroun 34: 92 (1998)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella ochyrae (Szlach. & Olszewski) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis orchioides
Schltr.; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 152 (1913)
Distribution: Madagascar (Mahajanga)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lowiorchis orchioides (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 55(3): 315 (2004)
species :
Cynorkis papilio
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 343 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toamasina)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis papillosa
(Ridl.) Summerh.; Kew Bull. [6]: 461 (1951 publ. 1952)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella filiformis (Kraenzl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
= Bicornella hirtula (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 144 (2006)
= Cynorkis filiformis (Kraenzl.) H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 5: 48 (1931), not effectively published.
= Cynorkis hirtula H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 49 (1931)
= Habenaria filiformis (Kraenzl.) Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 504 (1885)
= Helorchis filiformis (Kraenzl.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 36 (1924)
= Peristylus filiformis Kraenzl.; Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 7: 258 (1882)
species :
Cynorkis paradoxa
(Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915) (Cynorkis)
Distribution: Madagascar; La Réunion
29 MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Acrostylia paradoxa Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 228
= Cynorkis ×madagascarica (Schltr.) Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 156 (2007)
= Hemiperis fissirostris Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 228 [in syn.]
= Microtheca madagascarica Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis parvula
Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella parvula (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
= Bicornella schmidtii Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 67 (1893)
species :
Cynorkis pelicanides
(Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 401 (1915)
Distribution: +La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: status and identity very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Hemiperis pelicanides Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 251
species :
Cynorkis perrierii
Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 310 (1916)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella perrieri (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis petiolata
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 148 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis peyrotii
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 353 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo); La Réunion
29 MDG REU
species :
Cynorkis pinguicularioides
H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 45 (1931), not effectively published, et ex Hermans, Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 292 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella pinguicularioides (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 145 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis pleistadenia
(Rchb.f.) Schltr.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 404 (1885)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis volkensii Kraenzl.; Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 151 (1895)
= Habenaria pleistadenia Rchb.f.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 404 (1885)
species :
Cynorkis prehsleri
Hermans & Sieder; Bot. Mag., n. s. 37(3): 381 (2020)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis pseudorolfei
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 145 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis purpurascens
Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 15 (1822)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Mahajanga); Comores; +Mauritius; La Réunion
29 COM MAU MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis praecox (Schltr.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 65 (1924)
= Cynorkis purpurascens var. praecox (Schltr.) Schltr.; Ann. Inst. Bot.-Géol. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 40 (1913)
= Cynorkis purpurocynis Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 15 (1822)
= Gymnadenia purpurascens (Thouars) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 27 (1828)
= Orchis purpurascens (Thouars) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 687 (1826)
species :
Cynorkis purpurea
(Thouars) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 482 (1898)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Habenaria purpurea Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 17 (1822)
= Habenorkis purpurabenis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 17 (1822), orth. var.
= Imerinorchis purpurea (Thouars) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
= Peristylus purpureus (Thouars) S.Moore; Fl. Mauritius [J.G.Baker] 335 (1877), nom. illeg.
species :
Cynorkis quinqueloba
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 292 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa, Toliara)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella quinqueloba (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
= Cynorkis quinqueloba H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 40 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis quinquepartita
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 292 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella quinquepartita (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
= Cynorkis quinquepartita H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 41 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis ridleyi
T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 92 (1892 publ. 1894)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa); Comores (Grande Comore)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphorkis lilacina Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 518 (1885)
= Amphorkis variegata var. digitata Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Amphorkis variegata var. polymorpha Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Bicornella ridleyi (T.Durand & Schinz) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
= Cynorkis heterochroma Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 307 (1916)
= Cynorkis moramangana Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 321 (1922)
= Cynorkis rhomboglossa Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 68 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis ringens
(Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 402 (1915)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: status and identity very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Hemiperis ringens Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 245 (1895)
species :
Cynorkis rolfei
Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11/12: 54 (1908)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella rolfei (Hochr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis rosellata
(Thouars) Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 19(2): 188 (1997)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina, Toliara); +Mauritius; La Réunion
29 MAU MDG REU
Conservation Status: IUCN Ex (La Réunion), Ex (Mauritius)
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis imerinensis (Ridl.) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 490 (1898)
= Gymnadenia rosellata (Thouars) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 25 (1828)
= Habenaria imerinensis Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 505 (1885)
= Habenaria mascarenensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 3: 690 (1826), nom. superfl.
= Habenaria rosellata (Thouars) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 406 (1915)
= Imerinorchis imerinensis (Ridl.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
= Satorkis rossatis Thouars; Hist. Orchid., t. 8 (1822), orth. var.
= Satyrium rosellatum Thouars; Hist. Orchid. t. 8 (1822)
species :
Cynorkis rotundifolia
(H.Perrier) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 30 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras rotundifolium H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 144 (1951)
species :
Cynorkis rungweensis
Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 491 (1915)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Burundi; Tanzania
23 BUR ZAI 25 TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella rungweensis (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis sacculata
Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 310 (1916)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella sacculata (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis sagittata
H.Perrier; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 14: 146 (1951)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis sambiranoensis
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 69 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Lowiorchis sambiranoensis (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 55(3): 315 (2004)
species :
Cynorkis sanguinolenta
Hermans, L.Gaut. & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 17 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis saxicola
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 70 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella saxicola (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis schlechteri
H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 195 (1931)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella schlechteri (H.Perrier) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis schmidtii
(Kraenzl.) Schltr.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 49 (19: 23 (1899)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Holothrix schmidtii Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 66 (1893)
species :
Cynorkis siederi
Hermans & Andriant.; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 18 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis sigmoidea
Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 490 (1898)
Distribution: Comores
29 COM
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella sigmoidea (Kraenzl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
= Herminium sigmoideum (Kraenzl.) K.Schum.; Just´s Bot. Jahresber. 26: I. 336 (1898)
species :
Cynorkis simplex
(Frapp. ex Cordem.) Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 28 (2017)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: status and identity very doubtful
Synonyms: hidden
= Arnottia simplex (Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 398 (1915)
= Hemiperis simplex Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] (1895) 248
species :
Cynorkis sororia
Schltr.; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 154 (1913)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella sororia (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 142 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis souegesii
Bosser & Veyret; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 10: 213 (1970)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis spatulata
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 292 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis spatulata H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 58 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis speciosa
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 122 (1886)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa, Toamasina)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis amabilis Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 40 (1924)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. amabilis (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 145 (1939)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. bella (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 145 (1939)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. moramangensis H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 64 (1931)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. moramangensis H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 291 (2007)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. oligadenia (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 145 (1939)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. oxypetala (Schltr.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 144 (1939)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. speciosa (Ridl.) H.Perrier; Fl. Madagasc., Orchid. 1: 144 (1939)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. tananarivensis H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 64 (1931)
= Cynorkis angustipetala var. tananarivensis H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 291 (2007)
= Cynorkis bella Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 42 (1924)
= Cynorkis oligadenia Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 62 (1924)
= Cynorkis oxypetala Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 63 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis squamosa
(Poir.) Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 332 (1835)
Distribution: Madagascar; La Réunion
29 MDG REU
Synonyms: hidden
= Amphorkis colorata Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 80 (1841)
= Amphorkis laxiflora Blume; Mus. Bot. 2: 190 (1856) (tentative synonym)
= Amphorkis reticulata Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 231 (1895)
= Amphorkis reticulata var. alba Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 232 (1895)
= Amphorkis reticulata var. appendiculata Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 232 (1895)
= Amphorkis reticulata var. exappendiculata Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 232 (1895)
= Amphorkis reticulata var. hastata Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Amphorkis reticulata var. rosea Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 232 (1895)
= Amphorkis squamosa (Poir.) Frapp. ex Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 231 (1895)
= Amphorkis variegata var. hastata Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Amphorkis variegata var. totilabris Cordem.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 234 (1895)
= Cynorkis laxiflora (Blume) T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 91 (1894) (tentative synonym)
= Cynorkis parviflora Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 3: 213 (1855) (tentative synonym)
= Cynorkis reticulata (Frapp. ex Cordem.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 402 (1915)
= Gymnadenia squamata (Poir.) A.Rich.; Mém. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 22 (1828)
= Orchis squamosa Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 4: 601 (1798)
species :
Cynorkis stolonifera
(Schltr.) Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 72 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella stolonifera Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 34(2): 304 (1916)
species :
Cynorkis subtilis
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 26(1): 56 (2004)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis summerhayesiana
Geerinck; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 52 (12): 141 (1982)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]
23 ZAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella summerhayesiana (Geerinck) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis sylvatica
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 352 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis symoensii
Geerinck & Tournay; Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 47 (3-4): 484 (1977)
Distribution: E-D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Tanzania; Malawi
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella symoensii (Geerinck & Tournay) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis syringescens
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 21 (2017)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis tamponensis
(Frapp.) Schltr.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 33(2): 402 (1915)
Distribution: La Réunion
29 REU
Remarks: status and identity very doubtful, insufficiently known
Synonyms: hidden
= Hemiperis purpurea Frapp.; Fl. Réunion [Cordemoy] 251 (1895)
species :
Cynorkis tenella
Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 22: 124 (1886)
Distribution: Madagascar (Fianarantsoa); Comores (Grande Comore)
29 COM MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella tenella (Ridl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis tenerrima
(Ridl.) Kraenzl.; Orchid. Gen. Sp. 1: 493 (1898)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella tenerrima (Kraenzl.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
= Habenaria tenerrima Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 21: 505 (1885)
species :
Cynorkis tenuicalcar
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 73 (1924)
subspecies :
subsp. tenuicalcar
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Imerinorchis tenuicalcar (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
subspecies :
subsp. andasibeensis
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 293 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis tenuicalcar subsp. andasibeensis H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 69 (1931)
subspecies :
subsp. onivensis
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 293 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis tenuicalcar subsp. onivensis H.Perrier; Arch. Bot. Bull. Mens. 69 (1931)
species :
Cynorkis tristis
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 349 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Mahajanga)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis tryphioides
Schltr.; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 155 (1913)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Mahajanga)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Bicornella tryphioides (Schltr.) Szlach. & Kras; Richardiana 6(3): 146 (2006)
species :
Cynorkis uliginosa
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 37(1): 20 (2015)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis uncata
(Rolfe) Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 53 (1902)
Distribution: SE-Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Platanthera uncata Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 205 (1898)
species :
Cynorkis uncinata
H.Perrier ex Hermans; Orchids Madagascar, ed. 2: 293 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis unguiculata
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Kew Bull. 72(3)-38: 30 (2017), nom. nov.
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Physoceras bellum Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 79 (1924)
species :
Cynorkis uniflora
Lindl.; Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 331 (1835)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antananarivo, Fianarantsoa)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis grandiflora Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 332 (1883)
= Cynorkis grandiflora T.Durand & Schinz; Consp. Fl. Afr. [Durand & Schinz] 5: 91 (1892 publ. 1894)
= Cynorkis grandiflora var. purpurea Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 332 (1883)
= Cynorkis uniflora (Lindl.) Rchb.f.; Otia Bot. Hamburg. 72 (1878)
= Gymnadenia uniflora Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 1: 712 (1841), nom. inval.
species :
Cynorkis usambarae
Rolfe; Fl. Trop. Afr. [Oliver et al.] 7: 260 (1897)
Distribution: NE-Tanzania
25 TAN
Conservation Status: IUCN R
Synonyms: hidden
= Habenaria usambarae Kraenzl.; Abh. Königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1894: 57 (1894)
= Holothrix usambarae Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 248 (1894)
species :
Cynorkis verrucosa
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 2, 9: 357 (1969)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toamasina)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis villosa
Rolfe ex Hook.f.; Bot. Mag. 128: t. 7845 (1902), et Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 88 (1906)
Distribution: Madagascar (Toliara)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis violacea
Schltr.; Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, Sér. 3, 1: 155 (1913)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana, Mahajanga)
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis volombato
Bosser; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 37(1): 20 (2015)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis windsorensis
Hervouet; Adansonia, Sér. 3, 44(9): 70 (2022)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Cynorkis zaratananae
Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 33: 75 (1924)
Distribution: Madagascar (Antsiranana)
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Cynorkis tsaratananae Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 33: 75 (1933), orth. var.
= Imerinorchis zaratananae (Schltr.) Szlach.; Orchidee (Hamburg) 56(1): 69 (2005)
species :
Cynorkis ×mirabile
Hermans & P.J.Cribb; Orchid Rev. 115 (1277): 252 (2007)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: Cynorkis gibbosa x C. lowiana
species :
Cynorkis ×ranaivosonii
Hermans; Orchids (West Palm Beach) 88(7): 547 (2019)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Remarks: Cynorkis speciosa x C. uniflora
