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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

012.0000 Family Gleicheniaceae (R.Br.) C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 70 (1825)
7 genera, ca. 145 spp.
Species listed in database: 156; hybrids: 5
= Dicranopteridaceae Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 3: 94 (1954), nom. inval.
= Dicranopteridaceae Ching ex Doweld; Tent. Syst. Pl. Vasc.: x (2001)
= Gleicheneae R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 160 (1810)
= Gleichenieae Gaudich.; H. L. C. de Saulces de Freycinet, Voy. Uranie, Bot.: 257 (1828)
= Gleicheniineae Bessey; Bot. High Schools: 376 (1880)
= Gleichenioideae R.Br.; R. Sweet, Hort. Brit.: 460 (1826)
= Stromatopteridaceae (Nakai) Bierh.; Phytomorphology 18(2): 263 (1968)
= Stromatopteridoideae Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 32 (1950)
012.0007 Genus Diplopterygium (Diels) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 47 (1950)
Distribution: SE-Asia, S-China, S-Japan to Queensland and Hawaii, 1 sp. tropical America
Species listed in database: 21
= Hicriopteris Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 277 (1940) (non C. Presl)
species :
Diplopterygium angustilobum (Holttum) Parris; Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 38(3), 93-119 (2012)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea: Mt. Tafa, on Asaro-Mairi Divide, Goroka Subdistr.)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia angustiloba Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: 263 (1957)
species :
Diplopterygium bancroftii (Hook.) A.R.Sm.; Amer. Fern J. 70(1): 26 (1980)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Guadeloupe; Martinique; Colombia (Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Putumayo, Quindío, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Barinas, Bolívar, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC 81 CUB GDL HIS JAM MAR 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris bancroftii (Hook.) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 252 (1907)
= Dicranopteris brunei Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 252 (1907)
= Dicranopteris grandis (Fée) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 60 (1950)
= Diplopterygium brunei (Christ) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 49 (1950)
= Diplopterygium farinosum var. vitellinum (Kunze) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo no. 29: 50 (1950)
= Gleichenia bancroftii Hook.; Sp. Fil. 1: 5, t. 4 A (1844)
= Gleichenia bancroftii var. gracilis Jenman; Bull. Bot. Dept. Jamaica 5: 276 (1898)
= Gleichenia brunei Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér, 2, 6: 13 (1905)
= Gleichenia grandis (Fée) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 378 (1862)
= Hicriopteris bancroftii (Hook.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 278 (1940)
= Mertensia bancroftii (Hook.) Kunze; Linnaea 18: 307 (1844)
= Mertensia bancroftii var. vitellina Kunze; Linnaea 18: 307 (1845 publ. 1844)
= Mertensia grandis Fée; Mém. Foug. 9 (Cat. Foug. Mex.): 31 (1857)
species :
Diplopterygium blotianum (C.Chr.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 49 (1950)
Distribution: China (S-Guangdong, S-Guangxi, Hainan, SE-Yunnan); Taiwan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur); ?Myanmar; NE-Thailand; peninsular Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Cameron Highlands, Pahang)
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 IND 41 CBD LAO THA VIE 42 MLY
Conservation Status: IUCN NT for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris blotiana (C.Chr.) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 8: 91 (1939)
= Gleichenia blotiana C.Chr.; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., sér. 2,6: 103 (1934)
= Hicriopteris blotiana (C.Chr.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 279 (1940)
= Hicriopteris tamdaoensis Ching & P.S.Chiu; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 347 (1959)
species :
Diplopterygium brevipinnulum (Holttum) Parris; Parris et al., Pl. Mt. Kinnbalu, 1. Ferns & Fern-Allies: 59 (1992)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan); Sulawesi
42 BOR SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia brevipinnula Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: 264 (1957)
species :
Diplopterygium bullatum (T.Moore) Parris; Parris et al., Pl. Mt. Kinabalu, 1. Ferns & Fern-Allies: 59 (1992)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak, Kalimantan, Mt. Kinabalu); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 BOR NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia bullata T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 374 c. diagn. (1862)
= Gleichenia volubilis Alderw.; Handb., Suppl. 83 (1917), p. p., non Jungh.
= Hicriopteris bullata (T.Moore) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 279 (1940)
species :
Diplopterygium cantonense (Ching) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 49 (1950)
Distribution: China (Guangdong, Hainan, S-Jiangxi)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris cantonensis (Ching) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 2 (1940)
= Gleichenia cantonensis Ching; Lingnan Sci. J. 15: 391 (1936)
= Hicriopteris cantonensis (Ching) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 279 (1940)
species :
Diplopterygium chinense (Rosenst.) De Vol; H. L. Li et al., Fl. Taiwan 1: 92 (1975)
Distribution: China (Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; N-Vietnam
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris chinensis (Rosenst.) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 8: 91 (1939)
= Gleichenia chinensis Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 18: 120 (1913)
= Hicriopteris chinensis (Rosenst.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 279 (1940)
species :
Diplopterygium clemensiae (Copel.) Parris; Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 38(3): 119 (2012)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea: Morobe, Milne Bay Distr.); Solomon Isl. (Guadalcanal, Makira)
42 NWG 43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia clemensiae (Copel.) Holttum; Fl. Males. Ser. 2, 1(1): 14 (1959)
= Gleichenia papuana Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: 266 (1957)
= Gleichenia papuana var. membranacea Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: 266 (1957)
= Hicriopteris clemensiae Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 217 (1942)
species :
Diplopterygium conversum (Alderw.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 49 (1950)
Distribution: Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Flores)
42 JAW LSI
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia conversa Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 20: 17 (1915)
species :
Diplopterygium deflexum (Holttum) Parris; Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 38(3): 119 (2012)
Distribution: New Guinea (d´Entrecasteaux Arch.: Normanby Isl., Fergusson Isl.)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia deflexa Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: addend. ad p. 280 (1957)
species :
Diplopterygium elmeri (Copel.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 49 (1950)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
Conservation Status: known only from type
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia elmeri Copel.; Elmer, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 799 (1910)
= Hicriopteris elmeri (Copel.) Copel.; Fern Fl. Philip. 1: 43 (1958)
species :
Diplopterygium giganteum (Wall. ex Hook.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 50 (1950)
Distribution: China (Hainan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar; ?Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Gunung Bintang on Kedah-Perak boundary)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA 42 MLY
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris gigantea (Wall. ex Hook.) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 249 (1907)
= Diplopterygium criticum (Ching & P.S.Chiu) Ching ex X.C.Zhang; Novon 14(1): 150 (2004)
= Diplopterygium maximum (Ching) Ching & H.S.Kung; Fl. Sichuanica 6: 134 (1988)
= Diplopterygium simulans (Ching) Ching ex X.C.Zhang; Novon 14(1): 150 (2004)
= Diplopterygium yunnanense (Ching) Ching ex X.C.Zhang; Novon 14(1): 150 (2004)
= Gleichenia gigantea Wall.; Numer. List no. 157 (1829), nomen
= Gleichenia gigantea Wall. ex Hook.; Sp. Fil.1. 5, t. 3 A (1844)
= Gleichenia volubilis var. peninsularis Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: 265 (1957)
= Hicriopteris critica Ching & P.S.Chiu; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 348 (1959)
= Hicriopteris gigantea (Wall. ex.Hook.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 279 (1940)
= Hicriopteris glaucoides Ching; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 349 (1959)
= Hicriopteris maxima Ching; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 348 (1959)
= Hicriopteris omeiensis Ching & P.S.Chiu; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 349 (1959)
= Hicriopteris reflexa Ching & P.S.Chiu; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 348 (1959)
= Hicriopteris simulans Ching; Ching & Chu H. Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 161 (1959)
= Hicriopteris yunnanensis Ching; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 350 (1959)
= Mertensia gigantea Wall. ex C.Presl; Tent. Pterid.: 51 (1836), nom. inval.
= Mesosorus giganteus (Wall. ex Hook.) Hassk.; Fil. Jav. 1: 2 (1856)
species :
Diplopterygium glaucum (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 51 (1950)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea; Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Society Isl. (Tahiti, Huahine)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI 61 SCI
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris glauca (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 691-693 (1927), isonym
= Dicranopteris glauca (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 249 (1907)
= Dicranopteris glauca var. concolor Nakai
= Diplopterygium glaucum var. concolor (Nakai) Nakai
= Gleichenia glauca (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Hook.; Sp. Fil. 1: 4, t. 3 B. (1844)
= Gleichenia japonica Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16. 4(1): 25 (1827)
= Hicriopteris glauca (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 279 (1940)
= Hicriopteris remota Ching; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 349 (1959)
= Mertensia glauca (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Nya Handl. 25: 177 (1804)
= Mesosorus glaucus (Thunb. ex Houtt.) Hassk.; Obs. 1: 15 (1856)
= Polypodium furcatum Roxb.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 493 (1844)
= Polypodium glaucum Thunb.; Fl. Jap. 338 (1784), et Linn. Syst. Veg. ed. 14: 938 (1784)
species :
Diplopterygium irregulare W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 22: 255 (2000)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Diplopterygium laevissimum (Christ) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 52 (1950)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan; Taiwan; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines (Luzon)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR TAI 41 VIE 42 MLY PHI
Remarks: not in India
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris laevissima (Christ) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 2 (1940), isonym
= Dicranopteris laevissima (Christ) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 691-693 (1927)
= Gleichenia kiusiana Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 18: 139 (1904)
= Gleichenia laevissima Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 11: 268 (1902)
= Hicriopteris laevissima (Christ) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 280 (1940)
= Mertensia laevissima (Christ) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 182 (1925)
species :
Diplopterygium longissimum (Blume) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 53 (1950)
Name: Giant Scrambling fern.
Distribution: Bangladesh; NE-Thailand; peninsular Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah); Sulawesi; Palawan; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Flores); Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl.; Australia (NE-Queensland); Fiji (Viti Levu)
40 BAN 41 THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL NWG PHI PLW SUL SUM 43 SOL 50 AUS 60 FIJ
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris longissima (Blume) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 3 (1940), isonym
= Dicranopteris longissima (Blume) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 691-693 (1927), isonym
= Dicranopteris longissima (Blume) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 249 (1907)
= Gleichenia excelsa J.Sm.; J. Bot. (Hooker) 3: 420 (1841)
= Gleichenia excelsa J.Sm. ex Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 1: 5, t. 413 (1844)
= Gleichenia glauca Alderw.; Handb. 58 et al. (1908) (p. p.)
= Gleichenia glauca var. longissima (Blume) Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 8: 95 (1919)
= Gleichenia longissima Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 250 (1828)
= Hicriopteris longissima (Blume) Ching; Sunyatsenia 6: 280 (1940)
= Mertensia excelsa J.Sm.; Lond. J. Bot. 2: 381 (1843)
= Mertensia longissima (Blume) Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 418 (1846)
= Mesosorus excelsus (J.Sm. ex Hook.) Hassk.; Obs. 1: 3 (1856)
= Mesosorus longissimus (Blume) Hassk.; Obs. 1: 3 (1856)
species :
Diplopterygium norrisii (Mett.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 54 (1950)
Distribution: C-Thailand; peninsular Thailand; Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia (Kedah, Penang, Perak, Pahang, Johor); Sumatra (Bencoolen); Borneo (Sabah)
41 CBD THA VIE 42 BOR MLY SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris norrisii (Mett.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 4 (1940)
= Gleichenia norrisii Mett.; Kuhn, Linnaea36: 165 (1869)
= Gleichenia norrisii var. floccigera C.Chr.
= Hicriopteris norrisii (Mett.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 280 (1940)
species :
Diplopterygium pinnatum (Kunze) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 54 (1950)
Distribution: Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Lanai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.)
63 HAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Gleichenia pinnata (Kunze) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 381 (1862)
= Hicriopteris pinnata (Kunze) Ching; Sunyatsenia 6: 280 (1940)
= Mertensia pinnata Kunze; Analecta Pteridogr.: 6 (1837)
species :
Diplopterygium rufum (Ching) Ching ex X.C.Zhang; Novon 14(1): 150 (2004)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplopterygium rufopilosum (Ching & P.S.Chiu) Ching ex X.C.Zhang; Novon 14(1): 150 (2004)
= Hicriopteris rufa Ching; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 347 (1959)
= Hicriopteris rufopilosa Ching & P.S.Chiu; Chien & Chun, Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 2: 348 (1959)
species :
Diplopterygium sordidum (Copel.) Parris; Malayan Nat. J. 50(4): 252 (1997)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (once collected at Fraser´s Hill, Pahang); Sumatra; Sulawesi; Philippines; Moluccas (Halmaheira, Bacan, Morotai); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea); Solomon Isl. (Guadalcanal, Kolombangara, Makira, Santa Ysabel)
42 MLY MOL NWG PHI SUL SUM 43 SOL
Synonyms: hidden
= Diplopterygium novoguineense (Brause) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 54 (1950)
= Gleichenia novoguineensis Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 56: 210 (1920)
= Gleichenia sordida Copel.; Elmer, Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 3: 798 (1910)
= Gleichenia sumatrana Holttum; Reinwardtia 4: 264 (1957)
= Hicriopteris astrotricha Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 75: 358 (1941)
= Hicriopteris novoguineensis (Brause) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 75: 358 (1941)
= Hicriopteris sordida (Copel.) Copel.; Fern Fl. Philip. 1: 44 (1958)
species :
Diplopterygium volubile (Jungh.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 29: 55 (1950)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo (Sabah); C-Sulawesi (one collection); Java
42 BOR JAW SUL SUM
Remarks: not in India
Synonyms: hidden
= Dicranopteris arachnoides (Hassk.) Underw.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 34: 249 (1907)
= Dicranopteris volubilis (Jungh.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 691-693 (1927)
= Gleichenia arachnoides (Hassk.) Mett.; Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 47 (1863) (non Cunn. (1844))
= Gleichenia glauca var. arachnoides (Hassk.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 320 (1905)
= Gleichenia volubilis Jungh.; Java 1: 592, 664 (1853)
= Hicriopteris arachnoides (Hassk.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 75: 358 (1941)
= Hicriopteris volubilis (Jungh.) Ching; Sunyatsenia 5: 280 (1940)
= Mertensia arachnoides Hassk.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 7: 322 (1855)
= Mesosorus arachnoides (Hassk.) Hassk.; Fil. Jav. 1: 6 (1856)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life