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098.0000 Family Araceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 23 (1789), nom. cons.
123 genera, ca. 4100 spp.
Species listed in database: 4610; hybrids: 19
= Arisaraceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 16 (1838)
= Caladiaceae Salisb.; Gen. Pl. [Salisbury] 5 (1866)
= Callaceae Rchb. ex Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 25, 66 (1830)
= Colocasiaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 541 (1895)
= Cryptocorynaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 32 (1858)
= Dracontiaceae Salisb.; Gen. Pl. [Salisbury] 7 (1866)
= Lasiaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 540 (1895)
= Lemnaceae Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 729 (1822), nom. cons.
= Monsteraceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 540 (1895)
= Orontiaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl. 24, 68 (1830)
= Pistiaceae Rich. ex C.Agardh; Aphor. Bot. 130 (1822)
= Philodendraceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 540 (1895)
= Pothaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 4: 16 (1838)
= Wolffiaceae Bubani; Fl. Pyren. [Bubani] 4: 22 (1902)
098.9455 Genus Eminium (Blume) Schott; Syn. Aroid. 16 (1856)
Distribution: E-Mediterranean eastward to Middle Asia (2)
Species listed in database: 8
= Helicophyllum Schott; Syn. Aroid. 1: 22 (1856), Gen. Aroid. 20, t. 28-30 (1856)
species :
Eminium alberti (Regel) Engl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.23F, Heft 73 (Arac.-Aroid. & Pistioid.): 131 (1920) ex B. Fedtsch.
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Baghlan)
32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Helicophyllum alberti Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 8: 683 (1884)
species :
Eminium intortum (Banks & Sol.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 741 (1891)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (W-Iran); Cyprus
34 CYP IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arum intortum Banks & Sol.; Nat. Hist. Aleppo, ed. 2, 2: 264 (1794)
= Eminium intortum f. olivieri (Schott) Engl.
= Helicophyllum intortum (Banks & Sol.) Eig; J. Bot. 75: 189 (1937)
= Helicophyllum olivieri Schott; Syn. Aroid. 22 (1856)
= Helicophyllum russelianum Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 118 (1860)
species :
Eminium jaegeri Bogner & P.C.Boyce; Willdenowia 38(1): 149 (2008)
Distribution: Iran
34 IRN
species :
Eminium koenenianum Lobin & Boyce; Willdenowia 20: 43, ff. 1-2 (1991)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Eminium lehmannii (Bunge) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 741 (1891)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran); Afghanistan (Herat)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Biarum lehmannii Bunge; Beitr. Fl. Russl. 327 (1852)
= Eminium ledebourii Schott; Syn. Aroid. 17 (1856)
= Helicophyllum crassifolium (Ledeb.) Engl.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 2: 597 (1879)
= Helicophyllum lehmannii (Bunge) Regel; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 549 (1881)
= Ischarum lehmannii (Bunge) Schott; Syn. Aroid. 7 (1856)
= Typhonium crassifolium Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 4: 10 (1852)
species :
Eminium rauwolffii (Blume) Schott; Aroideae 17 (1855)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Syria (NW-Syria); Iraq; Iran
34 IRN IRQ SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arum heterophyllum Aucher ex Blume; Rumphia 1: 121 (1836)
= Arum rauwolffii Blume; Rumphia 1: 122 (1836)
= Eminium heterophyllum (Blume) Schott; Syn. Aroid. 17 (1856)
= Eminium intortum subsp. heterophyllum (Blume) Riedl; Fl. Iraq 8: 199 (1985)
= Helicophyllum aucheri Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 113 (1860)
= Helicophyllum luph Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 118 (1860)
= Helicophyllum rauwolffii (Blume) Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 113 (1860)
variant :
var. kotschyi (Schott) Riedl; Aroideana 3(1): 23 (1980)
Distribution: Syria
34 SYR
Synonyms: hidden
= Eminium intortum subsp. kotschyi (Schott) Riedl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 73: 130 (1969)
= Eminium intortum var. kotschyi (Schott) Engl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.23F, Heft 73 (Arac.-Aroid. & Pistioid.): 130 (1920)
= Helicophyllum kotschyi Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 144 (1860)
= Helicophyllum rauwolffii var. kotschyi (Schott) Engl.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 2: 599 (1879)
species :
Eminium regelii Vved.; Fl. Uzbekist. 1: 380, 540 (1941)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB
species :
Eminium spiculatum (Blume) Schott; Aroideae 16 (1855)
Distribution: Egypt (NE-Egypt, NW-coastal Egypt); Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (C-Israel, coastal W-Israel, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania)
20 EGY 34 IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Arum crassipes Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 13: 9 (1854)
= Arum spiculatum Blume; Rumphia 1: 121 (1836)
= Dracunculus minor Blume; Rumphia 1: 125 (1837)
= Eminium spiculatum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 741 (1891)
= Eminium spiculatum subsp. negevense Koach & Feinbrun; Fl. Palaestina [Zohary & Feinbrun-Dothan] 4: 397 (1986)
= Eminium spiculatum var. albovirens Engl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.23F, Heft 73 (Arac.-Aroid. & Pistioid.): 130 (1920)
= Eminium spiculatum var. tigrinum (Engl.) Engl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler] IV.23F, Heft 73 (Arac.-Aroid. & Pistioid.): 130 (1920)
= Helicophyllum angustatum Schott; Syn. Aroid. 22 (1856)
= Helicophyllum crassipes (Boiss.) Schott; Aroideae 16 (1855)
= Helicophyllum crassipes f. tigrina Engl.; Monogr. Phan. [A.DC. & C.DC.] 2: 600 (1879)
= Helicophyllum dracunculus Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 115 (1860)
= Helicophyllum loftusii Schott; Oesterr. Bot. Wochenbl. 263 (1857)
= Helicophyllum spiculatum (Blume) Schott; Prodr. Syst. Aroid. 113 (1860)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life