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251.0000 Family Urticaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 400 (1789), nom. cons.
ca. 55 genera, ca. 2050 spp. Phylogeny: Wu et al. (2013)
Species listed in database: 2082; hybrids: 6
= Cecropiaceae C.C.Berg; Taxon 27: 39 (1978)
= Parietariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 261 (1820)
251.2121 Genus Forsskaolea L.; Opobalsamum 17 (1764)
Distribution: Canary Isl., Cape Verde Isl. (2), SE-Spain, N-, tropical and South Africa, Israel to W-India
Species listed in database: 7
= Caidbeja Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 82 (1775)
= Chamaedryfolia Dill. ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 625 (1891)
species :
Forsskaolea angustifolia Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 3: 31 (1783)
Name: Schmalblättrige Forsskaolea (DE); Ratonera picona (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma)
11 ger 21 CNY
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedryfolia angustifolia (Retz.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 625 (1891)
= Forsskaolea fruticosa Willd.; Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. [Willdenow] 950 (1809) (Forskohlea)
species :
Forsskaolea candida L.f.; Suppl. Pl. [Linnaeus f.] 245 (1782)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedryfolia candida (L.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 625 (1891)
= Forsskaolea candida var. virescens Wedd.
= Forsskaolea scabra Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 3: 31 (1783)
species :
Forsskaolea griersonii A.G.Mill. & J.A.Nyberg; Edinburgh J. Bot. 51(1): 44 (1994)
Distribution: S-Yemen
35 YEM
species :
Forsskaolea hereroensis Schinz; Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: App. III. 51 (1896)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (N-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
species :
Forsskaolea procridifolia Webb; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 1: 179 (1849)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Santa Luzia Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Sal Isl., Ilha de Maio, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava)
21 CVI
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedryfolia procridifolia (Webb) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 625 (1891)
variant :
var. microphylla J.A.Schmidt; Beitr. Fl. Cap Verd. Ins. 169 (1852)
Distribution: Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Sao Vicente Isl., Sal Isl., Fogo Isl.)
21 CVI
species :
Forsskaolea tenacissima L.; Opobalsamum 18 (1764)
Distribution: S-Spain; Morocco; Western Sahara; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, Great Southwestern Desert, SE-Egypt); Mauritania; Niger; N-Chad (Tibesti, Ennedi); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Madagascar; Comores; Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kabul, Laghman, Nangarhar); Israel (Rift Valley, Judean Desert, S-Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Nafud Desert, Hejaz, Midyan, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar, Mascat & Oman); Yemen (Aden Desert, coastal Hadhramaut, N-Inner Yemen, SW-Yemen, Tihama, W-Yemen); Pakistan (Sind, Baluchistan, N. W. Frontier Prov., Pakistani Punjab, Swat); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab)
12 SPA 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN WSA 22 MTN NGR 24 CHA DJI ERI ETH SUD 29 COM MDG 34 AFG IRN ISR JOR SIN 35 KUW OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Caidbeja adhaerens Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 82 (1775)
= Chamaedryfolia tenacissima (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 625 (1891)
= Forsskaolea cossoniana Webb; Otia Hispan., ed. 2: 49, t. 45 (1853) (Forskohlea)
= Forsskaolea latifolia Retz.; Observ. Bot. [Retzius] 3: 31 (1783) (Forskohlea), nom. illeg.
= Forsskaolea tenacissima var. cossoniana (Webb) Wedd.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 16(1): 235 (1869)
= Forsskaolea tenacissima var. erythraea A.Terracc.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 8: 119 (1894)
species :
Forsskaolea viridis Ehrenb. ex Webb; Niger Fl. [W.J.Hooker] 179 (1849)
Distribution: Egypt (SE-Egypt); Cape Verde Isl. (Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Samha Isl.; Soqotra; Kenya; N-Tanzania; SW-Angola; Namibia; Saudi Arabia (Hejaz); Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman (Dhofar); Yemen (Inner Hadhramaut, SW-Yemen, W-Yemen)
20 EGY 21 CVI 24 ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG 27 NAM 35 OMA QAT SAU UAE YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Forsskaolea eenii Rendle; J. Bot. 55: 203 (1917)
= Chamaedryfolia viridis (Ehrenb. ex Webb) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 625 (1891)
= Forsskaolea viridis var. ehrenbergii Solms ex Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop. [Schweinfurth] 187 (1867)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life