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Ver. 19.2
March 25th, 2024

456.0000 Family Rubiaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 196 (1789), nom. cons.
589 genera, ca. 14.200 spp. mostly tropics, comparably few temperate
Species listed in database: 14196; hybrids: 48
= Aparinaceae Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Portug. 2: 3, 38 (1813-1829)
= Asperulaceae Cham. ex Spenn.; Handb. Angew. Bot. 2: 493 (1835)
= Catesbaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 111 (1820)
= Cephalanthaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. Bruxelles 6: 86 (1820)
= Cinchonaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg.: 234 (1802)
= Coffeaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg.: 233 (1802)
= Coutareaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 168 (1820)
= Dialypetalanthaceae Rizzini & Occhioni; Lilloa 17: 253 (1948), nom. cons.
= Galiaceae Lindl.; Nat. Syst. Bot., ed. 2: 249 (1836)
= Gardeniaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl.: 29, 32 (1829)
= Guettardaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg.: 235 (1802)
= Hameliaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg.: 31 (1835)
= Hedyotidaceae Dumort.; Comment. Bot.: 57 (1822)
= Henriqueziaceae Bremek.; Acta Bot. Neerl. 6 (Meded. Bot. Mus. Herb. Rijksuniv. Utrecht 141): 371 (1957)
= Houstoniaceae Raf.; Good Book: 21 (1840)
= Hydrophylacaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 318 (1820)
= Lippayaceae Meisn.; Pl. Vasc. Gen.: Tab. Diagn. 156, Comm. 112 (1838)
= Lygodisodeaceae Bartl.; Ord. Nat. Pl.: 123, 207 (1830)
= Naucleaceae Wernham; New Phytol. 11: 225 (1912)
= Nonateliaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 420 (1820)
= Operculariaceae Juss. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl.: 207 (1818)
= Pagamaeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 447 (1820)
= Psychotriaceae F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg.: 49 (1830)
= Randiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 534 (1820)
= Sabiceaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 555 (1820)
= Spermacoceaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin: 256 (1820)
= Theligonaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl.: 15, 17 (1829), nom. cons.
456.2744 Genus Galium L.; Sp. Pl. 105 (1753)
Distribution: Cosmopolitan, but chiefly temp. regions. The genus remains polyphyletic and will need further split in the future. Sections Aparinoides, Depauperata, G. maximowiczii and G. paniculatum will be separate genera.
Species listed in database: 634; hybrids: 28
= Aparinanthus Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparine Guett.; Hist. Acad. Roy. Sci. Mém. Math. Phys. (Paris, 4to) 1750: 189 (1754)
= Aparinella Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 397 (1868)
= Aspera Moench; Meth.: 641 (1794)
= Bataprine Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 264 (1910)
= Chlorostemma Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 398 (1868)
= Eyselia Neck.; Elem. Bot. 1: 199 (1790), opus utique oppr.
= Relbunium (Endl.) Hook.f.; Benth. & Hook.f., Gen. Pl. 2: 149 (1873)
= Trichogalium Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon 16: 396 (1868)
species :
Galium abaujense Borbás; Abaui-Torna Vármegye Fl. 444 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. abaujense
Distribution: Slovakia; Hungary; C-Romania; Ukraine
11 HUN SLO 13 ROM 14 UKR
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium abaujense subsp. vertesense (Boros) Soó; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 83: 168 (1972)
= Galium mollugo var. vertesense Boros; Bot. Közlem. 35: 317 (1928)
= Galium pycnotrichum var. vertesense (Boros) Michalk.; Biologia (Bratislava) 48: 48 (1993)
subspecies :
subsp. polonicum (Blocki) Soó; Feddes Repert. 83(3). 168 (1972)
Distribution: SE-Poland; Lithuania; NW-Ukraine
11 POL 14 LIT UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aristatum var. polonicum (Blocki) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium carpaticum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 462 (1961)
= Galium ×polonicum Blocki; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 37: 189 (1887)
species :
Galium achurense Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 13: 25 (1950)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE
species :
Galium acrophyum Hochst. ex Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 69 (1911)
Distribution: ?Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania
24 ETH 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hochstetteri Pic.Serm.; Webbia 7: 339 (1950)
= Galium simense Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 344 (1848), nom. superfl.
= Galium simense var. hysophilum R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., III 25(5): 79 (1948)
= Galium simense var. keniense R.E.Fr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., III 25(5): 79 (1948)
species :
Galium acuminatum Ball; J. Bot. 11: 334 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Galium acutum Edgew.; Tr. L. S. 20: 61 (1846)
Distribution: ?China (?Sichuan, ?Yunnan); S-Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperifolium var. setosum Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 240 (1940)
= Galium floribundum Jacquem. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 208 (1881), nom. illeg., non Sm.
variant :
var. himalayense (Klotzsch & Garcke) R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 195 (1996)
Distribution: ?China (?Sichuan); Tibet; India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
36 TIB 40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium himalayense Klotzsch & Garcke; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar: 88 (1862)
species :
Galium adhaerens Boiss. & Balansa; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., ser. 2, 5: 106 (1856)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium aegeum (Stoj. & Kitanov) Ancev; Dokl. Bolg. Akad. Nauk, 28(11): 1535 (1975)
Distribution: Bulgaria; NE-Greece
13 BUL GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aegeum f. pubescens Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1535 (1975)
= Galium firmum subsp. aegeum Stoj. & Kitam.; God. Sofijsk. Univ. 42: 71 (1946)
species :
Galium aetnicum Biv.; Stirp. Rar. Sic. Descr. 4: 21 (1816)
Distribution: Sardinia; C- & S-Italy; Sicily
12 SAR 13 ITA SIC
Remarks: lucidum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aetnense C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul.: 60 (1819)
= Galium cinereum var. aetnense (C.Presl) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium lucidum var. aetnicum (Biv.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium trinacrium Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 238 (1818)
species :
Galium afropusillum Ehrend.; Sitz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat., Abt. 1, clxix. 414 (1960)
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
species :
Galium agrophilum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 49 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece; Turkey
13 GRC 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium avascense Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 80 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
species :
Galium aladaghense Parolly; Willdenowia 25(1): 244 (1995)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium albescens Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 462b (1847)
Distribution: Australia (Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium alboflorum S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 34 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium album Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8, no. 7 (1768)
subspecies :
subsp. album
Name: White bedstraw (EN), Weißes Wiesen-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Iceland [I]; England; Ireland [I]; Denmark; Norway [I]; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Siberia (W-Siberia); USA [I] (Connecticut [I])
10 DEN fin GRB ice ire nor swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA ROM SIC SLV SMA 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 30 SIB 75 usa
Remarks: mollugo agg. Assignment of the synonyms is tentative. The species was often combined with G. mollugo.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium album var. praticola (Heinr.Braun) Michalk.; Biologia (Bratislava) 48: 48 (1993)
= Galium beckhausianum G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 121 (2010)
= Galium dumetorum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 78 (1852)
= Galium elatum subsp. erectum Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: ? (1887)
= Galium elatum Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 76 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Galium elatum var. dumetorum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 147 (1902)
= Galium erectum Huds.; Fl. Angl., ed. 2: 68 (1778), nom. illeg.
= Galium gerardi var. hosmariense Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 335 (1924), nom. nud.
= Galium gerardi var. parviflorum Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12: 335 (1924)
= Galium lucidum var. guilhelmi Pau & Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 192 (1936)
= Galium mixtum Stranski; Sborn. Balg. Akad. Nauk., Klon Prir.-Mat. 6: 134 (1921)
= Galium mollugo f. brevifrons Borbás & Heinr.Braun; Heinr. Braun, 164 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. hypotrichum Heinr.Braun; 199 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. levicaule Heinr.Braun; 199 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. longifolium Kucowa; Pawl., 324, 311 (1967)
= Galium mollugo f. praeflorens Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo f. pubescens (Schrad.) Heinr.Braun; 132 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. sepivagum Heinr.Braun; 198 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. subpubescens Heinr.Braun; 162 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. talenceanum (Gand.) Heinr.Braun; 164 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. umbrosum Beckh.; Fl. Westfalen 509 (1893)
= Galium mollugo subsp. album (Mill.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 185 (2000)
= Galium mollugo subsp. dumetorum (Jord.) E.Baumann; 456 (1911)
= Galium mollugo subsp. elatum (Thuill.) Lange; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 313 (1868)
= Galium mollugo subsp. elatum (Thuill.) Syme; 218 (1865)
= Galium mollugo subsp. erectum Syme; Sm., Engl. Bot., ed. 3B 4: 217 (1865)
= Galium mollugo subsp. scabrum With. ex Hook.f.; 178 (1870)
= Galium mollugo subvar. brevifrons (Borbás & Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subvar. levicaule (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subvar. pubescens (Schrad.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subvar. subpubescens (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. angustifolium Leers; Fl. Herborn 53 (1775), nom. inval.
= Galium mollugo var. angustifolium Roth; 65 (1788), nom. inval., et 182 (1789)
= Galium mollugo var. angustifolium Wallr.; 55 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. bakeri Syme; 218 (1865)
= Galium mollugo var. boraeanum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 15 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. dumetorum (Jord.) Heinr.Braun; 199 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. dumetorum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 14 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum (Thuill.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum (Thuill.) Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 89 (1836), isonym
= Galium mollugo var. erectum (Wender.) Wirtg.; 92 (1841)
= Galium mollugo var. erectum Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1: 278 (1864)
= Galium mollugo var. glabratum Schltdl.; 103 (1823)
= Galium mollugo var. guilhelmii (Pau & Sennen) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1134 (1941)
= Galium mollugo var. hirtum Döll; 450 (1843)
= Galium mollugo var. hosmariense Pau ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 22: 294 (1931)
= Galium mollugo var. hypotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Leers; 53 (1775), nom. inval.
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Roth; 65 (1788), nom. inval., et 182 (1789)
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 55 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. mixtum (Stranski) Stoj. & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. 2: 1050 (1925)
= Galium mollugo var. nevadense Lange; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 313 (1868)
= Galium mollugo var. parviflorum (Pau) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 713 (1934)
= Galium mollugo var. praticola Heinr.Braun; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 42: 196 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. pubescens Schltdl.; 103 (1823)
= Galium mollugo var. scabrum Schrad.; 16 (1794)
= Galium mollugo var. sericeum Wirtg.; 92 (1841)
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 14 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum Jess.; 84 (1879)
= Galium patzkeanum G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins 1: 121 (2010), nom. nov.
= Galium sphenophyllum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 465 (1961)
= Galium sylvestre Scop.; Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 104 (1771)
subspecies :
subsp. amani Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 133(1-2): 109 (1979)
Distribution: European Turkey; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains)
13 TUE 34 LEB SYR TUR
subspecies :
subsp. prusense (K.Koch) Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Crimea; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey
13 BUL 14 KRY 33 GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium fagetorum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 466 (1961)
= Galium fasciculatum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 467 (1961)
= Galium juzepczukii Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 719 (1958)
= Galium mollugo var. anatolicum K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 31 (1846)
= Galium prusense K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 466 (1851)
= Galium zelenetzkii Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 470 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Krendl; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 114: 539 (1967)
Name: Behaartes Weißes Wiesen-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Sachsen-Anhalt); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Greece; Turkey
11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 13 ALB BIH GRC KOS NMA SLV SRB 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium album f. pubescens (Schrad.) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1535 (1975)
= Galium album var. petraeum (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 23: 381 (1977 publ. 1978), nom. illeg.
= Galium firmum var. euboeum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 712 (1901)
= Galium mollugo f. pycnotrichum Heinr.Braun; Österr. Bot. Z. 42: 132 (1892)
= Galium mollugo subsp. pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 117 (1949)
= Galium mollugo subvar. pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 213 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. petraeum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 283 (1866)
= Galium mollugo var. pubescens Schrad.; Spic. Fl. Germ.: 16 (1794)
= Galium pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) A.Kern.; A. Kern., 70 (1893)
= Galium pycnotrichum (Heinr.Braun) Borbás; Fl. Austro-Hung. 6: 70 (1893)
subspecies :
subsp. suberectum (Klokov) E.Michálk.; Biología, Bot. (Czechoslovakia) 48(1): 48 (1993)
Distribution: ?European Russia; Ukraine
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium suberectum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 463 (1961)
species :
Galium amatymbicum Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral.: 370 (1837)
Distribution: South Africa (E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium ambiguum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 55 (1900), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. ambiguum
Name: Yolla Bolly bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. siskiyouense (Ferris) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 17 (1968), nom. illeg.
Name: Siskiyou bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ambiguum var. siskiyouense Ferris; Contr. Dudley Herb. 4: 337 (1955), nom. inval.
species :
Galium amblyophyllum Schrenk ex Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 56 (1841)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 37 MON
species :
Galium amorginum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 712 (1901)
Distribution: Greece (Kiklades); Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: incurvum agg.
species :
Galium amurense Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 716 (1958)
Distribution: Siberia (Khabarovsk); Russian Far East (Amur, Chita, Primorye)
30 SIB 31 RFE
Remarks: often included in G. boreale
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale var. amurense (Pobed.) Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur.: 581 (1979)
species :
Galium andrewsii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 537 (1864 publ. 1865)
subspecies :
subsp. andrewsii
Name: Andrews´ bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. gatense (Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 12 (1968)
Name: Serpentine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium andrewsii var. gatense Dempster; Brittonia 10: 186 (1958)
subspecies :
subsp. intermedium Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 13 (1968)
Name: Phloxleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium andringitrense Homolle ex Puff; Pl. Syst. Evol. 140: 61 (1982)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Galium anfractum Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., ser. II. 3: 29 (1894)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
species :
Galium anguineum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 174: 200 (1991)
Distribution: NE-Iraq; C-Iran; W-Iran
34 IRN IRQ
species :
Galium angulosum A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 11: 74 (1876)
Distribution: Isla Guadalupe
79 GLP
species :
Galium angustifolium Nutt.; Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Am. 2: 22 (1841)
subspecies :
subsp. angustifolium
Name: Narrowleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. bernardinum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
= Galium angustifolium var. diffusum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
= Galium angustifolium var. siccatum (W.Wight) Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
= Galium siccatum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 54 (1900)
= Galium trichocarpum Nutt.; Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 22 (1841), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. borregoense Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 88 (1971)
Name: Borrego bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. foliosum (Hilend & J.T.Howell) Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 89 (1971)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. foliosum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 134 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. gabrielense (Munz & I.M.Johnst.) Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 90 (1971)
Name: San Antonio Canyon bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gabrielense Munz & I.M.Johnst.; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 51: 299 (1924)
= Galium siccatum var. anotinum Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif.: 962 (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. gracillimum Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 90 (1971)
Name: Slender bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. jacinticum Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 92 (1971)
Name: San Jacinto bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. nudicaule Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 94 (1971)
Name: Narrowleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. onycense (Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono 21(2): 94 (1971)
Name: Onyx Peak bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. onycense Dempster; Brittonia 10: 189 (1958)
species :
Galium angustissimum (Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Ehrend.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 56: 229 (1948)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mite var. angustissimum Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralb. 58, B: 295 (1938)
species :
Galium anisophyllon Vill.; Prosp. 20, Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 317 bis. (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. anisophyllon
Name: Ungleichblättriges Labkraut, Alpen-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine
11 AUT GER LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 UKR
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium alpestre Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 225 (1818)
= Galium anisophyllum var. hirtellum (Briq.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 219 (1914)
= Galium argenteum Rchb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium aureum subsp. umbellulatum (Velen.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 154 (1889)
= Galium bocconei All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur.: 6 (1773)
= Galium bocconei J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis].: 238 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Galium bocconei var. micranthum Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 249 (1828)
= Galium commune proles alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 35 (1903)
= Galium commune f. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 145 (1902)
= Galium commune subsp. anisophyllon (Vill.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 144 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. rubriflorum Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 144 (1902)
= Galium commune var. oxyphyllum (Wallr.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium decipiens var. pubescens Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium ehrendorferi Á.Löve & D.Löve; Bot. Not. 114: 42 (1961), nom. superfl.
= Galium glabrum var. anisophyllon (Vill.) Pohl; 139 (1809)
= Galium multicaule Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 33 (1853), nom. illeg.
= Galium multicaule var. eriophyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 55 (1822)
= Galium multicaule var. oxyphyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 55 (1822)
= Galium multicaule var. polyphyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 54 (1822)
= Galium pumilum subsp. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 58: 84 (1913)
= Galium pumilum subsp. anisophyllon (Vill.) Dostál; Kvetena CSR: 1379 (1949)
= Galium pumilum subsp. tenue (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 36 (1903)
= Galium pusillum subsp. tenue (Vill.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 141 (1894)
= Galium sylvestre f. bocconei (All.) Lindm.; 507 (1918)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. anisophyllon (Vill.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 141 (1894)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. bocconei (All.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 430 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. bocconei (All.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 101 (1834)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. puberulum Christ ex Gremli; 218 (1874)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. supinum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpestre (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Wimm. & Grab.; 126 (1827)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpestre Rhiner; 179 (1894), nom. inval.
= Galium sylvestre var. anisophyllon (Vill.) Prantl; 468 (1884)
= Galium sylvestre var. bocconei (All.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 43 (1824)
= Galium sylvestre var. bocconei Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvestre var. bocconii Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. pygmaeum Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 792 (1823)
= Galium tenue Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 20 (1779)
= Galium umbellatum var. oxyphyllum (Wallr.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
= Galium umbellulatum Velen.; Sitzungsber. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl. 1888(2): 37 (1889)
subspecies :
subsp. plebeium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Ehrend.; A. Strid & Kit Tan (eds.), Mount. Fl. Greece 2: 323 (1991)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium anisophyllon var. plebeium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 55 (1875)
= Galium plebeium Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., II 2: 116 (1856)
= Galium sylvestre var. plebeium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
species :
Galium ankaratrense Homolle ex Puff; Pl. Syst. Evol., 140(1): 67 (1982)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
species :
Galium antarcticum Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 303 (bis) (1846)
Distribution: Argentina (Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Aisén, Magallanes); Macquarie Isl.; Falkland Isl.; South Georgia Isl.
85 ARG CLE 91 FAL MAQ SGE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium debile Banks & Sol. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 303 (bis) (1846)
= Galium trifidum d´Urv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Par. 4: 612 (1826)
species :
Galium antitauricum Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 375 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium antuneziae Dempster; Madroño 35(1): 1 (1988)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium aparine L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Kleb-Labkraut, Kletten-Labkraut (DE); Stickywilly (EN); Raspilla cuajaleches (ES)
Distribution: Svalbard [I]; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; NW-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens; Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl.); Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; La Réunion [I]; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Negev Desert); Jordania (E-Jordania, S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); China [I]; South Korea [I]; Pakistan; Nepal; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, Uttarakhand); Australia [I] (South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming); Mexico [I]; Isla Guadalupe [I]; Guatemala [I]; Dominican Republic [I]; Haiti [I]; Colombia [I]; Venezuela [I]; Ecuador [I]; Peru [I]; Bolivia [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Arica y Parinacota [I], Tarapacá [I], Antofagasta [I], Atacama [I], Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Ñuble [I], Biobío [I], Araucanía [I], Los Rios [I], Los Lagos [I], Aisén [I], Magallanes [I]); Juan Fdz. Isl. [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR sva SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO BAL CIS COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA PEL PTL ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR SEL 23 bio 29 reu 30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 35 SAU 36 chi 38 kor 40 IND NEP PAK 50 aus 51 ctm nzl 70 ASK GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 glp mex 80 gua 81 his 82 clm ven 83 bol ecu per 85 arg cle jnf par
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine hispida Moench; Methodus: 640 (1794), nom. superfl.
= Aparine vulgaris Hill; Herb. Brit. 2: 149 (1770)
= Asperula aparine (L.) Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 1: 114 (1809), nom. superfl.
= Asperula aparine var. aparine (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 332 (1879), nom. inval. Galion aparinum (L.) St.-Lag., Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 113 (1880)
= Asterophyllum aparine (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; F. C. L. Spenner, Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)
= Crucianella purpurea Wulff ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 448 (1840)
= Galium aculeatissimum Kit. ex Kanitz; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 13: 548 (1863)
= Galium adhaerens Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 13 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium aparine f. hirsutum (Beckm.) Kucowa; Pawl., 323 (1967), nom. illeg.
= Galium aparine f. intermedium (Mérat) R.J.Moore; Canad. J. Bot. 53: 881 (1975)
= Galium aparine subsp. agreste P.D.Sell; Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 530 (2006)
= Galium aparine var. agreste P.D.Sell; Fl. Great Britain & Ireland 4: 530 (2006)
= Galium aparine var. fructibushispidis Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 6: 36 (1883)
= Galium aparine var. hirsutum Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 774 (1823)
= Galium aparine var. intermedium (Mérat) Bonnet; Petite Fl. Paris.: 191 (1883)
= Galium aparine var. marinum Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt.: 24 (1828)
= Galium aparine var. microphyllum Clos; Gay
= Galium aparine var. minor Hook.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 290 (1833)
= Galium aparine var. pseudoaparine (Griseb.) Speg.; Rev. Agron. Univ. Nac. La Plata 3: 526 (1897)
= Galium aparine var. subglabrum Peterm.; Fl. Lips. Excurs.: 122 (1838)
= Galium aparine var. thalassicum Beurl.; Bot. Not. 1854: 137 (1854)
= Galium aparine var. verum Wimm. & Grab.; 119 (1827), nom. inval.
= Galium asperum Honck.; Verz. Gew. Teutschl.: 423 (1782), nom. illeg.
= Galium australe Reiche; Fl. Chile 3: 149 (1900), nom. superfl.
= Galium borbonicum var. makianum Cordem.; Fl. Réunion: 518 (1895)
= Galium charoides Rusby; Phytologia 1: 80 (1934)
= Galium chilense Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 2: 302(bis) (1846)
= Galium chonosense Clos; Gay, Fl. Chil. 3: 189 (1848), nom. superfl.
= Galium hispidum Willd.; Enum. Pl.: 154 (1809)
= Galium horridum Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral.: 370 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Galium intermedium Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 3, 2: 255 (1831), nom. superfl.
= Galium lappaceum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 59 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium larecajense Wernham; J. Bot. 50: 244 (1912)
= Galium parviflorum Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 472 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Galium pseudoaparine Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wissensch. Göttingen 25 (1854)
= Galium segetum K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 33 (1843)
= Galium tenerrimum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 279 (1866)
= Galium uliginosum Thunb.; Fl. Jap.: 58 (1784), nom. illeg.
= Galium uncinatum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 484 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Rubia aparine (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 373 (1880)
species :
Galium aparinoides Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 30 (1775)
Distribution: Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen)
24 ERI ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA 35 SAU YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aparine var. hamatum (Hochst. ex A.Rich.) Hook.f.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 6: 11 (1861)
= Galium hamatum Hochst. ex A.Rich.; Tent. Fl. Abyss. 1: 345 (1847)
= Galium trachycaypum Clarke; Trav. 2: 260 (1812)
species :
Galium araucanum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 731 (1894)
Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium suffruticosum var. araucanum (Phil.) Reiche; Fl. Chile 3: 147 (1902)
species :
Galium arenarium Loisel.; Fl. Gall. 85 (1806)
Name: Sand-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; N-Spain (Cantabrian coast); SW-France
11 ger 12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hierosolymitanum Thore; Essai Chloris: 40 (1803), nom. illeg.
= Galium megalospermum var. hierosolymithanum Thore ex Lam. & DC.; Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 4: 249 (1805)
= Galium mollugo var. arenarium (Loisel.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg.: 56 (1827)
species :
Galium arequipicum Dempster; Allertonia 5: 318 (1990)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium aretioides Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 42 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium argense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 307 (1965)
Name: Argus bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium aristatum L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 152 (1762)
Name: Grannen-Labkraut (DE), Awned bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Austria; France; SW-France; Italy; Croatia; Belarus [I]; USA [I] (New York [I])
11 AUT GER SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA 14 blr 75 usa
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula papillosa A.Kern. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium aristatum f. brevifolium Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1911: 60 (1911)
= Galium aristatum var. scabriusculum W.D.J.Koch; 333 (1836)
= Galium aristatum var. transsilvanicum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium bericum Turra; Giorn. Italia Sci. Nat. 1: 119 (1765)
= Galium erectum var. transsilvanicum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium laevigatum var. aristatum (L.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 21 (1850)
= Galium linifolium Mill.; Gard. Dict. ed. 8.: no. 8 (1768)
= Galium mollugo var. aristatum (L.) Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 249 (1828)
= Galium stenophyllum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 283 (1866), pro syn.
= Galium sylvaticum Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 1: 219 (1809), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. aristatum (L.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 23 (1903)
= Galium transsilvanicum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 33 (1853)
species :
Galium arkansanum A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 80 (1883)
Name: Arkansas bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma)
74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium arkansanum var. pubiflorum E.B.Sm.; Brittonia 31(2): 281 (1979)
species :
Galium armenum Schanzer; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 82: 126 (1997)
Distribution: Armenia
33 ARM
species :
Galium ascendens Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 1: 390 (1825)
Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca, Meta)
82 CLM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium scabrum (Kunth) Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 39 (1857)
= Rubia scabra Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 340 (1818)
species :
Galium aschenbornii S.Schauer; Linnaea 20: 701 (1847)
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Antioquia, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Nariño); Ecuador
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON PAN 82 CLM 83 ECU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium flaccidum Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 39 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Galium fraseri Wernham; J. Bot. 50: 244 (1912)
= Galium galeottianum Walp.; Repert. 6: 17 (1846)
= Galium geminiflorum M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 11(1): 126 (1844), nom. illeg.
= Galium uropetalum Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. 2: 66 (1881)
= Relbunium aschenbornii (S.Schauer) Hemsl.; Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot. 2: 62 (1881)
= Rubia acuminata M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. ll(1): 127 (1844)
= Rubia debilis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 340 (1819), non Galium debile Desv. (1818)
species :
Galium asparagifolium Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 3(6): 91 (1859)
Distribution: SC- & N-Greece; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 GRC 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aureum subvar. asparagifolium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium aureum var. asparagifolium (Boiss. & Heldr.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 62 (1875)
species :
Galium asperifolium Wall.; Roxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 381 (1820)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Dir, Hazara, Kurram, Murree); Nepal; India (Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Manipur, Meghalaya, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand
36 CHI TIB 40 BAN IND NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperifolium var. obovatum Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan 190: 83 (1989)
= Galium lividum Jacquem. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 207 (1881), pro syn.
= Galium mollugo subsp. asperifolium (Wall.) Kitam.; Fauna Fl. Nepal Himalaya: 230 (1955)
= Galium parviflorum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 207 (1825)
= Galium pseudohirtiflorum H.Li; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 18(1): 117 (1980)
variant :
var. lasiocarpum W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 303-304 (1990)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. sikkimense (Gand.) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeits. 89: 241 (1940)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi); Sri Lanka; Myanmar
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cavaleriei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 438 (1912)
= Galium esquirolii H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 25: 48 (1915)
= Galium sikkimense Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 66: 307 (1919 publ. 1920)
variant :
var. verrucifructum Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 241 (1940)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Galium asperuloides Edgew.; Tr. L. S. 20: 61 (1846)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar); ?Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Dir, Kurram, Hazara); Nepal; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
34 AFG 40 IND NEP PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula consanguinea Klotzsch; B. Reise Pr. Waldem. 87, t. 74 (1862)
= Galium triflorum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 205 (1881), non Michx., 1803.
species :
Galium asprellum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 78 (1803)
Name: Rough bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium micranthum Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 103 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Galium pennsylvanicum Muhl. ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Mant. 3: 183 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Galium spinulosum Raf.; Précis Découv. Somiol.: 40 (1814), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium atherodes Spreng.; Syst. Nat. 4(2): 39 (1827)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari); Uruguay (Rivera); Argentina (Misiones, Santa Fe)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ericoides var. atherodes (Spreng.) Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 226 (1828)
= Galium filiforme Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2. 61 (1923)
= Relbunium atherodes (Spreng.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 107 (1889)
= Rubia uruguayensis Arechav.; Anal. Mus. Montevideo 6: 85 (1907)
species :
Galium atlanticum Ball; J. Bot. (London) 11: 334 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco; ?Algeria
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium murbeckii Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afr. Nord 12: 44 (1921)
= Galium pumilum subsp. atlanticum (Ball) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 99 (1924)
= Galium pumilum var. laxissimum Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 36 (1927)
= Galium pumilum var. mesatlanticum Maire; Bull. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 15: 36 (1927)
= Galium sylvestre var. atlanticum (Ball) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 485 (1878)
species :
Galium aucheri Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 40 (1843)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran, C-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Galium auratum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 469 (1961)
Distribution: Crimea
14 KRY
species :
Galium australe DC.; Prod. 4: 608 (1830)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium australe var. pilosohispidum Benth.; Fl. Austral. 3: 447 (1867)
= Galium squalidum Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 462b (1847)
species :
Galium austriacum Jacq.; Fl. Austr. 1: 51 (1773)
Name: Österreicher Labkraut
Distribution: Austria; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; ?Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT CZE HUN SLO 13 BIH CRO SLV
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium austriacum subsp. balatonense (Borbás) Ehrend. ex Soó; Feddes Repert. 83: 168 (1972)
= Galium austriacum var. balatonense Borbás; Exsicc. (Herb. Europ.) 1893: 7305 (1893)
= Galium decipiens var. glabrum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium decipiens var. hispidum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827)
= Galium sylvestre var. austriacum (Jacq.) Boenn.; Prodr. Fl. Monast. Westphal.: 43 (1824)
= Galium sylvestre var. austriacum (Jacq.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879), isonym
species :
Galium azerbayjanicum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 202 (1991)
Distribution: Azerbaijan; NW-Iran
33 AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium azuayicum Dempster; Allertonia 3: 242 (1982)
Distribution: Ecuador (type only)
83 ECU
species :
Galium babadaghense Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 94 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium baeticum (Rouy) Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
Distribution: Portugal; SW-Spain; Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula arundana Ball ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 334 (1879), nom. nud.
= Asperula baetica Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 38: 80 (1891)
= Asperula pendula Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 55 (1838)
= Asperula pendula var. glaberrima Emb. & Maire; Pl. Rif Nov.: 12 (1927)
= Asperula pendula var. scaberrima Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 78 (1928)
= Asperula pendula var. tubulifera Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 78 (1928)
species :
Galium baghlanense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Fl. Iranica 176: 203 (2005)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan)
34 AFG
species :
Galium baillonii D.Brândza; Analele Acad. Române, ser. 2, 2: 558 (1881)
Distribution: Romania (S-Carpathians)
13 ROM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium valantioides var. baillonii (D.Brândza) Pauca & Nyár.; Savul., Fl. Republ. Popul. Române 8: 578 (1961)
species :
Galium baldense Spreng.; Pugillus 1: 10 (1813)
Name: Monte-Baldo-Labkraut
Distribution: N-Italy (S-Alps)
13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pusillum var. baldense (Spreng.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
= Galium helveticum var. baldense (Spreng.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 153 (1889)
species :
Galium baldensiforme Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 1029 (1936)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, Qinghai, Sichuan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Galium balearicum Briq.; Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Genéve 11-12: 191 (1908)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium rubrum subsp. balearicum (Briq.) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 14 (1973)
= Galium rubrum var. balearicum (Briq.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 420 (1922)
species :
Galium basalticum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 256 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium baytopianum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 254 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium belizianum Ortega Oliv., Devesa & Rodr.Riaño; Bot. Helv. 114(1): 2 (2004)
Distribution: NW-Portugal
12 POR
species :
Galium bellatulum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 472 (1961)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
species :
Galium bermudense L.; Sp. Pl. 1: 105 (1753)
Name: Coastal bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia); Bermuda; Bahamas
75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 BAH BER
Synonyms: hidden
= Bataprine hispidula (Michx.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midland Nat. 1: 264 (1910)
= Galium carolinianum F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 429 (1817)
= Galium hispidulum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 79 (1803)
= Galium hispidum Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 104 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Galium peregrinum Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.; Prelim. Cat.: 24 (1888), nom. illeg.
= Galium rotundifolium var. bermudense (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
= Relbunium bermudense (L.) Britten; J. Bot. 47: 42 (1909)
= Rubia brownei Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 81 (1803), non R. Br.
= Rubia peregrina Walter; Fl. Carol.: 86 (1788), sensu auct., non L.
= Rubia rotundifolia Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 706 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Rubia techensis Raf.; Fl. Ludov.: 76 (1817)
= Rubia walteri DC.; Prodr. 4: 590 (1830)
species :
Galium bifolium S.Watson; Bot. King´s Exped. 134. t. 14 (1871)
Name: Twinleaf bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
species :
Galium bigeminum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wissensch. Göttingen 19: 160 (1874)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Espirito Santo); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Artigas, Canelones, Colonia, Durazno, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Salto, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium bigeminum (Griseb.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 106 (1889)
species :
Galium bingoelense Yild. & Kiliç; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 21(2): 8 (2015)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium binifolium N.A.Wakef.; Vict. Nat. 72: 69 (1955)
subspecies :
subsp. binifolium
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium umbrosum var. bifolium F.Muell.; Fragm. 9: 188 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. conforme I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 88 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, New South Wales, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium vagans Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 461b (1847)
species :
Galium blinii H.Lév.; Bull. Geogr. Bot. 1915. 25: 48 (1915)
Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bodinieri H.Lév.; Fl. Kouy. Tcheou, 366 (1914 publ. 1915)
= Galium quinatum H.Lév.; Bull. Acad. Géog. Bot. 25: 47 (1915) et Cat. Pl. Yunnan 245 (1915)
species :
Galium boissieranum (Steud.) Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
Distribution: S- & SC-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula asperrima var. glabrescens Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 1: 281 (1840)
= Asperula boissieri Steud. ex Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 737 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Asperula boissieriana Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 151 (1840)
= Asperula effusa Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 1: 280 (1840), nom. superfl.
= Asperula paniculata Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 56 (1838), nom. superfl.
species :
Galium bolanderi A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 350 (1868)
Name: Bolander´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium arcuatum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 395 (1897)
= Galium culbertsonii Greene; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 1: 80 (1906)
= Galium margaricoccum A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 13: 371 (1878)
= Galium pubens A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 350 (1868)
= Galium pubens var. scabridum A.Gray; Bot. California 1: 285 (1876)
= Galium subscabridum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 56 (1900)
species :
Galium boreale L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Nordisches Labkraut (DE), Northern bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; ?Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, W-Siberia, Chita); Russian Far East (Amur, Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Paktia / Khost); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; Japan (Hokkaido); Pakistan (Chitral, Drosh, Swat, Hazara, Murree, Gilgit, Deosai, Astor); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Zanskar); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming)
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 AFG IRN TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP NKO 40 IND PAK 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine borealis (L.) Hill; Herb. Brit. 2: 151 (1770)
= Galium auriense Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 310 (1868)
= Galium boreale nsubsp. intermedium (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. (Prague), 150(3-4): 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale f. hirtum Kucowa; Pawl., 324, 300 (1967)
= Galium boreale f. humidiusculum C.G.Westerl.; Bot. Not. 1906: 5 (1906)
= Galium boreale f. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
= Galium boreale f. kamtschaticum Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 141 (1859)
= Galium boreale f. latifolium Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 141 (1859), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale nothosubsp. intermedium (DC.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 150: 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale subsp. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 100 (1834)
= Galium boreale subsp. incurvatum (Urschler) Soják; Cas. Nar. Muz. (Prague), 148(2): 77 (1979 publ. 1980)
= Galium boreale subsp. linearifolium (Rydb.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Muz. (Prague), 150(3-4): 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale subsp. pseudorubioides (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 17(1-2): 125 (1971 publ. 1972)
= Galium boreale subsp. septentrionale (Roem. & Schult.) H.Hara; J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 378 (1956)
= Galium boreale subsp. ussuriense (Pobed.) Vorosch.; A. K. Skvortsov (ed.), Florist. issl. v razn. raionakh SSSR: 192 (1985)
= Galium boreale subf.hirtoscabrum C.G.Westerl.; Bot. Not. 1906: 5 (1906)
= Galium boreale var. angustifolium (Freyn) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 226 (1940)
= Galium boreale var. ciliatum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 340 (1939)
= Galium boreale var. diffusum (Schrad. ex Link) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 208 (1831)
= Galium boreale var. elatius Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 415 (1828)
= Galium boreale var. glabrum Q.H.Liu; Fl. Hubeiensis 3: 637 (2002), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale var. glabrum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg.: 465 (1825)
= Galium boreale var. glabrum St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 387 (1889)
= Galium boreale var. hirsutum Serg.; Trudy Biol. Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 65 (1936)
= Galium boreale var. hispidulum Spenn.; Fl. Friburg.: 465 (1825)
= Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830), isonym
= Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 5 (1814)
= Galium boreale var. intermedium DC.; Prodr. 4: 601 (1830)
= Galium boreale var. intermedium W.D.J.Koch; 332 (1836)
= Galium boreale var. kamtschaticum (Maxim.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 103 (1909)
= Galium boreale var. koreanum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 340 (1939)
= Galium boreale var. lanceolatum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 341 (1939)
= Galium boreale var. lancilimbum W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 302 (1990)
= Galium boreale var. latifolium Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 315 (1845), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale var. leiocarpum Meyen; Chloris Han.: 366 (1836)
= Galium boreale var. linearifolium R.Uechtr.; 137 (1876)
= Galium boreale var. linearifolium Rydb.; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 375 (1900)
= Galium boreale var. nudum Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 149 (1830)
= Galium boreale var. pseudorubioides Schur; Enum. Pl. Trans. 280 (1860)
= Galium boreale var. roseum N.Coleman; Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Pen. Michigan: 18 (1874)
= Galium boreale var. scabrum DC.; Prodr. 4: 601 (1830)
= Galium boreale var. septentrionale (Roem. & Schult.) Kliphuis; Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 76: 459 (1973), no basionym ref.
= Galium boreale var. vogesiacum (F.Gérard) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 10 (1903)
= Galium diffusum Schrad. ex Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 134 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Galium hyssopifolium Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl., ed. 2, 1(1): 71 (1800)
= Galium mesocarpon A.Kern.; Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 6: 67 (1893)
= Galium nervosum Lam.; Fl. Franç. 3: 378 (1779)
= Galium orbibracteatum Chaub.; J. F. B. de Saint-Amans, Fl. Agen.: 66 (1821)
= Galium rubioides var. angustifolium Freyn; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 45: 341 (1895)
= Galium rubioides var. hyssopifolium Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 125 (1805)
= Galium rubioides var. latifolium Freyn; Österr. Bot. Z. 45: 342 (1895)
= Galium rubioides Willd. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 411 (1844), nom. inval.
= Galium schilkense Popov; Fl. Centr. Sibir. 2: 685 (1959)
= Galium septentrionale Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 253 (1818)
= Galium septentrionale var. glabrum Urschler; Phyton (Horn) 6: 53 (1955)
= Galium septentrionale var. incurvatum Urschler; Phyton (Horn) 6: 52 (1955)
= Galium strictum Torr.; Cat. Pl. New York: 23 (1819)
= Galium trinerve Moench; Methodus: 486 (1794), nom. superfl.
= Galium trinervium Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 12 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium ussuriense Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 716 (1958)
= Galium utahense Eastw.; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 55 (1933)
= Galium vogesiacum F.Gérard; C. Magnier, Scrin. Fl. Select. 13: 323 (1894)
= Rubia borealis (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 374 (1880)
= Trichogalium boreale (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 396 (1868)
species :
Galium boreoaethiopicum Puff; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nation. Belg. 59(3-4): 411 (1989)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Galium bornmuelleri Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f., 20: 14 (1904)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium bourgaeanum Coss. ex Batt.; Contrib. Fl. Atlant. 42 (1919)
subspecies :
subsp. bourgaeanum
Distribution: W-Algeria
20 ALG
subspecies :
subsp. maroccanum (Ball) J.M.Monts.; Treb. Inst. Bot. Barcelona 11: 24 (1987)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bourgeanum var. maroccanum Ball; J. Bot. 11: 335 (1873)
species :
Galium boyacanum Dempster; Allertonia 2: 411 (1981)
Distribution: Colombia (Boyacá)
82 CLM
species :
Galium brachyphyllum Roem. & Schult.; Mant. 3: 180 (1827)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium alpestre Steven ex Fisch.; Cat. Jard. Gorenki, ed. 1812: 43 (1812), nom. nud.
= Galium brevifolium Steven; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 3: 253 (1812), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium bracteatum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 51 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria)
34 LEB SYR TUR
species :
Galium bredasdorpense Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 244 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium brenanii Ehrend. & Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 485 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Galium brevifolium Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 95 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. brevifolium
Name: Kurzblättriges Labkraut (DE); Short-leaved Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium album Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 1: 598 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Galium brevifolium var. chium (Boiss. & Orph.) Rech.f.; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 105: 578 (1943)
= Galium caudatum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 48 (1843)
= Galium caudatum var. chium Boiss. & Orph.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., II 6: 91 (1859)
subspecies :
subsp. insulare Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 260 (1979)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey
13 KRI 34 EAI TUR
species :
Galium breviramosum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 67 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: ?North Macedonia; Albania; Greece
13 ALB GRC
species :
Galium brockmannii Briq.; Ann. Cons. Jard. Bot. Genéve 10: 107 (1907)
Distribution: NE-Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brockmannii subsp. aterratzense Romo; Fl. Veg. Montsec (Pre-Pirineus Catalans): 231 (1989)
= Galium pusillum subsp. brockmannii (Briq.) O.Bolòs; Mem. Real Acad. Ci. Barcelona, III 38(1): 7 (1967)
= Galium pusillum var. salvadorii Pau ex Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 100 (1950)
species :
Galium broterianum Boiss. & Reut.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp. 15 (1842)
Distribution: Portugal; C- & W-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium broterianum var. ellipticifolium Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium broterianum var. glabrum Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium broterianum var. hirtum Merino; Fl. Galicia 3: 591 (1909)
= Galium broterianum var. microphyllum Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium broterianum var. ovale Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 12: 111 (1914)
= Galium rubioides Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 148 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Galium rubioides var. broterianum (Boiss. & Reut.) Samp.; Fl. Portugal, ed. 2: 543 (1947)
species :
Galium brunneum Munby; Fl. Alger. 16 (1889)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brunneum var. hirsutum Faure & Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 20: 184 (1929)
= Galium brunneum var. rhiphaeum Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 607 (1928)
= Galium clausonis Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 77 (1874)
species :
Galium bryoides Merr. & L.M.Perry; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 266 (1945)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium buchtienii Dempster; Allertonia 5: 301 (1990)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)
83 BOL PER
species :
Galium bullatum Lipsky; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 13: 300 (1894)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; ?NW-Iran; China (Xinjiang)
33 ARM AZE 36 CHI
species :
Galium bulliforme I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 86 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Galium bungei Steud.; Nom. ed. II. 1: 657 (1840)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); S-South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bungei var. miltorrhizum (Hance) K.S.Jeong & Pak; Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 47: 23 (2017)
= Galium fukuyamae Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 33: 621 (1943)
= Galium gracile Bunge; Enum. Pl. China Bor.: 35 (1833), nom. illeg., non C. Presl 1819
= Galium gracile f. angustifolium Loes.; B.B.C.-Bl. 27: 182 (1920)
= Galium gracile f. rotundifolium Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 81, f. 20 i (1915), nom. nud.
= Galium gracile var. miltorrhizum (Hance) Loes.; B. B. C.-Blume37: 182 (1920)
= Galium gracilens var. lutchuense (Nakai ex Kitag.) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66: 51 (1991)
= Galium gracilens var. rotundifolium (Hayata) Hatus.; Fl. Ryukyus: 580 (1971)
= Galium kiirunense Masam., Suzuki & Mori; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 24: 412 (1934)
= Galium lutchuense Nakai ex Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 618 (1934)
= Galium miltorrhizum Hance; J. Bot. 6: 114 (1868)
= Galium miltorrhizum var. lutchuense (Nakai ex Kitag.) H.Hara; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 199 (1950)
= Galium miltorrhizum var. molle Migo; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 56: 300 (1942)
= Galium musyaense Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 30: 38 (1940)
= Galium pogonanthum f. interpositum Kitag.; J. Geobot. 19(4): 91 (1971)
= Galium pogonanthum f. trichopetalum (Nakai) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
= Galium pogonanthum Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 393 (1878)
= Galium pogonanthum var. trichopetalum (Nakai) H.Hara; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 12: 199 (1950)
= Galium pogonanthum var. yakumontanum T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66: 52 (1991)
= Galium remotiflorum H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 58 (1908)
= Galium setuliflorum var. trichopetalum (Nakai) Makino; Ill. Fl. Nippon 111 (1940)
= Galium trachyspermum var. miltiorrhizum (Hance) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66(1): 51 (1991)
= Galium trachyspermum var. nudicarpum Honda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 53: 385 (1939)
= Galium trichopetalum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 27: 34 (1913)
variant :
var. hispidum (Matsuda) Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 222 (1940)
Distribution: China (Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gracile f. hispidum Matsuda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 26: 130 (1912)
= Galium martini H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 55: 58 (1908)
= Galium trachyspermum f. hispidum (Matsuda) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
= Galium trachyspermum var. hispidum (Matsuda) Kitag.; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 48: 617 (1934)
variant :
var. punduanoides Cufod.; Österr. Bot Zeitschr. 89: 222 (1940)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Jiangsu, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
variant :
var. setuliflorum (A.Gray) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 221 (1940)
Distribution: China (Shanxi, Jiangsu); South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Yakushima Isl.)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium koreanum (Nakai) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 25: 55 (1911)
= Galium pogonanthum f. nudiflorum (Makino) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
= Galium pogonanthum var. nudiflorum (Makino) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 386 (1937)
= Galium pogonanthum var. setuliflorum (A.Gray) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 386 (1937)
= Galium setuliflorum (A.Gray) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 75 (1903)
= Galium setuliflorum var. koreanum Nakai; Fl. Korea 1: 298 (1909)
= Galium setuliflorum var. nudiflorum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 75 (1903)
= Galium trachyspermum var. setuliflorum A.Gray; Bot. Jap. in Mem. Amer. Acad. New ser. 6: 393 (1859)
variant :
var. trachyspermum (A.Gray) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 221 (1940)
Distribution: China (Hebei, Shaanxi, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou); South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bungei var. hispidum Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 222 (1940)
= Galium gracilens (A.Gray) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 74 (1903)
= Galium trachyspermum A.Gray; Perry, Narr. Exped. China Japan 2: 313 (1857)
= Galium trachyspermum var. gracilens A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n.s., 6: 393 (1859)
= Galium venosum H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 438 (1912)
species :
Galium bungoniense I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 91 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)
50 AUS
species :
Galium buschiorum Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 78: 136 (1993)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
species :
Galium bussei K.Schum. & K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 571 (1907)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium stenophyllum var. flavoviride Utzschn. & Merxm.; Trans. Rhodesia Sci. Assoc. 43: 57 (1951)
variant :
var. glabrostrictius Brenan; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 457 (1954)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM
variant :
var. glabrum Brenan; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 456 (1954)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM
variant :
var. strictius Brenan; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 8: 457 (1954)
Distribution: Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
species :
Galium buxifolium Greene; Bull. Calif. Acad. II. 6: 150 et 400 (1886)
Name: Box bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California: St. Cruz Isl.)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium catalinense var. buxifolium (Greene) Dempster; Brittonia 10: 188 (1958)
species :
Galium cajamarcense Dempster; Madroño 35(1): 3 (1988)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium californicum Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beech. Voy. 349 (1839)
subspecies :
subsp. californicum
Name: California bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. flaccidum (Greene) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 31 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium californicum var. crebrifolium Nutt.; J. Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 20 (1841)
= Galium flaccidum Greene; Pittonia 1: 34 (1887)
= Galium occidentale McClatchie; Erythea 2: 124 (1894)
subspecies :
subsp. luciense Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 18: 107 (1965)
Name: Cone Peak bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. maritimum Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 31 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. miguelense (Greene) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 32 (1968)
Name: San Miguel Island bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium californicum var. miguelense (Greene) Dempster & Stebbins; Jeps., Man. Fl. Calif.: 961 (1925)
= Galium miguelense Greene; Pittonia 1: 34 (1887)
subspecies :
subsp. primum Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 30 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. sierrae Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 30 (1968)
Name: El Dorado bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium caminianum Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 186 (1827)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Sporades, Kiklades); Crete; Libya; East Aegaean Isl.; Cyprus (N-Cyprus, C-Mountains)
13 GRC KRI 20 LBY 34 CYP EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium micranthum d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 272 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium pauciflorum Kotschy; F. Unger & C. G. T. Kotschy, Ins. Cypern: 260 (1865), nom. illeg.
= Galium recurvum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 609 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium recurvum var. pauciflorum (Kotschy) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 68 (1875)
species :
Galium campanelliferum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 250 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium campylotrichum Nazim. & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 73 (1987)
Distribution: N-Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Galium canescens Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 336 (1819)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Risaralda, Santander); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Barinas, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Miranda, Monagas, Tachira, Trujillo, Zulia); Ecuador; Peru
82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium canescens f. alstonii Steyerm.; Acta Bot. Venezuel., 8 (1-4): 253 (1973)
= Galium trianae Wernham; J. Bot. 50: 24 (1912)
= Galium trichocarpon Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 1: 392 (1824)
species :
Galium cankiriense Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 96 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium canum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 602 (1830)
subspecies :
subsp. canum
Distribution: Egypt (N-Egypt); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (S-Jordania)
20 EGY 34 CYP ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium canum subsp. hilarionis H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 32 (1947)
= Galium canum var. confertum Post; Fl. Syria: 385 (1896)
= Galium canum var. laxum Post; Fl. Syria: 385 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. antalyense Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Z. 105: 257 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
subspecies :
subsp. ovatum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 105: 256 (1958)
Name: Graufilziges Labkraut (DE); Grey Woolly Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Karpathos, Rhodos)
13 KRI 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium autranii Post; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 5: 757 (1897)
= Galium incompletum Barbey; Stefani et al., Karpathos: 111 (1895)
= Galium lanuginosum Post; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 24: 432 (1888), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. ulukislaense Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 98 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium capense Thunb.; Prod. Pl. Cap. 30 (1794)
subspecies :
subsp. capense
Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capense var. expansum (Thunb.) Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 36 (1865)
= Galium capense var. minus Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 36 (1865)
= Galium expansum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 30 (1794)
= Galium mucronatum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 30 (1794), nom. superfl.
subspecies :
subsp. garipense (Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 236 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (North-West Prov., Gauteng, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capense var. garipense (Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44: 236 (1978)
= Galium capense var. wittbergense (Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44: 237 (1978)
= Galium garipense Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 37 (1865)
= Galium wittbergense Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 37 (1865)
subspecies :
subsp. namaquense (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 234 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capense var. scabrum Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 37 (1865)
= Galium namaquense Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral.: 369 (1837)
species :
Galium capitatum Bory & Chaub.; Bory, Expéd. Sci. Morée 3(2): 54 (1832)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); East Aegaean Isl.
13 GRC 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capitatum f. atrichum (Halácsy) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 468 (1930)
= Galium capitatum f. hemitrichum Greuter; Boissiera 13: 128 (1967)
= Galium capitatum var. atrichum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 725 (1901)
species :
Galium cappadocicum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 43 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium caprarium Natali; Candollea 53(2): 484 (1998)
Distribution: Italy (Capraia Isl.)
13 ITA
species :
Galium cariense Daskin & Bagcivan; Phytotaxa 308(2): 270 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium carmenicola Dempster; Madrono 23(1): 13 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila)
79 MEX
species :
Galium carterae Dempster; Brittonia 22: 184 (1970)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Galium caspicum Steven; Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 1: 276 (1829)
Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium cassium Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 10: 68 (1849) et Fl. 3: 76 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel)
34 ISR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cassium f. calvescens (Boiss.) Feinbrun; Fl. Palaestina 3: 249 (1978)
= Galium cassium var. calvescens Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 68 (1849)
species :
Galium catalinense A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Am. I. 2: Suppl. 445 (1886)
subspecies :
subsp. catalinense
Name: Santa Catalina Island bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. acrispum Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif Publ. Bot. 64: 11 (1973)
Name: Santa Clemente Island bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium ceratoamanianum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 99: 166 (1952)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium ceratocarpon Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 35 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium ceratophylloides Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 209 (1881)
Distribution: Pakistan (Murree); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Poonch)
40 IND PAK
species :
Galium ceratopodum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 45 (1843)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia, S-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, S-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Farah, Herat, Kandahar, Samangan); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Oman (Mascat & Oman)
32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ SIN 35 OMA SAU
species :
Galium cespitosum Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. Méth. Bot. 1: 262 (1792)
Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); SW-France
12 FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pumilum subsp. cespitosum (Lam.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 37 (1903)
= Galium pumilum var. cespitosum (Lam.) Lam. & DC.; Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 4: 260 (1805)
= Galium pusillum subsp. cespitosum (Lam.) Rouy & E.G.Camus; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 37 (1903)
species :
Galium chaetopodum Rech.f.; Ark. Bot. ser. 2, 1: 324 (1949)
Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel)
34 ISR
species :
Galium chekiangense Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 270 (2010)
Distribution: China (Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Galium chloroionanthum K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 30: 417 (1901)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Madagascar
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM 29 MDG
species :
Galium chloroleucum Fisch. & C.A.Mey.; Ind. Sem. Horti Petrop. 1: 27 (1835), et Linnaea 10: Litt. Ber. 89 (1836)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium ciliare Hook.f.; Hook. Lond. J. Bot. 6: 461 bis (1847)
subspecies :
subsp. ciliare
Distribution: Australia (Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gaudichaudii var. glabrescens Benth.; Fl. Austral. 3: 446 (1867)
= Galium umbrosum var. gaudichaudii-glabrescens Maiden & Betche; Census N. S. W. Pl.: 188 (1916), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. terminale I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 82 (map) (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium cilicicum Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 2, 5: 105 (1856) et Fl. 3: 58 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cilicicum var. alpinum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 58 (1875)
= Galium cilicicum var. procerior Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., II 5: 105 (1856)
= Galium cilicicum var. suffrutescens Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 58 (1875)
species :
Galium cinereum All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur.: 6 (1773)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca); France; Italy
12 BAL FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: often included as subspecies in G. lucidum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cinereum subvar. pallidum (C.Presl) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium cinereum var. pallidum (C.Presl) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 150 (1902)
= Galium cinereum var. pubescens DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., ed. 3, no. 3364 (1805)
= Galium lucidum subsp. cinereum (All.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 38 (1922)
= Galium mollugo subsp. cinereum (All.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5(55): 150 (1902)
= Galium mollugo var. cinereum (All.) Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 418 (1922)
= Galium mollugo var. pallidum (C.Presl) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 18 (1903)
= Galium pallescens C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul.: 60 (1819)
= Galium pallidum C.Presl; J. & C. Presl, Delic. Prag.: 121 (1822)
species :
Galium circae Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 70 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Galium circaezans Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 80 (1803)
Name: Licorice bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale Walter; Fl. Carol.: 85 (1788), sensu auct.
= Galium brachiatum Muhl.; Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept.: 15 (1813), nom. illeg.
= Galium circaeoides Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 256 (1818)
= Galium circaezans var. glabellum Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 303 (1894)
= Galium circaezans var. glabrum Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 32 (1894)
= Galium circaezans var. montanum Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 24 (1841)
= Galium rotundifolium var. circaezans (Michx.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
variant :
var. hypomalacum Fernald; Rhodora 39: 450 (1937)
Distribution: Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
species :
Galium citraceum Boiss.; Diagn., ser. I. 6: 69 (1846)
Distribution: Greece; Crete
13 GRC KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium melanantherum var. latifolia Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 69 (1846)
species :
Galium clementis Eastw.; Leafl. West. Bot. 1: 56 (1933)
Name: Santa Lucia bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium cliftonsmithii (Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 18: 107 (1965)
Name: Santa Barbara bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nuttallii var. cliftonsmithii Dempster; Brittonia 10: 183 (1958)
species :
Galium collomiae Howell; Leafl. West. Bot. 5: 150 (1949)
Name: Fossil Hill Creek bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona)
76 USA
species :
Galium coloradoense W.Wight; Zoe 5: 54 (1900)
Name: Colorado bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, Utah, Wyoming)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium multiflorum var. coloradoense (Wight) Cronquist; Cronquist et al., Intermountain Fl., Vasc. Pl. Intermountain West, U. S. A. 4: 530 (1984)
species :
Galium comberi Dempster; Allertonia 2: 272 (1980)
Distribution: Argentina (Neuquen)
85 ARG
species :
Galium cometerhizon Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pyr., Suppl. 154 (1818)
Distribution: NE-Spain (Pyrenees); Andorra; France; Corsica
12 ADO COR FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium megalospermum subsp. cometerhizon (Lapeyr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
= Galium suaveolens Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl.: 23 (1818), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium compactum Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 370 (1983)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium concatenatum Coss.; Not. Pl. Crit. 38 (1849)
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain (Cadiz, Malaga); Morocco
12 POR SPA 20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula pendula var. concatenata (Coss.) Pau; Mem. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 12(5): 336 (1924)
= Asperula pendula var. glabrescens Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 50 (1927 publ. 1928)
= Asperula pendula var. viridiflora Emb. & Maire; Mém. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc 17: 50 (1927 publ. 1928)
= Galium conglobatum Schousb. ex Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 486 (1878)
species :
Galium concinnum Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Am. 2: 23 (1841)
Name: Shining bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Arkansas, District of Columbia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Tennessee, Utah, Virginia, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium parviflorum Raf.; Med. Repos., ser. 2, 5: 360 (1808), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium confertum Royle ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 206 (1881)
Distribution: NW-India (Himachal Pradesh)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium confertum var. laceanum M.P.Nayar & Malick; Bull. Bot. Surv. India, 11 (3-4): 429 (1969 publ. 1972)
species :
Galium conforme Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 91 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Name: Ägäis-Labkraut (DE); Aegaean Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos)
13 GRC 34 EAI
species :
Galium consanguineum Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 6: 69 (1846)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (W-Iran); Lebanon; Syria; China (Xinjiang)
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium consanguineum subsp. majmechense (Bordz.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 71 (1992)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. kurdicum Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 28(2): 242 (1911)
= Galium subvelutinum var. kurdicum (Bornm.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 58B: 294 (1938)
= Galium karduchorum Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 28: 69 (1930)
= Galium kurdicum Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 43 (1921), nom. illeg.
= Galium majmechense Bordz.; Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 5-6: 21 (1927)
= Galium verum var. consanguineum (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 62 (1875)
species :
Galium coriaceum Bunge; Ledeb. Fl. Alt. 1: 136 (1829)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva)
30 SIB
species :
Galium corinthiacum Strid & Kit Tan; Phytol. Balcan. 25(2): 223 (2019)
Distribution: Greece (Korinthia)
13 GRC
species :
Galium cornigerum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss., Fl. 3: 67 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium coronadoense Dempster; Univ. Calif Publ. Bot. 64: 31 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium correllii Dempster; Sida 3: 249 (1968)
Name: Cliff bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Coahuila)
77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Galium corrudifolium Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 20 (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. corrudifolium
Distribution: Hungary; NE-Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Italy; San Marino; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
11 HUN 12 BAL COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH ITA KOS SMA SRB 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: often included as subspecies in G. lucidum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium abruptorum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 76 (1874)
= Galium adriaticum Ronniger; Verh. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien (1920), lxx, p. (59)
= Galium cinereum var. tenuifolium (All.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 595 (1830)
= Galium ericoides Arv.-Touv.; Ess. Pl. Dauph.: 32 (1871), nom. illeg.
= Galium foliosum Munby ex Burnat & Barbey; Voy. Bot. Baleares, 28 (1882)
= Galium fontanesianum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 75 (1874)
= Galium lucidum subsp. corrudifolium (Vill.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 38 (1922)
= Galium lucidum subsp. corrudifolium (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983), isonym
= Galium lucidum subvar. nitidum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. corrudifolium (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. tenuifolium (All.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium mollugo subsp. corrudifolium (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 18 (1903)
= Galium nitidum Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 659 (1840), nom. superfl.
= Galium simplex Arv.-Touv.; Ess. Pl. Dauph.: 31 (1871)
= Galium tenuifolium All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur.: 6 (1773)
subspecies :
subsp. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 78, 565 (1984)
Distribution: Portugal
12 POR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium corrudifolium var. falcatum Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 100 (1859)
= Galium erectum f. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Cout.; Fl. Portugal 2: 689 (1939)
= Galium lucidum var. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Socorro & S.Tarrega; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 42: 244 (1985)
= Galium rigidum var. falcatum (Willk. & Costa) Lange; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Pl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
species :
Galium corsicum Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ?(2): 39 (1827)
Distribution: Corsica; Sardinia
12 COR SAR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium campestre Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 248 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium corsicum var. pallescens Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 26 (1850)
= Galium corsicum var. soleirolii (Loisel.) Natali & Jeanm.; Rubiaceae: Compl. Prodr. Fl. Corse: 74 (2000)
= Galium mediterraneum DC.; Prodr. 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium nudiflorum Viv.; Fl. Cors. Prodr., App. 2: 3 (1830)
= Galium rubrum subsp. corsicum (Spreng.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 140 (1894)
= Galium rubrum subsp. corsicum (Spreng.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 25 (1903), isonym
= Galium rubrum subvar. pallescens (Gren.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 25 (1903)
= Galium rubrum subvar. rubriflorum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 25 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium rubrum var. corsicum (Spreng.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 143 (1915)
= Galium soleirolii Loisel.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 6: 399 (1827)
= Galium soleirolii var. mediterraneum (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 329 (1879)
species :
Galium corymbosum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Risaralda, Tolima); Venezuela (Apure, Merida, Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro, Potosí, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Argentina (Jujuy, Salta, Tucuman); Chile (Arica y Parinacota, Tarapacá, Antofagasta, Coquimbo)
82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apiculatum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 2: 332 (1817)
= Galium benthamianum Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 17 (1846)
= Galium ciliatum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Galium ciliatum var. weddellianum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898)
= Galium diffusum F.Dietr.; Nachtr. Vollst. Lex. Gärtn. 3: 431 (1817)
= Galium hirsutum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium involucratum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 335 (1819)
= Galium kunthii Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 38 (1858)
= Galium leucocarpum DC.; Prodr. 4: 612 (1830), nom. superfl.
= Galium monanthon Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Galium montanum Bartl. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 659 (1840), pro syn.
= Galium mucronatum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 60 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Galium sessiliflorum Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 173 (1827)
= Galium sessilifolium Willd. ex K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 117 (1888), pro syn.
= Galium tarmense Spreng.; Syst. Veg., 1: 387 (1824), nom. superfl.
= Relbunium alpicola K.Schum. & R.E.Fr.; Nov. Acta Soc. Sci. Ups. IV l(1): 101 (1905)
= Relbunium chloranthum K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 351 (1908)
= Relbunium ciliatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. 2: 62 (1881)
= Relbunium compactum Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3(3): 49 (1893)
= Relbunium corymbosum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 118 (1889)
= Relbunium croceum subsp. involucratum (Kunth) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 527 (1855)
= Relbunium hirsutum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 116 (1889)
= Relbunium involucratum (Kunth) Diels; Biblioth. Bot. 29: 154 (1937)
= Relbunium tarmense K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 351 (1908)
= Relbunium tuberculosum (Benth.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. (London) 22: 42 (1855)
= Rubia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl. ex Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 37 (1858)
= Rubia hirta Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 338 (1819)
= Rubia monantha DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia montana Steud.; Nom. Bot. cd. 2 1: 659 (1840)
= Rubia mucronata (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
= Rubia triflora Willd. ex K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 117 (1889)
= Rubia tuberculosa Benth.; Pl. Hartw. 195 (1843)
species :
Galium cossonianum Jafri; Fl. Libya 65: 23 (1979), nom. nov.
Distribution: Algeria; Tunisia; Libya
20 ALG LBY TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium petraeum Coss. ex Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 396 (1890), nom. illeg.
= Galium petraeum var. brevifolium Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl.: 42 (1919)
= Galium petraeum var. patulum Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl.: 42 (1919)
= Galium petraeum var. virgatum Batt.; Contr. Fl. Atl.: 42 (1919)
species :
Galium cotinoides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 227 (1828)
Distribution: Chile (O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble)
85 CLE
species :
Galium cracoviense Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 419 (1960)
Distribution: S-Poland (Olsztyn, near Krakow)
11 POL
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sylvestre var. microphyllum R.Uechtr.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 32: 206 (1874)
species :
Galium crassifolium W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 299-300, f. 1 (1990)
Distribution: China (Shanxi)
36 CHI
species :
Galium craticulatum R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 202 (1996)
Distribution: Bhutan
40 BHU
species :
Galium crespianum J.J.Rodr.; Anal. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 8: 55 (1879)
Distribution: Baleares (Mallorca, Dragonera)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium decolorans Bourg. ex Marès; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Baléares: 139 (1880), sensu auct.
= Galium firmum f. laevis Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 419 (1922)
species :
Galium cryptanthum Hemsl.; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. t. 1469 (1884)
Distribution: Pakistan (Dir); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium stewartii Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 63 (1989)
= Galium vernum Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 209 (1881), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium cuatrecasasii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 22: 113 (1940)
Distribution: Colombia (Cundinamarca)
82 CLM
species :
Galium curvihirtum Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 373 (1983)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium cuspidulatum Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 340 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Galium cyllenium Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 3(2): 117 (1856)
Distribution: S-Greece (Killini Oros)
13 GRC
species :
Galium czerepanovii Pobed.; Fl. URSS 23: 720 (1958)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia); NW-Iran
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN TUR
species :
Galium dahuricum Turcz. ex Ledeb.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 1: 312 (1845)
Distribution: Siberia (Buryatia, Chita, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Fujian, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu)
30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asprellum var. dahuricum (Turcz. ex Ledeb.) Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 262 (1873)
= Galium comari H.Lév. & Vaniot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 114 (1907)
= Galium dahuricum var. fructoglabrum Maxim.; Prim. Fl. Amur.: 140 (1859)
= Galium dahuricum var. leiocarpum Nakai; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 498 (1911)
= Galium niewerthii Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 393 (1877)
variant :
var. densiflorum (Cufod.) Ehrend.; Novon 20: 277 (2010)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Jiangxi, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pseudoasprellum var. densiflorum Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 237 (1940)
species :
Galium davisii Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 383, t. 6 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium debile Desv.; Obs. Pl. Angers 134 (1818)
Distribution: England; Portugal; Spain; ?Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Slovenia; Hungary; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Northern Caucasus; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); New Zealand [I]
10 GRB 11 HUN 12 CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 ALG MOR 33 NCS 34 EAI LEB SYR TUR 51 nzl
Remarks: palustre agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aragonesii Sennen; Diagn. Nouv. Pl. Espagne & Maroc 1928-35, 193 (1936)
= Galium congestum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 172 (1846)
= Galium constrictum Chaub.; St.-Amans, Voy. Bot. Landes: 208 (1818)
= Galium constrictum var. angustifolium Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 57 (1895)
= Galium constrictum var. congestum (Jord.) Bég.; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Ital. 3: 114 (1903)
= Galium constrictum var. congestum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium constrictum var. creticum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium constrictum var. debile (Desv.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 153 (1889), nom. superfl.
= Galium constrictum var. rhiphaeum Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 611 (1928)
= Galium creticum Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 66 (1849)
= Galium debile f. submersum Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse 3: 260 (1911)
= Galium debile f. terrestre Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse 3: 258 (1911)
= Galium debile var. congestum (Jord.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 40 (1850)
= Galium debile var. humile Lange; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 322 (1868)
= Galium elongatum subsp. debile (Desv.) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 398 (1890)
= Galium fruticosum Sieber ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 60 (1875), nom. inval.
= Galium junceum Heldr. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 60 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Galium krymense Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 713 (1958)
= Galium palustre Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 322 (1868), sensu auct.
= Galium palustre subsp. constrictum (Chaub.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie: 301 (1894)
= Galium palustre subsp. debile (Desv.) Berher; L. Louis, Départ. Vosges 2: 124 (1887)
= Galium palustre subsp. debile (Desv.) Bonnier & Layens; 142 (1894), isonym
= Galium palustre var. congestum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 44 (1903)
= Galium palustre var. constrictum (Chaub.) Duby; Prodr. [A. DC.] 4: 597 (1830)
= Galium palustre var. constrictum (Chaub.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 44 (1903), isonym
= Galium palustre var. debile (Desv.) Rchb.; XIX (1833)
= Galium palustre var. debile (Desv.) Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 89 (1836), nom. superfl.
= Galium palustre var. elatius Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 436 (1828)
= Galium palustre var. humile (Lange) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 44 (1903)
species :
Galium decorum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 133 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Galium decumbens (Ehrend.) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 207 (1991)
Distribution: C-Iran; N-Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. decumbens Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 370 (1958)
species :
Galium degenii Bald. ex Degen; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 45: 131 (1895)
Distribution: North Macedonia; S-Albania; Greece
13 ALB GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ossaeum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 717 (1901)
species :
Galium deistelii K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 160 (1909)
Distribution: Cameroon
23 CMN
species :
Galium delicatulum Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 65 (1849)
Distribution: N-Iran (Mt. Demavend)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. delicatulum (Boiss. & Hohen.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 371 (1958)
species :
Galium demissum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 1(3): 40 (1843)
subspecies :
subsp. demissum
Distribution: S-Bulgaria; NE-Greece; Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
13 BUL GRC 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pedunculatum Stoj. & Stef. ex Stef. & Jordanov; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 64: 513 (1931), nomen, Stoj. & Stef. in Magyar Bot. Lap. 32: 3, descr. (1933)
= Galium stojanovii subsp. pedunculatum (Stoj. & Stef.) Stoj. & Acht.; Izv. Carsk. Prir. Inst. Sofija 12: 186 (1939)
= Galium stojanovii var. abbreviatum Stoj.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 2 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. stojanovii (Degen) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 87 (1989)
Distribution: SW-Bulgaria (Pirin Pl.)
13 BUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium demissum f. intermedium (Stoj. & Acht.) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 87 (1989)
= Galium demissum f. stojanovii (Degen) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 87 (1989)
= Galium stojanovii Degen; Magyar Bot. Lapok 19: 48 (1920 publ. 1922)
= Galium stojanovii f. intermedium (Stoj. & Acht.) Ancev; Kozuharov & B. A. Kuzmanov (eds.), Evolyutsiya Tsvet. Rast. i Florogen. 1: 124 (1978)
= Galium stojanovii var. intermedium Stoj. & Acht.; Izv. Carsk. Prir. Inst. Sofija 12: 186 (1939)
species :
Galium dempsterae B.L.Turner; Madrono 30, 31 (1983)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
species :
Galium densiflorum Ledeb.; Fl. Altaic. 1: 137 (1829)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakuria); Russian Far East (Magadan); Kazakhstan
30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium densiflorum f. leiocarpum Printz; Veg. Siber.-Mongol. Front.: 403 (1921)
species :
Galium densum Hook.f.; Hooker´s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 6: 461b (1847)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium denticulatum Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 612 (1830)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Galium desereticum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 314 (1965)
Name: Desert bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
species :
Galium diabolense Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 28 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium dieckii Bornm.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 4: 267 (1907)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium diffusoramosum Dempster & Ehrend.; Allertonia 2(8): 409 (1981)
Distribution: Chile (Antofagasta, Atacama, Coquimbo, Maule)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium diffusum Clos; Gay
species :
Galium dincii Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 19(2): 46 (2012)
Distribution: Turkey (Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium diphyllum (K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 3: 227 (1982)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium diphyllum K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 117 (1889)
= Rubia diphylla (K.Schum.) K.Schum.; Nat. Pflanzenfam. IV(4): 3 (1891)
species :
Galium diploprion Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 66 (1849)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran, C-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 580 (1788)
Name: Lamarcks Labkraut (DE); Lamarck´s Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Belgium [I]; Switzerland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; Hawaii [I] (East Maui [I], Hawaii Isl. [I]); USA [I] (Alabama [I], Arkansas [I], California [I], Georgia [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Louisiana [I], Missouri [I], Mississippi [I], North Carolina [I], Oregon [I], Tennessee [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], West Virginia [I])
11 bgm HUN SLO swi 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI PTL ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 20 ALG MOR TUN 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB TUR 50 aus 51 nzl 63 haw 73 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa
Remarks: parisiense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparinella tenuicaulis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Galium anglicum subsp. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 142 (1894)
= Galium anglicum subsp. tenuicaule (Jord.) Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie: 303 (1894)
= Galium anglicum var. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) Trevir.; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1818: 3 (1818)
= Galium anglicum var. parvifolium (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 607 (1830)
= Galium aridicola Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 193 (1908)
= Galium divaricatum var. mungieri (Boiss. & Heldr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium divaricatum var. tenuicaule (Fourr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium gracile C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul.: 60 (1819)
= Galium mungieri Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Fl. Orient. 3: 72 (1875)
= Galium parisiense subsp. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 46 (1903)
= Galium parisiense subsp. parvifolium (Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 439 (1828)
= Galium parisiense var. australe Ewart & Jean White; Proc. Roy. Soc. Victoria 21: 549 (1909)
= Galium parisiense var. divaricatum (Pourr. ex Lam.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 284 (1835 publ. 1836)
= Galium parisiense var. tenuicaule (Fourr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 46 (1903)
= Galium parvifolium Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 246 (1818)
= Galium tenellum Clos; Gay, Fl. Chil. 3: 188 (1848), nom. superfl.
= Galium tenuicaule Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 81 (1852), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium domingense Iltis; Rhodora 59: 39 (1957)
Distribution: Cuba; Dominican Republic; Haiti
81 CUB HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brevipes Urb.; Symb. Antill. 7: 415 (1912) (non Fernald & Wiegand 1910)
species :
Galium dumosum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 44 (1843)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 EAI LEB TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium canum var. musciforme (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 66 (1875)
= Galium concinnum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 65 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Galium lycium Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 71 (1849)
= Galium musciforme Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 44 (1843)
species :
Galium duthiei R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 62 (2006)
Distribution: Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium duthiei var. glabriusculum R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 65 (2006)
species :
Galium echinocarpum Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Tokyo. 30: Art. 1, 147 (1911)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium ecuadoricum Dempster; Allertonia 2: 253 (1980)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Galium ehrenbergii Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 53 (1875)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Galium elbursense Bornm. & Gauba; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 49: 258 (1940)
Distribution: Iran (N-Iran)
34 IRN
species :
Galium elegans Wall.; Roxb. Fl. Ind., ed. Carey & Wall. 1: 382 (1820)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hunan, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; Pakistan (Chitral, Swat, Murree, Astor, Gilgit); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Bangladesh; N-Myanmar; Thailand; Borneo; Java
36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA 42 BOR JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hamiltonii Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 4 (2) cur. post.: 39 (1827)
= Galium javanicum var. leiocarpum Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 339 (1857)
= Galium latifolium Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 133 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Galium petiolatum E.T.Geddes; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1928: 246 (1928)
= Galium pseudoellipticum Lingelsh. & Borza; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 391 (1915)
= Galium requienianum Wight & Arn.; Prodr. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 443 (1834)
= Galium rotundifolium var. leiocarpum (Miq.) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 205 (1881)
variant :
var. glabriusculum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: China (Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans f. glabriusculum (Req. ex DC.) H.Hara ex H.Ohba; J. Jap. Bot. 66(5): 303 (1991)
variant :
var. nephrostigmaticum (Diels) W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 301 (1990)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nephrostigmaticum Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 279 (1912)
variant :
var. punduanum (Wall. ex Craib) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 230 (1940)
Distribution: Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Manipur, Meghalaya, Sikkim); Myanmar; Thailand
40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans f. vestitum (D.Don) H.Hara; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2: 201 (1979)
= Galium vestitum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 133 (1825)
= Galium punduanum Wall. ex Craib; Fl. Siam. 2: 233 (1934)
variant :
var. velutinum Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 230 (1940)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mairei H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 180 (1914)
species :
Galium elongatum C.Presl; Prodr. Fl. Sicul.: 59 (1819)
Name: Hohes Labkraut (DE); Raspilla larga (ES)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; NW-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Canary Isl. (Tenerife); Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran); Israel (Rift Valley)
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT ROM SIC SLV SRB 14 EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY 33 GEO 34 IRN ISR TUR
Remarks: palustre agg. Separated from G. palustre (2n: 24) on cytological basis (2n: 96)
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elongatum f. submersum Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgew. 3: 33 (1911)
= Galium maximum Moris; Stirp. Sard. Elench. 1: 55 (1827)
= Galium palustre f. elongatum (C.Presl) Borza; Consp. Fl. Rom. 2: 258 (1949), isonym
= Galium palustre f. elongatum (C.Presl) Lindm.; 507 (1918)
= Galium palustre subsp. elongatum (C.Presl) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 312 (1882), isonym
= Galium palustre subsp. elongatum (C.Presl) Lange; Oeder et al., Fl. Dan. 16: t. MMDCCLXV (1869)
= Galium palustre var. elatior Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 436 (1828)
= Galium palustre var. elongatum (C.Presl) Rchb.f.; Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 17: 95, t. 144 (1855)
= Galium palustre var. lanceolatum Uechtr.; Flora 5: 440 (1822)
= Galium palustre var. maximum T.Marsson; 220 (1869), non Heinr. Braun
species :
Galium emeryense Dempster & Ehrend.; Great Basin Nat. 37(4): 510 (1977 publ. 1978)
subspecies :
subsp. emeryense
Name: Emery County bedstraw
Distribution: USA (New Mexico, Utah)
76 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium coloradoense var. scabriusculum Dempster; Brittonia 11: 120 (1959)
= Galium hypotrichium subsp. scabriusculum Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 13 (1956)
= Galium nitidulum var. scabriusculum Heinr.Braun ex Oborný; Fl. Mähren 1: 737 (1885)
= Galium scabriusculum (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 312 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. protoscabriusculum (Dempster & Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Great Basin Nat. 37(4): 510 (1977 publ. 1978)
Name: Emery County bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Utah)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium scabriusculum subsp. protoscabriusculum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 312 (1965)
species :
Galium ephedroides Willk.; Linnaea 25: 30 (1852)
Distribution: SE-Spain (Almeria); Morocco; Algeria
12 SPA 20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ephedroides var. citrinum Maire & Wilczek; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 25: 303 (1934)
= Galium ephedroides var. oranense Hochr.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 7-8: 212 (1904)
= Galium ephedroides var. rupicola Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 395 (1890)
= Galium fruticosum subsp. ephedroides (Willk.) Pau & Font Quer; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1927: no. 606 (1928)
= Galium fruticosum var. citrinum (Maire & Wilczek) Emb. & Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1134 (1941)
= Galium fruticosum var. rupicola (Batt.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 712 (1934)
= Galium rupicola Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 74 (1874), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium equisetoides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11: 212 (1936)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, San Pedro); Uruguay; Argentina (Corrientes)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium equisetoides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 533 (1955)
= Rubia equiseoides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 232 (1828)
species :
Galium ericoides Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 583 (1786)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Canelones, Cerro Largo, Colonia, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano)
84 BRA 85 URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ericoides var. intermedium Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 226 (1828)
= Galium mycrosphyllum Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923)
= Relbunium ericoides (Lam.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 109 (1889)
species :
Galium eriocarpum Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brevifolium Phil.; Linnaea 33: 98 (1864), nom. illeg.
= Galium eriocarpum var. leiocarpum Kuntze; Rev. Gen. Pl. 3: 120 (1898)
= Galium philippii Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11 &12: 190 (1908)
species :
Galium eruptivum Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 104: 580 (2003)
Distribution: Austria; Hungary; Serbia; Romania
11 AUT HUN 13 ROM SRB
species :
Galium erythrorrhizon Boiss. & Reut.; Pugillus 51 (1852)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. Nevada, Sierra de Cazorla)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium debeauxii Degen & Hervier; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot. 15: 96 (1905)
= Galium erythrorrhizon f. umbrosum Pau; Carta Bot. 2: 6 (1905)
= Galium erythrorrhizon var. debeauxii (Degen & Hervier) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 435 (1929)
species :
Galium espiniacicum Dempster; Allertonia 5: 299 (1990)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais)
84 BRA
species :
Galium estebanii Sennen; Diag. Nouv. 289 (1936)
Distribution: N-, EC- & SE-Spain; Andorra; S-France (Corbiéres)
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium estebani var. leioclados (Pau) Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 28: 208 (2003)
= Galium pinetorum Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 410 (1960)
= Galium pumilum subsp. pinetorum (Ehrend.) Vigo; Arxius Secc. Ci. Inst. Estud. Catalans 37: 91 (1968)
= Galium sylvestre f. leioclados Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 9: 59 (1910)
= Galium sylvestre var. curvifolium Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 9: 59 (1910)
species :
Galium exaltatum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 46 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece; Crete; Ukraine; Crimea
13 GRC KRI 14 KRY UKR
species :
Galium exile Hook.f.; Fl. Br. Ind. 3: 207 (1881)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; N-India (Sikkim, Kumaon)
36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium handelii Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeits. 89: 234 (1940) (non Nábelek)
species :
Galium exstipulatum P.H.Davis; Kew Bull. 4: 102 (1949)
Distribution: Palestine
34 PAL
species :
Galium exsurgens Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 263, t. 3, f. D (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium extensum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 89 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
species :
Galium falconeri R.Bhattacharjee; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 30(3): 484 (2006)
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
species :
Galium fendleri A.Gray; Mem. Amer. Acad. Arts, n.s., 4(1): 60 (1849)
Name: Fendler´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Chihuahua, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
species :
Galium ferrugineum K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 349 (1908)
subspecies :
subsp. ferrugineum
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
subspecies :
subsp. jamesonii Dempster; Allertonia 2: 407 (1981)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Galium festivum Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 82: 309 (1978 publ. 1979)
Distribution: SW-France (C-Pyrenees)
12 FRA
species :
Galium filipes Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts. 809 (1917)
Distribution: USA (Utah, Nevada)
76 USA
species :
Galium firmum Tausch; Flora (Regensb.) 14: 122 (1831)
Distribution: Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania
13 ALB BIH CRO KOS NMA SLV SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apiculatum Spruner ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium aureum var. floribundum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium aureum var. oblongifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 61 (1875)
= Galium aureum var. scabrifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 61 (1875)
= Galium aureum Vis.; Orto Bot. Padov. (1842) 134, in not., Fl. Dalmat. 3: 6
= Galium corrudifolium K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 466 (1851), nom. illeg.
= Galium floribundum Bory & Chaub.; Nouv. Fl. Pélop.: 10 (1838), nom. superfl.
= Galium lucidum var. chrysococus K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 32 (1843)
= Galium oblongifolium Heldr. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879), nom. inval.
= Galium rupestre DC.; Prodr. 4: 603 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium spruneri Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 116 (1846)
species :
Galium fissurense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 249 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium fistulosum Sommier & Levier; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital., ser. II. 3: 31 (1894), et in Act. Hort. Petrop. 13: 195 (1894)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
species :
Galium flavescens Borbás; Akad. Közl. ll(7): 266 (1874), ex Kern., Sched. 3: 958 (1884)
Distribution: N-North Macedonia; C-Romania; Bulgaria; ?European Turkey
13 BUL NMA ROM
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asparagifolium A.Kern.; Österr. Bot. Z. 20: 327 (1870), nom. illeg.
= Galium flavescens var. brevifolium Ancev; Dokl. Bolg. Akad. Nauk., 28(11): 1535 (1975)
= Galium flavicans Borbás; Math. Term. Közlem. 1884: 6 (1884)
= Galium marisense Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv.: 281 (1886)
= Galium ochroleucum Kit. ex Schult.; Österr. Fl., ed. 2, 1: 305 (1814), nom. illeg.
= Galium scabridiforme Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 43 (1921)
species :
Galium flaviflorum (Trautv.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 72 (1992)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Azerbaijan
33 AZE NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollugo var. flaviflorum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 5: 439 (1878)
species :
Galium floribundum Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 94 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. floribundum
Name: Dichtblühendes Labkraut (DE); Denseflowering Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: European Turkey; Greece; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 GRC TUE 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium floribundum var. leiocarpum Bornm.; Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, n.f. 24: 65 (1908)
= Galium nebulosum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 49 (1843)
= Galium nigricans f. antrorsum Candargy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 456 (1897)
= Galium pseudointricatum Candargy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 44: 149 (1897)
subspecies :
subsp. airoides Hub.-Mor. ex Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37(2): 262 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium formosense Ohwi; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 55 (1934)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kwanzanense Ohwi; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 56 (1934)
species :
Galium forrestii Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5: 279 (1912)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium fosbergii Dempster; Madroño 35(1): 3 (1988)
Distribution: Ecuador
83 ECU
species :
Galium friedrichii N.Torres, L.Sáez, Mus & Rosselló; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 136(3): 316 (2001), nom. nov.
Distribution: Baleares (Ibiza, Formentera)
12 BAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium firmum f. balearicum Knoche; Fl. Baléar. 2: 421 (1922)
= Galium firmum subsp. balearicum (Knoche) Malag.; Las Subesp. y Variac. Geogr.: 13 (1973)
species :
Galium fruticosum Willd.; Sp. Pl. 1: 585 (1798)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dichotomum Lehm.; Index Seminum (HBG, Hamburgensis) 1823: 7 (1823)
= Galium junceum Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 91 (1806), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium fuegianum Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 302 (1844)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, La Pampa, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Aisén, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
species :
Galium fuscum M.Martens & Galeotti; Bull. Acad. Roy. Belg. ll(1): 126 (1844)
subspecies :
subsp. fuscum
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz)
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. altiplanicum Dempster; Univ. calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 18 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. guerrericum Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 18 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. hypadenium (Schauer) Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 16 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Queretaro, Veracruz)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypadenium Schauer; Linnaea 20: 700 (1847)
= Galium leucotrichum Hemsl.; Diag. Pl. Nov. 53 (1880)
species :
Galium galapagoense Wiggins; Madroho 20: 250 (1970)
Distribution: Galapagos
83 GAL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium reynoldsii Dempster; Allertonia 2: 255 (1990)
species :
Galium galiopsis (Hand.-Mazz.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 364 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula galiopsis Hand.-Mazz.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 27: 426, t. 17, f. 1, t. 18, f. 2 (1913)
species :
Galium gaudichaudii DC.; Prod. 4: 607 (1830)
subspecies :
subsp. gaudichaudii
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium axiflorum f. laxeramosum Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856)
= Galium axiflorum f. minor Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856)
= Galium axiflorum F.Muell. ex Miq.; Nederl. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1859)
= Galium umbrosum var. gaudichaudii (DC.) Maiden & Betche; Census N. S. W. Pl.: 188 (1916)
subspecies :
subsp. parviflorum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 98 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Tasmania, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium axiflorum f. procerum Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856)
species :
Galium geminiflorum Lowe; Trans. Camb. Phil. Soc. 6: reimpr. 19 (1838)
Distribution: Madeira (Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Islas Selvagens
21 MDR SEL
species :
Galium ghilanicum Stapf; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien Math.-Nat. Kl. 50: 53 (1886)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Turkey (SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (N-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Kunar / Nuristan, Takhar); China (Xinjiang); NE-Pakistan; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chitralensis Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 69 (1989)
= Galium parisiense var. brachypodum Boiss.; Fl. 3: 72 (1875)
= Galium transcaucasicum Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 52 (1885)
species :
Galium gilliesii Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 364 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. gilliesii
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, San Juan); Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lanatum Kuntze; Rev. Gen. Pl. 3: 120 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. telanthos (Phil.) Dempster; Allertonia 2: 278 (1980)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen); Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium telanthos Phil.; Anales Univ. Chil. 85: 733 (1894)
= Galium trichocarpum var. telanthos (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chil. 106: 982 (1900)
= Galium volckmannii Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 732 (1894)
species :
Galium glaberrimum Hemsl.; Diag. Pl. Nov. 3: 53 (1878)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 330 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. glabrescens
Name: Castle Lake bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium grayanum subsp. glabrescens Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 15 (1956)
subspecies :
subsp. harticum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 333 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Oregon)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. josephinense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 332 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Oregon)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. modocense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 333 (1965)
Name: Modoc bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium glabriusculum Ehrend.; Fl. China 19: 135 (2011), nom. nov.
Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium smithii Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 236 (1940), nom. illeg., not G. Don 1834
species :
Galium glaciale K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 159 (1909)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN UGA
variant :
var. satimmae Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 493 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Kenya
23 ZAI 25 KEN
species :
Galium glandulosum Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 1028 (1936)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet
36 CHI TIB
species :
Galium glaucophyllum Em.Schmid; Viert. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 78: 253 (1933)
Distribution: Sardinia
12 SAR
species :
Galium glaucum L.; Sp. Pl. 107 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. glaucum
Name: Blaugrünes Labkraut, Waxy bedstraw
Distribution: Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; ?Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Ukraine; Crimea; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], New Jersey [I])
11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LUX SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 KRY UKR 72 cdn 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula campanulata (Vill.) Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R. 18: 226 (1957)
= Asperula galioidea St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 13 (1880), et 8: 161 (1881)
= Asperula galioides var. glauca (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 332 (1879)
= Asperula galioides var. hirsuta Wallr.; Exsicc.: 60 (1822)
= Asperula galioides var. pyrenaica (Gaudin) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 54 (1903)
= Asperula galioides var. rigidior Rchb.; XIX (1833)
= Asperula galioides var. saxonica (Gaudin) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 55 (1903)
= Asperula galioides var. strictissima (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 332 (1879)
= Asperula galioides var. tenerior Rchb.; XIX (1833)
= Asperula glauca (L.) Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh.: 7 (1821)
= Asperula glauca f. coronata Kucowa; Pawl., 289. 288 (1967)
= Asperula glauca var. hirsuta (Wallr.) Simonk.; 279 (1887)
= Asperula strictissima Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 277 (1866)
= Asterophyllum galioides (M.Bieb.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn., Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)
= Galium alpinum Scheele; Linnaea 17: 341 (1844)
= Galium campanulatum var. hirsutum (Wallr.) Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 467 (1827)
= Galium campanulatum Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 19 (1779), nom. illeg.
= Galium glaucum subsp. hirsutum (Wallr.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9: 273 (1974)
= Galium glaucum var. grandiflorum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. hirsutum (Wallr.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 18: 176 (1973)
= Galium glaucum var. lugdunense Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. massiliense Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. pyrenaicum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. saxicola Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium glaucum var. saxonicum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 425 (1828)
= Galium grandiflorum Clairv.; Man. Herbor. Suisse: 41 (1811), nom. illeg.
= Galium halleri Suter; Helvet. Fl. 1: 88 (1802)
= Galium montanum L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2: 155 (1762)
= Galium montanum Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 1: 154 (1776), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. australe Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 79, 565 (1984)
Distribution: Portugal; NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium decumanum Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 82: 305 (1978 publ. 1979)
= Galium teres Merino; Fl. Galicia 2: 286 (1906)
subspecies :
subsp. murcicum (Boiss. & Reut.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 3: 569 (1995)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula galioides Bourg. ex Willk. & Lange; Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 312 (1868), nom. inval.
= Asperula glauca f. subpruinosa Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 432 (1929)
= Asperula glauca subsp. pruinosa Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 432 (1929), non (Boiss.) Cuatrec. [Misapplied]
= Asperula glauca var. murcica (Boiss. & Reut.) Pau; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 5(7): 40 (1926)
= Galium murcicum Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient., II 2: 114 (1856)
species :
Galium globuliferum Hub.-Mor. & Reese; Candollea 10: 153, t. 7 (1945)
Distribution: Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium gracilicaule Bacigalupo & Ehrend.; Darwiniana 18: 27 (1973)
Distribution: Argentina (Jujuy, Tucuman)
85 ARG
species :
Galium graecum L.; Mantissa 38 (1767)
subspecies :
subsp. graecum
Name: Griechisches Labkraut (DE); Greek Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia)
13 KRI 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia graeca (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 376 (1880)
= Galium junceum Schreb.; Nova Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. German. Nat. Cur. 3: 478 (1767)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudocanum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 105: 254 (1958)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
species :
Galium grande McClatchie; Erythea. 2: 124 (1894)
Name: San Gabriel bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pubens var. grande (McClatchie) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Calif.: 961 (1925)
species :
Galium grayanum Ehrend.; Contrib. Dudley Herb. 5: 15 (1956)
Name: Gray´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
variant :
var. nanum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 321 (1965)
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
species :
Galium guadalupense (Spreng.) L.Andersson; Scripta Bot. Belg. 1: 32, 116, 184 (1992)
Distribution: Nevis; St. Kitts; Guadeloupe; Dominica
81 DOM GDL STK
Synonyms: hidden
= Rubia guadalupensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 1: 397 (1824)
= Relbunium guadalupense (Spreng.) Urb.; Symb. Antill. 7: 416 (1912)
= Galium guadalupense (Spreng.) Govaerts; Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 98: 812 (2012), isonym
species :
Galium guanwuense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 6: 178 (2023)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium hainesii Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 303 (1977)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Galium hallii Munz & I.M.Johnst.; Bull. Torr. Bot. Cl. 49: 358 (1922 publ. 1923)
Name: Hall´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium hardhamiae Dempster; Madrono 16: 167 (1962)
Name: Hardham´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium hatschbachii Dempster; Allertonia 5: 303 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
species :
Galium haussknechtii Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 389 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq)
34 IRQ TUR
species :
Galium heldreichii Halácsy; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 47: 94 (1897)
Name: Heldreichs Labkraut (DE); Heldreich´s Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece; Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL GRC KRI NMA 34 EAI TUR
Remarks: mollugo agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium firmum var. citraceum Boiss. & Heldr. ex Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 713 (1901)
species :
Galium hellenicum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 73 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: ?Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Greece
13 BUL GRC KOS
species :
Galium hexanarium Knjaz.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 88(12): 86 (2003)
Distribution: E-European Russia
14 RUS
species :
Galium hierochuntinum Bornm.; Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 48: 596 (1898)
Distribution: Israel (Rift Valley)
34 ISR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hierochuntinum var. papillosum Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot., 25(12): 81 (1976)
species :
Galium hierosolymitanum L.; Fl. Palaest. 13 no. 73 (1756) et Amoen. Acad. 4: 451 (1759)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hierosolymitanum var. glabrum Post; Fl. Syria: 388 (1896)
= Galium hierosolymitanum var. hispidum Post; Fl. Syria: 388 (1896)
= Galium trachyanthum Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 50 (1843)
species :
Galium hilendiae Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 310 (1965)
subspecies :
subsp. hilendiae
Name: Hilend´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. carneum (Hilend & Howell) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 311 (1965)
Name: Panamint Mountains bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii var. carneum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 136 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. kingstonense (Dempster) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 311 (1965)
Name: Kingston Mountains bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii var. kingstonense Dempster; Brittonia 10: 190 (1958)
species :
Galium hintoniorum B.L.Turner; Phytologia 80(4): 285 (1996)
Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Galium hirtiflorum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: Nepal; NE-India (Sikkim, Uttarakhand)
40 IND NEP
Remarks: records for Pakistan and Kashmir refer to G. subtrinervium
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ciliatum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nep. 133 (1825), non Ruiz & Pav. (1798)
= Galium hirtiflorum var. hirsutum T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot. 66(1): 52 (1991)
species :
Galium hirtum Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 583 (1786)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Flores Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Soriano, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium geminum Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923)
= Galium reflexum Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 604 (1830)
= Relbunium hirtum (Lam.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 107 (1889)
= Relbunium hirtum f. minor K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 108 (1888)
= Relbunium malmei Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 396 (1931)
species :
Galium hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem. ex R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(1): 95 (1996)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost); China (Heilongjiang, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Pakistan (Swat, Hazara, Waziristan, Dir, Pakistani Punjab, Rawalpindi); Nepal; Bhutan; Bhutan; N-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); N-Myanmar
34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula hoffmeisteri Klotzsch; Bot. Ergebn. Reise Waldemar: 87 (1862)
= Galium asperuloides subsp. hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) H.Hara; Enum. Fl. Pl. Nepal 2: 201 (1979)
= Galium asperuloides var. hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1027 (1936)
= Galium asperulopsis H.J.P.Winkl.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 12: 492 (1922)
= Galium japonicum f. stenophyllum Kitag.; J. Geobot. 19(4): 92 (1971)
= Galium trifloriforme var. nipponicum (Makino) Nakai ex Mori; Enum. Pl. Corea 324 (1922)
= Galium triflorum var. hoffmeisteri (Klotzsch) Hook.f.; Fl. Br. Ind. 3: 205 (1881)
species :
Galium hohuanshanense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 3: 104 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium huancavelicum Dempster; Allertonia 2: 400 (1981)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium huber-morathii Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 253 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium humifusum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 1: 104 (1808)
Name: Spreading bedstraw
Distribution: Hungary [I]; Romania; Bulgaria; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (widespread); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Faryab, Jawzjan / Sar-e-Pol, Kabul, Paktia / Khost, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (E-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria); Israel (Rift Valley); Jordania (S-Jordania); China (Xinjiang); Mongolia; Pakistan (Quetta); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (Washington State [I])
11 hun 13 BUL ROM 14 BLR KRY LIT RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 40 PAK 51 nzl 73 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula besseriana Klokov; Kotov, Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 456 (1961)
= Asperula cincinnata Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 456 (1961)
= Asperula conferta (K.Koch) Stankov; Stankov & Taliev, Syst. Classif. Vasc. Pl. Eur. Russ. 579 (1949), nom. illeg.
= Asperula debilis Ledeb.; Weinm., Bot. Gart. Dorpat, Suppl.: 2 (1824)
= Asperula dissitiflora Post; J. Linn, Soc. 24: 432 (1888)
= Asperula ghautensis Post; Pl. Post. 3: 10 (1892)
= Asperula humifusa (M.Bieb.) Besser; Cat. Jard. Bot. Krzemieniec, Suppl. 3: 4 (1811)
= Asperula humifusa f. glaberrima Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923)
= Asperula humifusa f. hirsuta Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923)
= Asperula humifusa var. aspera Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 8 (1867)
= Asperula humifusa var. conferta K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 32 (1843)
= Asperula humifusa var. debilis (Ledeb.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 332 (1879)
= Asperula humifusa var. debilis (Ledeb.) Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 8 (1867)
= Asperula humifusa var. diffusa K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 32 (1843)
= Asperula humifusa var. pycnantha (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 45 (1875)
= Asperula humifusa var. trichantha Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 8 (1867)
= Asperula insuavis Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 708 (1958)
= Asperula pycnantha Boiss.; Diagn., ser. I. 10: 64 (1849)
= Asperula pycnantha var. lasiocarpa Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 64 (1849)
= Asperula turkestanica Nevski; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S. S. S. R., ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 275 (1937), nom. prov.
= Galium apricum Sieber ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 657 (1840)
= Galium cincinnatum (Klokov) Ostapko; Konspekt Fl. Yugo-Vost. Ukrainy 130 (1985), et Minlivist´ Sinantropn. Popul. Rosl. 26 (1997)
= Galium humifusum subsp. besserianum (Klokov) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 18(1- 2): 176 (1973)
= Galium humifusum subsp. cincinnatum (Klokov) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung., 18(1-2): 176 (1973)
= Galium humifusum var. confertum (K.Koch) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 60 (1989)
= Galium humifusum var. diffusum (K.Koch) Ancev; Fl. Nar. Republ. Bulgariya 9: 60 (1989)
= Galium humifusum var. lasiocarpum (Boiss.) Meikle; Fl. Cyprus 1: 782, 807 (1977)
= Galium insuave (Pobed.) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 276 (1970 publ. 1971)
= Galium lenkoranicum Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(10): 71 (1992)
= Galium parisiense Pall.; Tabl. Phys. Topogr. Taur.: 46 (1795), nom. illeg.
= Galium polycarpum Less. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 402 (1844)
= Galium pseudohumifusum Ostapko; Konspekt Fl. Yugo-Vost. Ukrainy 131 (1985), et Minlivist´ Sinantropn. Popul. Rosl. 29 (1997), nom. nov. for Asperula besseriana Klokov
species :
Galium humile Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 226 (1828)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Cordillera, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari); Uruguay (San Jose); Argentina (Corrientes, Entre Rios)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium humile (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6). 105 (1889)
species :
Galium humilioides (M.L.Porto & Ehrend.) K.De Toni & Mariath; Phytotaxa 218(3): 296 (2015)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium humilioides M.L.Porto & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 128(3-4): 179 (1977)
species :
Galium hupehense Pamp.; Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. 17: 719 (1910)
Distribution: China (Hubei, Jiangsu)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale var. molle Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 23: 394 (1888)
= Galium hemsleyanum Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genève 3: 295 (1911)
= Galium hupehense var. molle (Hemsl.) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 224 (1940)
species :
Galium hypocarpium (L.) Endl. ex Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. 4: 351 (1961)
subspecies :
subsp. hypocarpium
Name: Relbún, kantoría [Chile]
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Dominican Republic; Haiti; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Anzoategui, Aragua, Bolívar, Carabobo, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy, Zulia); Guyana; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); NE-Brazil (Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caazapa, Central, Cordillera, Guaira, Paraguari); Uruguay (Artigas, Cerro Largo, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rivera, Rocha, Treinta y Tres); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Tucuman); Chile (Antofagasta, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén)
79 MEX 80 COS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 HIS JAM 82 CLM GUY VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG CLE PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium albicans Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 38 (1858)
= Galium brasiliense Wawra; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 29: 216 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Galium croceum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium fluminense Vell.; Fl. Flum. 43 (1825)
= Galium gardneri Walp.; Repert. 6: 17 (1846)
= Galium hypocarpium subsp. gracillimum (Ehrend.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 317 (1990)
= Galium hypocarpium subsp. indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 317 (1990)
= Galium orinocense (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., 1: 397 (1824)
= Galium ovale Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium pauciflorum Willd. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 592 (1830)
= Galium pauciflorum Willd. ex K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 112 (1888), pro syn.
= Galium quitense Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 38 (1858)
= Galium relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) Clos; Gay, Fl. Chil. 3: 186 (1848)
= Galium repugnans Kunze ex Poepp.; Coll. Pl. Chil. Exsicc. 1: 42 (1835)
= Galium rupestre (Gardner) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 6: 17 (1847), nom. illeg.
= Relbunium bangii Rusby; Bull. New York Bot. Gard. 4: 374 (1907)
= Relbunium croceum (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 116 (1889)
= Relbunium glaberrimum Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 297 (1929)
= Relbunium gracillimum Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 539 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium (L.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. 2: 63 (1881)
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. fluminense (Vell.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 537 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. grandifolium Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 536 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. nitidum (Kunth) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 536 (1955)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. alpestre K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 113 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. incanum (Kunth) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 113 (1888)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; FI Bras. 6(6): 113 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 113 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium var. viridiflorum Chodat; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7(app. 1): 85 (1899)
= Relbunium indecorum (Cham. & Schltdl.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 540 (1955)
= Relbunium nitidum (Kunth) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 114 (1889)
= Relbunium orinocense (Kunth) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 112 (1889)
= Relbunium ovale (Ruiz & Pav.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 115 (1889)
= Relbunium relbun (Cham. & Schltdl.) Herter; Rev. Sudamer. Bot. 7: 231 (1943)
= Relbunium rupestre (Gardner) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 79: 538 (1955)
= Relbunium wettsteinii Zahlbr.; Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 60: 85 (1923 publ. 1924)
= Rubia affinis Gardner; Hook. J. Bot. 4: 111 (1845)
= Rubia brownei Spreng.; Syst. Veg., 1: 397 (1824)
= Rubia chilensis Molina; Sag. Stor. Nat. Chili: 141 (1782)
= Rubia chilensis Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 1: 604 (1798), nom. illeg.
= Rubia crocea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia glabra Gardner; Hook. J. Bot. 4: 112 (1845)
= Rubia hispida Willd. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg., 1: 397 (1824), nom. nud.
= Rubia hypocarpia (L.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia incana Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 338 (1819)
= Rubia indecora Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 229 (1828)
= Rubia nitida Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 339 (1819)
= Rubia orinocensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 339 (1819)
= Rubia ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia ramosissima Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
= Rubia ramosissima var. hispida Wawra; Itin. Princ. S.-Coburg 1: 129 (1838)
= Rubia relbun Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 229 (1828)
= Rubia rupestris Gardner; Hook. J. Bot. 4: 111 (1845)
= Valantia hypocarpia L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 1307 (1759) (non Br.)
subspecies :
subsp. alluviale (Ehrend.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 315 (1990)
Distribution: Argentina (Buenos Aires, Entre Rios, Santa Fe)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium hypocarpium subsp. alluviale Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 537 (1955)
subspecies :
subsp. buxifolium (K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 315 (1990)
Distribution: WC-Brazil (Goiás, Brasilia Distrito Federal); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium buxifolium f. microphylla K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 111 (1889)
= Relbunium buxifolium K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 110 (1889)
subspecies :
subsp. titicacum Dempster; Allertonia 5: 318 (1990)
Distribution: Bolivia
83 BOL
species :
Galium hypotrichium A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 538 (1864 publ. 1865)
subspecies :
subsp. hypotrichium
Name: Alpine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. ebbettsense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 318 (1965)
Name: Ebbett´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. inyoense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 319 (1965)
Name: Inyo bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. nevadense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 316 (1965)
Name: Nevada bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. subalpinum (Hilend & Howell) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 12 (1956)
Name: Subalpine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii var. subalpinum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 136 (1934)
= Galium multiflorum var. subalpinum (Hilend & J.T.Howell) Cronquist; Cronquist & al., Intermountain Fl. 4: 531 (1984)
subspecies :
subsp. tomentellum Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 12 (1956)
Name: Alpine bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypotrichium var. tomentellum (Ehrend.) Dempster; Brittonia 11: 119 (1959)
species :
Galium hypoxylon Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 255 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium hyrcanicum C.A.Mey.; Enum. 53 (1831)
Distribution: Armenia; Azerbaijan; Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, C-Iran)
33 ARM AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium grossheimii Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 720 (1958)
= Galium hyrcanicum var. glabrum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 461 (1881)
= Galium hyrcanicum var. puberulum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 461 (1881)
= Galium kandavanense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 206 (1991)
= Galium plurifolium Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 203 (1991)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. hyrcanicum (C.A.Mey.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 369 (1958)
species :
Galium hystricocarpum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 464 (1898)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua)
79 MEX
species :
Galium idubedae (Pau ex Debeaux) Pau ex Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 412 (1960)
subspecies :
subsp. idubedae
Distribution: C- & E-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium idubedae var. humile C.Vicioso ex Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 29: 250 (2004)
= Galium pusillum subsp. idubedae (Pau & Debeaux) Vigo; Arxius Secc. Ci. Inst. Estud. Catalans 37: 91 (1968)
= Galium valentinum subsp. idubedae (Pau & Debeaux) Vigo; Arxius Secc. Ci. Inst. Estud. Catalans 37: 91 (1968)
= Galium valentinum var. idubedae Pau & Debeaux; Rev. Bot. Bull. Mens. 15: 153 (1897)
subspecies :
subsp. javalambrense (López Udias, Mateo & M.B.Crespo) Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Flora Montiber. 58: 26 (2014)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium javalambrense López Udias, Mateo & M.B.Crespo; Flora Montiber. 24: 49 (2004)
species :
Galium iltisii Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 8 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)
79 MEX
species :
Galium incanum Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 91 (1806)
subspecies :
subsp. incanum
Distribution: Greece; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); Jordania (S-Jordania)
13 GRC 34 JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium crispulopilosum K.Koch ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium orientale Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 38 (1843)
= Galium orientale subvar. incanum (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium orientale var. alpinum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 38 (1843)
= Galium orientale var. glabrum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 39 (1843)
= Galium orientale var. latifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium orientale var. tenerum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium stoloniferum K.Koch; Linnaea 19: 32 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. centrale Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Z. 98: 445 (1951)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium carium Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 107 (1885)
subspecies :
subsp. creticum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 98: 453 (1951)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl.
13 KRI 34 EAI
subspecies :
subsp. elatius (Boiss.) Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 98: 454 (1951)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey; Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); N-Syria
33 GEO 34 IRN SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium orientale var. elatius Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 57 (1875)
= Galium grusinum Trautv.; Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 7: 461 (1881)
subspecies :
subsp. libanoticum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Z. 98: 451 (1951)
Distribution: Turkey; Lebanon; Syria
34 LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium orientale var. hirtum Post; Fl. Syria: 384 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. pseudocornigerum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Z. 98: 449 (1951)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium inconspicuum Phil.; Linnaea 33: 99 (1864)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza, Neuquen); Chile (Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypnoides var. inconspicuum (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 106: 990 (1900)
species :
Galium incrassatum Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 724 (1901)
Name: Dickblättriges Labkraut (DE); Thick-leaved Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos)
13 KRI 34 EAI
species :
Galium incurvum Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 92 (1806)
Distribution: Crete
13 KRI
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aureum var. incurvum (Sibth. & Sm.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 61 (1875)
species :
Galium innocuum Miq.; Fl. Ind. Bat. 2: 341 (1857)
Distribution: China (Fujian, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; NE-India (Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya); Bangladesh; Myanmar; Sumatra; Java; Moluccas; New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BAN IND 41 MYA 42 JAW MOL NWG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium modestum Diels; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 5(25): 438 (1912)
= Galium trifidum var. modestum (Diels) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 233 (1940)
species :
Galium intermedium Schult.; Obs. Bot. 22 (1809)
Name: Schultes-Labkraut, Glattes Labkraut (DE), Schultes´ bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Bayern, Sachsen, Thüringen); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; ?Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; +Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; Ukraine; USA [I] (California [I])
11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO 13 BIH BUL CRO KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 76 usa
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aristatum subsp. schultesii (Vest) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium schultesii f. ciliatum (Kucowa) Borza; Pawl., 324, 308 (1967)
= Galium schultesii var. nikolicii Gajic; Fl. Veg. Golija Javor 570 (1989)
= Galium schultesii Vest; Flora (Regensb.) 4: 530 (1821)
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. schultesii (Vest) Vollm.; 691 (1914)
= Galium sylvaticum var. angustifolium Heuff.; 88 (1858)
species :
Galium intricatum Margot & Reut.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Hist. Nat. Genéve 8: 304 (1839)
Distribution: S-Albania; Greece; East Aegaean Isl.
13 ALB GRC 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium intricatum var. trichophorum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 331 (1879)
= Galium intricatum var. zacynthium (Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 331 (1879)
= Galium microcarpon Friv. ex Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 162 (1846)
= Galium trichopharum Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 161 (1846)
= Galium zacynthium Reut.; Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 8: 304 (1839)
= Galium zacynthium var. intricatum (Margot & Reut.) Halácsy; Consp. Fl. Graec. 1: 724 (1901)
species :
Galium ionicum Krendl; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 108: 265 (2007), nom. nov.
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mixtum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 105 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
species :
Galium iranicum Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19 2: 266 (1906)
Distribution: W-Iran
34 IRN
species :
Galium irinae Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 9: 367 (1987)
Distribution: Tajikistan
32 TZK
species :
Galium isauricum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 259, t. 2, f. c (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium japonicum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 9: 311 (1895)
Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
38 JAP KOR
Remarks: often included in G. triflorum s. l.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nipponicum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 32: 158 (1908), nom. superfl.
= Galium trifloriforme var. nipponicum Nakai; Mori, Enum. Pl. Corea: 324 (1922)
species :
Galium javanicum Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 943 (1826)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans var. javanicum (Blume) Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. 7: 1029 (1936)
= Galium rotundifolium var. javanicum (Blume) Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 205 (1881)
variant :
var. pulneyense R.Bhattacharjee; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 30(3): 486 (2006)
Distribution: India (Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
species :
Galium jemense Kotschy; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1 52: 257 (1866)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia (Asir); Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 SAU YEM
species :
Galium jepsonii Hilend & Howell; Leafl. West. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
Name: Jepson´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. subglabrum Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif.: 962 (1925)
species :
Galium johnstonii Dempster & Stebbins; Madrono. 21(2): 84 (1971), nom. nov.
Name: Johnston´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium angustifolium var. pinetorum Munz & I.M.Johnst.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 49: 357 (1922)
species :
Galium judaicum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 69 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR
species :
Galium jungermannioides Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 43 (1843)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Galium junghuhnianum Miq.; Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 340 (1857)
Distribution: Java
42 JAW
species :
Galium juniperinum Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot., ser. 22: 114 (1940)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
species :
Galium kaganense R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 69 (2006)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Galium kahelianum Deflers; Voy. Yemen 145 (1889)
Distribution: Saudi Arabia; Yemen (W-Yemen)
35 SAU YEM
species :
Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 186 (1827)
Name: Boreal bedstraw
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec); USA (Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, Vermont, Washington State)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kamtschaticum f. intermedium Takeda; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 24: 66 (1910)
= Galium littellii Oakes; Mag. Hort. Bot. 7: 179 (1841)
= Galium rotundifolium var. kamtschaticum (Steller ex Schult.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
variant :
var. acutifolium H.Hara; Bot. Mag. Tokyo 51: 642 (1937)
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku)
38 JAP
variant :
var. yakusimense (Masam.) T.Yamaz.; J. Jap. Bot., 58(10): 305 (1983)
Distribution: Japan (Yakushima Isl.)
38 JAP NNS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium yakusimense Masam.; Prelim. Rep. Veg. Yakus. 120 (1929), Masam. in J. Soc. Trop. Agric., Taiwan 2: 37 (1930), et in Mem. Fac. Sci. & Agric. Taihoku Imp. Univ. 11: Bot. No. 4, 423 (1934)
species :
Galium karakulense Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 712 (1958)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Takhar); China (Xinjiang); India (Jammu & Kashmir)
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 CHI 40 IND
species :
Galium karataviense (Pavlov) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 278 (1970 publ. 1971)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang)
32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula karataviensis Pavlov; Vestnik Akad. Nauk Kazak. SSR, No. 4 (73) 95 (1951)
species :
Galium karliovaense Yild. & Kiliç; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 25(2): 33 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium kasachstanicum Pachom.; Opred. Rast. Sred. Azii 9: 368 (1987)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
species :
Galium kenyanum Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 493 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania
25 KEN TAN
species :
Galium kerneri Degen & Dörfl.; Denkschr. Akad.- Wiss. Math.-Nat. Kl. (Wien) 64: 723 (1897)
Distribution: W-North Macedonia; S-Albania; Greece
13 ALB GRC NMA
species :
Galium khorasanense Griff.; Not. Pl. Asiat. 4: 252 (1854)
Distribution: Afghanistan
34 AFG
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium kikumuyura Ohwi; Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 6: 149 (1937)
Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brachypodum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Petersb. 19: 280 (1874), non Jord.
species :
Galium killipii Dempster & Ehrend.; Allertonia 2(4): 262 (1980)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium kinuta Nakai & H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 518 (1933)
Distribution: China (Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Sichuan, Henan, Hubei); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boreale var. japonicum Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 264 (1873)
= Galium japonicum (Maxim.) Makino & Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 152 (1908), nom. illeg.
= Galium japonicum var. bracteatum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 104 (1909)
= Galium japonicum var. viridescens Makino & Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 22: 152 (1908)
= Galium kinuta f. roseum Hayashi; Bull. Gov. Forest Exp. Sta. 125: 76 (1960)
= Galium kinuta var. bracteatum (Nakai) Nakai & H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 520 (1933)
= Galium kinuta var. viridescens (Makino & Nakai) Matsum. & Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 518 (1933)
species :
Galium kitaibelianum Schult. & Schult.f.; Mantissa 3: 163 (1827)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; SW- & C-Romania
13 KOS ROM SRB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dacicum Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 37: 163 (1890)
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. kitaibelianum (Schult.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
species :
Galium kuetzingii Boiss. & Buhse; Nouv. Mem. Soc. Nat. Mosc. 12: 109 (1860)
Distribution: Azerbaijan; NW-Iran (Gilan)
33 AZE 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium meyeri Grossh.; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada, II 1: 28 (1920)
= Galium verum var. kuetzingii (Boiss. & Buhse) Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boiss., II 6: 776 (1906)
species :
Galium kulluense Anant Kumar, Ranjan & S.C.Srivast.; J. Jap. Bot. 88: 164 (2013)
Distribution: N-India (Himachal Pradesh)
40 IND
species :
Galium kunmingense Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 270 (2010)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium kurdicum Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 37 (1843)
Distribution: SE-Turkey; NE-Iraq
34 IRQ TUR
species :
Galium labradoricum (Wiegand) Wiegand; Rhodora. 6: 21 (1904)
Name: Northern bog bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin)
70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium tinctorium var. labradoricum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 398 (1897)
species :
Galium laconicum Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 1(6): 66 (1846 publ. 1847)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; European Turkey; NE-Greece
13 BUL GRC KOS SRB TUE
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. laconicum (Boiss. & Heldr.) Stoj. & Stef.; Fl. Bulg. 2: 1016 (1967)
species :
Galium lacrimiforme Dempster; Madroño 23: 110 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Galium laevigatum L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 1667 (1763)
Name: Glattes Labkraut
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; NE-Spain; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT SWI 12 FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA SLV
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium atrovirens Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl.: 22 (1818)
= Galium linifolium var. rigidulum DC.; Prodr. 4: 593 (1830)
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. laevigatum (L.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 311 (1882), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. laevigatum (L.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983), isonym
= Galium sylvaticum var. atrovirens (Lapeyr.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 21 (1850)
= Galium sylvaticum var. depauperatum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 23 (1903)
= Galium sylvaticum var. pyrenaicum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 21 (1850)
species :
Galium lanceolatum (Torr. & A.Gray) Torr.; Fl. N. Middle United States: 168 (1824)
Name: Lanceleaf wild licorice
Distribution: Canada (Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Connecticut, Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium circaezans var. lanceolatum Torr. & A.Gray; Cat. Pl. City New York: 23 (1819)
= Galium rotundifolium var. lanceolatum (Torr.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 283 (1891)
= Galium torreyi Bigelow; Fl. Boston., ed. 2: 56 (1824)
species :
Galium lasiocarpum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 42 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium latifolium Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 79 (1803)
Name: Purple bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Georgia, Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium latifolium var. hispidifolium Small ex Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 303 (1894)
= Galium latifolium var. hispidum Small; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 4: 126 (1894)
species :
Galium latoramosum Clos; Gay
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, Tarija); S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Guaira); Uruguay (Canelones, Colonia, Durazno, Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Rio Negro, San Jose, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Misiones, Santa Fe, San Luis, Tucuman)
83 BOL 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chapi Wedd.; Chlor. Andina 2: 36 (1859)
= Galium ephedroides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898), nom. illeg.
= Galium intricatum (Hook. & Arn.) Endl. ex Walp.; Rep. Bot. Syst. 2: 459 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Galium tetragonum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wissensch. Göttingen 19: 161 (1874)
= Rubia ephedroides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 231 (1828)
= Rubia intricata Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Misc. 3. 362 (1833)
= Rubia tetragona (Griseb.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 120 (1889)
species :
Galium leiocarpum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 79 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, Queensland, New South Wales, Tasmania)
50 AUS
species :
Galium leptogonium I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 84 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Victoria, Western Australia, South Australia, Queensland, New South Wales)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gaudichaudii var. muriculatum Benth.; Fl. Austral. 3: 446 (1867)
= Galium umbrosum f. muriculatum (Benth.) Maiden & Betche; Census N.S.W. Pl.: 188 (1916)
= Galium umbrosum var. gaudichaudii-muriculatum Maiden & Betche; Census N. S. W. Pl.: 188 (1916), nom. superfl.
= Galium umbrosum var. muriculatum (Benth.) Ewart & B.Rees; J. M. Black, Fl. S. Austral., ed. 2, 4: 799 (1957)
species :
Galium leptum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 734 (1894)
Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo, Metropolitana de Santiago)
85 CLE
species :
Galium libanoticum Ehrend.; Arkiv Bot. Stockh. andra ser. 5: 414 (1960)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains)
34 LEB SYR
species :
Galium lilloi Hicken; Darwinlana 1: 140 (1924)
Distribution: Argentina (Catamarca, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucuman)
85 ARG
species :
Galium linearifolium Turcz.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 7: 152 (1837)
Distribution: China (Liaoning, Hebei, Hubei); North Korea
36 CHI 38 NKO
species :
Galium liratum N.A.Wakef.; Vict. Nat. 72: 70 (1955)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium lishanense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 5: 119 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium litorale Guss.; Fl. Sic. Prodr. 1: 172 (1827)
Distribution: W-Sicily
13 SIC
species :
Galium longipedunculatum (Mariath & Ehrend.) K.De Toni & Mariath; Phytotaxa 218(3): 296 (2015)
Distribution: Brazil
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium longipedunculatum Mariath & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 128(3-4): 184 (1977)
species :
Galium lovcense Urum.; Österr. Bot. Z. 49: 55 (1899)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Turkey
13 ALB BUL NMA 34 TUR
Remarks: often included in G. rhodopeum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium erectum var. lovcense (Urum.) Stoj.; Izv. Bulg. Bot. Druzh. 5: 109 (1932)
= Galium heldreichii f. lovcense (Urum.) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1534 (1975)
= Galium heldreichii subsp. protopycnotrichum (Ehrend. & Krendl) Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1534 (1975)
= Galium heldreichii var. obovatum Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1534 (1975)
= Galium protopycnotrichum Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 68: 270 (1974)
species :
Galium lucidum All.; Auct. Syn. Stirp. Horti Taur. 5 (1773)
subspecies :
subsp. lucidum
Name: Glanz-Labkraut
Distribution: Germany [I]; Spain; Baleares (Ibiza, Mallorca)
11 ger 12 BAL SPA
Remarks: lucidum agg. References for C- and E-Mediterranean belong to G. corrudifolium
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium affine Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 172 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Galium atlanticum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl.: 76 (1874), nom. illeg., non Ball
= Galium bermudianum L.; Syst. Nat. ed. 12.: 117 (1767), nom. illeg.
= Galium betetae Caball.; Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 2: 238 (1942)
= Galium corrudifolium var. mauritii Sennen; Sennen & H. Mauricio, Cat. Fl. Rif Orient.: 54 (1933), nom. nud.
= Galium erectum var. lucidum (All.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium erectum var. prostratum Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 286 (1840)
= Galium erectum var. rigidum (Vill.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 23 (1850)
= Galium errans Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 651 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Galium gerardi Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 19 (1779)
= Galium lucidum subsp. rigidum (Vill.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 38 (1922)
= Galium lucidum var. abruptorum (Pomel) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 397 (1890)
= Galium lucidum var. angustifolium M.Loehr; 302 (1852)
= Galium lucidum var. atlanticum Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 397 (1890)
= Galium lucidum var. fontanesianum (Pomel) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 397 (1890)
= Galium lucidum var. scabridum (DC.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 214 (1914)
= Galium mollugo subsp. gerardi (Vill.) Briq.; Schinz & Thell., Fl. Schweiz: 489 (1900)
= Galium mollugo subsp. lucidum (All.) Schinz & Thell.; Schinz & Keller, Fl. Schweiz, ed. 3, 2: 321 (1914)
= Galium mollugo var. lucidum (All.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 492 (1927)
= Galium mollugo var. rigidum (Vill.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 136 (1915)
= Galium petrosum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 284 (1866)
= Galium reflexifolium Sennen; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 27: 174 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Galium rigidum var. longipes Pau ex Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 99 (1950)
= Galium rigidum var. tenuissimum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
= Galium rigidum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 1: 256, 283 (1786)
= Galium viridulum var. umbelliflorum Sennen; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 27: 174 (1929)
= Rubia rigida (Vill.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 372 (1880)
subspecies :
subsp. fruticescens (Cav.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983)
Distribution: NC- & E-Spain; Andorra
12 ADO SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aciphyllum var. caespitosum Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 102 (1859)
= Galium aciphyllum var. longicaule Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 101 (1859)
= Galium aciphyllum Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 101 (1859 publ. 1860)
= Galium fruticescens [unranked] aciphyllum (Willk. & Costa) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 314 (1868)
= Galium fruticescens Cav.; Icon. Descr. 3: 3 (1795)
= Galium fruticescens var. aciphyllum (Willk. & Costa) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. aciphyllum (Willk. & Costa) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium lucidum var. fruticescens (Cav.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium mollugo subsp. fruticescens (Cav.) A.Bolòs & O.Bolòs; Veg. Com. Barcelona: 499 (1950)
subspecies :
subsp. krendlii Natali; Candollea 53(2): 500 (1998)
Distribution: Corsica
12 COR
subspecies :
subsp. venustum (Jord.) Natali; Candollea 53(2): 503 (1998)
Distribution: Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino
11 AUT LIE SWI 12 COR FRA SAR 13 ITA SIC SMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bernardii Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 23 (1850)
= Galium gerardi var. bernardii (Gren.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium gerardi var. venustum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium lucidum subsp. bernardii (Gren. & Godr.) Natali; Candollea 53: 496 (1998)
= Galium mollugo var. bernardii (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. venustum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium roseolum Mabille; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 25: xlv (1878)
= Galium venustum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 117 (1846)
species :
Galium macedonicum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 121 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Bulgaria; Greece
13 BUL GRC NMA
species :
Galium magellanicum Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 302 (bis) (1846)
Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz); Chile (Valparaíso, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chonoense Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 2: 303(bis) (1846)
= Galium chonoense var. valdivianum (Phil.) Reiche; Anales Univ. Chil. 106: 990 (1900)
= Galium forsteri Phil.; Anales Univ. Chil. 85: 735 (1894)
= Galium nigricans Clos; Gay, Fl. Chil. 3: 188 (1848), nom. illeg.
= Galium valdivianum Phil.; Linnaea 28: 655 (1856)
species :
Galium magellense Ten.; Sacc. Relaz. Viagg. Abruzzo 48 (1832)
Distribution: Italy (C- & S-Appennini)
13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pusillum subsp. magellense (Ten.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
species :
Galium magnifolium (Dempster) Dempster; Brittonia 11: 111 (1959)
Name: Largeleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium munzii f. glabrum Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 19 (1956)
= Galium matthewsii var. magnifolium Dempster; Brittonia 10: 189 (1958)
species :
Galium mahadivense G.Singh; Forest Fl. Srinagar: 125 (1976), as ´mahadivensis´
Distribution: NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium gymnopetalum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 78 (1987)
species :
Galium mandonii Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 263 (1891)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija)
83 BOL PER
species :
Galium maneauense P.Royen; Alp. Fl. New Guinea 4: 2772 (1983)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium marchandii Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 528 (1818)
Distribution: N-Spain (Cordillera Cantabrica, Pyrenees); Andorra; C-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium commune var. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 142, 143 (1902)
= Galium lapeyrouseanum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 154 (1846)
= Galium lapeyrouseanum var. glabrum Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 11: 128, 145 (1864)
= Galium pumilum subsp. marchandii (Roem. & Schult.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium sylvestre unranked commutatum (Jord.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 320 (1868)
= Galium sylvestre unranked lapeyrousianum (Jord.) Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 319 (1868)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 124 (1887)
= Galium sylvestre var. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. lapeyrousianum (Jord.) Losa & P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 1: 166 (1947)
= Galium sylvestre var. lapeyrousianum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium umbellatum var. lapeyrouseanum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
species :
Galium margaceum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 249 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium margaritaceum A.Kern.; Zeitschr. Ferdinand. (Innsbruck) ser. 3, 15: 252 (1870)
Distribution: NE-Italy (SE-Alps)
13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
species :
Galium maritimum L.; Mantissa 38 (1767)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Andorra; S-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bertrandii Sennen & Gonzalo; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: no. 5478 (1925)
= Galium gonzaloi Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: no. 5477 (1925)
= Galium maritimum f. luteum (Rouy & E.G.Camus) P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 5: 644 (1958), nom. inval.
= Galium maritimum subsp. luteum (Rouy & E.G.Camus) P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 5: 644 (1958), nom. inval.
= Galium maritimum subvar. luteum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 11 (1903)
= Galium maritimum var. angustifolium Sennen; Bull. Géogr. Bot. 24: 223 (1914)
= Galium maritimum var. densiflorum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 311 (1868), nom. illeg.
= Galium maritimum var. latifolium Sennen; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 11: 33 (1921)
= Galium maritimum var. laxiflorum Lange; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 311 (1868)
= Galium maritimum var. luteiflorum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. 11: 32 (1921)
= Galium maritimum var. rubriflorum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. 11: 32 (1921)
= Galium maritimum var. villosum (Lam.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 602 (1830)
= Galium villosum Lam.; Encycl. 2: 583 (1788)
= Galium ×angustifolium (Sennen) Sennen; Treb. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 135: 81 (1917), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium martirense Dempster & Stebbins; Madroño 18: 110 (1965)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium masafueranum Skottsb.; Nat. Hist. J. Fernandez & Easter Island 2: 174 (1922)
Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl. (Masafuera)
85 JNF
species :
Galium matthewsii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 80 (1883)
Name: Bushy bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
species :
Galium maximoviczii (Kom.) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 277 (1970 publ. 1971)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Zhejiang, Henan); North Korea; South Korea
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula maximoviczii f. latifolia (Nakai) W.Lee; Lin. Fl. Koreae: 893 (1996)
= Asperula maximoviczii Kom.; Trudy Glavn. Bot. Sada 39: 109 (1923)
= Asperula maximoviczii var. latifolia Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 119 (1938)
= Asperula platygalium var. pratensis Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 19: 284 (1874)
species :
Galium mechudoense Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 15 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Galium megacyttarion R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 200 (1996)
Distribution: ?China (?Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Chumbi)
36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
variant :
var. trichanthum (Cufod.) R.Bhattacharjee; Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. 1: 657 (2020)
Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium acutum var. trichanthum Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 239 (1940)
species :
Galium megalanthum Boiss.; Diagn., ser. I. 6: 67 (1846)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium handelii Nábelek; Spisy Prír. Fak. Masarykovy Univ. 35: 134 (1923), nom. superfl.
= Galium leiophyllum var. glabrum Boiss.; (1843) (p. p., incl. typo, nom. superfl.)
= Galium pseudomegalanthum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 206 (1991)
= Galium psilophyllum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 304 (1977) (nom. nov. superfl.)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. megalanthum (Boiss.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 367 (1958)
species :
Galium megalospermum All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur.: 9 (1773)
Name: Schweizer Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; France; Italy; Croatia
11 AUT GER LIE SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA
Remarks: helveticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cenisium Arv.-Touv.; Essai Pl. Dauphiné: 33 (1871)
= Galium helveticum var. allionii Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 39 (1903)
= Galium helveticum var. cenisium (Arv.-Touv.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 38 (1903)
= Galium helveticum var. elongatum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 37 (1850)
= Galium montanum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 317b (1787), nom. illeg.
= Galium prostratum Haller ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 228 (1818)
= Galium pusillum Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 2: 324 (1787), nom. illeg.
= Galium rupicola Bertol.; Fl. Ital. 2: 108 (1835), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvestre subsp. virens Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 432 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. montanum Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 145 (1830)
= Galium villarsii Gaudin ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 220 (1818)
species :
Galium megapotamicum Spreng.; Syst. Nat. 4(2): 39 (1827)
Distribution: N-Brazil (Pará); WC-Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Amambay, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Cordillera, Guaira, Neembucu, Paraguari, San Pedro); Uruguay (Montevideo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Misiones)
84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium apricum Vell.; Fl. Flumin.: 43 (1829), nom. inval.
= Galium camporum Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 604 (1830)
= Galium ciliatum Larrañaga; Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923), nom. illeg.
= Galium radicosum Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 660 (1840), nom. inval.
= Galium tenue Larrañaga; Escr. D. A. Larrañaga 2: 61 (1923)
= Relbunium hirtum f. floribundum K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 109 (1889)
= Relbunium hirtum f. glabriflora K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 109 (1889)
= Relbunium hirtum subsp. camporum (Pohl ex DC.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 108 (1888)
= Relbunium hirtum subsp. reflexum K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 109 (1888)
= Relbunium hirtum var. camporum (Pohl ex DC.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 397 (1931)
= Relbunium hirtum var. reflexum (K.Schum.) Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 398 (1931)
= Relbunium megapotamicum (Spreng.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 543 (1955)
= Relbunium megapotamicum subsp. camporum (Pohl ex DC.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 544 (1955)
= Relbunium megapotamicum subsp. reflexum (K.Schum.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 544 (1955)
= Rubia tenuis Larrañaga; Escritos D. A. Larrañaga 2: 60 (1923)
species :
Galium melanantherum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 1(6): 68 (1846 publ. 1847)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium advenum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 152 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
= Galium malickyi Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 150 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
= Galium melanantherum var. brevifolium Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 4: 68 (1846)
species :
Galium meliodorum (Beck) Fritsch; Exkursionsfl. Österr. ed. 2, 573 (1909)
Distribution: Austria; Bosnia & Hercegovina
11 AUT 13 BIH
Remarks: lucidum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lucidum var. meliodorum Beck; Hernstein Niederösterr.: 251 (1886)
species :
Galium membranaceum Ehrend.; Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 56: 229 (1948)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium mexicanum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 337 (1818)
subspecies :
subsp. mexicanum
Name: Mexican bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Isla Guadalupe; Guatemala; Belize; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Putumayo); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Miranda, Monagas, Sucre, Tachira)
77 USA 79 GLP MEX 80 BLZ COS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium caripense Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 337 (1819)
= Galium granadense Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 186 (1827)
= Galium mexicanum var. glabratum Greenm.; Contr. Gray Herb. 14: 458 (1898)
= Galium mexicanum var. platyphyllum Greenm.; Contr. Gray Herb. n. ser. 14: 458 (1898)
= Galium piliferum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. [H. B. K.] 3: 337 (1819)
subspecies :
subsp. asperrimum (A.Gray) Dempster; Madrono 23: 384 (1976)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico); Mexico (Sonora, Chihuahua, Sinaloa, Oaxaca, Coahuila)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperrimum A.Gray; Pl. Fendl. 60 (1879)
= Galium mexicanum var. asperrimum (A.Gray) B.L.Turner; Sida, Bot. Misc. 24: 8 (2003), isonym
= Galium mexicanum var. asperrimum (A.Gray) L.C.Higgins & S.L.Welsh; Great Basin Nat. 46(2): 260 (1986)
subspecies :
subsp. asperulum (A.Gray) Dempster; Madrono 23(7): 384 (1976)
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperrimum var. asperulum A.Gray; Bot. California 1: 284 (1880)
= Galium asperulum (A.Gray) Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts.: 809 (1917)
= Galium mexicanum var. asperulum (A.Gray) Dempster; Brittonia 10: 187 (1958)
subspecies :
subsp. flexicum Dempster; Madrono 23: 384 (1976)
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Sonora, Coahuila, etc.)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mexicanum var. flexicum (Dempster) B.L.Turner; Sida, Bot. Misc. 24: 8 (2003)
species :
Galium microchiasma Gilli; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 83: 459 (1979 publ. 1980)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium microlobum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 100 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium microphyllum A.Gray; Pl. Wright 1: 80 (1852)
Name: Bracted bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, New Mexico, Texas); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium laevigatum Bartl. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830), nom. inval.
= Galium nitens M.E.Jones; Contr. W. Bot. 15: 153 (1929)
= Galium repens Sessé & Moc.; Fl. Mex. 24 (1893)
= Relbunium laevigatum (DC.) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. 2: 63 (1881)
= Relbunium microphyllum (A.Gray) Hemsl.; Biol. Centr.-Am. Bot. 2: 63 (1881)
= Relbunium microphyllum var. hispidulum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 470 (1898)
= Relbunium microphyllum var. setulosum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 470 (1898)
= Relbunium polyplocum Hemsl.; Diagn. Pl. Nov. Mexic. 3: 53 (1880)
= Rubia laevigata DC.; Prodr. 4: 591 (1830)
species :
Galium migrans Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 362 (1983), nom. nov.
subspecies :
subsp. migrans
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium erythrorrhizum F.Muell. ex Miq.; Ned. Kruidk. Arch. 4: 113 (1856), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. inversum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 93 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
subspecies :
subsp. trichogynum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 95 (map) (2009)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia)
50 AUS
species :
Galium minutissimum T.Shimizu; J. Fac. Text. Sci. & Techn., Shinshu Univ. No. 36, Biol., No. 12 (Stud. Limest. Fl. Jap. & Taiwan, Pt. 2) 58 (1963), et in Acta Phytotax. & Geobot., Kyoto 21: 28 (1964)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium minutulum Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 3: 182 (1846)
Distribution: Portugal; S-, C- & NE-Spain; France; Italy
12 FRA POR SPA 13 ITA
species :
Galium mirum Rech.f.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 69: 512 (1939)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Greece
13 BUL GRC KOS SRB
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capreum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 119 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
= Galium thracicum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 114 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
species :
Galium mite Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 37 (1843)
Distribution: Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran)
33 ARM 34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mite var. roseum Ghahr.; Fl. Iran (Ghahreman) 22: no. 2692 (2001), nom. inval.
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. mite (Boiss. & Hohen.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 365 (1958)
species :
Galium moldavicum (Dobrescu) Franco; Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 71: 50 (1975)
Distribution: Romania; Moldova
13 ROM 14 MLD
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula moldavica Dobrocz.; Commun. Ac. R. P. Rom. 4: 389 (1954)
species :
Galium mollugo L.; Sp. Pl. 107 (1753) s. str.
Name: Echtes Wiesen-Labkraut (DE), False baby´s breath (EN)
Distribution: England; ?Sweden; Netherlands; ?Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; ?Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Egypt (SE-Egypt); Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East [I] (Kuril Isl. [I], Magadan [I], Primorye [I]); Northern Caucasus; ?Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; New Zealand [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Labrador [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Mississippi [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Tennessee [I], Utah [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]
10 GRB 11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO ITA KOS ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 EGY 30 SIB 31 rfe 33 ARM NCS 51 nzl 70 gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 arg
Remarks: mollugo agg. See also G. album which is often combined with G. mollugo
Synonyms: hidden
= Galion molluginum St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 113, 126 (1880)
= Galium album Garsault; Fig. Pl. Méd.: t. 285 (1764), opus utique oppr.
= Galium amani Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 54 (1875)
= Galium aristatum Sm.; Engl. Fl. 1: 203 (1824), nom. superfl.
= Galium attenuatum Klokov & Zaver.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. (Kiew), 1974: 82 (1974)
= Galium beilanense Kotschy ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 54 (1875)
= Galium besseri Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 464 (1961)
= Galium bielzii Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 285 (1866)
= Galium bocconei Ten. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 657 (1840), nom. illeg.
= Galium boreale var. alpinum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 418 (1828)
= Galium boreale var. latifolium Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 1: 122 (1827)
= Galium boreale var. medium Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 418 (1828)
= Galium calcareum (Albov) Pobed.; Kom. Fl. URSS 23: 719 (1958)
= Galium capsiriense Jeanb. ex Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Sci. Phys. Nat. Toulouse 6: 155 (1883)
= Galium chloranthum (Schur) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 250 (1965), nom. illeg.
= Galium corrudifolium var. pallidulum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium corrudifolium Willk.; Flora 35: 540 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Galium diffusum D.Don; Hook., Fl. Scot.: 52 (1821), nom. illeg.
= Galium elatum var. clivale Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt.: 23 (1828)
= Galium elatum var. insubricum (Gaudin) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 388 (1889)
= Galium elatum var. latifolium Leers; Fl. Herborn.: 115 (1775)
= Galium elatum var. umbrosum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 22 (1850)
= Galium erectum var. approximatum DC.; Prodr. 4: 596 (1830)
= Galium erectum var. aristatum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. bielzii (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium erectum var. boreanum Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 147 (1902)
= Galium erectum var. calcareum Albov; Trudy Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 1: 123 (1895)
= Galium erectum var. diffusum (D.Don) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. petreum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. pseudocinereum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium erectum var. pubescens Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium erectum var. scabridulum Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 147 (1902)
= Galium erectum var. tyrolense (Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium flaccidum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 58 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium gerardi var. falcatum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
= Galium gerardi var. tenuissimum Lange; Willk. & Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 315 (1868)
= Galium gerardi var. viridulum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 149 (1902)
= Galium ibericum D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. 1: 464 (1839)
= Galium insubricum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 421 (1828)
= Galium kernerianum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 466 (1961)
= Galium lucidum f. brachyphyllum H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 145 (1932)
= Galium lucidum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 104 (1808), nom. illeg.
= Galium lucidum subvar. viridulum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium lucidum var. viridulum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium lucidum W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 333 (1835 publ. 1836), nom. illeg.
= Galium molle Gilib.; Exerc. Phyt. 1: 22 (1792), opus utique oppr.
= Galium mollugo f. brachyphyllum (H.Lindb.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 713 (1934)
= Galium mollugo f. congesta Heintze; Bot. Not. 1900: 279 (1900)
= Galium mollugo f. nemorosum (Wierzb.) Heinr.Braun; 161 (1892)
= Galium mollugo subsp. erectum (Huds.) Syme; 217 (1865)
= Galium mollugo subsp. insubricum (Gaudin) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 311 (1882)
= Galium mollugo subsp. marmaricum Maire & Weiller; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 30: 281 (1939)
= Galium mollugo subsp. tyrolense (Willd.) Hayek; Fl. Steiermark 2: 380 (1912)
= Galium mollugo var. aristatum Syme; 217 (1865)
= Galium mollugo var. boreanum (Rouy) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 15 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. caespitosum Pau ex Marcet; Bol. Real Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., Secc. Biol. 48: 98 (1950)
= Galium mollugo var. chloranthum Schur; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 33: 228 (1894)
= Galium mollugo var. clivale Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec.: 66 (1819)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 4: 254 (1805)
= Galium mollugo var. elatum Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 35 (1825), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. elatum Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris: 59 (1812), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. erectum (Huds.) Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec.: 66 (1819)
= Galium mollugo var. erectum (Huds.) Piré & F.Muell.; Fl. Centr. Belgique: 90 (1866), nom. superfl.
= Galium mollugo var. falcatum (Lange) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. insubricum (Gaudin) Bab.; 143 (1843)
= Galium mollugo var. insubricum (Gaudin) Gremli; Excursionsfl. Schweiz, ed. 2: 218 (1870)
= Galium mollugo var. maritimum Pauquy; Statist. Bot. Somme: 183 (1831)
= Galium mollugo var. mutabile Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl.: 75 (1820)
= Galium mollugo var. nemorale Heintze; Bot. Not. 1900: 279 (1900)
= Galium mollugo var. pallidulum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 18 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. pauciflorum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 55 (1822)
= Galium mollugo var. racemosum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 502 (1822)
= Galium mollugo var. scabridulum (Rouy) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 15 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. scabrum Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris: 59 (1812)
= Galium mollugo var. scabrum Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 89 (1836)
= Galium mollugo var. tenuissimum (Lange) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. tyrolense (Willd.) Heinr.Braun; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 42: 164 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. tyrolense (Willd.) Rchb.; XX (1833)
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum (Gren.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 14 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium mollugo var. umbrosum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 22 (1850)
= Galium mollugo var. virgatum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 502 (1822)
= Galium mollugo var. virgultorum (Lamotte) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium mollugo var. viridulum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 17 (1903)
= Galium nemorosum Wierzb. ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium oligotrichum Borbás; Magyar Növényt. Lapok 8: 122 (1884), non Simonk.
= Galium pallescens Jan; Elench. Pl. 2: 70 (1831), nom. illeg., non C. Presl
= Galium pallidulum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 80 (1852)
= Galium paulianum F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl.: 158 (1855)
= Galium petraeum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 284 (1866)
= Galium provinciale Lam.; Encycl. 2: 581 (1788)
= Galium pseudocinereum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 285 (1866)
= Galium pseudomollugo Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 464 (1961)
= Galium pseudorubioides Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 32 (1853)
= Galium pubescens Schrad. ex Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 210 (1831), nom. inval.
= Galium rubioides var. pseudorubioides (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium scabrum With.; Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 190 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium splendens Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 17 (1819)
= Galium tyrolense Willd.; Enum. Pl.: 153 (1809)
= Galium virgultorum Lamotte; Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 2: 360 (1881)
= Galium viridulum Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 79 (1852)
= Galium vulgare Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 483 (1821)
= Galium vulgare var. scabrum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 483 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. paulianum (F.W.Schultz) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 20 (1903)
= Rubia mollugo (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 372 (1880)
species :
Galium monachinii Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 2(10): 67 (1849)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; East Aegaean Isl. (Karpathos)
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
species :
Galium monasterium Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 98 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sacrorum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 101 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
species :
Galium monticola Sond.; Harv. et al., Fl. Cap. 3: 36 (1865)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium montis-arerae Merxm. & Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 104: 228 (1957)
Distribution: N-Italy (Alpi Bergamasche)
13 ITA
Remarks: lucidum agg.
species :
Galium moralesianum Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143(2): 178 (2003)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium boissieranum subsp. moralesianum (Ortega Oliv. & Devesa) Agulló, M.A.Alonso, Juan, J.L.Villar & M.B.Crespo; Lazaroa 31: 160 (2010)
species :
Galium moranii Dempster; Brittonia 22: 190 (1970)
subspecies :
subsp. moranii
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
subspecies :
subsp. aculeolatum (Dempster) Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 19 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aculeolatum Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 27 (1973)
species :
Galium morii Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 7: 32 (1918)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sigeyosii Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 33: 620 (1943)
species :
Galium mucroniferum Sond.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 3: 37 (1865)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mucronatum E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 37 (1865), nom. illeg.
variant :
var. dregeanum (Sond.) Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 260 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dregeanum Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 38 (1865)
species :
Galium muelleri (K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 328 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium muelleri K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 406 (1889)
species :
Galium multiflorum Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 97, f. 27 (1863)
Name: Shrubby bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Nevada)
71 CDN 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bloomeri A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 538 (1865)
= Galium bloomeri var. hirsutum A.Gray; Bot. California 1: 285 (1876)
= Galium matthewsii var. scabridum Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif.: 963 (1925)
= Galium multiflorum f. hirsutum (A.Gray) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 10 (1956)
= Galium multiflorum subsp. hirsutum (A.Gray) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 10 (1956)
= Galium multiflorum var. hirsutum (A.Gray) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 1(2): 40 (1884)
species :
Galium munzii Hilend & Howell; Leafl. West. Bot. 1: 135 (1934)
subspecies :
subsp. munzii
Name: Munz´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. ambivalens Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 309 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Utah)
76 USA
species :
Galium murale (L.) All.; Auct. Syn. Stirp. Horti Taur.: 8 (1773)
Name: Yellow wall bedstraw (EN); Mauer-Labkraut (DE); Raspilla menuda (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); San Marino; Croatia; Albania; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (N-Egypt); Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Graciosa, Pico, Faial); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Ilhas Desertas, Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl.; Somalia; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran; Afghanistan (Badghys); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Palestine; Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I], Tasmania [I]); New Zealand [I]; USA [I] (California [I]); Chile [I] (Coquimbo [I], Valparaíso [I], Metropolitana de Santiago [I], O´Higgins [I], Maule [I], Biobío [I])
11 ger 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB CRO GRC ITA KRI PEL PTL SIC SMA TUE 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 24 SOM 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB PAL SIN SYR TUR 50 aus 51 nzl 76 usa 85 cle
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparinanthus muralis (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparine minima All. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 610 (1830)
= Aspera nutans Moench; Methodus: 641 (1794), nom. superfl.
= Galium apsheronicum Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URS. S 23: 710 (1958)
= Galium calvipes Pau; Trab. Mus. Nac. Ci. Nat., ser. Bot. 14: 36 (1918)
= Galium filiforme (Aiton) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 252 (1818)
= Galium fragile Pourr. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 610 (1830)
= Galium minimum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 262 (1818), nom. superfl.
= Galium murale f. hispidulum H.Lindb.; Öfvers. Finska Vetensk.-Soc. Förh. 48(13): 102 (1906)
= Galium murale f. laeve H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 145 (1932)
= Galium murale f. villosum Gand.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 138 (1900)
= Galium murale var. balearicum Sennen; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 27: 182 (1929)
= Galium murale var. laxum Lange; Overs. Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Forh. Medlemmers Arbeider 1893: 195 (1893)
= Galium murale var. troodi H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 2(7): 32 (1946)
= Sherardia muralis L.; Sp. Pl. 103 (1753)
= Valantia filiformis Aiton; Hort. Kew. 3: 428 (1789)
= Valantia rupestris Lam.; Fl. Franç. 3: 384 (1779)
species :
Galium muricatum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 56 (1900)
Name: Humboldt bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chartaceum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 56 (1900)
species :
Galium nabelekii Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 302 (1977)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (N-Iran)
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium handelii Nab.; (1923) (nom. illeg., p. p.)
species :
Galium nakaii Kudô; Jap. J. Bot. 2: 277 (1925), nomen, H. Hara in J. Jap. Bot. 9: 517(1933), descr.
Distribution: Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu)
38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium miyabei Koidz. ex H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 9: 517 (1933), pro syn.
species :
Galium nanhumontanum S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 23 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium nankotaizanum Ohwi; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 36: 56 (1934)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium maborasense Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 219 (1939)
species :
Galium nepalense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 82 (1987)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Galium nevadense Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov. 3(2): 115 (1856)
Distribution: S-Spain (mountains); ?Morocco
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollugo var. nevadense (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 713 (1934)
= Galium nevadense var. vestitum Pau; Bol. Soc. Aragonesa Ci. Nat. 8: 120 (1909)
= Galium sylvestre var. nevadense (Boiss. & Reut.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
species :
Galium nigdeense Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 101 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium nigricans Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 48 (1843)
Distribution: ?Greece; Egypt; Turkey (E-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Syria; Palestine
20 EGY 34 IRN IRQ PAL SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium syriacum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 47 (1843)
= Galium aleppicum Boiss.; Diagn., ser. 1, 3: 50 (1843)
= Galium vulcanicum Boiss. & Hohen.; Diagn., ser. 1, 10: 70 (1843)
species :
Galium nigroramosum (Ehrend.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 300 (1990)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Tarija); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Amambay, Caazapa, Itapua, San Pedro); Uruguay (Durazno); Argentina (Catamarca, Corrientes, Misiones, Tucuman)
83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium nigroramosum Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 529 (1955)
species :
Galium noli-tangere Ball; J. Bot. 11: 335 (1873)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
species :
Galium noricum Ehrend.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 100: 672 (1953)
Name: Norisches Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria; NE-Italy; S-Slovenia
11 AUT GER 13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
species :
Galium normanii Dahl; Skr. Vid.-Selsk. Kristiania (1914): 136 (1915)
Name: Isländisches Labkraut
Distribution: Iceland; W-Norway
10 ICE NOR
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium normanii var. islandicum (Sterner ex Hyl.) Á.Löve; Taxon 19: 301 (1970), nom. inval.
= Galium pumilum subsp. islandicum Sterner; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 213 (1944), nom. inval.
= Galium pumilum subsp. normanii (Dahl) Nordh.; Norsk Fl. (Oslo): 609 (1940)
= Galium sylvestre var. chlorananthum Norman; Arch. Math. Naturvid. 8: 69 (1883)
species :
Galium novoguineense Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 62: 493 (1929)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
species :
Galium noxium (A.St.-Hil.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 292 (1990)
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz); NE-Brazil (Bahia); WC-Brazil (Goiás); SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Espirito Santo, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu, Canindeyu, Central, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones, Paraguari, Pres. Hayes, San Pedro); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Florida Prov., Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rio Negro, Rivera, Rocha, Salto, San Jose); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chaco, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Formosa, Misiones)
83 BOL PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium noxium subsp. valantioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 295 (1990)
= Galium paratyense Vell.; Fl. Flum. 1: 43 (1825)
= Relbunium asperum (Pohl ex DC.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 111 (1888)
= Relbunium diffusum (Pohl ex DC.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 111 (1888)
= Relbunium diffusum var. glabrum K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 111 (1889)
= Relbunium hypocarpium f. denticulata Chodat & Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. 11 4: 192 (1904)
= Relbunium noxium (A.St.-Hil.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 110 (1889)
= Relbunium noxium var. pilcomayense Hassl.; Trab. Mus. Farm Fac. Ci. Med. Buenos Aires 21: 119 (1909)
= Relbunium valantioides (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 115 (1889)
= Rubia aspera Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 592 (1830)
= Rubia diffusa Pohl ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 592 (1830)
= Rubia noxia A.St.-Hil.; Hist. Pl. Remarq. Brésil: 229 (1824)
= Rubia valantioides Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 231 (1828)
species :
Galium numidicum Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 293 (1875)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Galium nupercreatum Popov; Trudy Prikl. Bot. Selekts. 17(1): 278 (1927)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; S-Iran; Afghanistan (Samangan)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN
species :
Galium nuttallii A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 80 (1852)
subspecies :
subsp. nuttallii
Name: Climbing bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium suffruticosum Nutt.; J. Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 21 (1841), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. insulare Ferris; Contrib. Dudley Herb. 4: 338 (1955)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium obliquum Vill.; Prosp. Pl. Dauph. 19 (1779)
subspecies :
subsp. obliquum
Distribution: France; Italy (Cévennes, Jura, SW-Alps, Appennini)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: rubrum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium alpicola Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 131 (1846)
= Galium brachypodum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 130 (1846)
= Galium corsicum subsp. brachypodum (Jord.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital. (1882)
= Galium corsicum Tausch; Flora 14: 221 (1831), nom. illeg.
= Galium gracilentum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 126 (1846)
= Galium jordanii subsp. gracilentum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium laetum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 133 (1846)
= Galium leucophaeum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 28 (1850)
= Galium luteolum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 128 (1846)
= Galium mucronatum Lam.; Encycl. 2: 581 (1788)
= Galium myrianthum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 126 (1846)
= Galium myrianthum var. rubriflorum St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 390 (1889)
= Galium obliquum subsp. prostii (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum subvar. myrianthum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. alpicola (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. brachypodum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. leucophaeum (Gren. & Godr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. luteolum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium obliquum var. pseudomyrianthum (Gennari) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium obliquum var. rubriflorum Cariot & St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., ed. 8, 2: 390 (1889)
= Galium obliquum var. tomophyllum (Gand.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium pallens Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 77 (1799)
= Galium prostii Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 123 (1846)
= Galium pseudomyrianthum Gennari; Mem. Reale Accad. Sci. Torino, II 17: 466 (1858)
= Galium rubidum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 121 (1846)
= Galium rubrum subsp. mucronatum (Lam.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 329 (1879)
= Galium rubrum subsp. obliquum (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 26 (1903)
= Galium rubrum subsp. prostii (Jord.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 36 (1922)
= Galium rubrum subsp. rubidum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 329 (1879)
= Galium rubrum subvar. rubriflorum (Cariot & St.-Lag.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 27 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. alpicola (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. brachypodum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. gracilentum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. laetum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. leucophaeum (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. luteolum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. myrianthum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 27 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. rubidum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 27 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. rubriflorum Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 142 (1915)
= Galium tomophyllum Gand.; Fl. Lyon.: 114 (1875)
subspecies :
subsp. neoluteolum Arrigoni; Fl. Analítica Toscana 6: 354 (2019)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
species :
Galium obovatum Kunth; Nov. Gen. Sp. 3: 336 (1819)
Distribution: ?Honduras; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Quindío, Valle); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lappaceum Ruiz & Pav.; Fl. Peruv. 1: 59 (1798)
= Galium rotundifolium var. uncinulatum Kuntze; Rev. Gen. Pl. 3: 120 (1898)
species :
Galium obtusum Bigelow; Fl. Bost. ed. II. 55 (1824)
subspecies :
subsp. obtusum
Name: Bluntleaf bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium trifidum var. latifolium Torr.; Fl. N. Middle United States 1: 165 (1824)
= Galium obtusum var. ramosum Gleason; Phytologia 4: 24 (1952)
subspecies :
subsp. filifolium (Wiegand) Puff; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 104(3): 207 (1977)
Name: Bluntleaf bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, New Jersey, South Carolina, Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium filifolium (Wiegand ) Small; Man. Southeast. Fl. 1268 (1933)
= Galium obtusum var. filifolium (Wiegand) Fernald; Rhodora 37: 443 (1935)
= Galium tinctorium var. filifolium Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 397 (1897)
species :
Galium octonarium (Klokov) Pobed.; Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Leningrad) 7: 278 (1971)
Distribution: ?Poland; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan
13 BUL ROM TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula octonaria Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 229 (1957)
= Asperula tomentella Dubovik; Ukrayin. Bot. Zhurn. 21: No. 2. 93 (1964)
= Galium dubovicii Ostapko; Konspekt Fl. Yugo-Vost. Ukrainy 130 (1985), nom. nov. for Asperula tomentella Dubovik
species :
Galium odoratum (L.) Scop.; Fl. Carn. ed. 2, 1: 105 (1771)
Name: Waldmeister (DE), Sweetscented bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl. [I]; Corsica; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Algeria; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, W-Iran); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Shandong, Sichuan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Pakistan (Kurram); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I], Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Colorado [I], Delaware [I], Georgia [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], North Carolina [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], Virginia [I], Washington State [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO cis COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 PAK 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 75 usa 78 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula eugeniae K.Richt.; Abh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 219 (1888)
= Asperula matrisylva Gilib.; Exerc. Bot.: 5 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Asperula odora Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 57 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Asperula odorata f. latifolia (T.Marsson) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 212 (1922)
= Asperula odorata L.; Sp. Pl. 103 (1753)
= Asperula odorata var. latifolia T.Marsson; 217 (1869)
= Asperula odorata var. trifida Sennen; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1928: no. 6580 (1929)
= Asterophyllum asperula K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn. Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829), nom. illeg.
= Asterophyllum sylvaticum K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn. Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)in obs.
= Chlorostemma odoratum (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 398 (1868)
= Galium matrisylva F.H.Wigg.; Prim. Fl. Holsat.: 13 (1780), nom. superfl.
= Galium odoratum var. eugeniae (K.Richt.) Ehrend.; E. Janch., Fl. Wien, Niederost. & Nordburg., ed. 2: 470 (1977), without basionym ref.
species :
Galium oelandicum (Sterner & Hyl.) Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 418 (1960)
Distribution: Sweden (Øland)
10 SWE
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pumilum subsp. oelandicum Sterner & Hyl.; Acta Horti Gothob. 15: 212 (1944)
= Galium sylvestre var. laeve Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 3: 36 (1838)
species :
Galium olgae Klokov; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. (Kiew), 1974: 107 (1974)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
species :
Galium olivetorum Le Houér.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 57: 105 (1960)
Distribution: Tunisia
20 TUN
species :
Galium olympicum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 41 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (NW-Anatolia: Bithynia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pyrenaicum Sm.; Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 92 (1806), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium ophiolithicum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 104 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
species :
Galium oreganum Britton; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 31 (1894)
Name: Oregon bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kamtschaticum subsp. oreganum (Britton) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 526 (1906)
= Galium kamtschaticum var. oreganum (Britton) Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 526 (1906)
species :
Galium oreophilum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 94 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: North Macedonia; ?Albania; Greece
13 GRC NMA
species :
Galium oresbium Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 462 (1898)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
species :
Galium orizabense Hemsl.; Diag. Pl. Nov. 54 (1878)
subspecies :
subsp. orizabense
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas, Veracruz); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Valle); Venezuela (Barinas, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida)
79 MEX 80 COS GUA PAN 82 CLM VEN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium uncinulatum var. nanum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 459 (1898)
subspecies :
subsp. laevicaule (Weath. & Blake) Dempster; Allertonia 2(8): 411 (1981)
Name: Bald bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pilosum var. laevicaule Weath. & Blake; Rhodora 18: 194 (1916)
species :
Galium oshtenicum Ehrend. & Schanzer ex Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 72 (1992)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus (Krasnodar)
33 NCS
species :
Galium ossirwaense K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 159 (1909)
Distribution: Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Mozambique
25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MOZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollicomum Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 498 (1932)
= Galium mollicomum var. friesiorum Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 498 (1932)
variant :
var. glabrum Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30(3): 474 (1975)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Galium ostenianum (Standl.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 330 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul); Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Treinta y Tres)
84 BRA 85 URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium ostenianum Standl.; Ostenia 120 (1923)
species :
Galium ovalleanum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 734 (1894)
Distribution: Chile (Coquimbo)
85 CLE
species :
Galium ovitdaghense Daskin; Nordic J. Bot. 36(1-2)-e01597: 2 (2017)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium pabulosum Sommier & Levier; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 2: 31 (1894)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
species :
Galium palaeoitalicum Ehrend.; Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 68: 271 (1974)
Distribution: Italy (Mte. Pollino, Alpi Apuane)
13 ITA
species :
Galium palustre L.; Sp. Pl. 105 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. palustre
Name: Sumpf-Labkraut (DE), Common marsh bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; ?Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; ?Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Azores (Sao Miguel Isl., Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl.); Siberia (Altai, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka [I]); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia); New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Canada (Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Argentina [I]
10 DEN FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SRB TUE 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR 21 AZO 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ TKM 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR 51 ctm nzl 70 CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA 85 arg
Remarks: palustre agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium diffusum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 7 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium fontinale K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 469 (1851)
= Galium glomeratum Vill. ex Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 216 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Galium incarnatum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 8 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium masferreri Sennen; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 27: 177 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Galium montanum With.; Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 187 (1796), nom. illeg.
= Galium palustre f. caespitosum Neuman; 107 (1901)
= Galium palustre f. humifusum (Reut.) E.Baumann; 455 (1911)
= Galium palustre f. rupicola (Desm.) Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1911: 60 (1911)
= Galium palustre f. submersum Glück; Biol. Morphol. Untersuch. Wasser- Sumpfgewächse 3: 29 (1911)
= Galium palustre subsp. caespitosum (Neuman) Oberd.; 342 (1949)
= Galium palustre subsp. tetraploideum A.R.Clapham; J. do Amaral Franco, Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 565 (1984)
= Galium palustre var. balticum Apelgren; Nordic J. Bot. 10(6): 588 (1991)
= Galium palustre var. bertolonii Uechtr.; 439 (1822)
= Galium palustre var. brachyphyllum Opiz; Bercht. & Opiz, Oekon.-Techn. Fl. Böhm. 2: 66 (1838)
= Galium palustre var. humifusum Reut.; Cat. Pl. Vasc. Genèv., ed. 2: 31 (1861)
= Galium palustre var. leiogonum Láng; Soc. Regia Bot. Ratisbon., 187 (1824)
= Galium palustre var. lineare Uechtr.; 440 (1822)
= Galium palustre var. majus Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 280 (1866)
= Galium palustre var. maximum Heinr.Braun; A. J. R. Kerner von Marilaun, Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. 6: 77 (1893)
= Galium palustre var. morisianum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 43 (1903)
= Galium palustre var. pubescens Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl.: 73 (1820)
= Galium palustre var. rupicola Des Moul.; Cat. Rais. Pl. Dordogne: 77 (1840)
= Galium palustre var. umbrosum Asch.; Fl. Brandenburg 1: 276 (1860)
= Galium palustre var. witheringii (Sm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879), isonym
= Galium palustre var. witheringii (Sm.) Syme; 222 (1865)
= Galium reuteri W.Koch; 31 (1926)
= Galium reuteri f. submersum W.Koch; 39 (1926), nom. inval.
= Galium rumelicum Formánek; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 36: 70 (1898)
= Galium rupicola (Desm.) Boreau; Fl. Centre France, ed. 3, 2: 306 (1857)
= Galium vayredae Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 652 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Galium witheringii Sm.; Fl. Brit.: 174 (1800)
= Rubia palustris (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 873 (1880)
subspecies :
subsp. tetraploideum A.R.Clapham ex Franco; Nova Fl. Portugal 2: 74, 565 (1984)
Distribution: England; Germany; Switzerland; Portugal; Spain; France; etc.
10 GRB 11 GER SWI 12 FRA POR SPA
Remarks: separated from G. palustre (2n: 24) on cytological basis (2n: 48)
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium tetraploideum (A.R.Clapham ex Franco) G.H.Loos; Jahrb. Bochum. Bot. Vereins (2010)
species :
Galium pamiroalaicum Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 718 (1958)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Uzbekistan
32 KGZ TZK UZB
species :
Galium pamphylicum Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 10: 69 (1849)
Distribution: Turkey (SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium paniculatum (Bunge) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 277 (1970 publ. 1971)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk); Kazakhstan; China (Xinjiang)
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula paniculata Bunge; Ledeb., Fl. Altaic. 1: 140 (1829)
= Galium filicaule Willd. ex Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 658 (1840), nom. superfl.
= Galium xinjiangense W.C.Chen; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28(4): 304-305, f. 2 (1990)
species :
Galium papilliferum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 253 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium papillosum Lapeyr.; Hist. Abr. Pyr. 66 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. papillosum
Distribution: N-Portugal; N-Spain; SW-France
12 FRA POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asturiocantabricum Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 409 (1960)
= Galium commune var. nouletianum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commune var. papillosum (Lapeyr.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium hirsutum Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl.: 25 (1818), nom. illeg.
= Galium langei (Cout.) P.Silva; Agron. Lusit. 34: 194 (1972 publ. 1973), nom. illeg.
= Galium nouletianum Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.; Mem. Acad. Toul., ser. V. 6: 233 (1862)
= Galium papillosum var. hirsutum Clos; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse 1: 237 (1857)
= Galium papillosum var. hirsutum Lapeyr. ex Clos; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, sér. 5, 1: 237 (1857)
= Galium papillosum var. nouletianum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium pumilum subsp. papillosum (Lapeyr.) O.Bolòs; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 4: 272 (1954), nom. inval.
= Galium pumilum subsp. rivulare (Boiss. & Reut.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Fl. Països Catalans 3: 571 (1996)
= Galium rivulare Boiss. & Reut.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Nov. Hisp.: 15 (1842)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. papillosum (Lapeyr.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 141 (1894)
= Galium uliginosum subsp. langei Cout.; Not. Fl. Port. 7: 7 (1930)
= Galium umbellatum var. nouletianum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 142 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum var. papillosum (Lapeyr.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 142 (1902)
subspecies :
subsp. helodes (Hoffmanns. & Link) Malag. ex Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 28: 207 (2003)
Distribution: Portugal; NW-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium helodes Hoffmanns. & Link; Fl. Port. 2: 47 (1820 publ. 1824)
= Galium helodes var. asperrimum Merino; Brotéria, Sér. Bot. 14: 167 (1916)
= Galium pumilum var. helodes (Hoffmanns. & Link) P.Monts.; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 5: 646 (1958), nom. inval.
= Galium uliginosum var. helodes (Hoffmanns. & Link) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
species :
Galium papuanum Wernham; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 79 (1916)
Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
species :
Galium parishii Hilend & Howell; Leafl. West. Bot. 1: 136 (1934)
Name: Parish´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium multiflorum var. parvifolium Parish; Zoe 5: 75 (1900)
= Galium parvifolium (Parish) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif.: 963 (1925), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium parisiense L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Pariser Labkraut (DE); Wall bedstraw (EN); Raspilla de Paris (ES)
Distribution: England; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, +Hessen, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen [I], Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, +Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, +Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Slovakia; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Lithuania; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (SE-Egypt); Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau, Ilha de Sao Tiago, Fogo Isl., Ilha Brava); East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, Jbel Druze); Canada [I] (British Columbia [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Oregon [I], Washington State [I]); Chile [I] (Metropolitana de Santiago [I])
10 GRB 11 AUT BGM GER HUN SLO SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV sma SRB TUE 14 LIT 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY CVI MDR 34 CYP EAI LEB SYR TUR 71 cdn 73 usa 76 usa 85 cle
Remarks: parisiense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine parisiensis (L.) Hill; Herb. Brit. 2: 150 (1770)
= Aparinella decipiens (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparinella litigiosa (DC.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparinella parisiensis (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparinella ruricola (Jord.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Galium anglicum subsp. decipiens (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium anglicum subsp. parisiense (L.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Galium anglicum subsp. tenellum (Jord.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 43 (1922)
= Galium anglicum var. chamaeaparine (Willk. & Costa) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium anglicum var. hispidum St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 369 (1889)
= Galium anglicum var. litigiosum (DC.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 331 (1837)
= Galium anglicum var. parisiense (L.) Macreight; 113 (1837), nom. illeg.
= Galium anglicum var. ruricola (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium anglicum var. ruricola (Jord.) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 369 (1889)
= Galium axillare C.Presl ex Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 178 (1827)
= Galium chamaeaparina Willk. & Costa; Linnaea 30: 102 (1859 publ. 1860)
= Galium decipiens Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 178 (1846)
= Galium decipiens var. depauperatum Rouy; Rev. Sci. Nat. (Montpellier), sér. 3, 2: 564 (1883), nom. superfl.
= Galium divaricatum var. adscendens Tausch; 353 (1835)
= Galium divaricatum var. erectum Tausch; 353 (1835)
= Galium divaricatum var. tenellum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 277 (1884)
= Galium gracile var. echinospermum Wallr.; 177 (1840)
= Galium gracile var. leiospermum Wallr.; 177 (1840)
= Galium gracile var. parisiense (L.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg.: 56 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium gracile var. trachyspermum Wallr.; 177 (1840)
= Galium gracile Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 57 (1822), non C. Presl 1819
= Galium intricatulum Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Genève 11-12: 192 (1908)
= Galium intricatum Lowe; Man. Fl. Madeira 1: 398 (1868), nom. superfl.
= Galium litigiosum DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç. 4: 263 (1805)
= Galium litigiosum var. nanum DC.; Prodr. 4: 609 (1830)
= Galium microspermum Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 130 (1798)
= Galium minutiflorum Brot.; Fl. Lusit. 1: 151 (1804)
= Galium parisiense proles decipiens Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 47 (1903)
= Galium parisiense f. decipiens (Fourr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 47 (1903)
= Galium parisiense subsp. decipiens (Fourr.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 31: 53 (1884)
= Galium parisiense subsp. litigiosum (DC.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 438 (1828)
= Galium parisiense subsp. litigiosum (DC.) Gremli; 219 (1874), isonym
= Galium parisiense subsp. tenellum (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 48 (1903)
= Galium parisiense subvar. litigiosum DC. ex Bég.; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Italia 3: 115 (1903)
= Galium parisiense var. asterolinoides Murr; 134 (1899)
= Galium parisiense var. decipiens (Fourr.) Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 400 (1890)
= Galium parisiense var. diffusum Moritzi; 87 (1832)
= Galium parisiense var. gracile (Wallr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 46 (1903)
= Galium parisiense var. lasiocarpum Moris; Fl. Sardoa 2: 303 (1842)
= Galium parisiense var. lasiocarpum Reut.; M. Willk. & J. M. C. Lange, Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 324 (1868)
= Galium parisiense var. leucocarpum Wender.; 36 (1846)
= Galium parisiense var. litigiosum (DC.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Galium parisiense var. parvifolium Moritzi; 87 (1832)
= Galium parisiense var. ruricola (Jord.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 47 (1903)
= Galium parisiense var. tenellum (Jord.) Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 164 (1915)
= Galium parisiense var. vestitum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 42 (1850), nom. inval.
= Galium parisiense var. willkommianum Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 354 (1886)
= Galium parviflorum Moench; Methodus: 486 (1794)
= Galium perpusillum Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montauban: 43 (1789)
= Galium rubrum Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 1: 155 (1776), nom. illeg.
= Galium ruricola Jord.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Lyon, Sect. Sci. 1: 81 (1852)
= Galium spurium All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur.: 5 (1773), nom. illeg.
= Galium tenellum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 180 (1846)
= Galium tenerum Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 128 (1805)
= Galium willkommianum Batt.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 33: 354 (1886), pro syn.
variant :
var. leiocarpum Tausch; Flora 18: 354 (1835)
Distribution: quite frequent in most of the area of the species
Remarks: sometimes treated as bona sp. (G. anglicum)
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium anglicum Huds.; Fl. Angl., ed. 2: 69 (1778)
= Galium anglicum var. leiocarpum (Tausch) Tausch; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 18: 354 (1860)
= Galium gracile var. anglicum (Huds.) Dumort.; Fl. Belg.: 56 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium parisiense subsp. anglicum (Huds.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 438 (1828)
= Galium parisiense subsp. anglicum (Huds.) Gremli; 219 (1874), isonym
= Galium parisiense subsp. anglicum (Huds.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 47 (1903), isonym
= Galium parisiense var. anglicum (Huds.) Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2: 1122 (1893)
= Galium parisiense var. anglicum (Huds.) Garcke; 216 (1848)
= Galium parisiense var. anglicum (Huds.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Galium parisiense var. nudum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 42 (1850), nom. superfl.
= Galium parisiense var. trichocarpum Tausch; 354 (1835), nom. inval.
= Galium scabrum Spreng.; Fl. Hal.: 52 (1832), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium parvulum Hub.-Mor. ex Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 257 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium paschale Forssk.; Fl. Aeg.-Arab. 203 (1775)
Distribution: SE-Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL GRC TUE 34 TUR
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula longifolia Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 87 (1806)
= Galium bulgaricum Velen.; Fl. Bulg. 231 (1891)
= Galium effusum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 35 (1843)
= Galium longifolium (Sm.) Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 157 (1844)
species :
Galium pastorale Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 139 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.
34 EAI
species :
Galium peloponnesiacum Ehrend. & Krendl; Bot. Jour. Linn. Soc. 68: 271 (1974)
Distribution: S-Greece (Peloponnisos); Crete
13 GRC KRI
Remarks: incurvum agg.
species :
Galium penduliflorum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 46 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium pendulum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 41: 249 (1905)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Galium penicillatum Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 10: 68 (1849)
Distribution: Egypt (NE-Egypt); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai)
20 EGY 34 SIN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nigricans var. brachychaetum Boiss.; Fl. 3: 74 (1875)
species :
Galium pennellii Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 73: 31 (1978)
Distribution: Mexico (Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi, Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Galium peplidifolium Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 46 (1843)
Distribution: Crete; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria)
13 KRI 34 CYP EAI LEB SYR TUR
species :
Galium perralderii Coss.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 9: 172 (1862)
Distribution: Algeria
20 ALG
species :
Galium peruvianum Dempster & Ehrend.; Allertonia 2(8): 404 (1981)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
species :
Galium pestalozzae Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 10: 65 (1849)
Distribution: Lebanon (C-Lebanon)
34 LEB
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium grandiflorum Ehrenb. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 52 (1875)
species :
Galium petrae Oliv. ex Hart; Trans. Roy. Irish Acad. 28: 433 (1885)
Distribution: Palestine
34 PAL
species :
Galium philippianum Dempster; Allertonia 2: 266 (1980)
Distribution: Peru; Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins)
83 PER 85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium dasycarpon Kunze ex Walp.; Nov. Actorum Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol. Nat. Cur. 19(Suppl. 1): 357 (1843), nom. nud.
species :
Galium philippinense Merr.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1: Suppl. 238 (1906)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
species :
Galium philistaeum Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 10: 71 (1849)
Distribution: Israel (coastal W-Israel, C-Israel)
34 ISR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium philistaeum f. calvescens Feinbrun; Israel J. Bot., 25 (1-2): 81 (1976)
species :
Galium pierredmondii Blanca, Cueto, J.Fuentes & Ortega Oliv.; Phytotaxa 487(3): 255 (2021), nom. nov.
Distribution: S- & SC-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula asperrima Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 56 (1838)
= Asperula asperrima var. eriocarpa (Boiss.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 334 (1879)
= Asperula asperrima var. hirsuta Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne: 281 (1840)
= Asperula eriocarpa Boiss.; Elench. Pl. Nov.: 57 (1838)
species :
Galium pilosissimum (Cufod.) R.Bhattacharjee; Fl. Pl. India Annot. Checkl. 1: 657 (2020)
Distribution: India (Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu)
40 IND
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperifolium var. pilosissimum Cufod.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 240 (1940)
species :
Galium pilosum Aiton; Hort. Kew. ed. I. 1: 145 (1789)
Name: Hairy bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia); Dominican Republic; Haiti
72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium puncticulosum var. pilosum (Aiton) DC.; Prodr. 4: 601 (1830), nom. illeg.
variant :
var. puncticulosum (Michx.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 24 (1841)
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, West Virginia)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium punctatum Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 128 (1805)
= Galium puncticulosum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 80 (1803)
= Galium purpureum Walter; Fl. Carol.: 87 (1788), nom. illeg.
= Galium walteri J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat.: 237 (1791)
species :
Galium pisiferum Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 10: 67 (1849)
Distribution: Cyprus (E-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (NW-Syria); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel)
34 CYP ISR LEB SYR
species :
Galium platygalium (Maxim.) Pobed.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 7: 277 (1970 publ. 1971)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Shanxi); North Korea; South Korea
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula platygalium Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 19: 284 (1874)
= Asperula platygalium var. alpina Kitag.; Neolin. Fl. Manshur.: 585 (1979)
= Rubia gracilis Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 111 (1867)
species :
Galium plumosum Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 3(3): 49 (1893)
subspecies :
subsp. plumosum
Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)
83 BOL PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium cochabambense Rusby; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 6: 52 (1896)
subspecies :
subsp. flossdorfii (Hicken) Dempster; Allertonia 2: 264 (1980)
Distribution: Argentina (Jujuy, La Rioja, Salta, Tucuman)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium flossdorfii Hicken; Darwiniana 1: 36 (1922)
species :
Galium pobedimovae Balde; Turczaninowia 15(2): 34 (2012)
Distribution: Siberia (Tuva)
30 SIB
species :
Galium poiretianum Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 484 (1878)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya
20 ALG LBY MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium jolyi Batt.; Contrib. Fl. Atlant. 42 (1919)
= Rubia laevis Poir.; Voy. Barbarie 2: 111 (1789), non Galium laeve Thuill. (1799)
species :
Galium pojarkovae Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 715 (1958)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Azerbaijan; Iran
32 TKM 33 AZE 34 IRN
species :
Galium polyacanthum (Baker) Puff; Pl. Syst. Evol., 140(1): 64 (1982)
Distribution: Madagascar
29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Anthospermum polyacanthum Baker; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 20: 171 (1884)
species :
Galium polyanthum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 89 (2009)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria)
50 AUS
species :
Galium porrigens Dempster; Madroño 22: 313 (1974)
Name: Graceful bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon); Mexico (Baja California Norte)
73 USA 76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nuttallii var. ovalifolium Dempster; Brittonia 10: 183 (1958)
= Galium nuttallii subsp. ovalifolium (Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 37 (1968)
variant :
var. tenue (Dempster) Dempster; Madroño 22: 313 (1974)
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nuttallii subsp. tenue (Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 37 (1968)
= Galium nuttallii var. tenue Dempster; Brittonia 10: 185 (1958)
species :
Galium praemontanum Mardal.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 263 (1985)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]
33 GEO
species :
Galium praetermissum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 32: 306 (1897)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Puebla)
79 MEX
species :
Galium prattii Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 244 (1940)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium pringlei Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 458 (1898)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon)
79 MEX
species :
Galium problematicum (Ehrend.) Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 207 (1991)
Distribution: C-Iran
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. problematicum Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 235 (1949)
species :
Galium procurrens Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124: 1 (1975)
Distribution: Montenegro; Albania; Bulgaria
13 ALB BUL MNT
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
species :
Galium productum Lowe; Trans. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 4: 29 (1831)
Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl.)
21 MDR
species :
Galium proliferum A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 2: 67 (1853)
Name: Limestone bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi, Sonora, Tamaulipas)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium proliferum var. subnudum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 461 (1898)
= Galium virgatum var. diffusum A.Gray; Smithson. Contrib. Knowl. 3(5): 80 (1852)
species :
Galium propinquum A.Cunn.; Ann. Nat. Hist. 2: 205 (1839)
Distribution: Australia (South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria); New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Ruapuke Isl.); Chatham Isl.
50 AUS 51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula fragrantissima Armstr.; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 14: 359 (1882)
= Galium erythrocaulon Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 16: 332 (1884)
= Galium propinquum var. elongatum Hook.f.; Fl. Nov.-Zel. 1: 113 (1852)
= Galium propinquum var. glabratum Hook.f.; Fl. Nov.-Zel. 1: 113 (1852)
= Galium propinquum var. hispidulum Hook.f.; Fl. Nov.-Zel. 1: 113 (1852)
= Galium umbrosum G.Forst. ex Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl. 1: 121 (1864), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium pruinosum Boiss.; Elenchus 57 (1838)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula glauca subsp. pruinosa (Boiss.) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 432 (1929)
species :
Galium pseudaristatum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transs. 282 (1866)
Distribution: Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Ukraine
13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC KOS NMA ROM SRB 14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aristatum subsp. papillosum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 325 (1879)
= Galium aristatum var. scabrum Griseb.; Spic. Fl. Rumel. 2: 157 (1844)
= Galium asperuliflorum Borbás; Fl. Comit. Temesiensis: 44 (1884)
= Galium heuffelii Borbás; Kozlem. Magyar Tudom. Akad. 12: 88 (1876)
= Galium heuffelii f. glabrum Urum.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 12: 218 (1913)
= Galium matteji (M.Bald.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 456 (1930)
= Galium oligotrichum Simonk.; Enum. Fl. Transsilv. 285 (1886)
= Galium papillosum Heuff.; Flora 40: 563 (1857), nom. superfl.
= Galium pseudoaristatum f. cernavskii Gajic; Sumarstvo 25(5-6): 24 (1972)
= Galium pseudoaristatum f. jovanovicii Gajic; Sumarstvo 25(5-6): 24 (1972)
= Galium pseudoaristatum var. angustifolium Gajic; Sumarstvo 25(5-6): 24 (1972)
= Galium pseudoaristatum var. heuffelii (Borbás) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 460 (1930)
= Galium pseudoaristatum var. scabrum (Griseb.) Hayek; Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 99: 94 (1924)
= Galium sylvaticum var. matteji M.Bald.; Malpighia 8: 180 (1894)
= Galium sylvaticum var. pseudoaristatum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
= Galium turcicum Velen.; Fl. Bulg.: 231 (1891)
species :
Galium pseudoasprellum Makino; Bot. Mag., Tokyo 17: 1 10 (1903)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu)
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asprellum var. fructohispidum Maxim.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 140 (1859)
= Galium asprellum var. lasiocarpum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 76 (1903)
= Galium dahuricum var. lasiocarpum (Makino) Nakai; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 31: 498 (1911)
= Galium dahuricum var. manshuricum (Kitag.) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 54(4): 105 (1979)
= Galium manshuricum Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Research Manchoukuo 4: 90 (1940)
= Galium pseudoasprellum var. bingoense Murata & Ezuka; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 43(2): 149 (1992)
= Galium pseudoasprellum var. manshuricum (Kitag.) H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 54(4): 105 (1979)
species :
Galium pseudocapitatum Hub.-Mor. ex Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Not. Roy. Bot. Gard. 37: 262, t. 3, f. c (1979)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (SW-Anatolia)
34 EAI TUR
species :
Galium pseudohelveticum Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 415 (1960)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy (SW-Alps)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: helveticum agg.
species :
Galium pseudokurdicum (Ehrend.) Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 304 (1977)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq); S-Iran; W-Iran
34 IRN IRQ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. pseudokurdicum Ehrend.; Rech.f., Ann. Naturh. Mus. Wien 56: 233 (1948)
species :
Galium pseudorivale Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 18: 255 (1981) [nom. nov.]
Distribution: S-European Russia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai); Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; N-Iran
14 KRY LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KGZ TZK UZB 33 ARM NCS 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula aparine M.Bieb.; Fl. Galic. 1: 114 (1808) non Galium aparine L.
= Galium rivale subsp. aparine (M.Bieb.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 77(10): 71 (1992)
= Galium uliginosum Pall. ex M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 102 (1808), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium pseudotriflorum Dempster & Ehrend.; Allertonia 2(8): 421 (1981)
Distribution: Costa Rica; Colombia (Cundinamarca, Magdalena); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (La Paz)
80 COS 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER
species :
Galium psilocladum Ehrend.; Fl. Iranica 176: 209 (2005)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); N-Iraq; W-Iran
34 IRN IRQ TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kotschyanum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 51 (1875), pro syn.
species :
Galium pterocarpum Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 389, f. 7c (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium pulvinatum Boiss.; Elenchus 57 (1838)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. de las Nieves, Sa. Blanca)
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium erythrorrhizon var. pulvinatum (Boiss.) Cuatrec.; Treb. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Sèr. Bot. 12: 436 (1929)
species :
Galium pumilio Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 298 (1929)
Distribution: Ecuador; Peru
83 ECU PER
species :
Galium pumilum Murray; Prodr. Stirp. Götting. 44 (1770)
Name: Heide-Labkraut, Niedriges Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: England; Denmark; Sweden [I]; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Estonia; Lithuania; Ukraine
10 DEN fin GRB swe 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 EST LIT UKR
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium anisophyllum var. falcatum Auersw. ex Wirtg.; 222 (1857)
= Galium argenteum Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 20 (1779)
= Galium asperum f. nitidulum (Thuill.) Werner Christ.; J. A. Christ. & al., 214 (1922)
= Galium asperum Schreb.; Spic. Fl. Lips.: 3 (1771)
= Galium asperum subsp. argenteum (Vill.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 876 (1938)
= Galium asperum subvar. commutatum (Jord.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 218 (1914)
= Galium asperum subvar. laeve (Thuill.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 218 (1914)
= Galium asperum subvar. nitidulum (Thuill.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 218 (1914)
= Galium asperum subvar. scabrifolium (Rchb.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 218 (1914)
= Galium asperum subvar. scabrum (Jacq.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 218 (1914)
= Galium asperum var. montanum (Vill.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 218 (1914)
= Galium asperum var. pubescens (Schrad.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 217 (1914)
= Galium bicolor Schleich.; Cat. Pl. Helv., ed. 4: 17 (1821)
= Galium bocconei DC.; Prodr. 4: 594 (1830), nom. illeg., non All.
= Galium bocconei var. nitidulum (Thuill.) Duby; Bot. Gall., ed. 2, 1: 249 (1828)
= Galium caespitosum Ramond; Ann. Sci. Nat.: 55 (1826)
= Galium chlorophyllum Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, sér. 5, 6: 235 (1862)
= Galium ciliatum Schrank; Prim. Fl. Salisb.: 51 (1792), nom. illeg.
= Galium commune subsp. argenteum (Vill.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 144 (1902)
= Galium commune subsp. umbellatum (Lam.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 141 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. asperum (Schreb.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 142 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. glabrum (Schreb.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 142 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. laeve (Thuill.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. nitidulum (Thuill.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commune subvar. rubriflorum (Gillot) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commune var. chlorophyllum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commune var. scabrifolium (Rchb.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commune var. thuillieri Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 143 (1902)
= Galium commutatum Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 3: 149 (1846)
= Galium decipiens Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 478 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Galium decipiens var. scabrum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 479 (1827)
= Galium elatum J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis].: 238 (1791), nom. illeg.
= Galium erectum Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. 3: 72 (1800), nom. illeg.
= Galium erectum var. scabridum DC.; Prodr. 4: 596 (1830), nom. superfl.
= Galium hirtellum (Gaudin) Dalla Torre & Sarnth.; Fl. Tirol 6(3): 381 (1912)
= Galium hispidum Schrad.; Spic. Fl. Germ.: 14 (1794)
= Galium hoffmannii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 658 (1840)
= Galium jussiaei Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées: 63 (1813)
= Galium laeve Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 77 (1799)
= Galium lucidum var. scabrum (Roth) Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs. 1: 209 (1831)
= Galium multicaule Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 53 (1822)
= Galium nitidulum Thuill.; Fl. Env. Paris, ed. 2: 76 (1799)
= Galium obscurum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 3: 86 (1852)
= Galium opacum Schur; Verh. Siebenb. Ver. Naturw. 3: 93 (1852)
= Galium podlachicum Besser; Prim. Fl. Galiciae Austriac. 2: 337 (1809)
= Galium pubescens Schleich. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 596 (1830), pro syn.
= Galium pumilum subsp. asperum (Schreb.) Dostál; Kvetena CSR: 1379 (1949)
= Galium pumilum subsp. caespitosum (Ramond) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 37 (1903)
= Galium pumilum var. caespitosum (Ramond) Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 595 (1830)
= Galium pumilum var. glabrum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 481 (1827)
= Galium pumilum var. hirsutum Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 481 (1827)
= Galium pumilum var. laeve (Thuill.) Ronniger; Janch. & H. Neumayer, 286 (1942)
= Galium pumilum var. laxius Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 795 (1823)
= Galium pumilum var. nitidulum (Thuill.) Ronniger; Janch. & H. Neumayer, 286 (1942)
= Galium pumilum var. pubescens (Schrad.) Schinz & Thell.; Schinz & Keller, Fl. Schweiz, ed. 3, 2: 372 (1914), nom. illeg.
= Galium pumilum var. scabrifolium (Rchb.) Braun-Blanq.; 289 (1933)
= Galium pusillum Sm.; Engl. Bot. 2: t. 74 (1793), nom. illeg.
= Galium pusillum subsp. argenteum (Vill.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 141 (1894)
= Galium pusillum var. glabrum (Schrad.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 5 (1814)
= Galium pusillum var. hirsutum Wallr.; 22 (1815)
= Galium pusillum var. hirtum (Wender.) Jess.; 85 (1879)
= Galium pusillum var. hispidum (Schrad.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 5 (1814)
= Galium pusillum var. pubescens (Schrad.) W.D.J.Koch & Ziz; 5 (1814)
= Galium pusillum var. sylvestre Wahlenb.; Fl. Suecica 1: 89 (1824)
= Galium scabridum Willk.; Flora 35: 541 (1852), nom. illeg.
= Galium scabrum Jacq.; Fl. Austriac. 5: 10 (1778), nom. illeg.
= Galium scabrum subsp. nitidulum (Thuill.) Oborny; Fl. Mähren 3: 737 (1885)
= Galium silvivagum Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.; Mém. Acad. Sci. Toulouse, sér. 5, 6: 239 (1862)
= Galium supinum Lam.; Fl. Franç. 3: 379 (1779)
= Galium supinum var. pubescens Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 90 (1836)
= Galium sylvestre f. hirtum (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Prahl; Krit. Fl. Prov. Schles.-Holst. 2: 115 (1890)
= Galium sylvestre Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 1: 151 (1776), nom. superfl.
= Galium sylvestre subsp. commutatum (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. nitidulum (Thuill.) Bonnier; Bonnier & R. C. V. Douin, 39 (1922)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. supinum (Lam.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 431 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre subsp. virens Moritzi; 89 (1832)
= Galium sylvestre var. alpinum Rchb.; XX (1833)
= Galium sylvestre var. argenteum (Vill.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. asperum (Schreb.) Bolzon; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s., 21: 202 (1914)
= Galium sylvestre var. chlorophyllum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. glabrum Schreb.; Spic. Fl. Lips.: 121 (1771)
= Galium sylvestre var. hirsutum Wirtg.; 86 (1842)
= Galium sylvestre var. hirtellum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 429 (1828)
= Galium sylvestre var. hirtum Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; J. C. Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 701 (1823)
= Galium sylvestre var. hispidum Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 209 (1831)
= Galium sylvestre var. laeve Coss. & Germ.; Fl. Descr. Anal. Paris, ed. 2: 446 (1861)
= Galium sylvestre var. montanum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. nitidulum (Thuill.) Crép.; Man. Fl. Belgique, ed. 2: 196 (1866), isonym
= Galium sylvestre var. nitidulum (Thuill.) Syme; 220 (1865)
= Galium sylvestre var. pubescens Schrad.; Spic. Fl. Germ.: 13 (1794)
= Galium sylvestre var. pubescens Schreb.; Spic. Fl. Lips.: 13 (1771)
= Galium sylvestre var. pumilum Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 1: 127 (1827)
= Galium sylvestre var. rubriflorum Gillot; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 41: 30 (1894)
= Galium sylvestre var. scabrifolium Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 209 (1831)
= Galium sylvestre var. scabrum (Roth) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. silvivagum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium sylvestre var. supinum (Lam.) Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; 792 (1823)
= Galium sylvestre var. vulgare Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 1: 126 (1827), nom. inval. Galium commune var. vulgare Rouy, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 142 (1902), nom. inval.
= Galium tenue subsp. jussiaei (Lapeyr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
= Galium tenue var. jussiaei (Lapeyr.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 36 (1850)
= Galium umbellatum Lam.; Encycl. 2: 579 (1788)
= Galium umbellatum subvar. asperum (Schreb.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum subvar. glabrum (Schreb.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum subvar. laeve (Thuill.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 142 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum subvar. nitidulum (Thuill.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 142 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum subvar. rubriflorum (Gillot) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 141 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum var. chlorophyllum (Baill. & Timb.-Lagr.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 142 (1902)
= Galium umbellatum var. scabrifolium (Rchb.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 142 (1902)
= Galium vestianum Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 164 (1827)
species :
Galium pusillosetosum H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 51:134, fig. 2 (1976)
Distribution: China (Nei Mongol, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Uttarakhand)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
species :
Galium pusillum L.; Sp. Pl. 106 (1753)
Distribution: Germany [I]; NE-Spain; Andorra; SE-France; NW-Italy
11 ger 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 ITA
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypnoides Vill.; Hist. Pl. Dauph. 2: 323 (1787)
= Galium jussiei Vill.; Prosp. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné: 20 (1779)
= Galium lucidum var. pubescens (Req. ex Guérin) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium pubescens Req. ex Guérin; Descr. Font. Vaucluse, ed. 2: 249 (1813)
= Galium pumilum proles hypnoides (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 37 (1903)
= Galium pumilum proles jussiaei (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 36 (1903)
= Galium pumilum f. hypnoides (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 37 (1903)
= Galium pumilum f. jussiei (Vill.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 36 (1903)
= Galium pumilum Lam.; Encycl. 2: 580 (1788), nom. illeg.
= Galium pumilum subsp. hypnoides (DC.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 873 (1938)
= Galium pumilum subsp. pusillum (L.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 37 (1903)
= Galium pumilum var. hirtellum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 433 (1828), nom. superfl.
= Galium pumilum var. hirtum Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 795 (1823)
= Galium pumilum var. hypnoides (Vill.) DC.; Prodr. 4: 595 (1830)
= Galium pumilum var. majus Mert. & W.D.J.Koch; Röhling, Deutschl. Fl., ed. 3, 1: 795 (1823)
= Galium pumilum var. pubescens (Req. ex Guérin) DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 6: 496 (1815)
= Galium pumilum var. rectum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 595 (1830)
= Galium pusillum subsp. hypnoides (DC.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 313 (1882)
= Galium pusillum subsp. hypnoides (Vill.) O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium pusillum var. hypnoides (Vill.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 36 (1850)
= Galium tenue var. hypnoides (Vill.) Cariot & St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., ed. 8, 2: 394 (1889)
= Galium tenue var. jussiaei (Vill.) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 394 (1889)
= Galium trichophyllum All.; Auct. Syn. Meth. Stirp. Hort. Regii Taur.: 1 (1773)
species :
Galium pyrenaicum Gouan; Obs. Bot. 5 (1773)
Distribution: SE- & N-Spain; Andorra; SW-France
12 ADO FRA SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium muscoides Lam.; Encycl. 2: 580 (1788)
= Galium pumilum subsp. pyrenaicum (Gouan) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 38 (1903)
= Galium pumilum subsp. pyrenaicum P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 873 (1938)
= Galium sadleri Friv. ex Hampe; Flora 20: 225 (1837)
species :
Galium qaradaghense Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 127: 303 (1977)
Distribution: Iraq (NE-Iraq)
34 IRQ
species :
Galium quichense Dempster; Phytologia 26: 12 (1973)
Distribution: Guatemala
80 GUA
species :
Galium radulifolium Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 251 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium ramboi Dempster; Allertonia 5: 328 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul)
84 BRA
species :
Galium rebae R.R.Mill; Edinburgh J. Bot. 53(2): 195 (1996)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Sikkim, Chumbi)
36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP
species :
Galium reiseri Halácsy; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 45., 338 (1895)
Distribution: Greece (N-Sporades)
13 GRC
species :
Galium rhodopeum Velen.; Sitz.-Ber. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. (Math.-Nat. Kl.) 1893(37): 32 (1893)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Greece; Turkey
13 BUL GRC KOS SRB 34 TUR
Remarks: incurvum agg.
species :
Galium richardianum (Hook. & Arn.) Endl. ex Walp.; Rep. Bot. Syst. 2: 459 (1843)
subspecies :
subsp. richardianum
Distribution: Peru; S-Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Caaguazu); Uruguay (Colonia, Montevideo); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Catamarca, Chaco, Chubut, Cordoba, Corrientes, Argentina Distrito Federal, Entre Rios, Jujuy, Mendoza, Misiones, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Salta, Santa Cruz, Santiago del Estero, Santa Fe, San Juan, Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman)
83 PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chaetophorum Griseb.; Abh. Königl. Ges. Wissensch. Göttingen 19: 160 (1874)
= Galium chaetophorum var. prostratum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898)
= Galium chaetophorum var. strictum Kuntze; Rev. Gen. Pl. 3: 119 (1898)
= Galium ciliatum var. richardianum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898)
= Galium patagonicum Kuntze; Rev. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 120 (1898)
= Relbunium chaetophorum (Griseb.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6). 114 (1889)
= Relbunium echinocarpum Hassl.; Bull. Herb. Boiss. II 7: 365 (1907)
= Relbunium patagonicum (Kuntze) K.Schum.; Just Jahresber. 26: 393 (1900)
= Relbunium richardianum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Hicken; Physis (Buenos Aires) 2: 117 (1916)
= Relbunium richardianum subsp. patagonicum (Kuntze) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 531 (1955)
= Relbunium tenuissimum K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 350 (1908)
= Rubia richardiana Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. haenkeanum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Dempster; Allertonia 3: 122 (1982)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza)
85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium haenkeanum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Endl. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 459 (1843)
= Rubia haenkeana Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
subspecies :
subsp. pusillum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 325 (1990)
Distribution: Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Tarija); Argentina (Catamarca, Cordoba, Jujuy, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, San Luis, Tucuman)
83 BOL 85 ARG
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ciliatum var. pusillum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(2): 119 (1898)
= Galium pusillum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Endl. ex Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. 2: 459 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Relbunium pusillum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 117 (1888)
= Relbunium richardianum subsp. pusillum (Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.) Ehrend.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 76: 531 (1955)
= Rubia pusilla Gillies ex Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
species :
Galium rigidifolium Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 124 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Greece
13 GRC NMA
Remarks: closely related to G. asparagifolium
species :
Galium rivale (Sibth. & Sm.) Griseb.; Spicil. Fl. Rumel. 2: 156 (1844)
Name: Bach-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (W-Siberia); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria); Israel (Rift Valley); Jordania (W-Jordania)
11 AUT CZE ger HUN POL SLO 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC KOS ROM SRB TUE 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 GEO 34 EAI ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula rivalis Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Prodr. Fl. Graec. 1: 87 (1806)
= Asperula rivalis var. schelkownikowianum Bordz.; Visn. Kyyivs´koho Bot. Sadu 12-13: 140 (1931)
= Galium chinense A.Spreng.; K. Spreng., Syst. Veg., Tent. Suppl.: 7 (1828)
= Galium schelkownikowianum (Bordz.) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 8: 176 (1973)
species :
Galium roddii Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 371 (1983)
Distribution: Australia (New South Wales)
50 AUS
species :
Galium rosellum (Boiss.) Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan.: 52 (1852)
Distribution: SE-Spain
12 SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sylvestre var. rosellum Boiss.; Voy. Bot. Espagne 2: 570 (1842)
species :
Galium rotundifolium L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Rundblättriges Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Denmark [I]; Norway [I]; Sweden; Netherlands [I]; Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen [I], Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland [I], Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; +Lithuania; Ukraine; Algeria; Cape Verde Isl. [I] (Fogo Isl. [I]); Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo] [I]; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (Talysh); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, W-Iran); Nepal; N-India; Bangladesh; Myanmar (Chin, Shan); Vietnam
10 den nor SWE 11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE net POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV sma SRB TUE 14 LIT UKR 20 ALG 21 cvi 23 bio 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 40 BAN IND NEP 41 MYA VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula laevigata var. rotundifolia (L.) J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. 2: 235 (1791)
= Galium decipiens Ehrh.; Beitr. Naturk. 5: 177 (1790), nom. superfl.
= Galium linckii J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis].: 240 (1791)
= Galium rotundifolium f. glabratum Bolzon; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1904: 31 (1904)
= Galium rotundifolium subsp. hirsutum (Ten.) Brullo, Scelsi & Spamp.; Veg. Aspromonte: 50 (2001)
= Galium rotundifolium var. batallae O.Bolòs & Vigo; Collect. Bot. (Barcelona) 14: 100 (1983)
= Galium rotundifolium var. decipiens Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium rotundifolium var. hirsutum Ten.
= Galium rotundifolium var. lanceolatum Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 283 (1891)
= Trichogalium rotundifolium (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 396 (1868)
species :
Galium rourkei Puff; J. S. African Bot. 49(3): 185 (1983)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium rubidiflorum Dempster; Allertonia 5: 302 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Paraná)
84 BRA
species :
Galium rubioides L.; Sp. Pl.: 105 (1753)
Name: Krapp-Labkraut (DE), European bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; Estonia [I]; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Amur, Primorye); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; Turkey; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Xinjiang); USA [I] (Pennsylvania [I])
11 AUT CZE ger HUN POL SLO swi 13 BUL CRO KOS SLV SRB 14 BLR est KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 TUR 36 CHI 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium articulatum Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1: 260 (1792)
= Galium articulatum var. pygmaeum (DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 331 (1879)
= Galium boreale subsp. exoletum (Klokov) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 150: 132, 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale subsp. mugodsharicum (Pobed.) Soják; Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 150: 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
= Galium boreale var. rubioides (L.) Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhm. 2: 281 (1871-72)
= Galium dasypodum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 461 (1961)
= Galium exoletum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 458 (1961)
= Galium geniculatum Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 215 (1818)
= Galium mugodsharicum Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 717 (1958)
= Galium nervosum var. rubioides (L.) Lam.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç. 6(Suppl.): 498 (1815)
= Galium physocarpum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 410 (1844)
= Galium praeboreale Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 459 (1961)
= Galium pygmaeum DC.; Prodr. 4: 606 (1830)
= Galium rubioides subsp. dasypodum (Klokov) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 32: 185 (2000)
= Galium rubioides var. articulatum (Lam.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 323 (1879)
= Galium rubioides var. dasycarpum Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 9 (1867)
= Galium rubioides var. eriophyllum Bordz.; Izv. Kievsk. Bot. Sada 12-13: 36 (1931)
= Galium ruboides Hill; Veg. Syst. 7: 21 (1764), nom. inval.
= Galium salicifolium Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 462 (1961)
= Galium verticillatum var. leiocarpum Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 11 (1867)
= Galium volgense Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 715 (1958)
species :
Galium rubrum L.; Sp. Pl. 107 (1753)
Name: Rotes Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Switzerland; N- & C-Italy; Croatia
11 SWI 13 CRO ITA
Remarks: rubrum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hirtum Hegetschw.; Fl. Schweiz: 125 (1838), nom. illeg.
= Galium leyboldii A.Kern.; Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. 6: 80 (1893)
= Galium morisii Spreng.; Syst. Veg. 4(2): 338 (1827)
= Galium purpureum DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç. 4: 251 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Galium rubrum var. albidum Döll; 450 (1843)
= Galium rubrum var. grenieri Briq.; Rech. Pl. Mont. Corse: 92 (1901)
= Galium rubrum var. hirtum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 329 (1879)
= Galium rubrum var. leyboldii (A.Kern.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 29 (1903)
= Galium rubrum var. parviflorum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 422 (1828)
= Galium rubrum var. transiens Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 28 (1903)
species :
Galium runcinatum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 263, t. 3, f. E (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (E-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium longiapiculatum Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 58(2): 296 (1938), pro syn.
species :
Galium rupifragum Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 273 (2010)
Distribution: China (Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium ruthenicum Willd.; Sp. Pl. 1: 597 (1798)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; Lithuania [I]; European Russia; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (Iranian Aserbaijan); Lebanon; China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Zhejiang, Henan, Sichuan); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan
13 BUL ROM 14 lit RUS 32 KAZ KGZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN LEB TUR 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO
Remarks: status uncertain, often included in G. verum s. l.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium atropatanum Grossh.; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 13: 26 (1950)
= Galium vernum var. ruthenicum (Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium verum f. ruthenicum (Willd.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 13 (1903)
= Galium verum f. trachycarpum (DC.) Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 77 (1861)
= Galium verum subsp. ruthenicum (Willd.) Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 35 (1922)
= Galium verum var. lasiocarpum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 415 (1844)
= Galium verum var. leiocarpum Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 414 (1844)
= Galium verum var. ruthenicum (Willd.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 34: 50 (1920)
= Galium verum var. trachycarpum DC.; Prodr. 4: 603. (1830)
species :
Galium ruwenzoriense (Cortesi) Ehrend.; Symb. Bot. Upsal. 15: 179 (1957)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania
23 RWA ZAI 25 KEN TAN UGA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium afroalpinum Bullock; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1932: 498 (1932)
= Galium mildbraedii K.Krause; G. W. J. Mildbr. (ed.), Wiss. Erg. Deut. Zentr.-Afr. Exped., Bot. 2: 342 (1911)
= Galium serratohamatum S.Moore; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 38: 256 (1908)
= Rubia ruwenzoriensis Cortesi; Ann. Bot., Roma 6: 152 (1907)
species :
Galium rzedowskii Dempster; Bol. Soc. Bot. Mex. 35: 13 (1975)
Distribution: Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
species :
Galium saipalense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 82 (1987)
Distribution: Nepal
40 NEP
species :
Galium salsugineum Krylov & Serg.; Trav. Inst. Sci. Biol. Tomsk 2: 65 (1936)
Distribution: Siberia (W-Siberia)
30 SIB
species :
Galium salwinense Hand.-Mazz.; Symb. Sin. Pt. VII. 1028 (1936)
Distribution: China (Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium samium Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 39 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: East Aegaean Isl. (Samos)
34 EAI
species :
Galium samothracicum Rech.f.; Feddes Repert. (Beih.) 100: 134 (1938)
Distribution: Greece; Crete; East Aegaean Isl.
13 GRC KRI 34 EAI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium insulare Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 56 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
species :
Galium samuelssonii Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 387 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Lebanon (C-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria); Israel (N-Israel); Jordania (W-Jordania)
34 ISR JOR LEB SYR TUR
variant :
var. pseudadhaerens Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 38 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey; Lebanon; Syria
34 LEB SYR TUR
species :
Galium sancakense Yild. & Kiliç; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 25(2): 36 (2018)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium saturejifolium Trevis.; Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. 7: 146 (1815)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Northern Caucasus
14 RUS 33 NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elongatum var. saturejifolium (Trevir.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
species :
Galium saurense Litv.; Trudy Bot. Muz. Imp. Akad. Nauk 7: 75 (1910)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Qinghai, Xinjiang)
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium densiflorum var. rosmarinifolium (Bunge) Tzvelev; Arktich. Fl. SSSR 10: 18 (1987)
= Galium densiflorum var. saurense (Litv.) Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 23: 158 (1986)
= Galium verum var. alpinum Krylov ex Serg.; Trudy Biol. Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 68 (1936)
= Galium verum var. rosmarinifolium Bunge; C. F. von Ledebour, Fl. Altaic. 1: 138 (1829)
species :
Galium saxatile L.; Sp. Pl. 106 (1753)
Name: Harzer Labkraut, Sand-Labkraut (DE), Heath bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland [I]; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Portugal; Spain; France; Channel Isl.; Slovenia; Croatia; Lithuania; Ukraine; Azores (Faial); Canada [I] (Newfoundland [I], Québec [I]); St. Pierre et Miquelon [I]; USA [I] (California [I], Oregon [I]); Argentina [I] (Tierra del Fuego [I]); Falkland Isl. [I]
10 DEN fin FOR GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 CIS FRA POR SPA 13 CRO SLV 14 LIT UKR 21 AZO 72 cdn spm 73 usa 76 usa 85 arg 91 fal
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium helveticum Weigel; Observ. Bot.: 24 (1772), nom. illeg.
= Galium hercynicum var. arvernense Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 41 (1903)
= Galium hercynicum var. riparium Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 41 (1903)
= Galium hercynicum var. transiens Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 41 (1903)
= Galium hercynicum Weigel; Observ. Bot.: 25 (1772)
= Galium humifusum Pers.; Schaub, 235 (1799), nom. illeg.
= Galium moenchianum Wender.; 35 (1846)
= Galium montanum Huds.; Fl. Angl.: 56 (1762), nom. illeg.
= Galium montium J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis].: 237 (1791), sphalm.
= Galium ovatum Moench; Methodus: 485 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Galium pawlowskii Kucowa; Fragm. Florist. & Geobot., Krakow 8: 433 (1962), et in Fragm. Florist. &Geobot., Krakow 9: 469 (1963), descr. emend.
= Galium procumbens Stokes; W. Withering, Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 151 (1787)
= Galium pulchellum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 58 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium pumilum subsp. saxatile (L.) Dostál; Kvetena CSR: 1380 (1949), nom. illeg.
= Galium riparium Rouy; Fl. France 8: 41 (1903)
= Galium saxatile var. hercynicum (Weigel) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium saxatile var. lineare Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 484 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Galium saxatile var. pawlowskii (Kucowa) Mirek & Piek.-Mirk.; Acta Soc. Bot. Poloniae 53: 420 (1984), no precise basionym ref.
= Galium tenuicaule Krock.; Fl. Siles., Suppl. 1: 214 (1823)
variant :
var. vivianum (Kliphuis) Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 28: 206 (2003)
Distribution: C- & N-Portugal; NW- & C-Spain
12 POR SPA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hercynicum subsp. vivianum Kliphuis; Bot. Notiser. 125(4): 491 (1972)
= Galium saxatile subsp. vivianum (Kliphuis) Ehrend.; Pl. Svst. Evol., 124(2): 176 (1975)
= Galium vivianum (Kliphuis) Holub; Folia Geobot. Phytotax. 9(3): 273 (1974)
species :
Galium saxosum (Chaix) Breistr.; Procos. Verb. Mens. Soc. Dauph. Ethnol. Archdol. 24(182-184): Séance 25 fév. 1948 (sine pag.) (1948)
Distribution: SE-France; NW-Italy
12 FRA 13 ITA
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula saxosa Chaix; Vill. Hist. Pl. Dauph. 1: 361 (1786)
= Galium villarsii Req. ex DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 6: 497 (1815), non Gaudin
species :
Galium scabrelloides Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 250 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Eswatini [Swaziland]
27 SAF SWZ
species :
Galium scabrellum K.Schum.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 28: 113 (1899)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; Uganda; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; Zimbabwe
23 BUR RWA ZAI 25 TAN UGA 26 MLW ZAM ZIM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bequaertii De Wild.; Rev. Zool. Afr. 9: Suppl. Bot. 12 (1921)
species :
Galium scabrifolium (Boiss.) Hausskn.; Mitt. Thür. Bot. Ver. nov. ser. 5: 120 (1893)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Bulgaria; ?NE-Greece; Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
13 BUL KOS SRB 34 TUR
Remarks: incurvum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium aureum var. scabrifolium (Boiss.) Boiss.; Fl. 3: 61 (1875) (p. p. quoad pl. Tauri Cilicici.)
= Galium melanantherum var. scabrifolium Boiss.; Diagn. ser. 1, 6: 68 (1846) (p. p. excl. pl. Cadmi.)
species :
Galium scabrum L.; Sp. Pl. 108 (1753)
Name: Raues Labkraut (DE); Raspilla de sombra (ES)
Distribution: Spain; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); Cape Verde Isl. (Santo Antao Isl., Ilha de Sao Nicolau)
12 COR SAR SPA 13 ITA SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY CVI MDR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium barrelieri Salzm.; Flora 4: 107 (1821)
= Galium ellipticum f. ovalifolium (Schott) Pau; Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1928: no. 381 (1928)
= Galium ellipticum var. glaberrimum Bornm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 476 (1902)
= Galium ellipticum var. glabrescens Bornm.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 33: 476 (1902)
= Galium ellipticum var. gredensis Rivas Mateos; Bol. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. 24: 386 (1924)
= Galium ellipticum var. villosum (Webb & Berthel.) Pit. & Proust; Iles Canaries: 211 (1909)
= Galium ellipticum Willd. ex Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn., Suppl.: 17 (1819)
= Galium hirsutum Nees; Horae Phys. Berol.: 113 (1820), nom. superfl.
= Galium neesianum Req. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
= Galium ovalifolium A.Schott ex Schult.; Roem. & Schult., Mant. 3: 182 (1827)
= Galium rotundifolium subsp. ellipticum (Willd. ex Hornem.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 139 (1894)
= Galium rotundifolium subsp. ovalifolium (A.Schott ex Schult.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 9 (1903)
= Galium rotundifolium var. macrotrichum Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 4: 1134 (1941)
= Galium rotundifolium var. ovalifolium (Schott) Pau; Mem. Mus. Ci. Nat. Barcelona, Ser. Bot. 1(1): 46 (1922)
= Galium rotundifolium var. villosum Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
species :
Galium schlumbergeri Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 51 (1875)
Distribution: Syria
34 SYR
species :
Galium schmidii Arrigoni; Webbia 27: 507 (1972)
Distribution: Sicily (Mt. Etna)
13 SIC
Remarks: Status uncertain, lucidum agg., near Galium aetnicum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollugo var. latifolium Em.Schmid; Mitt. Bot. Mus. Univ. Zürich 146: 253 (1933), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium schoenbeck-temesyae Ehrend.; Fl. Iranica 176: 217 (2005)
Distribution: S-Iran
34 IRN
species :
Galium scioanum Chiov.; Ann. Bot. (Rome) 9: 322 (1911)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania
23 ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium homblei De Wild.; Fedde, Repert 13: 140 (1914)
variant :
var. glabrum Brenan; Kew Bull. 5: 372 (1951)
Distribution: Cameroon; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Angola; Zambia
23 CMN ZAI 24 ETH 25 KEN TAN 26 ANG ZAM
variant :
var. latum (De Wild.) Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30: 326 (1975)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Tanzania; Zambia
23 ZAI 24 ETH 25 TAN 26 ZAM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium latum De Wild.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 140 (1914)
species :
Galium scopulorum Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 252 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium seatonii Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 460 (1898)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Veracruz)
79 MEX
species :
Galium sellowianum (Cham.) Walp.; Rep. 2: 459 (1843)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Minas Gerais, Sao Paulo, Rio de Janeiro); S-Brazil (Paraná, Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sellowianum subsp. pubiflorum (K.Schum.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 327 (1990)
= Relbunium hirtum f. pubiflora K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 109 (1889)
= Relbunium paulense Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 397 (1931)
= Relbunium sellowianum (Cham.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 115 (1889)
= Rubia sellowiana Cham.; Linnaea 9: 214 (1834)
species :
Galium semiamictum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 469 (1961)
Distribution: S-European Russia; Ukraine
14 RUS UKR
species :
Galium serpenticum Dempster; Brittonia 11: 120 (1959)
subspecies :
subsp. serpenticum
Name: Intermountain bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA 76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. dayense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 330 (1965)
Name: Day´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. malheurense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 326 (1965)
Name: Malheur bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Oregon)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. okanoganense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 329 (1965)
Name: Okanoga bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Washington State)
73 USA
subspecies :
subsp. puberulum (Piper) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 324 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Washington State)
73 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium multiflorum subsp. puberulum Piper; Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 11: 527 (1906)
= Galium multiflorum var. puberulum (Piper) H.St.John; NorthW. Sci. 2: 90 (1928)
= Galium watsonii subsp. puberulum (Piper) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 16 (1956)
= Galium serpenticum var. puberulum (Piper) Dempster; Brittonia 11: 121 (1959)
subspecies :
subsp. scabridum (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 330 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium watsonii f. scabridum Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 16 (1956)
subspecies :
subsp. scotticum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 326 (1965)
Name: Scott Mountain bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. warnerense Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 325 (1965)
Name: Warner Mountains bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Oregon, Washington State)
73 USA 76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. wenatchicum Dempster & Ehrend.; Brittonia 17: 323 (1965)
Distribution: USA (Washington State)
73 USA
species :
Galium serpylloides Royle ex Hook.f.; Fl. Br. Ind. 3: 207 (1881)
Distribution: Tibet; W-Nepal; NW-India (Lahul, Kunawur, Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh)
36 TIB 40 IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lahulense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 79 (1987)
species :
Galium setaceum Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 584 (1788)
subspecies :
subsp. setaceum
Name: Borsten-Labkraut (DE); Bristle-like Bedstraw (EN); Raspilla sedosa (ES)
Distribution: S- & SE-Spain; Baleares; France; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Albania; Bulgaria; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (SE-Egypt); Canary Isl. (Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, La Gomera, La Palma Isl.); Sudan; Djibouti; Somalia; Soqotra; East Aegaean Isl. (Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
12 BAL FRA SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO ITA SIC 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 24 DJI SOC SOM SUD 34 EAI TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparinella setacea (Lam.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Galium capillare Cav.; Icon. 2: 73 (1793)
= Galium decaisnei var. latifolium Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 77 (1875)
= Galium eriospermum Chaix ex Schult. & Schult.f.; Mant. 3: 186 (1827)
= Galium floribundum d´Urv.; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 1: 272 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium microcarpum Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 30 (1791)
= Galium setaceum f. glabrum Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 237 (1948)
= Galium setaceum f. lasiocarpum Bornm.; Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 48: 596 (1898)
= Galium setaceum f. latifolium Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 238 (1948)
= Galium setaceum f. pilosum Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 237 (1948)
= Galium setaceum var. lasiocarpum Boiss. ex Post; Fl. Syria: 390 (1896)
= Galium setaceum var. longipes Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 45 (1903)
subspecies :
subsp. decaisnei (Boiss.) Ehrend.; Biol. Mededel. Kong. Danske Vid. Selsk. 10: 144 (1958)
Name: Decaisnes Labkraut (DE); Decaisne´s Bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey; Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, S-Iraq, W-Iraq: Desert); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Farah, Faryab, Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Qunduz, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Syria; Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, N-Negev Desert, Judean Desert, Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania, W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia; Saudi Arabia (C-Saudi Arabia, NE-Saudi Arabia, N-Saudi Arabia, Midyan, Asir, Nejd Desert); Kuwait; Oman (Mascat & Oman); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Quetta, Waziristan, Khyber, Pakistani Punjab, Swat, Hazara); India (Haryana)
13 GRC KRI 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR SIN SYR TUR 35 KUW OMA SAU 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium capillare Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 2, 2: 269 (1834), nom. illeg.
= Galium decaisnei Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Or. Nov., ser. 1, 6: 69 (1846)
= Galium decaisnei f. lasiocarpum (Boiss. ex Post) Ehrend.
= Galium eldaricum Grossh.; Izv. Azerbaidzhansk. Fil. 10: 45 (1944)
= Galium setaceum f. urvillei (Req. ex DC.) Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 237 (1948)
= Galium setaceum var. leiocarpum Boiss. ex Post; Fl. Syria: 389 (1896)
= Galium setaceum var. longipedicellatum Post; Fl. Syria: 389 (1896)
= Galium setaceum var. urvillei (Req. ex DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium sibthorpii Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 244 (1818)
= Galium spurium subvar. sibthorpii (Roem. & Schult.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium urvillei Req. ex DC.; Prod. 4: 607 (1830)
species :
Galium setuliferum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 254 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium shanense R.Bhattacharjee; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 48(1-4): 65 (2006)
Distribution: Myanmar
41 MYA
species :
Galium shengkuangense S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 4: 16 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium shepardii Post; Fl. Syr. Pal. Sin. 15 (1896)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium shepherdii Jung-Mend.; Acta Bot. Brasil. 17(4): 606 (2003)
Distribution: SE-Brazil (Sao Paulo)
84 BRA
species :
Galium shinasii Yildirim; PhytoKeys 75: 21 (2016)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium sichuanense Ehrend.; Novon 20(3): 275 (2010)
Distribution: China (Sichuan)
36 CHI
species :
Galium sidamense Chiov. ex Chiarugi; Webbia 8: 239 (1951)
Distribution: Ethiopia
24 ETH
species :
Galium sieheanum Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 372 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium simense Fresen.; Mus. Senckenb. 2: 165 (1837)
Distribution: Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; Tanzania; Yemen (W-Yemen)
23 BIO BUR CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN 35 YEM
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium abyssinicum Chiov.; Ann. Bot., Roma 9: 68 (1911)
species :
Galium similii Pavlov; Vestn. Akad. Nauk. Kazakhsk. S. S. R. 4(73): 95 (1951)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium sinaicum (Delile ex Decne.) Boiss.; Fl. 3: 63 (1875)
Distribution: Egypt (Eastern Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Kuwait
20 EGY 34 JOR SIN 35 KUW SAU
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula sinaica Delile ex Decne.; Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. ser. 2, 2: 268 (1834)
species :
Galium siyuanianum S.S.Ying; New Taxa New Names 3: 109 (2022)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium smithreitzii Dempster; Allertonia 5: 330 (1990)
Distribution: S-Brazil (Santa Catarina)
84 BRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium catarinense Ehrend.
species :
Galium sojakii Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 210 (1991)
Distribution: S-Iran
34 IRN
species :
Galium songaricum Schrenk; Fisch. & C. A. Mey., Enum. Pl. Nov. 1: 57 (1841)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Sichuan); Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium songaricum var. diffusum Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 11 (1867)
species :
Galium sorgerae Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 257, t. 2, f. B (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium sparsiflorum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 55 (1900)
subspecies :
subsp. sparsiflorum
Name: Sequoia bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
subspecies :
subsp. glabrius Dempster & Stebbins; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 46: 45 (1968)
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
species :
Galium spathulatum I.Thomps.; Muelleria 27(1): 75 (map) (2009)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Galium speciosum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 62 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Greece
13 GRC NMA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pisodericum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 65 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
= Galium absurdum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 108 1976-87 (1987)
species :
Galium sphagnophilum (Greenm.) Dempster; Phytologia 26: 221 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tlaxcala); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium sphagnophilum var. mazocarpum (Greenm.) Dempster; Phytologia 26: 222 (1973)
= Relbunium mazocarpum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 41: 250 (1905)
= Relbunium sphagnophilum Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 468 (1898)
species :
Galium spurium L.; Sp. Pl. 106 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. spurium
Name: Kleinfrüchtiges Kletten-Labkraut (DE); Raspilla bastarda (ES)
Distribution: England [I]; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt [I]); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Pantelleria; San Marino [I]; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Eastern Desert, SE-Egypt); Canary Isl. (Hierro, Lanzarote, Gran Canaria, Tenerife); Soqotra; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Amur [I], Primorye [I]); Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; ?Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; ?Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (EC-Iran, N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Baghlan, Bamyan, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, Laghman, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar, Zabul); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (Negev Desert); Sinai peninsula (S-Sinai); Jordania (S-Jordania); China (widespread); Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Bonin Isl. [I] (Chichijima [I]); Taiwan; Pakistan (Baluchistan); Bhutan; N-India (Himachal Pradesh, Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Poonch)
10 DEN FIN grb NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA PTL ROM SIC SLV sma SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG EGY LBY MOR TUN 21 CNY 24 SOC 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM GEO 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO NNS oga TAI 40 BHU IND PAK
Remarks: aparine agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine spuria (L.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparine tenera (Gren.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 16: 397 (1868)
= Aparine vaillantii (DC.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Galium adhaerens DC.; Prodr. 4: 608 (1830), pro syn.
= Galium agreste var. echinospermum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. Fl. Halen. 59 (1822)
= Galium agreste var. leiospermon Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 59 (1882)
= Galium agreste Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 59 (1822), nom. illeg.
= Galium aparine proles aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 50 (1903)
= Galium aparine proles tenerum (Gren.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 49 (1903)
= Galium aparine f. fallax L.Gross; 82 (1906)
= Galium aparine f. leiocarpum Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 17: 77 (1903)
= Galium aparine f. pauciflorum (Bunge) Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 259 (1873)
= Galium aparine f. spurium (L.) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
= Galium aparine f. strigosa (Thunb.) Maxim.; Mélanges Biol. Bull. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg 9: 259 (1873)
= Galium aparine f. tenerum (Gren.) Hallier; W. D. J. Koch, Syn. Deut. Schweiz. Fl., ed. 3: 1182 (1893)
= Galium aparine subsp. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Jauzein; Fl. Champs Cult.: 863 (1995)
= Galium aparine subsp. infestum (Waldst. & Kit.) Schübl. & G.Martens; Fl. Würtemberg: 103 (1834)
= Galium aparine subsp. spurium (L.) Hartm.; Sv. Norsk Exc.-Fl.: 23 (1846)
= Galium aparine subsp. tenerum (Gren. & Godr.) Cout.; Fl. Portugal, ed. 2: 691 (1939)
= Galium aparine subsp. vaillantii (DC.) Berher; Louis, Fl. Vosges, éd. 2: 125 (1887), isonym
= Galium aparine subsp. vaillantii (DC.) Hook.f.; 179 (1870)
= Galium aparine var. agreste Wigand; 147 (1859)
= Galium aparine var. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Ortega Oliv., Devesa, Muñoz Garm., Herrero & R.Gonzalo; Fl. Iber. 15: 149 (411) (2007)
= Galium aparine var. aparinella (Lange) Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Acta Bot. Malac. 28: 209 (2003), nom. inval.
= Galium aparine var. echinospermum (Wallr.) T.Durand; De Wild. & Durande, Prodr. Fl. Belg. 3: 719 (1903)
= Galium aparine var. fallax (L.Gross) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 229 (1914)
= Galium aparine var. glaber St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 397 (1889)
= Galium aparine var. infestum (Waldst. & Kit.) Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 1: 120 (1827), nom. superfl.
= Galium aparine var. leiospermum (Wallr.) J.Becker; 326 (1827)
= Galium aparine var. leiospermum (Wallr.) T.Durand; De Wild. & T. Durand, Prodr. Fl. Belg. 3: 719 (1903), isonym
= Galium aparine var. leiospermum (Wallr.) Westerl.; Bot. Not. 1863: 140 (1863)
= Galium aparine var. minor Benth.; Fl. Austral. 3: 447 (1867), nom. illeg.
= Galium aparine var. minus C.C.Gmel.; 117 (1826)
= Galium aparine var. scaberrimum (Vahl ex Hornem.) Webb & Berthel.; Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries 3(2
= Galium aparine var. spurium (L.) Hiern; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 245 (1877), isonym
= Galium aparine var. spurium (L.) W.D.J.Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv.: 330 (1835 publ. 1836)
= Galium aparine var. spurium (L.) Wimm. & Grab.; Fl. Siles. 1: 120 (1827), nom. illeg.
= Galium aparine var. tenerum (Gren.) Rchb.f.; Rchb., Icon. Fl. Germ. Helv. 17: 94 (1855)
= Galium aparine var. tenerum (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Döll; 447 (1843)
= Galium aparine var. vaillantii (DC.) Koch; Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 330 (1837), isonym
= Galium aparine var. vaillantii (DC.) Lej.; Fl. Spa 2: 296 (1813)
= Galium aparinella Lange ex Cutanda; Fl. Comp. Madrid: 358 (1861)
= Galium aparinoides K.Koch; Linnaea 17: 33 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Galium biflorum Hochst. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 69 (1875)
= Galium campestre Hochst. ex Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 69 (1875), nom. illeg.
= Galium hispidum Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 2: 184 (1789)
= Galium hongnoense H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 438 (1912)
= Galium infestum Waldst. & Kit.; Descr. Icon. Pl. Hung. 3: 224 (1810)
= Galium oliganthum Nakai & Kitag.; Rep. Exped. Manchoukuo Sect. iv 1: 56 (1934)
= Galium pauciflorum Bunge; Enum. Pl. China Bor.: 35 (1833), nom. superfl.
= Galium scaberrimum Vahl ex Hornem.; Hort. Bot. Hafn.: 135 (1813)
= Galium sororium Hance; Walp., Ann. Bot. Syst. 2: 734 (1852)
= Galium spurium f. strigosum (Thunb.) Kitag.; J. Geobot. 19: 92 (1971)
= Galium spurium f. vaillantii (DC.) R.J.Moore; Canad. J. Bot. 53: 882 (1975)
= Galium spurium subsp. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Rivas Mart. & Castrov.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 34: 555 (1977 publ. 1978)
= Galium spurium subsp. glabrum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 441 (1828), nom. inval.
= Galium spurium subsp. infestum (Waldst. & Kit.) Janch.; Phyton (Horn) 8: 239 (1959), isonym
= Galium spurium subsp. infestum (Waldst. & Kit.) Oborny; 741 (1885)
= Galium spurium subsp. tenerum (Gren. & Godr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium spurium subsp. tenerum (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Kerguélen; 182 (1994), isonym
= Galium spurium subsp. vaillantii (DC.) Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 442 (1828)
= Galium spurium subsp. vaillantii (DC.) Gremli; 220 (1874), isonym
= Galium spurium var. aparinella (Lange ex Cutanda) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 330 (1879)
= Galium spurium var. echinospermum (Wallr.) Klett & Richt.; Fl. Leipzig: 141 (1830)
= Galium spurium var. infestum (Waldst. & Kit.) Trevir.; Index Seminum (WROCL, Wratislaviensi) 1818: 3 (1818)
= Galium spurium var. leiospermon (Wallr.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 229 (1914), nom. inval.
= Galium spurium var. tenerum (Schleich. ex Gaudin) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 44 (1850)
= Galium spurium var. vaillantii (DC.) DC.; 86 (1832)
= Galium spurium var. vaillantii (DC.) Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 44 (1850), isonym
= Galium strigosum Thunb.; Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. 7: 141 (1815)
= Galium tenerum Schleich. ex Gaudin; Fl. Helv.: 442 (1828), nom. superfl.
= Galium tibeticum Aswal & Mehrotra; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 2: 236 (1981) (nom. nov. for G. pauciflorum Bunge)
= Galium trinioides Pomel; Nouv. Mat. Fl. Atl. 77 (1874)
= Galium tsukinanats Hassk.; Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor.: 106 (1844)
= Galium vaillantii DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç. 4: 263 (1805)
= Galium vaillantii subsp. spurium (L.) Lindm.; 507 (1918), nom. illeg.
= Galium wutaicum Hurus.; J. Jap. Bot. 26: 88 (1951)
subspecies :
subsp. africanum Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30(2): 324 (1975)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Burundi; N-Chad (Tibesti); Sudan (incl. Jbel Marra); Ethiopia; Eritrea; Somalia; Soqotra; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; South Africa (Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
23 BUR RWA ZAI 24 CHA ERI ETH SOC SOM SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW 27 LES SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium uniflorum Quézel; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 50: 28 (1959), nom. illeg.
subspecies :
subsp. ibicinum (Boiss. & Hausskn. ex Boiss.) Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 127(4): 305 (1977)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Turkey; N-Iraq; Iran; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Herat, Kabul, Laghman, Wardak, Nangarhar, Orozgan / Daykundi, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Chitral, Swat, Quetta); Australia [I] (South Australia [I])
32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG IRN IRQ TUR 40 PAK 50 aus
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ibicinum Boiss. & Hausskn.; Boiss. Fl. Orient. 3: 70 (1875)
= Galium linczevskyi Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 710 (1958)
species :
Galium stellatum Kellogg; Proc. Calif. Acad. 2: 97, f. 26 (1863)
subspecies :
subsp. stellatum
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium acutissimum A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 7: 350 (1868)
subspecies :
subsp. eremicum (Hilend & J.T.Howell) Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 7 (1956)
Name: Starry bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Utah); Mexico (Sonora)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium stellatum var. eremicum Hilend & J.T.Howell; Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 137 (1934)
species :
Galium stenophyllum Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1895: 69 (1895)
Distribution: D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi
23 ZAI 25 TAN 26 MLW ZAM
species :
Galium stepparum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 260, t. 3, f. A (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium sterneri Ehrend.; Sitz-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 420 (1960)
Name: Sterner-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Faeroe Isl.; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Germany (Schleswig-Holstein)
10 DEN FOR GRB IRE NOR 11 GER
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pumilum subsp. septentrionale Sterner ex Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 7: 299 (1945)
species :
Galium subfalcatum Nazim. & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 71 (1987)
Distribution: N-Pakistan
40 PAK
species :
Galium subnemorale Klokov & Zaver.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. (Kiew), 1974: 81 (1974)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
species :
Galium subtrifidum Reinw. ex Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 944 (1826)
Distribution: Sumatra; Philippines (Luzon); Java; Moluccas (Buru); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)
42 JAW MOL NWG PHI SUM
species :
Galium subtrinervium Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Fl. Iranica 176: 178 (2005)
Distribution: Pakistan (Swat, Murree)
40 PAK
species :
Galium subuliferum Sommier & H.Lév.; Acta Horti Petrop. 12: 151 (1892)
Distribution: Romania; Bulgaria; Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, SSW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia)
13 BUL ROM 33 AZE GEO 34 TUR
species :
Galium subvelutinum (DC.) K.Koch; Linnaea 24: 465 (1851)
Distribution: Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia); Iran (N-Iran, C-Iran)
33 AZE 34 IRN TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula subvelutina DC.; Prodr. 4: 585 (1830)
= Galium leiophyllum Boiss. & Hohen.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 36 (1843), nom. illeg.
= Galium leiophyllum var. subvelutinum (DC.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 51 (1875)
= Galium subvelutinum subsp. leiophyllum (Boiss. & Hohen.) Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 366 (1958)
= Galium subvelutinum var. leiophyllum (Boiss. & Hohen.) Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boiss., II 6: 774 (1906)
variant :
var. oligotrichum Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 207 (1991)
Distribution: Azerbaijan; Turkey; Iraq; Iran
33 AZE 34 IRN IRQ TUR
species :
Galium subvillosum Sond.; Harv. & Sond. Fl. Cap. 3: 38 (1865)
Distribution: South Africa (Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov.); Lesotho
27 LES SAF
variant :
var. subglabrum Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 257 (1978)
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
species :
Galium sudeticum Tausch; Flora (Regensb.) 18: 347 (1835)
Name: Sudeten-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Poland; Czech Republic
11 CZE POL
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium anisophyllon subsp. sudeticum (Tausch) Oborny; 739 (1885)
= Galium anisophyllon var. sudeticum (Tausch) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 153 (1889)
= Galium anisophyllum var. sudeticum (Tausch) Sagorski & Gus.Schneider; 205 (1891)
= Galium commune var. sudeticum (Tausch) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 144 (1902)
= Galium pumilum subsp. sudeticum (Tausch) O.Schwarz; 117 (1949)
= Galium sylvestre var. sudeticum (Tausch) Fiek; 200 (1881)
= Galium sylvestre var. sudeticum (Tausch) Neuman & Ahlfv.; Neuman, Sver. Fl.: 109 (1901)
species :
Galium suecicum (Sterner) Ehrend.; Sitz.-Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien (Math.-Nat. Kl., Abt. I) 169: 417 (1960)
Name: Schwedisches Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: S- & C-Sweden; Germany (Brandenburg, +Sachsen-Anhalt); W-Poland
10 SWE 11 GER POL
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Conservation Status: extremely rare in the whole area, in Germany and Poland almost extinct
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pumilum subsp. suecicum Sterner; C. A. M. Lindman, Sv. Fanerogamfl., ed. 2: 507 (1926)
= Galium pumilum var. vestrogothicum Sterner ex Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 7: 299 (1945)
species :
Galium suffruticosum Hook. & Arn.; Hook. Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
Distribution: Argentina (Mendoza); Chile (Atacama, Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule)
85 ARG CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium andinum Phil.; Linnaea 33: 98 (1864)
= Galium chilense (Molina ex DC.) Endl. ex Clos; Gay, Fl. Chil. 3: 180 (1848), nom. illeg.
= Galium peteroanum Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 733 (1894)
= Rubia chilensis Molina ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 590 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Rubia margaritifera Reiche; Anales Univ. Chile 106: 978 (1900)
species :
Galium sungpanense Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 89: 238 (1940)
Distribution: China (Hebei, Sichuan, Xinjiang)
36 CHI
species :
Galium surinamense Dempster; Allertonia 3: 250 (1982)
Distribution: Surinam
82 SUR
species :
Galium sylvaticum L.; Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 155 (1762)
Name: Wald-Labkraut (DE), Scotch mist (EN)
Distribution: +Denmark; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; Canada [I] (Ontario [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I])
10 DEN 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS SLV SRB 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa
Remarks: sylvaticum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Asterophyllum sylvaticum (L.) K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; Spenn.,
= Galium capillipes Rchb.; Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 847 (1832)
= Galium inflatum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 11 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium intermedium Eichw.; Skizze: 153 (1869), nom. illeg.
= Galium linifolium Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar., index: s.p. (1828), nom. illeg.
= Galium nitidum Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 163 (1827)
= Galium polymorphum Knaf; Flora 29: 295 (1846)
= Galium sylvaticum f. juranum (Gren.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 210 (1914)
= Galium sylvaticum f. pubescens (DC.) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 210 (1914)
= Galium sylvaticum f. purpurascens Woerl.; 159 (1885)
= Galium sylvaticum var. brevifolium St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 388 (1889)
= Galium sylvaticum var. juranum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 21 (1850)
= Galium sylvaticum var. laevigatum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 55 (1822)
= Galium sylvaticum var. longifolium St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 388 (1889)
= Galium sylvaticum var. lugdunense Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 21 (1850)
= Galium sylvaticum var. pubens Wallr.; 56 (1822)
= Galium sylvaticum var. pubescens DC.; 252 (1805)
= Galium sylvaticum var. pubescens Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 88 (1836)
= Galium sylvaticum var. rubens Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 56 (1822), nom. inval.
= Galium sylvaticum var. salicifolium Glaab; Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 11: 78 (1894)
= Galium sylvaticum var. tetragonum Wirtg.; 92 (1841)
species :
Galium taiwanense Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 29: 180 (1939)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium takasagomontanum Masam.; Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Formosa 26: 52 (1936)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium talaveranum Ortega Oliv. & Devesa; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 143(2): 182 (2003)
Distribution: Portugal; W-Spain
12 POR SPA
species :
Galium tanganyikense Ehrend. & Verdc.; Kew Bull. 28(3): 488 (1973 publ. 1974)
Distribution: Tanzania
25 TAN
species :
Galium tarokoense Hayata; Ic. Pl. Formos. 7: 33 (1918)
Distribution: Taiwan
38 TAI
species :
Galium taygeteum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 85 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
Distribution: Greece
13 GRC
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium taygeteum var. violaceum (Krendl) Greuter; Bocconea 25: 81 (2012)
= Galium violaceum Krendl; Bot. Chronika 6-7: 82 (1986-1987 publ. 1987)
species :
Galium tendae Rchb.f.; Icon. Fl. Germ. 17: 97 (1855)
Distribution: France; Italy (SW-Alps)
12 FRA 13 ITA
Remarks: baldense agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium baldense subsp. tendae (Rchb.f.) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 874 (1938)
= Galium baldense var. tendae (Rchb.f.) Bég.; Fiori et al., Fl. Anal. Ital. 3: 113 (1903)
= Galium helveticum subsp. tendae (Rchb.f.); Comp. Fl. Ital.: 313 (1882)
= Galium helveticum subsp. tendae (Rchb.f.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 313 (1882)
= Galium helveticum var. tendae (Rchb.f.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 153 (1889)
= Galium pusillum var. tendae (Rchb.f.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 326 (1879)
species :
Galium tenuissimum M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucasus 1: 104 (1808)
Distribution: Switzerland [I]; Slovakia; Hungary; ?Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; E-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); N-Iran; Cyprus (C-Mountains); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jazira, NW-Syria, W-Syrian Mountains); China (Xinjiang)
11 HUN SLO swi 13 ALB BIH BUL GRC KOS ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 CYP IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium filiforme Willd. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 418 (1844), nom. illeg.
= Galium incurvum J.Fleisch. ex Tausch; Flora 18: 354 (1835), nom. illeg.
= Galium tenuissimum subsp. adrianopolitanum (Podp.) Ancev; Kozhuh. & Kuzm., Evolyutsiya Tsvet. Rast. Florogen. 1: 127 (1978)
= Galium tenuissimum var. adrianopolitanum Podp.; Verh. K. K. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien 52: 655 (1902)
form :
f. trichophorum (Kar. & Kir.) Ehrenb. & Schönb.-Tem.; Fl. Iranica 176: 247 (2005)
Distribution: Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; S-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Turkey; Iraq; Iran; Cyprus; Lebanon; Syria; United Arab Emirates; China (Xinjiang); Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Swat, Chitral); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)
13 BUL GRC KOS ROM SRB TUE 14 KRY RUS UKR 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 34 CYP IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 35 UAE 36 CHI 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium trichophorum Kar. & Kir.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 15: 372 (1842)
= Galium tenuissimum subsp. trichophorum (Kar. & Kir.) Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 127(4): 305 (1977)
species :
Galium terrae-reginae Ehrend. & McGill.; Telopea 2(4): 361 (1983)
Distribution: Australia (Queensland)
50 AUS
species :
Galium tetraphyllum Nazim. & Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 155 (1-4): 73 (1987)
Distribution: Pakistan (Swat)
40 PAK
species :
Galium texense A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 19: 80 (1883)
Name: Texas bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas)
74 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium californicum var. texanum Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 20 (1841)
= Galium texanum (Torr. & A.Gray) Wiegand; J. Small, Fl. S. E. U. S.: 1118 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium uncinulatum A.Gray; Boston J. Nat. Hist. 6: 215 (1857), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium thasium Stoj. & Kitanov; God. Sofiisk. Univ. Fiz.-Mat. Fak. 42: 160 (1946)
Distribution: Greece (Thasos)
13 GRC
Remarks: provisionally accepted name
species :
Galium thiebautii Ehrend.; Arkiv Bot., Stockh., andra ser. 5: 421 (1960)
Distribution: Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon)
34 LEB
species :
Galium thunbergianum Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. 369 (1837)
Distribution: Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; Sudan; Ethiopia; Kenya; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]
23 BIO 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN 27 LES SAF SWZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium natalense Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 9 (1903)
variant :
var. hirsutum (Sond.) Verdc.; Kew Bull. 30(2): 326 (1975)
Distribution: Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; Sudan; Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zimbabwe; South Africa (Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar
23 BIO CMN RWA ZAI 24 ETH SUD 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ 29 MDG
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium biafrae Hiern; Oliv. et al. (eds.), Fl. Trop. Afr. 3: 245 (1877)
= Galium dasycarpum Hochst. ex Schweinf.; Beitr. Fl. Aethiop.: 135 (1867)
= Galium rotundifolium var. hirsutum Sond.; Harv. & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 39 (1865)
species :
Galium thymifolium Boiss. & Heldr.; Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 6: 67 (1846)
Distribution: S-Greece
13 GRC
species :
Galium tianschanicum Popov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 47: 88 (1938)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan
32 KAZ KGZ TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium kiapazi Manden.; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 17: 64 (1953)
= Galium saxatile var. leiophyllum Trautv.; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 39(1): 333 (1866)
= Galium tianschanicum var. prostratum Popov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 47: 88 (1938)
= Galium tianschanicum var. xerophyticum Popov; Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol., n. s. 47: 88 (1938)
species :
Galium timeroyi Jord.; Obs. Pl. Crit. 3: 138 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. timeroyi
Distribution: Germany [I]; C- & E-France; S-France
11 ger 12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperum subsp. jordanii (Loret & Barrandon) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France: 876 (1938)
= Galium closianum Timb.-Lagr.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 9: 613 (1862)
= Galium commune Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 138 (1902), nom. illeg.
= Galium commune subsp. jordanii (Loret & Barrandon) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 141 (1902)
= Galium commune var. implexum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 141 (1902)
= Galium commune var. intertextum (Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier: 302 (1876)
= Galium commune var. intertextum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 141 (1902), isonym
= Galium commune var. scabridum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 141 (1902)
= Galium commune var. timeroyi (Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier: 301 (1876)
= Galium commune var. timeroyi (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 140 (1902), isonym
= Galium hanryi F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl.: 309 (1861)
= Galium implexum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 141 (1846)
= Galium intertextum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 142 (1846)
= Galium jordanii Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier: 301 (1876)
= Galium jordanii subvar. closianum (Timb.-Lagr.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium jordanii var. gracilicaule Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 140 (1902)
= Galium jordanii var. implexum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 140 (1902)
= Galium jordanii var. intertextum (Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier: 301 (1876)
= Galium jordanii var. scabridum (Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier: 301 (1876)
= Galium jordanii var. timeroyi (Jord.) Loret & Barrandon; Fl. Montpellier: 301 (1876)
= Galium pumilum subsp. jordanii (Loret & Barrandon) Braun-Blanq.; Cat. Fl. Aigoual: 289 (1933)
= Galium pumilum var. timeroyi (Jord.) Braun-Blanq.; 289 (1933)
= Galium rouyanum Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 39 (1921)
= Galium scabridum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 136 (1846)
subspecies :
subsp. fleurotii (Jord.) P.A.Duvign.; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Luxemb., France etc., ed. 2: 829(1978)
Distribution: S-England; C-France
10 GRB 12 FRA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium collinum Jord.; Observ. Pl. Nouv. 3: 135 (1846)
= Galium commune var. bretonii Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 140 (1902)
= Galium commune var. collinum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 140 (1902)
= Galium commune var. fleurotii (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 140 (1902)
= Galium commune var. gracilicaule Rouy; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 49: 141 (1902)
= Galium fleurotii Jord.; Index Seminum (GR, Gratianopolis) 1849: 15 (1849)
= Galium fleurotii var. bretonii (Rouy) Donneaux; Lejeunia 103: 50 (1981)
= Galium fleurotii var. gracilicaule (Rouy) J.Duvign.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belgique 39: 193 (1969)
= Galium jordanii subsp. fleurotii (Jord.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium jordanii var. bretonii Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 140 (1902)
= Galium jordanii var. collinum (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 140 (1902)
= Galium jordanii var. fleurotii (Jord.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 140 (1902)
= Galium jordanii var. rouyanum Bonnier; Fl. Ill. France 5: 39 (1922)
= Galium pumilum subsp. fleurotii (Jord.) P.D.Sell; Fl. Great Britain & Ireland 4: 530 (2006)
= Galium timeroyi var. bretonii (Rouy) P.A.Duvign.; Nouv. Fl. Belg., Grand-Duché Luxemb., Nord France, ed. 2: 829 (1978)
species :
Galium tinctorium L.; Sp. Pl.: 106 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. tinctorium
Name: Stiff marsh bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia)
72 CDN SPM 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium claytonii Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 78 (1803)
= Galium tinctorium var. diversifolium W.Wight; Zoe 5: 54 (1900)
= Galium tinctorium var. submontanum W.Wight; Zoe 5: 53 (1900)
= Galium trifidum subsp. tinctorium (L.) H.Hara; Rhodora 41: 388 (1939)
= Galium trifidum var. tinctorium (L.) Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 22 (1841)
subspecies :
subsp. floridanum (Wiegand) Puff; Canad. J. Bot. 54: (1916 publ. 1976)
Distribution: USA (Illinois, Missouri, Oklahoma, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, West Virginia, Texas, Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia); Dominican Republic
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 81 HIS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium tinctorium var. floridanum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 398 (1897)
= Galium obtusum var. floridanum (Wiegand) Fernald; Rhodora 37: 443 (1935)
species :
Galium tmoleum Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 3: 39 (1843)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia, SW-Anatolia)
34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pulchellum Stapf; Denkschr. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Wien. Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 50: 106 (1885), nom. superfl.
= Galium stapfianum Ehrend.; Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 56: 226 (1948)
species :
Galium tokyoense Makino; Ill. Fl. Jap. 1(11): 2, t. 89 (1891), nom. nud., et Bot. Mag. Tokyo 17: 72 (1903)
Distribution: China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shandong); South Korea; Japan (Honshu)
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asprellum var. tokyoense (Makino) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 105 (1909)
= Galium dahuricum f. tokyoense (Makino) Kitag.; Rep. Inst. Sci. Res. Manchoukuo 4: 92 (1940)
= Galium dahuricum var. tokyoense (Makino) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 243 (1940)
= Galium pseudoasprellum var. tokyoense (Makino) Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z eitschr. 89: 243 (1940)
species :
Galium tolosianum Boiss. & Kotschy; Boiss., Fl. 3: 53 (1875)
Distribution: Turkey (S-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium tomentosum Thunb.; Fl. Cap. 1: 551 (1813)
Distribution: Namibia; South Africa (Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)
27 NAM SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium asperum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 30 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Galium asperum var. villosum Eckl. & Zeyh.; Enum. Pl. Afric. Austral.: 369 (1837)
= Galium glabrum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 30 (1794)
= Galium maritimum Thunb.; Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 30 (1794), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium tortumense Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 264 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (NE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium transcarpaticum Stojko & Tasenk.; Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 36(6): 594 (1979)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
species :
Galium trichocarpum DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
Distribution: Chile (Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Biobío)
85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium chamissonis Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Misc. 3: 363 (1833)
= Galium lasiocarpum Phil.; Linnaea 33: 99 (1864)
= Galium laxum Hook. & Arn.; Anales Univ. Chile 85: 732 (1894)
= Galium scandens Phil.; Anales Univ. Chile 41: 731 (1872)
species :
Galium tricornutum Dandy; Watsonia 4: 47 (1957)
Name: Dreihörniges Labkraut (DE); Roughfruit corn bedstraw (EN); Raspilla tricorne (ES)
Distribution: England [I]; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, +Schleswig-Holstein, +Saarland, +Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; ?Bosnia & Hercegovina; ?Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; ?North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Belarus; C-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Tunisia; Libya; Egypt (Desert Oases, NE-Egypt, Nile Delta, Nile Valley, N-Egypt); Madeira (Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Lanzarote, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Palma Isl., Gomera); Mauritius [I]; La Réunion [I]; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq, SE-Iraq: Mesopotamia); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Badghys, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Faryab, Ghazni, Ghorat, Herat, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Qunduz, Samangan, Takhar); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (C-Syrian Desert, NW-Syria, Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); Israel (coastal W-Israel, Rift Valley, N-Israel, Judean Desert); Sinai peninsula (C-Sinai, N-Sinai, S-Sinai); Jordania (W-Jordania); Saudi Arabia (Asir); Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Yemen (W-Yemen); China (Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Xinjiang, Jiangsu, Anhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou); Tibet; Pakistan (Chitral, Kurram, Quetta, Baluchistan, Waziristan, Drosh, Pakistani Punjab, Hazara); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Leh); Australia [I] (Western Australia [I], South Australia [I], Queensland [I], New South Wales [I], Victoria [I]); Canada [I] (Ontario [I]); USA [I] (Arkansas [I], California [I], Georgia [I], Maryland [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Carolina [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I]); NE-Brazil [I]; Paraguay [I]; Argentina [I]; Chile [I] (Ñuble [I], Biobío [I])
10 grb NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM GER HUN LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 BAL COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR KRY RUS UKR 20 EGY LBY TUN 21 CNY MDR 29 mau reu 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR JOR LEB SIN SYR TUR 35 QAT SAU UAE YEM 36 CHI TIB 40 IND PAK 50 aus 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 84 bra 85 arg cle par
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium borbonicum Cordem.; Fl. Réunion: 517 (1895), tentatively listed as a synonym.
= Galium kurramensis Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 57 (1989)
= Galium spurium Huds.; Fl. Angl.: 57 (1762), nom. superfl.
= Galium tehranicum M.Moussavi, A.Ghahreman & Attar; Iran. J. Bot. 6: 146 (1993)
= Galium tricorne Stocks; With., Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 2,1: 153 (1787) (nom. illeg. excl. syn. Valantia aparine)
= Galium tricorne var. laeve Texidor; Revista Progr. Ci. Exact. 18: 617 (1869)
= Galium tricorne var. microcarpum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 45 (1850)
= Galium tricornutum f. microcarpum (Gren.) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 11: 250 (1965)
= Galium tricornutum subsp. longipedunculatum Nazim.; Fl. Pakistan, 190: 61 (1989)
= Vaillantia aparine Hoffm.; 275 (1804) non L.
= Valantia spuria Pers.; Syn. Pl. 1: 129 (1805)
= Valantia triflora Lam.; Fl. Franç. 3: 384 (1779)
species :
Galium trifidum L.; Sp. Pl. 105 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. trifidum
Name: Threepetal bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; Austria; Poland; France; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Taiwan; Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Sur, Ciudad de Mexico, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Puebla)
10 FIN NOR SWE 11 AUT POL 12 FRA 14 EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 GEO 34 TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 KOR NKO TAI 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium baicalense Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 13: 714 (1958)
= Galium brandegeei A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 12: 58 (1877)
= Galium ruprechtii Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 713 (1958), p. max. p. incl. typo
= Galium trifidum f. brevipedunculatum Regel; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 4(4): 77 (1861)
= Galium trifidum subsp. distentum Printz; Veg. Siber.-Mongol. Front.: 400 (1921)
= Galium trifidum var. europaeum Rupr.; Fl. Samojed. Cisural.: 38 (1846)
= Galium triflorum var. europaeum F.Schmidt; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, Sér. 7, 12: 114 (1868)
= Rubia linnaeana Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 374 (1880)
subspecies :
subsp. brevipes (Fernald & Wiegand) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 31(2): 352 (1982)
Name: Limestone swamp bedstraw
Distribution: Canada (Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Dakota, New Hampshire, New York, South Dakota, Vermont, Wisconsin)
71 CDN 72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium brevipes Fernald & Wiegand; Rhodora 12: 78 (1910)
subspecies :
subsp. columbianum (Rydb.) Hultén; Fl. Aleut. 367 (1937)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (fairly widespread in the North); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea; Japan; Taiwan; Alaska; Aleutes; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)
31 RFE 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO TAI 70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium columbianum Rydb.; Fl. Rocky Mts. 808 (1917)
= Galium cymosum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 401 (1897)
= Galium taquetii H.Lév.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 438 (1912)
= Galium trifidum subsp. pacificum (Wiegand) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N. W. Coast: 336 (1915)
= Galium trifidum var. brevipedunculatum Regel; Tent. Fl. Ussur.: 77 (1861)
= Galium trifidum var. pacificum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 400 (1897)
subspecies :
subsp. halophilum (Fernald & Wiegand) Puff; Canad. J. Bot., 54(16): (1922 publ. 1976)
Distribution: Canada (Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Massachusetts, Maine)
72 CDN SPM 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium trifidum f. halophilum (Fernald & Wiegand) B.Boivin; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
= Galium trifidum var. halophilum Fernald & Wiegand; Rhodora 12: 78 (1910)
subspecies :
subsp. subbiflorum (Wiegand) Puff; Canad. J. Bot., 54(16): (1919 publ. 1976)
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Louisiana, Montana, New Mexico, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium claytonii subsp. subbiflorum (Wiegand) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N. W. Coast: 336 (1915)
= Galium claytonii var. subbiflorum (Wiegand) Wiegand; Rhodora 12: 229 (1910)
= Galium subbiflorum (Wiegand) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 152 (1906)
= Galium tinctorium var. subbiflorum (Wiegand) Fernald; Rhodora 39: 320 (1937)
= Galium trifidum var. pusillum A.Gray; Manual, ed. 5, 8: 208 (1867)
= Galium trifidum var. subbiflorum Wiegand; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 24: 399 (1897)
species :
Galium trifloriforme Kom.; Act. Hort. Petrop. 18: 428 (1900)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Nei Mongol, Qinghai); South Korea; Japan
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium japonicum var. trifloriformis (Kom.) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 31: 106 (1952)
species :
Galium triflorum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 80 (1803)
Name: Fragrant bedstraw
Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Finland; Switzerland; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Siberia (Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Guizhou, Sichuan); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); India (Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Nevada, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Vermont, Washington State, Wisconsin, West Virginia, Wyoming); Mexico (Tamaulipas, Veracruz)
10 FIN NOR SWE 11 SWI 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS 30 SIB 31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP 40 IND 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula galioides Jacquem. ex Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India 3: 205 (1881), nom. inval.
= Galium brachiatum Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. 1: 103 (1814)
= Galium bryophilum Goldb. ex M.A.Maxim.; Novyi Mag. Estestv. Istorii 1828: 16 (1828)
= Galium bryophyllum Goldb. ex DC.; Prodr. 4: 602 (1830), nom. inval.
= Galium cuspidatum Muhl.; Cat. ed. I (1813), 16, ed. II. 15, ex Elliott Sketch 1: 197
= Galium gratum Wall.; Numer. List: no. 6211 (1831), nom. nud.
= Galium jalapense Schltdl.; Linnaea 9: 591 (1834)
= Galium longicaule Raf.; Fl. Ludov.: 75 (1817)
= Galium obovatum Schltdl. & Cham.; Linnaea 5: 164 (1830), nom. illeg.
= Galium paridifolium Eschsch. ex Ledeb.; Fl. Ross. 2: 412 (1844)
= Galium pennsylvanicum W.P.C.Barton; Comp. Fl. Philadelph. 1: 83 (1818)
= Galium suaveolens Wahlenb.; Fl. Lapp.: 48 (1812)
= Galium triflorum f. glabrum Leyendecker; Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 15: 180 (1941)
= Galium triflorum f. hispidum Leyendecker; Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 15: 180 (1941)
= Galium triflorum f. rollandii Vict.; Naturaliste Canad. 71: 208 (1944)
= Galium triflorum var. asprelliforme Fernald; Rhodora 37: 445 (1935)
= Galium triflorum var. bryophyllum (Goldb. ex DC.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium triflorum var. viridiflorum DC.; Prodr. 4: 602 (1830)
species :
Galium trilobum Colenso; Trans. & Proc. N. Z. Inst. 20: 192 (1888)
Distribution: New Zealand (incl. Stewart Isl., Ruapuke Isl.); Chatham Isl.
51 CTM NZL
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium tenuicaule A.Cunn.; Ann. Nat. Hist. 2: 205 (1839), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium trojanum Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 385 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (WN-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium truniacum (Ronniger) Ronniger; A. Kern., Sched. Fl. Exsicc. Austro-Hung. 10: 52 (1913)
Name: Traunsee-Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); Austria
11 AUT GER
Remarks: lucidum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lucidum subvar. truniacum (Ronniger) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 214 (1914)
= Galium corrudifolium subsp. truniacum Ronniger; Exsicc. (Herb. Norm.) 51-52: 22 (1910)
species :
Galium tubiflorum Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 22: 353, f. 4 (1958)
Distribution: Turkey (Inner Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium tuncelianum Yild.; Ot Sist. Bot. Dergisi 17(2): 103 (2010)
Distribution: Turkey
34 TUR
species :
Galium tunetanum Lam.; Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 583 (1788)
Distribution: S-Spain (Sa. de las Nieves); Sicily; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 SPA 13 SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN
Remarks: verum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium serotinum Munby; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 284 (1855), nom. illeg., non Boiss. & Heldr.
= Galium tunetanum var. hirtum Batt.; Batt. & Trab., Fl. Algérie, Dicot.: 397 (1890)
= Galium tunetanum var. lanigerum Batt. ex Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 17: 115 (1926)
species :
Galium turgaicum Knjaz.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 88(12): 88 (2003)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
species :
Galium turkestanicum Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 717 (1958)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; China (Xinjiang)
32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 36 CHI
species :
Galium tyraicum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 468 (1961)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium macilentum Klokov & Zaver.; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Nizsh. Rast. (Kiew), 1974: 85 (1974)
species :
Galium uliginosum L.; Sp. Pl. 106 (1753)
Name: Moor-Labkraut, Fen bedstraw
Distribution: Iceland; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; NE-Spain; Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Kazakhstan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Turkey (NE-Anatolia); China (Xinjiang, ?Sichuan, ?Yunnan); Mongolia; New Zealand [I]; Chatham Isl. [I]; Greenland [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BUL CRO ITA KOS ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST LAT LIT RUS UKR 30 SIB 32 KAZ 33 ARM GEO 34 TUR 36 CHI 37 MON 51 ctm nzl 70 gnl
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium albolutescens Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 8 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium aquaticum Willd.; Schult. & Schult.f., Mant. 3: 158 (1827)
= Galium grandiflorum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 7 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium hirsutum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 10 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium langei Sennen; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 27: 173 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Galium minus Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 9 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium palustre var. uliginosum (L.) Fiori; Nuov. Fl. Italia 2: 496 (1927)
= Galium spinulosum Mérat; Nouv. Fl. Env. Paris: 58 (1812)
= Galium spurium Spreng.; Fl. Hal.: 52 (1832), nom. illeg.
= Galium sylvaticum subsp. supinum Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 312 (1882)
= Galium uliginosum f. latifolium (T.Marsson) Hayek; Hayek & Hegi, 221 (1914)
= Galium uliginosum subvar. rubriflorum (Arv.-Touv.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 42 (1903)
= Galium uliginosum var. ericetorum H.Post; Bot. Not. 1844: 123 (1844)
= Galium uliginosum var. glabratum Döll; 448 (1843)
= Galium uliginosum var. hirsutum Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 90 (1836)
= Galium uliginosum var. latifolium T.Marsson; 221 (1869)
= Galium uliginosum var. meratianum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 42 (1903)
= Galium uliginosum var. minus Wimm. & Grab.; 121 (1827)
= Galium uliginosum var. nanum Gaudin; Fl. Helv. 1: 436 (1828)
= Galium uliginosum var. rubriflorum Arv.-Touv.; Add. Monogr. Pilos.: 20 (1888)
species :
Galium uncinulatum DC.; Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
Name: Bristly bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, Texas); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Sur, Chiapas, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Sonora, Tamaulipas, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Zacatecas); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Panama
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX 80 COS GUA PAN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nelsonii Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 33: 460 (1898)
= Galium obstipum f. angustifolium Schltdl.; Linnaea 9: 593 (1835)
= Galium obstipum f. latifolium Schltdl.; Linnaea 9: 593 (1835)
= Galium obstipum Schltdl.; Linnaea 9: 592 (1835)
= Galium rotundifolium var. angustifolium (Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 282 (1891)
= Galium uncinulatum var. obstipum (Schltdl.) S.Watson; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 18: 94 (1883)
species :
Galium undulatum Puff; J. S. African Bot. 44(3): 262 (1978), nom. nov.
Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov.)
27 SAF
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium uncinatum Licht. ex Bartlett & H.L.Wendl.; Beitr. Bot. 2: 12 (1825), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium uniflorum Michx.; Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 79 (1803)
Name: Oneflower bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas, Virginia)
77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Bataprine uniflora (Michx.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 1: 264 (1910)
species :
Galium uruguayense Bacigalupo; Darwiniana 19: 515 (1975)
Distribution: Uruguay (Maldonado, Tacuarembo); Argentina (Misiones)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium uruguayense var. echinulatum Bacigalupo; Darwiniana 19: 518 (1975)
species :
Galium valantioides M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur. Caucasus 1: 102 (1808)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE GEO NCS
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium rubioides Pollich; Hist. Pl. Palat. 1: 150 (1776), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium valdepilosum Heinr.Braun; Formánek, Beitr. Fl. Mittl. Südl. Mähr. 43 (1886)
Name: Mährisches Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Denmark; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Sachsen, +Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; W-Ukraine
10 DEN 11 AUT CZE GER POL 14 UKR
Remarks: pusillum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium anisophyllon subsp. bavaricum Ehrend.; 7 (1956)
= Galium pumilum subsp. slesvicense Sterner ex Hyl.; Uppsala Univ. Årsskr. 7: 300 (1945)
= Galium valdepilosum subsp. slesvicense (Sterner) Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124: 177 (1975)
species :
Galium valentinum Lange; Vid. Meddel. Dansk Naturh. Foren. Kiobenhavn 1881: 95 (1882)
Distribution: E- & SE-Spain
12 SPA
species :
Galium vartanii Grossh.; Trans. Geo-Bot. Invest. Pasturelands, Aserbaijan, ser. B. Pt. 1, 78 (1929)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Armenia; Azerbaijan
33 ARM AZE NCS
species :
Galium vassilczenkoi Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 714 (1958)
Distribution: Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Pakistan (Quetta)
32 TZK 34 AFG 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium afghanicum Ehrend.; K. Danske Vid. Selsk., Biol. Skrift. 10: No. 3 (Symb. Afghan. IV.) 142(1959)
species :
Galium velenovskyi Ancev; Dokl. Bolg. Akad. Nauk, 28(11): 1534 (1975)
Distribution: Bulgaria
13 BUL
species :
Galium verrucosum Huds.; Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London 56: 251 (1767)
Name: Anis-Labkraut (DE); Warty bedstraw (EN); Raspilla verrucosa (ES)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Switzerland [I]; Austria [I]; Poland [I]; Portugal; Spain; Gibraltar; Baleares; France; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Isole Pelagie (Lampedusa); Pantelleria; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Albania; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Madeira (Madeira Isl., Porto Santo Isl.); Canary Isl. (Gran Canaria, Tenerife, La Gomera, Hierro, La Palma Isl.); East Aegaean Isl. (incl. Rhodos); Cyprus (C-Mountains, E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus, W-Cyprus); Lebanon (C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Israel (coastal W-Israel, N-Israel); USA [I] (Michigan [I])
11 aut ger pol swi 12 BAL COR FRA GIB POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH CRO GRC ITA KRI PEL PTL SIC 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 CNY MDR 34 CYP EAI ISR LEB 75 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparine tricornis Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868), nom. superfl.
= Aparine verrucosa (Huds.) Moench; Methodus: 640 (1794)
= Galium granulatum (Spreng.) Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. ed. 15[bis]. 3: 249 (1818)
= Galium saccharatum All.; Auct. Syn. Stirp. Horti Taur.: 9 (1773), nom. illeg.
= Galium saccharatum var. pleianthum Murb.; Acta Univ. Lund. 33(12): 91 (1897)
= Galium tricorne Stokes; W. Withering, Bot. Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 2, 1: 153 (1787), nom. superfl.
= Galium vaillantii var. halophilum Ponzo; Boll. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1912: 105 (1912)
= Galium valantia Weber; F. H. Wiggers, Prim. Fl. Holsat.: 12 (1780), nom. superfl.
= Galium verrucosum subsp. halophilum (Ponzo) Lambinon; Bull. Soc. Échange Pl. Vasc. Eur. Occid. Bassin Médit. 26: 83 (1997)
= Galium verrucosum var. halophilum (Ponzo) Natali & Jeanm.; Candollea 43: 397 (1988)
= Rubia tricornis Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 373 (1880), nom. superfl.
= Valantia aparine L.; Sp. Pl.: 1051 (1753)
= Valantia granulata Spreng.; J. Bot. (Schrad.) 1800(2): 200 (1800)
= Valantia saccharata (All.) C.C.Gmel.; Fl. Bad. 3: 781 (1808)
= Valantia tricornis (Stokes) Roth; Neue Beytr. Bot. 1: 142 (1802)
species :
Galium verticillatum Danth.; Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 2: 585 (1788)
Distribution: E- & S-Spain; France; Italy; Sicily; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (incl. Kiklades); Crete; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NW-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran); Afghanistan (Balkh, Herat); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains)
12 FRA SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI ROM SIC SRB 14 KRY UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM GEO NCS 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Aparinanthus verticillatus (Danthoine ex Lam.) Fourr.; Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n. s. 16: 397 (1868)
= Galium murale M.Bieb.; Fl. Taur.-Caucas. 1: 105 (1808), nom. illeg.
= Galium smithii G.Don; Gen. Hist. 3: 660 (1834)
= Galium verticillatum f. leiocarpum Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 265 (1936), nom. illeg.
= Galium verticillatum f. robustum Pau; Butl. Inst. Catalana Hist. Nat. 7: 91 (1907)
= Galium verticillatum f. trichocarpum Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 265 (1936)
= Galium verticilliflorum Pourr. ex Lapeyr.; Hist. Pl. Pyrénées, Suppl.: 24 (1818)
= Sherardia erecta Sm.; Sibth. & Sm., Fl. Graec. Prodr. 1: 86 (1806)
= Sherardia minuta Pall. ex Georgi; Beschr. Russ. Reich. 3(4): 727 (1800)
species :
Galium verum L.; Sp. Pl. 107 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. verum
Name: Echtes Labkraut (DE), Yellow Spring bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hamburg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece; S-European Russia; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl.; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia: Mesopotamian Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq); Iran (NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Takhar); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (Jbel Druze, W-Syrian Mountains); China (Anhui, Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Zhejiang); Tibet; Mongolia; Mongolia; North Korea; South Korea; Japan; NE-Pakistan (Gilgit, Astor, Deosai); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir); New Zealand [I]; Greenland [I]; Canada [I] (Alberta [I], British Columbia [I], Manitoba [I], New Brunswick [I], Newfoundland [I], Nova Scotia [I], Ontario [I], Prince Edward Isl. [I], Québec [I]); USA [I] (California [I], Colorado [I], Connecticut [I], District of Columbia [I], Delaware [I], Iowa [I], Idaho [I], Illinois [I], Indiana [I], Kansas [I], Kentucky [I], Massachusetts [I], Maryland [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], Minnesota [I], Missouri [I], Montana [I], North Carolina [I], North Dakota [I], Nebraska [I], New Hampshire [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Ohio [I], Oregon [I], Pennsylvania [I], Rhode Island [I], South Dakota [I], Virginia [I], Vermont [I], Washington State [I], Wisconsin [I], West Virginia [I], Wyoming [I]); Argentina [I]
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 20 ALG MOR TUN 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO 34 AFG EAI IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR 36 CHI TIB 37 MON 38 JAP KOR NKO 40 IND PAK 51 nzl 70 gnl 71 cdn 72 cdn 73 usa 74 usa 75 usa 76 usa 78 usa 85 arg
Remarks: verum agg. See also G. ruthenicum and G. wirtgenii
Synonyms: hidden
= Asterophyllum galium K.F.Schimp. & Spenn.; F. C. L. Spenner, Fl. Friburg. 3: 1077 (1829)
= Galium affine Roth; Enum. Pl. Phaen. Germ. 1(1): 474 (1827)
= Galium alpinum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 288 (1866), nom. superfl.
= Galium approximatum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France Corse 2: 20 (1850)
= Galium bracteolatum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 374 (1927)
= Galium caucasicum Lag.; Gen. Sp. Pl.: 9 (1816)
= Galium floridum Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 58 (1796), nom. superfl.
= Galium gironae Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 374 (1927)
= Galium glabratum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 472 (1961)
= Galium glabrum Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. 3: 72 (1800), nom. illeg.
= Galium leonis Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 293 (1936)
= Galium luteoverticillatum St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 126 (1880)
= Galium luteum Garsault; Fig. Pl. Anim. Med. t. 284 (1764), Descr. Pl. Anim. 179 (1767), Thell. in Bull. Herb. Boiss., ser. II. 8: 790
= Galium luteum Lam.; Fl. Franç. 3: 381 (1779)
= Galium luteum Moench; 485 (1794), nom. illeg.
= Galium luteum St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., ed. 8, 2: 387 (1889), nom. illeg., non Lam.
= Galium luteum var. brachycarpum (DC.) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 387 (1889)
= Galium luteum var. trachyphyllum (DC.) St.-Lag.; Cariot, Étude Fl., éd. 8, 2: 387 (1889)
= Galium mauryi Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 652 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Galium minimum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 10 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium minutum L.; Sp. Pl.: 106 (1753)
= Galium officinale Gaterau; Descr. Pl. Montaub. 43 (1789)
= Galium pallidiflorum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 281 (1866)
= Galium palustre var. effusum Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl.: 74 (1820)
= Galium palustre var. vulgare Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl.: 74 (1820)
= Galium pentandrum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 10 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium poligamum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 13 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium pseudoverum Schur; Enum. Pl. Transsilv.: 281 (1866)
= Galium ruthenicum f. setulosum H.Lindb.; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 25: 28 (1900)
= Galium squarrosum Sennen; Diagn. Nouv.: 288 (1936)
= Galium sublutaeum Gilib.; Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 10 (1782), opus utique oppr.
= Galium sylvestre var. glabrum (Hoffm.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 327 (1879)
= Galium tenderiense Klokov; Kotov, Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 471 (1961)
= Galium tomentellum Klokov; Kotov, Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 470 (1961)
= Galium trichophyllum Wulfen; Roem., Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 3: 319 (1805), nom. illeg.
= Galium tuberculatum C.Presl; J. Presl & C. Presl, Delic. Prag.: 120 (1822)
= Galium vernum subsp. alpinum (Schur) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 155 (1889)
= Galium verosimile Roem. & Schult.; Syst. Veg. 3: 234 (1818)
= Galium verum lusus glabrum Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 9 (1867)
= Galium verum lusus hispidulum Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 9 (1867)
= Galium verum lusus tomentosum (C.A.Mey.) Regel & Herder; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(I): 10 (1867)
= Galium verum f. album H.Hara; J. Jap. Bot. 10: 368 (1934)
= Galium verum f. album Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 343 (1939), nom. illeg.
= Galium verum f. angustifolium Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 56 (1822)
= Galium verum f. bracteolatum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 374 (1927)
= Galium verum f. crebrifolium Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 7 (1903)
= Galium verum f. gironei Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 374 (1927), nom. nud.
= Galium verum f. hispidulum Caball.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 2: 240 (1942)
= Galium verum f. intermedium (Nakai) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 34: 51 (1920)
= Galium verum f. latifolium Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 56 (1822)
= Galium verum f. luteolum Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 5(11): 47 (1928)
= Galium verum f. puberulum Serg.; Trudy Biol. Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 68 (1936)
= Galium verum f. setulosum (H.Lindb.) Cajander; Mela, Suom. Kasvio, ed. 5: 534 (1906)
= Galium verum f. souliei Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 74: 374 (1927)
= Galium verum f. subpubescens Serg.; Trudy Biol. Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 68 (1936)
= Galium verum f. tomentosum (C.A.Mey.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 34: 50 (1920)
= Galium verum f. trichanthum Ancev; Dokl. Bulg. Akad. Nauk 28: 1535 (1975)
= Galium verum f. virens Pau; Not. Bot. Fl. Españ. 6: 58 (1895)
= Galium verum subsp. leiophyllum (Wallr.) Schübl. & G.Martens; 101 (1834)
= Galium verum subsp. maritimum (DC.) Adema; Gorteria 10: 156 (1981)
= Galium verum subsp. ochroleucum Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium verum subsp. pamiroalaicum (Pobed.) Kamelin; Fl. Ushchel. Reki Varzob 282 (2021)
= Galium verum subsp. praecox Rech.f.; (1943) (non (Láng) Hayek 1930)
= Galium verum var. albidum Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl., ed. 10: 39 (1870)
= Galium verum var. asparagifolium Rchb.; 210 (1832)
= Galium verum var. compactum Touss. & Hoschedé; Fl. Vernon: 188 (1898)
= Galium verum var. depressum Briq. & Cavill.; Burnat, Fl. Alpes Marit. 5(2): 126 (1915)
= Galium verum var. lasiocarpum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 13 (1903), nom. illeg.
= Galium verum var. leiophyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit.: 56 (1822)
= Galium verum var. littorale Bréb.; Fl. Normandie, ed. 3: 138 (1859)
= Galium verum var. luteum (Lam.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 34: 49 (1920)
= Galium verum var. luteum H.Mart.; 28 (1817)
= Galium verum var. luteum Syme; 214 (1865)
= Galium verum var. maritimum DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 4: 248 (1805)
= Galium verum var. pallidiflorum F.Gérard; Magn. Fl. Sel.: 2749 (1894)
= Galium verum var. pallidum Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen 2: 277 (1872)
= Galium verum var. pallidum Jess.; 84 (1879), nom. illeg.
= Galium verum var. planifolium Jess.; 84 (1879)
= Galium verum var. praecox Láng ex Hagenb.; Tent. Fl. Basil., Suppl.: 26 (1843)
= Galium verum var. praecox Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 343 (1939), nom. illeg.
= Galium verum var. pseudolittorale Caball.; Anales Inst. Bot. Cavanilles 2: 240 (1942)
= Galium verum var. pubescens Guss.; Fl. Sicul. Prodr. 1: 171 (1827)
= Galium verum var. subulatum Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 88 (1836)
= Galium verum var. supinum Tinant; Fl. Luxemb.: 88 (1836)
= Galium verum var. tomentosum C.A.Mey.; Verz. Pfl. Casp. Meer.: 54 (1831)
= Galium verum var. trachycaulis Trautv. & C.A.Mey.; Middend., Reise Sibir. 1(2
= Galium verum var. verosimile (Roem. & Schult.) Garcke; 217 (1848)
= Galium verum var. verosimile (Roem. & Schult.) H.Lindb.; Acta Soc. Sci. Fenn., Ser. B, Opera Biol. 1(2): 146 (1932)
= Galium verum var. vulgare Hartm.; Handb. Skand. Fl.: 74 (1820)
= Galium wettsteinii Ullep.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 43: 421 (1893)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. approximatum (Gren.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Rubia vera (L.) Baill.; Hist. Pl. 7: 372 (1880)
variant :
var. trachyphyllum Wallr.; Sched. Crit. Pl. Fl. Halensis 56 (1822)
Distribution: China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Shanxi, Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Henan, Sichuan); North Korea; South Korea
36 CHI 38 KOR NKO
subspecies :
subsp. asiaticum (Nakai) T.Yamaz.; Fl. Japan, 3a: 240 (1993)
Distribution: Russian Far East (Primorye); China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Hebei, Shanxi, Shanxi, Gansu, Shandong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Zhejiang, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan); North Korea; South Korea; Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Alaska; Aleutes
31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO 70 ASK
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium lacteum (Maxim.) Pobed.; Kom., Fl. URSS 23: 718 (1958)
= Galium verum f. lacteum (Maxim.) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 34: 50 (1920)
= Galium verum var. asiaticum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 344 (1939)
= Galium verum var. intermedium Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 343 (1939)
= Galium verum var. japonalpinum Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 343 (1939)
variant :
var. hallaensis K.S.Jeong & K.Choi; Phytotaxa 302(1): 95 (2017)
Distribution: South Korea
38 KOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium pusillum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29: 4 (1915)
= Galium verum var. hallasanense M.Kim; Korean Endemic Pl. 312 (2017)
variant :
var. lacteum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Petersb. 19: 283 (1874)
Distribution: China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Gansu); North Korea; South Korea; Japan
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO
variant :
var. nikkoense Nakai; J. Jap. Bot. 15: 347 (1939)
Distribution: China (Shandong); Japan
36 CHI 38 JAP
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium verum f. nikkoense (Nakai) Ohwi; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 86 (1953)
subspecies :
subsp. glabrescens Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 127(4): 304 (1977)
Distribution: SC-Turkey; NE-Iraq; N-Iraq; NW-Iran; Lebanon; Syria
34 IRN IRQ LEB SYR TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Mikheev; Bot. Zhurn., 77(10): 71 (1992) (non G. glabrescens Dempster & Ehrend. 1965)
= Galium bassitense Thunb.; Mém. Inst. Egypt 40: 191 (1940)
subspecies :
subsp. meridionale F.M.Vázquez & Crystal; Folia Bot. Extremadur. 12: 161 (2018)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
species :
Galium vile (Cham. & Schltdl.) Dempster; Allertonia 5: 296 (1990)
Distribution: Uruguay (Cerro Largo, Colonia, Flores Prov., Florida Prov., Lavalleja, Maldonado, Montevideo, Paysandu, Rocha, Soriano); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Entre Rios, Misiones, Tucuman)
85 ARG URU
Synonyms: hidden
= Relbunium vile (Cham. & Schltdl.) K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 116 (1889)
= Relbunium vile var. tenuior K.Schum.; Mart., Fl. Bras. 6(6): 410 (1889)
= Rubia vilis Cham. & Schltdl.; Linnaea 3: 230 (1828)
species :
Galium virgatum Nutt. ex Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Am. 2: 20 (1841)
Name: Southwestern bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium nutans Nutt.; J. Torr. & A. Gray, Fl. N. Amer. 2: 20 (1841)
= Galium texanum Scheele; Linnaea 21: 597 (1848)
= Galium virgatum var. leiocarpum Torr. & A.Gray; Fl. N. Amer. 2: 20 (1841)
species :
Galium viridiflorum Boiss. & Reut.; Pugillus 51 (1852)
Distribution: SW-Spain (Granada, Ronda); ?Morocco
12 SPA
species :
Galium viscosum Vahl; Symb. Bot. 2: 29 (1791)
subspecies :
subsp. viscosum
Distribution: S-Portugal; S-Spain; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia
12 POR SPA 20 ALG MOR TUN
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium agglomeratum Poir.; Lam., Encycl., Suppl. 2: 690 (1812)
= Galium campestre Schousb. ex Willd.; Enum. Pl.: 152 (1809)
= Galium gibraltaricum Schott; Isis (Oken) 21: 821 (1828)
= Galium glomeratum Desf.; Fl. Atlant. 1: 128 (1798)
= Galium glomeratum var. campestre (Schousb. ex Willd.) Ball; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 487 (1878)
= Galium viscosum var. campestre (Schousb. ex Willd.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 331 (1879)
= Galium viscosum var. gibraltaricum (Schott) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 34 (1925)
= Galium viscosum var. glomeratum (Desf.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 34 (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. bovei (Boiss. & Reut.) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 34 (1925)
Distribution: Morocco; Algeria
20 ALG MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium bovei Boiss. & Reut.; Pugill. Pl. Afr. Bor. Hispan.: 50 (1852)
= Galium bovei var. hesperium Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 32 (1925)
= Galium glomeratum var. bovei (Boiss. & Reut.) Pau; Font Quer, Exsicc. (Iter Marocc.) 1928: no. 612 (1928)
= Galium viscosum var. bovei (Boiss. & Reut.) Font Quer; Cavanillesia 1: 77 (1928)
= Galium viscosum var. hesperium (Maire) Maire; Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 16: 34 (1925)
subspecies :
subsp. rifanum (Emb. & Maire) Maire; Cavanillesia 2: 172 (1939)
Distribution: Morocco
20 MOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium rifanum Emb. & Maire; Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Maroc, No. 17, 49 (1927)
= Galium rifanum var. flavovirens Emb. & Maire; Pl. Marocc. Nov. 3: 4 (1930)
= Galium viscosum var. flavovirens (Emb. & Maire) Maire; Jahand. et al., Cat. Pl. Maroc 3: 715 (1934)
species :
Galium volcanense Dempster; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 64: 27 (1973)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur)
79 MEX
species :
Galium volhynicum Pobed.; Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Leningrad) 7: 278 (1971), nom. nov.
Name: Wolhynisches Labkraut
Distribution: Serbia; Romania; Bulgaria; Moldova; C-Ukraine
13 BUL ROM SRB 14 MLD UKR
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula galioides subsp. tyraica (Besser) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 332 (1879)
= Asperula tyraica Besser; Enum. Pl. Volh.: 41 (1821)
species :
Galium watsonii (A.Gray) A.Heller; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 627 (1898)
Name: Watson´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium multiflorum var. watsonii A.Gray; Syn. Fl.: 40 (1894)
= Galium hypotrichium subsp. utahense Ehrend.; Contr. Dudley Herb. 5: 12 (1956)
species :
Galium weberbaueri K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 349 (1908)
Distribution: Peru
83 PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium andicolum K.Krause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 40: 350 (1908)
= Galium limense Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 4: 298 (1929)
species :
Galium wendelboi Ehrend. & Schönb.-Tem.; Pl. Syst. Evol., 174(3-4): 209 (1991)
Distribution: N-Iran
34 IRN
species :
Galium werdermannii Standl.; Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 8: 398 (1931)
Distribution: Peru; Chile (Biobío, Araucanía)
83 PER 85 CLE
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium closianum Briq.; Annuaire Conserv. Jard. Bot. Geneve 11 & 12: 191 (1908)
= Galium hypnoides Clos; Gay, Pl. CWil. 3: 183 (1848)
species :
Galium wigginsii Dempster; Brittonia 22: 188 (1970)
Distribution: Mexico (Baja California Norte)
79 MEX
species :
Galium wirtgenii F.W.Schultz; Arch. Fl. 201 (1855)
Name: Wirtgen-Labkraut, Wirtgen´s bedstraw (EN)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein [I], Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Slovenia; Albania; European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, W-Siberia [I], Yakutia); Mongolia; Canada [I] (Québec [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Indiana [I], Massachusetts [I], Maine [I], Michigan [I], New Jersey [I], New York [I], Pennsylvania [I], Vermont [I])
11 AUT CZE GER HUN LIE POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 ALB SLV 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 37 MON 72 cdn 75 usa
Remarks: verum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium hypanicum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 467 (1961)
= Galium praecox (K.H.Lang) A.Kern.; Sched. Fl. Austro-Hung. 6: 78 (1893)
= Galium vernum var. wirtgenii (F.W.Schultz) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium verum subsp. praecox (K.H.Lang) Petr.; 21 (1910)
= Galium verum subsp. wirtgenii (F.W.Schultz) Oborný; Verh. Naturf. Ver. Brann 23(2): 735 (1885)
= Galium verum var. praecox K.H.Láng ex Hagenb.; Tent. Fl. Basil., Suppl.: 26 (1843)
= Galium verum var. wirtgenii (F.W.Schultz) Celak.; 118 (1870)
species :
Galium wrightii A.Gray; Pl. Wright. 1: 80 (1852)
Name: Wright´s bedstraw
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Sonora)
76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium frankliniense Correll; Madrono 19: 191 (1968)
= Galium rothrockii A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 203 (1881 publ. 1882)
= Galium wrightii var. latifolium B.L.Rob. & Fernald; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 30: 116 (1894)
= Galium wrightii var. rothrockii (A.Gray) Ehrend. ex Ferris; Contrib. Dudley Herb. 5: 99 (1958)
species :
Galium xeroticum (Klokov) Pobed.; Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc. (Leningrad) 7: 278 (1971)
Distribution: Crimea
14 KRY
Synonyms: hidden
= Asperula xerotica Klokov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 18: 228 (1957)
= Galium biebersteinii Ehrend.; Pl. Syst. Evol. 124: 174 (1975)
= Galium xeroticum (Klokov) Soó; Feddes Repert. 83(3): 168 (1972), isonym
species :
Galium xylorrhizum Boiss. & A.Huet; Boiss., Diagn. ser. 2, 2: 115 (1856)
Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Turkey (E-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia)
33 GEO 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium leiophyllum var. stenophyllum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. 3: 51 (1875)
= Galium praemontanum var. armazicum Mardal.; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 70: 265 (1985)
species :
Galium yunnanense H.Hara & C.Y.Wu; J. Jap. Bot. 61(3): 74 (1986)
Distribution: China (Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium elegans var. angustifolium Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 230 (1940)
= Galium elegans var. nemorosum Cufod.; Österr. Bot. Z. 89: 230 (1940)
species :
Galium zabense Ehrend.; Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 37: 255 (1979)
Distribution: Turkey (SE-Anatolia)
34 TUR
species :
Galium ×albertii Rouy; Fl. Fr. 8: 10 (1903)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Galium boreale x G. verum
species :
Galium ×barcinonense Sennen; Bol. Soc. Ibér. Ci. Nat. 27: 181 (1928 publ. 1929)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Galium lucidum x G. maritimum
species :
Galium ×buekkense Huljak; Magyar Bot. Lap. 26: 24 (1927 publ. 1928)
Distribution: Hungary
11 HUN
Remarks: Galium abaujense x G. vernum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×huljakii Jáv.; Magyar Bot. Lapok 26: 24 (1927 publ. 1928)
species :
Galium ×carmineum Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Genéve ser. 2, 27: 92 (1937)
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; France; Italy; Slovenia
11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: rubrum agg., Galium anisophyllon x (x) centroniae
species :
Galium ×centroniae Cariot; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 6: 13 (1879)
Distribution: Switzerland; Austria; France; Italy; Slovenia (Alps)
11 AUT SWI 12 FRA 13 ITA SLV
Remarks: rubrum agg., Galium pumilum x rubrum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium obliquum var. centroniae (Cariot) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur., Suppl. 2: 152 (1889)
= Galium rubrum var. centroniae (Cariot) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 27 (1903)
species :
Galium ×digeneum A.Kern.; Österr. Bot. Z. 26: 118 (1876)
Distribution: Germany (Brandenburg, Thüringen); Austria; etc.
11 AUT GER
Remarks: Galium album x glaucum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×baumgartneri Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2(2): 1124 (1893)
species :
Galium ×effulgens Beck; Fl. Nied. Österr. II. 2: 1124 (1893)
Distribution: Austria; Spain
11 AUT 12 SPA
Remarks: Galium lucidum x G. verum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×paui Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 651 (1926 publ. 1927)
species :
Galium ×fictum Camus; Rouy, Fl. France 8: 22 (1903)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Galium glaucum x G. mollugo
Synonyms: hidden
= xAsperugalium fictum (E.G.Camus) P.Fourn.; Quatre Fl. France, 883 (1938)
species :
Galium ×himmelbaurianum (Ronniger) Soó; Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 117 (1966)
Distribution: Bulgaria; Ukraine
13 BUL 14 UKR
Remarks: Galium humifusum x G. verum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×jubilaeare Ostapko; Indust. Bot. 20: 5 (2020)
= Galium ×raisiae Ostapko; Ukrayins´k. Bot. Zhurn. 50(6): 61 (1993)
= xGaliasperula himmelbauriana Ronniger; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29: 143 (1931)
species :
Galium ×hungaricum A.Kern.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 26: 119 (1876)
Distribution: Hungary
11 HUN
Remarks: Galium mollugo x G. schultesii
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×gyoerffyi Hulják; Magyar Bot. Lapok 25: 268 (1926 publ. 1927)
species :
Galium ×huteri A.Kern.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 26: 119 (1876)
Distribution: Italy
13 ITA
Remarks: Galium laevigatum x G. lucidum
species :
Galium ×jansenii Kloos; Nederl. Kruid. Arch. Versl., 424 (1929 publ. 1930)
Distribution: S-Germany
11 GER
Remarks: Galium sylvaticum x G. mollugo
species :
Galium ×jarynae Wolosz.; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 37: 227 (1887)
Distribution: Spain; France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Galium aristatum x G. mollugo
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×elegans Blocki; Österr. Bot. Z. 42: 350 (1892), nom. nud.
= Galium ×honoratae Blocki; Österr. Bot. Z. 43: 108 (1893), nom. nud.
species :
Galium ×kondratjukii Ostapko; Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 50(6): 60 (1993)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
Remarks: Galium cincinnatum x G. tomentosum
species :
Galium ×lanulosum Ostapko; Ukr. Bot. Zhurn. 50(6): 62 (1993)
Distribution: Ukraine
14 UKR
Remarks: Galium humifusum x G. tomentosum
species :
Galium ×lindbergii Giraudias; Bull. Assoc. Pyren. Echange Pl. 15: 13 (1905), Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Nov. Sp. viii.32
Distribution: Spain; France
12 FRA SPA
species :
Galium ×mutabile Besser; Enum. Pl.: 42 (1821)
Distribution: Belgium; Germany; Hungary; France; Romania; European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (W-Siberia)
11 BGM GER HUN 12 FRA 13 ROM 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB
Remarks: Galium mollugo L. x Galium verum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×aberrans Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2(2): 1123 (1893)
= Galium ×depauperatum J.Schust.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 2: 96 (1906)
= Galium ×eminens Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 19 (1850)
= Galium ×intercedens A.Kern.; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 20: 326 (1870)
= Galium ×spectabile Beck; Fl. Nieder-Österreich 2(2): 1123 (1893)
species :
Galium ×neglectum Le Gall ex Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 22 (1850)
Distribution: Spain; France
12 FRA SPA
Remarks: Galium album x G. arenarium
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium erectum var. dunense Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie: 299 (1894)
= Galium mollugo subsp. neglectum (Le Gall ex Gren.) Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879)
= Galium mollugo var. dunense (Corb.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 16 (1903)
= Galium ×neglectum var. dunense (Corb.) Rouy; Bull. Assoc. Franç. Bot. 5: 148 (1902)
= Galium ×simonii Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 385 (1903)
species :
Galium ×pomariorum Vollrath & Breitf.; Ber. Naturwiss. Ges. Bayreuth. 27: 275 (2015)
Distribution: Germany (Bayern); etc.
11 GER
Remarks: Galium album x sylvaticum
species :
Galium ×pomeranicum Retz.; Fl. Scand. Prodr. ed. 2, 34 (1795)
Name: Gelblichweißes Labkraut (DE)
Distribution: Iceland; England; Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Netherlands; Belgium; Germany (Brandenburg, Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland [I], Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; ?Sardinia; Italy; ?Sicily; Malta; Slovenia; Croatia; Serbia; Kosovo; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece; Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; C-European Russia; E-European Russia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Canada [I] (New Brunswick [I]); USA [I] (Connecticut [I], Massachusetts [I], New York [I])
10 DEN FIN GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS FRA POR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT RUS UKR 72 cdn 75 usa
Remarks: Galium album x verum, verum agg.
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium mollugo f. calvifrons Heinr.Braun; 162 (1892)
= Galium mollugo f. decolorans (Gren.) Heinr.Braun; 163 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. abietinum Heinr.Braun; 162 (1892)
= Galium mollugo var. guillemotii (Corb.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 8 (1903)
= Galium mollugo var. ochroleucum Fr.; Novit. Fl. Svec.: 66 (1819)
= Galium ruthenicum f. piliferum H.Lindb.; Meddeland. Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. 25: 28 (1900)
= Galium verum f. piliferum (H.Lindb.) Cajander; Mela, Suom. Kasvio, ed. 5: 534 (1906)
= Galium verum subvar. ochroleucum (Fr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 12 (1903)
= Galium verum var. ochroleucum (J.P.Wolff) Günther, Grab. & Wimm.; 27 (1824)
= Galium verum var. ochroleucum (J.P.Wolff) Ortmann; Glückselig, 85 (1842), isonym
= Galium verum var. ochroleucum Fr.; Novit. Fl. Suec. Alt.: 23 (1828)
= Galium ×ambiguum Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 20 (1850)
= Galium ×bailletii E.G.Camus; Bull. Soc. Étude Fl. Franç.-Helv. 3: 21 (1900)
= Galium ×ceretanum Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 73: 652 (1926 publ. 1927)
= Galium ×decolorans Gren.; Gren. & Godr., Fl. France 2: 19 (1850), nom. superfl.
= Galium ×flavum Wallr.; Erst. Beitr. Fl. Hercyn.: 178 (1840)
= Galium ×guillemotii Corb.; Nouv. Fl. Normandie: 301 (1894)
= Galium ×hillardiae Druce; Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 8: 869 (1928 publ. 1929)
= Galium ×mouretii Sennen; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 47: 433 (1900)
= Galium ×ochroleucum Rochel; Pl. Banat. Rar., index: s.p. (1828), nom. illeg.
= Galium ×ochroleucum subsp. angustifolium Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen: 278 (1871)
= Galium ×ochroleucum subsp. latifolium Celak.; Prodr. Fl. Böhmen: 278 (1871)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. ambiguum (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 20 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. approximatum (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. bailletii (E.G.Camus) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. decolorans (Gren. & Godr.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. effugens Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. fallacinum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 20 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. gonsei Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. guillemotii (Corb.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. mouretii (Sennen) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 20 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. palatinum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. pseudocinereum Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 21 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. sternbergii Knaf ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 324 (1879), nom. inval.
= Galium ×ochroleucum var. timbalii (Har.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 8: 20 (1903)
= Galium ×ochroleucum Wolf ex Schweigg. & Körte; Fl. Erlang.: 36 (1804), nom. illeg.
= Galium ×odessanum Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 468 (1961)
= Galium ×palatinum F.W.Schultz ex Nyman; Consp. Fl. Eur.: 328 (1879)
= Galium ×pomeranicum nothosubsp. hillardiae (Druce) P.D.Sell; Fl. Great Britain Ireland 4: 530 (2006)
= Galium ×pomeranicum nothovar. guillemotii (Corb.) B.Touss. & Lambinon; Nouv. Fl. Belg., ed. 6: 1061 (2012)
= Galium ×schiedeanum Fisch.-Benz.; Prahl, 114 (1889)
= Galium ×timbalii Har.; Bull. Soc. Étude Fl. Franç.-Helv. 1: 39 (1898)
= Galium ×verocinereum J.Serres; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 2: 223 (1855)
species :
Galium ×pralognense Beauverd; Bull. Soc. Bot. Geneve, ser. II. 19: 356 (1928 publ. 1927)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Galium pumilum x G. verum
species :
Galium ×prolazense Nyár.; Bul. Grad. Bot. Univ. Cluj 15: 55 (1935)
Distribution: Romania
13 ROM
Remarks: Galium album x G. flavescens
species :
Galium ×pseudoboreale Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 460 (1961)
Distribution: C-European Russia; Ukraine
14 RUS UKR
Remarks: Galium boreale x G. rubioides
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×pseudorubioides Klokov; Fl. RSS Ucr. 10: 460 (1961), nom. illeg.
species :
Galium ×querceticola Wolosz.; Exsicc. (Fl. Polon.) 1896: no. 952 (1896)
Distribution: Poland
11 POL
Remarks: Galium abaujense ssp. polonicum x G. intermedium
species :
Galium ×retzii Bouchard; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 97: 219 (1951)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Galium papillosum x G. verum
species :
Galium ×schmidelyi Chenevard & F.O.Wolf; Bull. Trav. Soc. Bot. Genève 9: 130 (1903)
Distribution: France
12 FRA
Remarks: Galium mollugo x G. rubrum
species :
Galium ×schneebergense Ronniger; Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 71: 49 (1922)
Distribution: Austria
11 AUT
Remarks: Galium anisophyllon x G. meliodorum
species :
Galium ×viciosorum Sennen & Pau; Bull. Géogr. Bot. 24: 241 (1914)
Distribution: Spain
12 SPA
Remarks: Galium maritimum x C. verum
Synonyms: hidden
= Galium ×delaribae Sennen & Gonzalo; Exsicc. (Pl. Esp.) 1925: 5479 (1925)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 19.2 (March 25th, 2024)

Covering 354,631 accepted species,
8,631 hybrids, 47,815 accepted infraspecific taxa and 995,902 synonyms,
in total 1,406,979* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

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With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

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