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384.0000 Family Caryophyllaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 299 (1789), nom. cons.
102 genera, ca. 3250 spp. Higher systematics: Xue et al. (2023)
Species listed in database: 3334; hybrids: 59
= Alsinaceae Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. [Bartling & Wendland] 2: 159 (1825), nom. cons.
= Cerastiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 271, 292 (1818)
= Corrigiolaceae Dumort.; Anal. Fam. Pl. 44, 49 (1829)
= Dianthaceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Dianthaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 271, 293 (1818)
= Herniariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 307 (1820)
= Illecebraceae R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 413 (1810), nom. cons.
= Lychnidaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 638 (1843)
= Minuartiaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 49 (1835)
= Ortegaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 443 (1820)
= Paronychiaceae Juss.; Mém. Mus. Hist. Nat. 2: 386 (1815)
= Polycarpaeaceae Mart.; Consp. Regn. Veg. [Martius] 49 (1835)
= Sabulinaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 623 (1843)
= Saginaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 239 (1820)
= Scleranthaceae J.Presl & C.Presl; Delic. Prag. 66 (1822)
= Silenaceae Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. [Bartling & Wendland] 2: 160 (1825)
= Spergulaceae Bartl.; Beitr. Bot. [Bartling & Wendland] 2: 158 (1825)
= Stellariaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 239 (1820)
= Telephiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 633 (1829)
384.0822 Genus Heterochroa Bunge; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 2: 131 (1830)
Distribution: Asia Minor to Russian Far East
Species listed in database: 7
species :
Heterochroa antoninae (Schischk.) Madhani & Zarre; Taxon 67(1): 107 (2018)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Iran (NE-Iran: Mts.)
32 TKM 34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Gypsophila antoninae Schischk.; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 6: 744 (1936), rossice, et Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 3: 180 (1937), latine
= Gypsophila porphyrantha Rech.f. & Aellen; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 75: 356 (1952)
species :
Heterochroa desertorum Bunge; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 2(6): 18 (1835 publ. 1836)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Tuva); China (Nei Mongol, N-Xinjiang); N-Mongolia
30 SIB 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Gypsophila desertorum (Bunge) Fenzl; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 1: 292 (1842)
species :
Heterochroa glandulosa Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient. 1: 15 (1843)
Distribution: Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; NE-Turkey
33 GEO NCS 34 TUR
Synonyms: hidden
= Gypsophila glandulosa (Boiss.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 2, Suppl. 1: 774 (1843)
species :
Heterochroa microphylla Schrenk; Enum. Pl. Nov. [Fischer & Meyer] 1: 92 (1841)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Gypsophila microphylla (Schrenk) Fenzl; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 1: 291 (1842)
species :
Heterochroa petraea Bunge; Fl. Altaic. [Ledebour] 2: 131 (1830)
Distribution: Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva); Kazakhstan; China (N-Xinjiang); N-Mongolia
30 SIB 32 KAZ 36 CHI 37 MON
Synonyms: hidden
= Arenaria sericea Ser.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 1: 414 (1824) (ex DC.)
= Gypsophila bungeana D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 2: 1542 (1840)
= Gypsophila petraea (Bunge) Fenzl; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 1: 291 (1842), nom. illeg.
= Gypsophila sericea (Ser. ex DC.) Krylov; Fl. Zapadnoi Sibiri 5: 1087 (1931), Stroh in Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 59: E. 458 (1939)
species :
Heterochroa turkestanica (Schischk.) Madhani & Zarre; Taxon 67(1): 107 (2018)
Distribution: Kazakhstan
32 KAZ
Synonyms: hidden
= Gypsophila turkestanica Schischk.; Trudy Bot. Muz. 24: 38 (1932)
species :
Heterochroa violacea (Ledeb.) Walp.; Repert. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 5: 81 (1845)
Distribution: Siberia (Yakutia); Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin)
30 SIB 31 RFE
Synonyms: hidden
= Arenaria violacea Ledeb.; Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Hist. Acad. 5: 533 (1812)
= Gypsophila violacea (Ledeb.) Fenzl; Fl. Ross. [Ledebour] 1: 291 (1842)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World


Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]


With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life