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437.0000 Family Ericaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 159 (1789), nom. cons.
127 genera, ca. 4500 spp. The inclusion of Empetraceae, Pyrolaceae, Epacridaceae and Monotropaceae follows conclusive molecular evidence.
Species listed in database: 4571; hybrids: 125
= Andromedaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 428 (1843)
= Arbutaceae Bromhead; Mag. Nat. Hist. 4: 337, 338 (1840)
= Arctostaphylaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 106 (1858)
= Azaleaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 272, 294 (1818)
= Diplarchaceae Klotzsch; Allg. Deutsche Naturhist. Zeitung 3: 230 (1857)
= Empetraceae Hook. & Lindl.; Fl. Scot. 297 (1821), nom. cons.
= Epacridaceae R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 535 (1810), nom. cons.
= Hypopityaceae Klotzsch; Linnaea 24: 11 (1851)
= Ledaceae J.F.Gmel.; Allg. Gesch. Pflanzengifte, ed. 2: 404 (1803)
= Menziesiaceae Klotzsch; Linnaea 24: 11 (1851)
= Monotropaceae Nutt.; Gen. N. Amer. Pl. [Nuttall] 1: 272 (1818), nom. cons.
= Oxycoccaceae A.Kern.; Pflanzenleben 2: 713, 714 (1891)
= Prionotaceae Hutch.; Evol. Phylogeny Fl. Pl. 306 (1969)
= Pyrolaceae Lindl.; Syn. Brit. Fl. 175 (1829), nom. cons.
= Rhododendraceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 158 (1789)
= Rhodoraceae Vent.; Tabl. Règn. Vég. 2: 449 (1799)
= Salaxidaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 104 (1858)
= Salazariaceae F.A.Barkley; Phytologia 32: 304 (1975)
= Stypheliaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 72 (1834)
= Vacciniaceae DC. ex Perleb; Vers. Arzneikr. Pfl. 228 (1818), nom. cons.
437.5103 Genus Kalmia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 391 (1753)
Distribution: North America, Cuba (1), Europe (1)
Species listed in database: 9
= Ammyrsine Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1: 301 (1814)
= Azalea L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 150 (1753), nom. rej.
= Chamaecistus Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 401 (1821)
= Chamaedaphne Catesby ex Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891), nom. illeg.
= Chamaeledon Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 210 (1821), nom. superfl.
= Dendrium Desv.; J. Bot. Agric. 1: 36 (1813), nom. superfl.
= Fischera Sw.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 14 (1817), nom. illeg.
= Kalmiella Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 886 (1903)
= Leiophyllum (Pers.) R.Hedw.; Gen. Pl. [R.Hedwig] 313 (1806)
= Loiseleuria Desv.; J. Bot. Agric. 1: 35 (1813), nom. cons.
= Tsutsusi Adans.; Fam. Pl. [Adanson] 2: 164 (1763), nom. superfl.
species :
Kalmia angustifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 391 (1753)
subspecies :
subsp. angustifolia
Name: Sheep laurel (EN), Schmalblättriger Berglorbeer (DE)
Distribution: Germany [I]; Canada (Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
11 ger 72 CDN SPM 75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedaphne angustifolia (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
= Kalmia angustifolia f. candida Fernald; Rhodora 15: 151 (1913)
= Kalmia angustifolia f. hirsuta Voss; Vilm. Blumengärtn. ed. 3 [Siebert & Voss], 1: 591 (1894)
= Kalmia angustifolia f. rubra (G.Lodd.) Zabel; Handb. Laubholzben. [Beissner et al.] 386 (1903)
= Kalmia angustifolia var. ovata Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1: 296 (1813)
subspecies :
subsp. carolina (Small) A.Haines; Stantec Bot. Notes 13: 4 (2010)
Name: Carolina laurel
Distribution: USA (Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Kalmia angustifolia var. carolina (Small) Fernald; Rhodora 39(467): 437 (1937)
= Kalmia carolina Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 886 (1903)
species :
Kalmia buxifolia (Bergius) Gift & Kron; Nordic J. Bot. 26(1-2): 47 (2008)
Name: Sandmyrtle
Distribution: USA (Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Ammyrsine buxifolia (P.J.Bergius) Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1: 301 (1813)
= Ammyrsine lyoni Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 2: 344 (1830)
= Ammyrsine thymifolia (Lam.) Forbes; Hort. Woburn. 93 (1833)
= Dendrium buxifolium (P.J.Bergius) Desv.; J. Bot. Agric. 1: 36 (1813)
= Dendrium buxifolium var. hugeri (Small) H.F.Copel.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 30: 568 (1943)
= Dendrium buxifolium var. prostratum (Loudon) Ashe; Bot. Gaz. 24: 377 (1897)
= Dendrium hugeri Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 360 (1901)
= Dendrium lyonii (Sweet) Small; N. Amer. Fl. 29: 39 (1914)
= Dendrium prostratum (Loudon) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 882 (1903)
= Fischera buxifolia (P.J.Bergius) Sw.; Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 17 (1817)
= Ledum buxifolium P.J.Bergius; Acta Acad. Sci. Imp. Petrop. 1(1): 213 (1777)
= Ledum serpyllifolium L´Hér. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 7: 730 (1839)
= Ledum thymifolium Lam.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.] 3: 459 (1792)
= Leiophyllum buxifolium (P.J.Bergius) Elliott; Sketch Bot. S. Carolina [Elliott] 1: 483 (1817)
= Leiophyllum buxifolium var. hugeri (Small) C.K.Schneid.; Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. [C.K.Schneider] 2: 512 (1911)
= Leiophyllum buxifolium var. prostratum (Loudon) A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 44 (1878)
= Leiophyllum hugeri (Hort.) Bergmans; Vaste Pl. Rotsheesters 314 (1924)
= Leiophyllum lyonii Sweet; Hort. Brit. [Sweet], ed. 3: 444 (1839)
= Leiophyllum prostratum Loudon; Arbor. Frutic. Brit. 1155 (1838)
= Leiophyllum pyroliflorum Dippel; Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 436 (1889)
= Leiophyllum thymifolium (Lam.) Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 469 (1821)
species :
Kalmia cuneata Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Michaux] 1: 257 (1803)
Name: Whitewicky
Distribution: USA (North Carolina, South Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedaphne cuneata (Michx.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
species :
Kalmia ericoides Wright ex Griseb.; Cat. Pl. Cub. [Grisebach] 51 (1866)
Distribution: Cuba
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedaphne ericoides (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
= Kalmiella ericoides (C.Wright ex Griseb.) Small; N. Amer. Fl. 29: 54 (1914)
variant :
var. aggregata (Small) Ebinger; Rhodora 76 (807): 389 (1974)
Distribution: Cuba (Isla de la Juventud)
81 CUB
Conservation Status: endangered (Red List of the Vascular Flora of Cuba)
Synonyms: hidden
= Kalmia aggregata (Small) H.F.Copel.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 30: 571 (1943)
= Kalmia simulata (Britton & Wilson) Southall; J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 90(1): 22 (1974)
= Kalmiella aggregata Small; N. Amer. Fl. 29: 54 (1914)
= Kalmiella simulata Britton & Wilson; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 16: 93 (1920)
species :
Kalmia hirsuta Walter; Fl. Carol. [Walter] 138 (1788)
Name: Hairy laurel
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina)
78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedaphne hirsuta (Walter) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
= Kalmia ciliata W.Bartram; Travels Carolina 18, 171 (1791)
= Kalmiella hirsuta (Walter) Small; Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small] 886 (1903)
species :
Kalmia latifolia L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 391 (1753)
Name: Mountain laurel
Distribution: USA (Alabama, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, Vermont, West Virginia)
75 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedaphne latifolia (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
= Kalmia latifolia f. alba (Bosse) Rehder; Rhodora 12: 2 (1910)
= Kalmia latifolia f. angustata Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 26: 481 (1945)
= Kalmia latifolia f. fuscata (Rehder) Rehder; Rhodora 12: 2 (1910)
= Kalmia latifolia f. minor K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(1): 153 (1872)
= Kalmia latifolia f. myrtifolia (Bosse ex H.Jaeger) K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(1): 153 (1872)
= Kalmia latifolia f. obtusata (Rehder) Rehder; Rhodora 12: 2 (1910)
= Kalmia latifolia f. polypetala (G.Nicholson) Rehder; Rhodora 12: 1 (1910)
= Kalmia latifolia f. rubra Sweet ex K.Koch; Dendrologie 2(1): 152 (1872)
= Kalmia latifolia var. coronata A.Gray; Amer. Naturalist 2: 324 (1869)
= Kalmia latifolia var. fuscata Rehder; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 18: 578 (1903)
= Kalmia latifolia var. laevipes Fernald; Rhodora 42: 53 (1940)
= Kalmia latifolia var. myrtifolia Bosse ex H.Jaeger; Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. 280 (1864)
= Kalmia latifolia var. nana Mouill.; Traité Arbr. Arbriss. 2: 1027 (1897)
= Kalmia latifolia var. obtusata Rehder; Möller´s Deutsche Gärtn.-Zeitung 18: 577 (1903)
= Kalmia latifolia var. pavartii André; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 60: 541 (1888)
= Kalmia latifolia var. polypetala G.Nicholson; Hand-list Trees & Shrubs Arb. 2: 49 (1896)
= Kalmia latifolia var. rubra (Sweet ex K.Koch) Rehder; Cycl. Amer. Hort. [L.H.Bailey] 2: 854 (1900)
= Kalmia myrtifolia André; Rev. Hort. (Paris) 55: 10 (1883)
= Kalmia nitida J.Forbes; Hort. Woburn. 93 (1833)
= Kalmia serotina Hoffmanns.; Verz. Pfl.-Kult. 70 (1824)
species :
Kalmia microphylla (Hook.) A.Heller; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 581 (1898)
Name: Alpine laurel
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northern Territories, Ontario, Yukon); USA (California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Kalmia glauca var. microphylla Hook.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. [Hooker] 2: 41 (1834)
= Kalmia microphylla f. alba Ebinger; Rhodora 76: 342 (1974)
= Kalmia microphylla subsp. occidentalis (Small) R.L.Taylor & MacBryde; Canad. J. Bot. 56(2): 186 (1978)
= Kalmia microphylla var. occidentalis (Small) Ebinger; Rhodora 76 (807): 340 (1974)
= Kalmia occidentalis Small; N. Amer. Fl. 29: 53 (1914)
= Kalmia polifolia subsp. microphylla (Hook.) Piper; Fl. N.W. Coast [Piper & Beattie] 282 (1915)
= Kalmia polifolia subsp. occidentalis (Small) Abrams; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 302 (1951)
= Kalmia polifolia var. microphylla (Hook.) Rehder; Cycl. Amer. Hort. [L.H.Bailey] 2: 854 (1900)
species :
Kalmia polifolia Wangenh.; Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 8(2): 130 (1788)
Name: Bog laurel
Distribution: Alaska; Canada (Alberta, Labrador, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, Wisconsin)
70 ASK CDN 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Chamaedaphne glauca (Aiton) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
= Kalmia glauca Aiton; Hort. Kew. [W.Aiton] 2: 64. t. 8 (1789)
= Kalmia glauca var. rosmarinifolia Pursh; Fl. Amer. Sept. [Pursh] 1: 296 (1813)
= Kalmia oleifolia Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 3: 322 (1811)
= Kalmia polifolia f. leucantha W.B.Schofield & E.C.Sm.; Canad. Field-Naturalist 67: 94 (1953)
= Kalmia polifolia var. rosmarinifolia (Pursh) Rehder; Cycl. Amer. Hort. [L.H.Bailey] 2: 854 (1900)
= Kalmia rosmarinifolia Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult. 2: 250 (1802)
species :
Kalmia procumbens (L.) Gift, Kron & P.F.Stevens; Bot. Rev. (Lancaster) 68(3): 409 (2002), nom. inval., ex Galasso, Banfi & F. Conti, Annot. Checkl. Italian Vasc. Fl. 20 (2005)
Name: Alpen-Azalee, Gämsheide (DE), Trailing Azalea (EN)
Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England (Scotland, Orkney Isl., Shetland Isl.); Norway; Sweden; Finland; Germany (Bayern); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Slovakia; N-Spain (Pyrénées); Andorra; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Romania; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Siberia (Chita, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia, Yakutia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Magadan, Primorye, Sakhalin); Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labrador, Manitoba, Newfoundland, Northern Territories, Nunavut, Québec, Saskatchewan, Yukon); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Washington State)
10 FIN FOR GRB ICE NOR SWE 11 AUT GER LIE SLO SWI 12 ADO FRA SPA 13 BIH CRO ITA KOS NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 75 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Azalea procumbens L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 151 (1753)
= Chamaecistus procumbens (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 388 (1891)
= Chamaecistus serpyllifolius Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 401 (1821 publ. 1822)
= Chamaeledon procumbens (L.) Link; Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 211 (1821)
= Kalmia procumbens (L.) Gift & Kron; Nordic J. Bot. 26(1-2): 47 (2008), isonym
= Loiseleuria procumbens (L.) Loisel.; Traité Arbr. Arbust. [Duhamel], nouv. éd. 5: 227 (1812)
= Loiseleuria procumbens f. rubra Hayashi; Bull. Gov. Forest Exp. Sta. 57: 157, f. (1952)
= Rhododendron procumbens (L.) E.H.L.Krause; Deutschl. Fl. [Sturm], ed. 2, Abbild., 9: 214 (1901)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life