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458.0000 Family Caprifoliaceae Adans.; Fam. Pl. 2: 153 (1763), nom. cons.
32-37 genera, ca. 1100 spp. Phylogeny see Lee et al. 2021, Wang et al. 2025
Species listed in database: 1084; hybrids: 34
= Diervillaceae Pyck; Taxon 47: 658 (1998)
= Dipsacaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 194 (1789), nom. cons.
= Linnaeaceae Backlund; Taxon 47: 658 (1998)
= Loniceraceae D.L.Fu; Amer. J. Agric. Forest. 12(5): 352 (2024), nom. illeg.
= Loniceraceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 272, 296 (1818)
= Loniceropsida Brongn.; Enum. Pl. Mus. Paris: xvii, 47 (1843)
= Morinaceae Raf.; Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. 6: 88 (1820)
= Scabiosaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 563 (1820)
= Triplostegiaceae A.E.Bobrov ex Airy Shaw; Kew Bull. 18: 269 (1965)
= Valerianaceae Batsch; Tab. Affin. Regni Veg. 227 (1802) nom. cons.
458.3003 Genus Morina L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 28 (1753)
Distribution: Southeast Europe (Balcans), W-Asia eastward to Middle Asia (4) and W-Himalayas
Species listed in database: 4
= Asaphes Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2) (Cur. Post.): 222 (1827)
species :
Morina coulteriana Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle], 245 (1839)
Distribution: Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Nangarhar, Paktia / Khost, Takhar); Tibet; Pakistan (Kurram, Chitral, Drosh, Dir, Swat, Hazara, Baltistan); NW-India (Uttarakhand, Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir)
32 TZK UZB 34 AFG 36 TIB 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Morina breviflora Edgew.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 62 (1846)
= Morina lehmanniana Bunge; Beitr. Fl. Russl. 145 (1852)
species :
Morina kokanica Regel; Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(1): 14 (1867)
Distribution: Kazakhstan; Uzbekistan; Kyrgyzstan
32 KAZ KGZ UZB
species :
Morina longifolia Wall. ex DC.; Prodr. [A.P. de Candolle] 4: 644 (1830)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Kunar / Nuristan); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Poonch, Jammu & Kashmir, Sikkim, ?Arunachal Pradesh)
34 AFG 40 BHU IND NEP
Synonyms: hidden
= Morina longifolia Wall.; Numer. List [Wallich] 14, no. 426 (1829), nomen
= Morina elegans Fisch. & Avé-Lall.; Index Sem. (St. Petersburg [Petropolitanus]) 8: 67 (1842)
species :
Morina persica L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 28 (1753)
Distribution: North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains of NW-, C-Greece, Peloponnisos, Mt. Ossa); Tajikistan; Azerbaijan; Turkey (E-Anatolia, Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, S-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iran (S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badakshan, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Laghman, Paktia / Khost, Parwan); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon); Syria (W-Syrian Mountains); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Waziristan, Hazara, Murree, Kurram, Baltistan); NW-India (Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Punjab, Uttarakhand)
13 ALB BUL GRC NMA 32 TZK 33 AZE 34 AFG IRN LEB SYR TUR 40 IND PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Asaphes nepalensis Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 4(2) (Cur. Post.): 232 (1827)
= Morina aucheri Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 32 (1854)
= Morina graeca Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 32 (1854)
= Morina orientalis Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: s. p. (1768)
= Morina persica subsp. turcica Halácsy; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 41: 409 (1891)
= Morina subinermis Boiss.; Diagn. Pl. Orient., Sér. 2, 6: 94 (1859)
= Morina tournefortii Jaub. & Spach; Ill. Pl. Orient. 5: 30 (1854)
= Morina turcica (Halácsy) Degen & Halácsy ex Celak.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 17: 396 (1893)
= Morina verticillata Moench; Methodus [Moench], Suppl. 186 (1794)
= Morina wallichiana Royle; Ill. Bot. Himal. Mts. [Royle], 245, t. 55, f. 1 (1835)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life