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134.0000 Family Orchidaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 64 (1789), nom. cons.
over 800 genera, more than 30.000 spp. worldwide, mostly tropical
Species listed in database: 30648; hybrids: 1477
= Apostasiaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833), nom. cons.
= Cypripediaceae Lindl.; Nix. Pl. 22 (1833)
= Limodoraceae Horan.; Char. Ess. Fam. 44 (1847)
= Liparidaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 567 (1895)
= Neottiaceae Horan.; Prim. Lin. Syst. Nat. 50 (1834)
= Neuwiediaceae R.Dahlgren ex Reveal & Hoogland; Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., B, Adansonia, Sér. 4, 13: 91 (1991)
= Ophrydaceae Vines; Stud. Text-book Bot. 2: 566 (1895)
= Pycnanthaceae Ravenna; Onira 12(6): 29 (2011)
= Vanillaceae Lindl.; Key Bot. 73 (1835)
134.6215 Genus Mycaranthes Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 352, t. 57 (1825)
Distribution: Tropical Asia. Separation from Eria s. l. supported by molecular results.
Species listed in database: 37
species :
Mycaranthes anceps (Leav.) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria anceps Leav.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 219, 237 (1909)
species :
Mycaranthes angustifolia (Ridl. ex Stapf) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186(2): 196 (2018)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah: Mt. Kinabalu)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria angustifolia Ridl.; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 237 (1894)
species :
Mycaranthes brevicaulis (Seidenf.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186(2): 196 (2018)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand
41 THA
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria brevicaulis Seidenf.; Opera Bot. 62: 71 (1982)
species :
Mycaranthes candoonensis (Ames) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria candoonensis Ames; Orchidaceae [Ames] 7: 101 (1922)
species :
Mycaranthes citrina (Ridl.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 455 (1983)
Distribution: peninsular Malaysia (Trengganu, Perak, Pahang, Selangor); Borneo (Sabah, Sarawak); Palawan
42 BOR MLY PLW
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria citrina Ridl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 204 (1924)
species :
Mycaranthes clemensiae (Leav.) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Philippines
41 THA 42 MLY PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria clemensiae Leav.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 220, 238 (1909)
species :
Mycaranthes crucigera (Ridl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186(2): 196 (2018)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria crucigera Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 31: 280 (1896)
species :
Mycaranthes davaensis (Ames) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria davaensis Ames; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1575 (1912)
species :
Mycaranthes depauperata J.J.Wood; Malesian Orchid J. 1: 144 (2008)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Mycaranthes farinosa (Ames & C.Schweinf.) J.J.Wood; Orchids Mount Kinabalu 2: 412 (2011)
Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah)
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria farinosa Ames & C.Schweinf.; Orchidaceae [Ames] 6: 122 (1920)
species :
Mycaranthes floribunda (D.Don) S.C.Chen & J.J.Wood; Fl. China 25: 348 (2009)
Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal); Bangladesh; Myanmar (Kachin, Sagaing, Mandalay, Taninthayi); Thailand; Laos; Cambodia; Vietnam; Borneo; Brunei
36 CHI 40 BAN BHU IND NEP 41 CBD LAO MYA THA VIE 42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Callista floribunda (D.Don) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 654 (1891)
= Dendrobium floribundum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 34 (1825)
= Eria paniculata Lindl.; [Numer. List [Wallich] 54, no. 1971 (1829), nomen] in Pl. Asiat. Rar. [Wallich] 1: 32, t. 36 (1830)
= Mycaranthes paniculata (Lindl.) Schuit., Y.P.Ng & H.A.Pedersen; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 186(2): 196 (2018)
= Pinalia paniculata (Lindl. ex Wall.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes forbesiana (Kraenzl.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 455 (1983)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria forbesiana Kraenzl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, II B 21, Heft 50 (Orch.-Dendrob. 2): 128 (1911)
species :
Mycaranthes gigantea (Ames) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria gigantea Ames; Orchidaceae [Ames] 2: 192 (1908)
species :
Mycaranthes hawkesii (A.H.Heller) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 455 (1983)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria bifalcis Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 1: 670 (1912) [non Lindl. 1859]
= Eria bifalcis var. subnormalis Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 1: 670 (1912)
= Eria hawkesii A.H.Heller; Lloydia 20: 130 (1957)
= Eria hawkesii var. subnormalis (Schltr.) A.D.Hawkes & A.H.Heller; Lloydia 20: 131 (1957)
= Mycaranthes bifalcis (Schltr.) Brieger; Orchideen [Schlechter], ed. 3, Bd. I: 662 (1981)
species :
Mycaranthes lamellata (Ames) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria lamellata Ames; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1576 (1912)
species :
Mycaranthes latifolia Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 352, t. 353 (1825)
Distribution: peninsular Thailand; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
41 THA 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY SUL SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria bidens Ridl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32: 289 (1896)
= Eria iridifolia Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 790 (1890), et Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 21: t. 2067 (1891)
= Eria latifolia Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 55 (1857), nom. illeg.
= Eria longispica Rolfe; Bot. Mag. 133: t. 8171 (1907)
= Eria validissima Kraenzl.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 44(Beibl. 101): 27 (1910)
= Pinalia iridifolia (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
= Pinalia latifolia (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes leonardoi Ferreras & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 74(6): 36 (2009)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria leonardoi (Ferreras & W.Suarez) Pfahl; Internet Orchid Sp. Photo Encycl. Nomencl. Notes 3/09/15 (2015)
species :
Mycaranthes leucotricha (Schltr.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria leucotricha Schltr.; Nachtr. Fl. Schutzgeb. Südsee [Schumann & Lauterbach] 180 (1905)
species :
Mycaranthes lobata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 352, t. 352 (1825)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo; Java
42 BOR JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Cymbidium parviflorum Reinw. ex Lindl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 55 (1858)
= Eria lobata (Blume) Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 55 (1857)
= Eria reinwardtii Lindl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 55 (1859)
= Pinalia lobata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
= Pinalia reinwardtii (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes longibracteata (Leav.) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria longibracteata Leav.; Philipp. J. Sci., C 4: 219, 238 (1909)
species :
Mycaranthes magnicallosa (Ames & C.Schweinf.) J.J.Wood; Orchids Mount Kinabalu 2: 414 (2011)
Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria magnicallosa Ames & C.Schweinf.; Orchidaceae [Ames] 6: 129 (1920)
species :
Mycaranthes melaleuca (Ridl.) J.J.Wood; Malesian Orchid J. 8: 37 (2011)
Distribution: Borneo; Brunei
42 BOR BRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria melaleuca Ridl.; Sarawak Mus. J. 1: No. 2, 33 (1912)
species :
Mycaranthes meliganensis J.J.Wood; Malesian Orchid J. 8: 20 (2011)
Distribution: Borneo (Sabah)
42 BOR
species :
Mycaranthes mindanaensis (Ames) Cootes & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines (Sibuyan)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria mindanaensis Ames; Leafl. Philipp. Bot. 5: 1577 (1912)
species :
Mycaranthes monostachya (Lindl.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Sumatra; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali)
42 JAW LSI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria monostachya Lindl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 55 (1858)
= Eria monostachya var. canaliculata J.J.Sm.
= Eria monostachya var. grandiflora J.J.Sm.
= Eria monostachya var. pleiostachya Beck; Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Cl., Abt. 1 123: 1035 (1914)
= Eria paniculata Rchb.f. ex Lindl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 55 (1858), nom. inval.
= Pinalia monostachya (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes nieuwenhuisii (J.J.Sm.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria nieuwenhuisii J.J.Sm.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 3, 2: 51 (1920)
species :
Mycaranthes obliqua Lindl.; Edwards´s Bot. Reg. 26(Misc.): 77 (1840)
Distribution: S-peninsular Malaysia; +Singapore; Sumatra (incl. Bangka Isl.); Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Sarawak)
42 BOR MLY SNG SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria obliqua (Lindl.) Lindl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 55 (1859), Rchb.f. in Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 6: 271
= Eria polystachyoides Ridl. ex Kraenzl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, II B 21, Heft 50 (Orch.-Dendrob. 2): 122 (1911)
= Pinalia obliqua (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes oblitterata Blume; Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 352 (1825)
Distribution: Myanmar (Kachin); Thailand (SE- & peninsular Thailand); Cambodia; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah, Kalimantan, Sarawak); Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, East Timor); Moluccas
41 CBD MYA THA VIE 42 BOR JAW LSI MLY MOL PHI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria callosa M.R.Hend.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 13: 225 (1927)
= Eria javensis Zoll. & Moritzi; Syst. Verz. Ind. Archip. [Zollinger] 86 (1846)
= Eria kingii Hook.f.; Fl. Brit. India [J.D.Hooker] 5: 790 (1890), nom. illeg., et Hooker´s Icon. Pl. t. 2067 (1891)
= Eria larutensis Ridl.; J. Straits Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 82: 198 (1920), et Fl. Malay Penins. 4: 86 (1924)
= Eria major Ridl. ex Stapf; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot., Ser. 2, 4: 237 (1894)
= Eria obliqua (Blume) Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 55 (1857)
= Eria oblitterata (Blume) Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 55 (1857) (obliterata?)
= Eria ridleyi Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 150 (1914)
= Eria sclerophylla Lindl.; J. Proc. Linn. Soc., Bot. 3: 56 (1858)
= Eria scortechinii Stapf; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 4: 237 (1894), nom. illeg.
= Eria tahanensis Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 6: 177 (1915)
= Eria tomentella Rchb.f.; Ann. Bot. Syst. [Walpers] 6: 271 (1861)
= Mycaranthes abbreviata Blume ex Kraenzl.; Pflanzenr. [Engler], IV.50, II B 21, Heft 50 (Orch.-Dendrob. 2): 42 (1911)
= Mycaranthes major (Ridl. ex Stapf) J.J.Wood; Orchids Mount Kinabalu 2: 414 (2011)
= Mycaranthes ridleyi (Rolfe) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
= Pinalia javensis (Zoll. & Moritzi) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 678 (1891)
= Pinalia kingii (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
= Pinalia oblitterata (Blume) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 678 (1891)
= Pinalia sclerophylla (Lindl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes padangensis (Schltr.) Brieger; Orchideen [Schlechter], ed. 3, Bd. I: 662 (1981)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria padangensis Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45(Beibl. 104): 38 (1911)
species :
Mycaranthes rhinoceros (Ridl.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria rhinoceros Ridl.; J. Fed. Malay States Mus. 8(4): 99 (1917), et J. Bot. 63: Suppl. 116 (1925)
species :
Mycaranthes schistoloba (Schltr.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Sumatra
42 SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria schistoloba Schltr.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 45(3, Beibl. 104): 38 (1911)
species :
Mycaranthes sonkaris (Rchb.f.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Sumatra; Borneo; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Sumbawa)
42 BOR LSI SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria sonkaris Rchb.f.; Bonplandia (Hannover) 5: 55 (1857)
= Pinalia sonkaris (Rchb.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 679 (1891)
species :
Mycaranthes stenophylla (Schltr.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)
42 NWG
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria stenophylla Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 1: 669 (1912)
= Eria stenophylla var. homoglossa Schltr.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg., Beih. 1: 669 (1912)
species :
Mycaranthes tjadasmalangensis (J.J.Sm.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Sumatra; Java
42 JAW SUM
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria tjadasmalangensis J.J.Sm.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 26: 43 (1918)
species :
Mycaranthes tricuspidata (Rolfe) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
Distribution: Sulawesi
42 SUL
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria tricuspidata Rolfe; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1899: 128 (1899)
= Eria vanvuurenii J.J.Sm.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, Sér. 2, 25: 61 (1917)
= Mycaranthes vanvuurenii (J.J.Sm.) Rauschert; Feddes Repert. 94(7­8): 456 (1983)
species :
Mycaranthes vanoverberghii (Ames) Cootes, D.P.Banks & W.Suarez; Austral. Orchid Rev. 73(3): 23 (2008)
Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)
42 PHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria vanoverberghii Ames; Philipp. J. Sci., C 7: 20 (1912)
species :
Mycaranthes villosissima (Rolfe) Ormerod; Harvard Pap. Bot. 24(2): 285 (2019)
Distribution: Borneo
42 BOR
Synonyms: hidden
= Eria major Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 150 (1914), nom. illeg.
= Eria villosissima Rolfe; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 42: 150 (1914)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.10 (Oct. 12th, 2025)

Covering 357,450 accepted species,
8,806 hybrids, 48,075 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,004,944 synonyms,
in total 1,419,285* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life