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245.0000 Family Rhamnaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 376 (1789), nom. cons.
72 genera, ca. 1150 spp. Phylogeny: Hauenschild et al. 2016, Wang et al. 2021
Species listed in database: 1195; hybrids: 27
= Frangulaceae DC.; Fl. Franç. [de Candolle & Lamarck], éd. 3, 4(2): 619 (1805)
= Gouaniaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 2: 73 (1837)
= Phylicaceae J.Agardh; Theoria Syst. Pl. 186 (1858)
= Ziziphaceae Adans.; Lex. Gen. Phan. [Post & Kuntze] 665, 714 (1903)
245.0901 Genus Paliurus Mill.; Gard. Dict. Abr., ed. 4 (1754)
Distribution: mostly E-Asia, 1 Indochina, 1 Europe and Asia Minor
Species listed in database: 5
= Aubletia Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 283 (1790)
species :
Paliurus hemsleyanus Rehder; J. Arnold Arbor. 12(1): 74 (1931) ex Schirarend & Olabi, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 116: 341 (1994)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang)
36 CHI
species :
Paliurus hirsutus Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894(95): 388 (1894)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu); Vietnam
36 CHI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Paliurus hirsutus var. trichocarpus C.Z.Gao; Guihaia 3(4): 316 (1983)
= Paliurus tonkinensis Pit.; Fl. Indo-Chine [P.H.Lecomte et al.] 1: 916 (1912)
species :
Paliurus orientalis (Franch.) Hemsl.; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1894: 387 (1894)
Distribution: China (Yunnan, SW-Sichuan)
36 CHI
Synonyms: hidden
= Paliurus australis var. orientalis Franch.; Pl. Delavay. 132-133 (1889)
= Paliurus sinicus C.K.Schneid.; Pl. Wilson. [Sargent] 2(1): 211 (1914)
species :
Paliurus ramosissimus (Lour.) Poir.; Encycl. [J.Lamarck et al.], Suppl. 4(1): 262-263 (1816)
Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan (Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan; Vietnam
36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NNS TAI 41 VIE
Synonyms: hidden
= Aubletia ramosissima Lour.; Fl. Cochinch. 283 (1790)
= Paliurus aubletia Schult.; Syst. Veg., ed. 15bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 343 (1819)
= Paliurus ramosissimus var. japonicus K.Koch; Hort. Dendrol. 203 (1854)
= Rhamnus littoralis Siebold ex Miq.; Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 30 (1867), nomen
= Rhamnus ramosissima Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 1, 1: 686 (1821), nomen
= Ziziphus aubletii D.Dietr.; Syn. Pl. [Dietrich] 1: 810 (1839)
= Ziziphus ramosissima (Lour.) Spreng.; Syst. Veg., ed. 16 [Sprengel] 1: 771 (1824 publ. 1825)
species :
Paliurus spina-christi Mill.; Gard. Dict., ed. 8: Paliurus n 1 (1768)
Name: Christusdorn (DE); Jerusalem thorn (EN)
Distribution: NE-Spain; Baleares [I]; France; Italy; Malta; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread mainland, Kerkyra, Lefkada, Thasos, Samothraki, Skiros, Evvoia); Crimea; Algeria [I]; Tunisia [I]; Libya [I]; Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos); Turkey (Inner Anatolia, N-Anatolia, NE-Anatolia, NW-Anatolia: Bithynia, S-Anatolia, SE-Anatolia, SSW-Anatolia, SW-Anatolia, W-Anatolia, WN-Anatolia); Iraq (NE-Iraq, NW-Iraq); Iran (EC-Iran, NE-Iran: Mts., N-Iran, Iranian Aserbaijan, S-Iran, W-Iran); Afghanistan (Badghys); Cyprus (E-Cyprus, N-Cyprus, S-Cyprus); Lebanon (Antilebanon, C-Lebanon, coastal W-Lebanon); Syria (coastal W-Syria, NW-Syria); Israel (Rift Valley, N-Israel); China [I] (Shandong [I]); Nepal [I]; NW-India (Himachal Pradesh); Fiji [I]; USA [I] (Texas [I])
12 bal FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MLT MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 alg lby tun 32 TKM TZK UZB 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG CYP EAI IRN IRQ ISR LEB SYR TUR 36 chi 40 IND nep 60 fij 77 usa
Synonyms: hidden
= Paliurus aculeatus (Lam.) Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 2: 347 (1819), nom. illeg.
= Paliurus aculeatus var. inermis Hausskn. ex Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(2): 224 (1905)
= Paliurus australis Gaertn.; Fruct. Sem. Pl. 1: 203 (1788), nom. illeg.
= Paliurus clypeiformis Medik.; Bot. Beob. 1782 [Medikus] 327 (1783)
= Paliurus incurvus Wall. ex Lindl.; Bot. Reg. sub t. 854 (1825)
= Paliurus microcarpus Wilmott; J. Bot. 56: 145 (1918)
= Paliurus paliurus (L.) H.Karst.; Ill. Repert. Pharm.-Med. Bot. 870 (1886), nomen
= Paliurus petasus Dum.Cours.; Bot. Cult., ed. 2, 6: 266 (1811)
= Paliurus solitarius Stokes; Bot. Mat. Med. 2: 169 (1812)
= Paliurus spina-christi var. apterus Beck; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 451 (1921)
= Paliurus spina-christi var. inermis (Hausskn. ex Bornm.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 19(2): 324 (1910)
= Paliurus spina-christi var. macrocarpus Beck; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 451 (1921)
= Paliurus spina-christi var. rotundifolius Beck; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 451 (1921)
= Paliurus trinervatus Moench; Methodus [Moench] 74 (1794)
= Paliurus vulgaris Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2, 2: 249 (1841)
= Rhamnus aculeatus Lam.; Tabl. Encycl. 1(2): 347, t. 210, f. 2 (1791)
= Rhamnus australis (Gaertn.) Pers.; Syn. Pl. [Persoon] 1: 241 (1805)
= Rhamnus horrida Salisb.; Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton 139 (1796)
= Rhamnus paliurus L.; Sp. Pl. [Linnaeus] 1: 194 (1753) (syn. subst.)
= Ziziphus paliurus (L.) Willd.; Berlin. Baumz. 415 (1796)
= Ziziphus spinosa St.-Lag.; Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 70 (1880), nom. superfl.
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.04 (April 17th, 2025)

Covering 356,375 accepted species,
8,782 hybrids, 48,090 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,002,897 synonyms,
in total 1,416,144* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life