World Plants: Plant List

species :

Polystichum acanthophyllum (Franch.) Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mem. 1.: 30 (1905)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, W-Sichuan); Tibet; Taiwan

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum. Not in India

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium acanthophyllum Franch.; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 32: 23 (1885)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. acanthophyllum (Franch.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India, Suppl. 43 (1892)

= Polystichum horridipinnum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 195, f. 132 (1914)

= Polystichum spinescens Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 102 (1938)

species :

Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott; Gen. Fil. pl. 9 (1834)

Name: Christmas Fern

Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); USA (Alabama, Arkansas, Connecticut, District of Columbia, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Massachusetts, Maryland, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Vermont, Wisconsin, West Virginia); Mexico (Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)

72 CDN 74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA 79 MEX

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron acrostichoides (Michx.) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium acrostichoides (Michx.) Sw.; Syn. Fil. 44 (1806)

= Aspidium acrostichoides var. incisum A.Gray; Ann. Lyceum Nat. Hist. New York 3: 238 (1835)

= Aspidium auriculatum Schkuhr; 24. Kl. Linn. Pfl.-Syst. 1: 31 (1806), nom. illeg.

= Aspidium schweinitzii L.C.Beck; Bot. North. Middle States: 449 (1833)

= Dryopteris acrostichoides (Michx.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

= Nephrodium acrostichoides Michx.; Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 267 (1803)

= Nephrodium acrostichoides var. crispum (Clute) Hopkins; Fern Bull. 15: 7 (1907)

= Nephrodium acrostichoides var. incisum (A.Gray) Hopkins; Fern Bull. 15: 7 (1907)

= Polypodium acrostichoides (Michx.) Poir.; Lam., Encycl. 5: 529 (1804), nom. illeg.

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. crispum Clute; Ferns in Their Haunts 317 (1901)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. cristatum Clute; Fern Bull. 20: 81 (1912)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. demittens C.F.Reed; Castanea 16: 65, fig. 1 (1951)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. furcatum F.Seym.; Fl. Vermont, ed. 4 28 (1969)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. gymnosorum Neidorf; Amer. Fern J. 39: 103 (1949)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. incisum (A.Gray) Gilbert; List N. Amer. Pterid. 19 (1901)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. lanceolatum Clute; Fern Bull. 20: 24 (1912)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. ligulatum Gruber; Amer. Fern J. 30: 48 (1940)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. multifidum Clute; Fern Bull. 15: 122 (1909)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. orbiculatum Eames; Rhodora 33: 168 (1931)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. recurvatum Clute; Fern Bull. 12: 79 (1904)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. spathiforme C.F.Reed; Castanea 16: 69 (1951)

= Polystichum acrostichoides f. ventroperaferens Neidorf; Amer. Fern J. 39: 103, tab. 9 (1949)

= Polystichum acrostichoides var. crispum Clute; Ferns in Their Haunts 107 (1901)

= Polystichum acrostichoides var. incisum A.Gray; Manual (Gray) 632 (1848)

= Polystichum acrostichoides var. schweinitzii (Beck) Small; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 20: 464 (1893)

= Thelypteris acrostichoides (Michx.) Nieuwl.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 277 (1912)

species :

Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 3: 79 (1799)

Name: Dorniger Schildfarn, Gelappter Schildfarn (DE); Portia (ES)

Distribution: England; Scotland; Wales; Ireland; Northern Ireland; Denmark; Norway; Sweden; Netherlands; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg, +Berlin, Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Schleswig-Holstein, Saarland, Sachsen, Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; ?Sardinia; Italy; ?Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; ?European Turkey; Greece (widespread in mainland); +Estonia; Latvia; Lithuania; Belarus; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Canary Isl. (La Gomera, La Palma Isl., Tenerife); Siberia (Altai); Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan (incl. Talysh); Turkey (Anatolia); Iraq; Iran; Lebanon; China (Xinjiang)

10 DEN GRB IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX NET POL SLO SWI 12 ADO CIS COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS MNT NMA ROM SLV SMA SRB 14 BLR EST KRY LAT LIT MLD UKR 20 ALG MOR 21 CNY 30 SIB 32 KGZ TZK 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN IRQ LEB TUR 36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron aculeatum (L.) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium aculeatum (L.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 37 (1801)

= Aspidium aculeatum f. plukenetii (Loisel.) Döll; 39 (1855)

= Aspidium aculeatum f. rotundatum Döll; 38 (1855)

= Aspidium aculeatum f. simplicius Lindm.; Ark. Bot. 1: 224 (1903)

= Aspidium aculeatum f. umbraticum (Kuntze) Döll; 38 (1855)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Celak.; 10 (1867)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Milde; Höh. Sporenpfl. Deutschl.: 63 (1865)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Niessl; Verh. Naturf. Vereins Brünn 4: 305 (1866)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. aristatum Christ; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 1: 85 (1891)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. cambricum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 7 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. intermedium Bellynck; 316 (1855)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. lobatum (Huds.) Hampe; 63 (1836)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. lobatum (Huds.) Warnst.; Hallier & Brand, Koch´s Syn. 3: 2864 (1907)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. longilobum Milde; 64 (1865)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. muscosum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 7 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. plukenetii (Loisel.) Bellynck; 316 (1855)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. plukenetii (Loisel.) Rouy; Rouy & Foucaud, Fl. France 14: 418 (1913)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. pseudolonchitis Bellynck; 316 (1855)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. vulgare Döll; 20 (1843)

= Aspidium angulare subsp. aculeatum (L.) C.Hartm.; 164 (1866), nom. illeg.

= Aspidium bosniacum Formánek; Österr. Bot. Zeitung 38: 243 (1888)

= Aspidium hastulatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Simonk.; 607 (1887)

= Aspidium intermedium Sadler; Descr. Pl. Epiph. Hung.: 16 (1820), nom. illeg.

= Aspidium lobatum (Huds.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 37 (1801)

= Aspidium lobatum f. abnorme Zapal.; 79 (1905)

= Aspidium lobatum f. plukenetii (Loisel.) Zapal.; 79 (1905)

= Aspidium lobatum var. aristatum Christ; 85 (1891)

= Aspidium lobatum var. longilobum Milde; 186 (1858)

= Aspidium lobatum var. microlobum Milde; 187 (1858)

= Aspidium lobatum var. platylobum Milde; 187 (1858)

= Aspidium lobatum var. plukenetii (Loisel.) F.Hofer; 115 (1902)

= Aspidium lobatum var. ramosum Gray; Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 8 (1821 publ. 1822)

= Aspidium lobatum var. rigidum Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 4: 963 (1904)

= Aspidium lobatum var. subtripinnatum Milde; 186 (1858)

= Aspidium munitum Sadler; Fil. ver. Hung. 34 (1830)

= Aspidium plukenetii Steud.; Nomencl. Bot. Crypt. 2: 64 (1824)

= Aspidium pseudolonchitis Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 4: 346 (1865)

= Aspidium serrulatum Opiz; Kratos 2(1): 6 (1820)

= Aspidium sublobatum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 166 (1828)

= Dryopteris aculeata (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

= Dryopteris aculeata subsp. lobata (Huds.) Briq.; Prodr. Fl. Corse 1: 14 (1910)

= Dryopteris lobata (Huds.) Beck; Österr. Bot. Zeitung 67: 113 (1918), isonym

= Dryopteris lobata (Huds.) Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 60: 340 (1915)

= Dryopteris setifera subsp. lobata (Huds.) Maire; Jahand. & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc. 3 (1931)

= Hypopeltis aculeata (L.) Tod.; Giorn. Sci. Nat. Econ. Palermo 1: 238 (1866)

= Hypopeltis lobulata Bory; Exp. Sci. Morée Bot. 3(2): 286 (1832)

= Nephrodium aculeatum (L.) Coss. & Germ.; Flor. Env. Paris. 673 (1845)

= Phymatodes plukenetii (Loisel.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 196 (1836)

= Polypodium aculeatum L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1090 (1753)

= Polypodium aculeatum var. lobatum (Huds.) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 509 (1880)

= Polypodium aculeatum var. minus Lej.; Rev. Fl. Spa: 211 (1825)

= Polypodium appendiculatum Hoffm.; Deutschl. Fl. 2: 8 (1796)

= Polypodium lobatum Huds.; Fl. Angl. 459 (1762)

= Polypodium plukenetii Loisel.; Not. Fl. France: 146 (1810)

= Polystichum aculeatum (L.) Schott; Gen. Fil. ad t. 9 (1834), isonym

= Polystichum aculeatum subsp. lobatum (Huds.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern 8 (1914)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. aristatum (Christ) Askerov; Zametki Sist. Geogr. Rast. 39: 6 (1983)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. aristatum (Christ) Vollm.; 9 (1914)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. corymbiferum T.Moore ex J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. 1: 258 (1860)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. plukenetii (Loisel.) Vollm.; 9 (1914)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. vulgare Döll; 20 (1843), nom. inval.

= Polystichum lobatum (Huds.) Bastard; Essai Fl. Marne & Loire: 367 (1809)

= Polystichum lobatum (Huds.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836), isonym

= Polystichum lobatum f. bifidum Seeland; 78 (1938), nom. inval.

= Polystichum lobatum f. multifurcatum Seeland; 78 (1938), nom. inval.

= Polystichum lobatum f. pilosum Domin; 8 (1931)

= Polystichum lobatum var. aculeatum (L.) Syme & N.E.Br.; 93 (1886), nom. illeg.

= Polystichum plukenetii (Loisel.) DC.; Lam. & A. DC., Fl. Franç., éd. 3, 6: 241 (1815)

= Polystichum pseudolochnitis Bellynck ex Dumort.; Bull. Soc. Bot. Belg. 4: 346 (1865)

= Polystichum stipitatum Chauvin; Mém. Soc. Linn. Calvados 2: 502 (1825)

= Tectaria aculeata (L.) Lag., Garcia & Clem.; Anales Ci. Nat. 5: 145 (1802)

species :

Polystichum acutidens Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 259 (1902)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; ?Japan; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar; Thailand; Vietnam

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Haplopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polypodium mucronatum Roxb.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 490 (1844), non (Sw.) Sw. 1806

= Polystichum deltodon var. acutidens (Christ) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 68 (1924)

= Polystichum subauriculatum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 4: 139 (1935)

species :

Polystichum acutipinnulum Ching & K.H.Shing; Wuyi Sci. J. 1: 9(1981)

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guizhou, Henan, W-Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum lobatopinnulum Ching; Boufford & K. H. Shing, J. Arnold Arbor. 64(1): 32 (1983) [not a synonym of P. makinoi fide Flora of China]

= Polystichum wuyishanense Ching & K.H.Shing; Wuyi Sci. J. 1: 9 (1981)

species :

Polystichum adungense H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang ex Ching & Fraser-Jenk.; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(4): 370 (1994)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh); N-Myanmar

36 CHI 40 IND 41 MYA

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

species :

Polystichum albomarginatum M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 218 (2005)

Distribution: Ecuador; Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL ECU

species :

Polystichum alcicorne (Baker) Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 194 (1900)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, NE-Guizhou, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Sphaenopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium alcicorne (Baker) Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. It. 295 (1901)

= Polypodium alcicorne Baker; J. Bot. 26: 229 (1888)

species :

Polystichum alfaroi (Christ) Barrington; Rhodora 94: 328 (1992)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; El Salvador; Costa Rica; Panama

79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA PAN

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. alfaroi Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér, 2, 4: 963 (1904)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. flavidum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 9 (1925)

= Polystichum flavidum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 22: 9 (1925)

species :

Polystichum alluvium Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & Yi F.Duan; Phytotaxa 323(1): 88 (2017)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum alpinum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 171 (1913)

Distribution: Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 MOL NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum habbemense Nakaike; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 2(2): 51 (1976)

species :

Polystichum altum Ching ex Li Bing Zhang & H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(5): 465, pl. 1: 6-8 (1998)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum ambiguum Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 49, t. 27 (1912)

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Remarks: known only from type

species :

Polystichum amboroense M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 224 (2005)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Santa Cruz)

83 BOL PER

species :

Polystichum ammifolium (Desv.) C.Chr.; Cat. Pl. Madag. Pterid. 31 (1932)

Distribution: Madagascar; Mauritius; La Réunion

29 MAU MDG REU

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis II

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium ammifolium (Poir.) Desv.; Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 5: 321 (1811)

= Aspidium schizolobium (Fée) Kuhn; Filic. Afr. 141 (1868)

= Aspidium stramineum Kaulf. ex Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 4(1): 105 (1827)

= Aspidium vestitum Sieber; Flora Mauritiana, exsiccatae suppl. n. 48, nom. nud.

= Hypopeltis mauritiana Bory; Bél., Voy. Indes Or., Bot. 2: 67 (1833)

= Hypopeltis straminea (Kaulf. ex Spreng.) Bory; Bél., Voy. Indes Or., Bot. 2(1): 67 (1833)

= Phegopteris ammifolia (Desv.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 243 (1852)

= Polypodium ammifolium (Desv.) Poir.; Encycl. 5: 554 (1863)

= Polystichum mauritianum (Bory) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

= Polystichum schizolobium Fée; Mém. Foug. 8 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 99 (1857)

= Polystichum sieberianum C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836), nom. nov. for Aspidium vestitum Sieber, nom. nud.

= Polystichum stramineum (Kaulf. ex Spreng.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

species :

Polystichum andersonii Hopkins; Amer. Fern J. 3: 116, pl. 9 (1913)

Name: Anderson´s hollyfern (EN)

Distribution: SE-Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, basal in HYMASO superclade

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum braunii subsp. andersonii (Hopkins) Calder & Roy L.Taylor; Canad. J. Bot. 43: 1388 (1965)

= Polystichum braunii var. andersonii (Hopkins) Hultén; Ark. Bot., a.s., 7(1): 5 (1967 publ. 1968)

= Polystichum jenningsii Hopkins; Ann. Carnegie Mus. 11: 362, t. 37 (1917)

species :

Polystichum andinum Phil.; Linnaea 29: 108 (1857)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

species :

Polystichum annapurnicola Fraser-Jenk.; N. Thapa, Pterid. Nepal: 128 (2002)

Distribution: C-Nepal

40 NEP

species :

Polystichum anomalum (Hook. & Arn.) J.Sm.; Ferns Brit. For. 151 (1866)

species :

Polystichum anshunense Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 404(6): 209 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum aquifolium Underw. & Maxon; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 29: 584 (1902), nom. nov.

Distribution: E-Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium triangulum var. ilicifolium (Fée) Kuhn; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24(1): 111 (1897)

= Polystichum ilicifolium Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 279 (1852) (non T. Moore (1858))

species :

Polystichum archboldii Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 221 (1942)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum articulatipilosum H.G.Zhou & Hua Li; Guihaia 16(3): 205, f. 3 (1996)

Distribution: China (W-Guangxi); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

species :

Polystichum asiae-minoris Tunckol & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 447(4): 296 (2020)

Distribution: Turkey

34 TUR

species :

Polystichum asperrimum Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 404(6): 212 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum assurgentipinnum W.M.Chu & B.Y.Zhang; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 224 (2001)

Distribution: China (Chongqing)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum atkinsonii Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India, Suppl. 14, t 362 (1876)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Japan; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal); India (incl. Sikkim); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.)

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Stenopolystichum

Conservation Status: EN in Japan

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium atkinsonii (Bedd.) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 506 (1880)

= Polypodioides atkinsonii (Bedd.) Ching; (1978)

= Polystichum franchetii Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mem. 1: 28 (1905)

= Polystichum gracilipes C.Chr.; Bot. Gaz. 66: 338 (1913)

= Polystichum gracilipes var. gemmiferum (Tagawa) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 75 (1956)

= Polystichum morii Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 7: 95 (1918) (fide Fraser-Jenkins)

species :

Polystichum auriculum Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2, 1: 309 (1949)

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Sphaenopolystichum

species :

Polystichum australiense Tindale; S. Austr. Nat. 28: 31, f. 1 (1954)

Distribution: Australia (Australian Capital Territory, E-New South Wales)

50 AUS

species :

Polystichum australium Copel.; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 14: 57, t. 8 (1938)

Distribution: Austral Isl. (Tubuai, Raivavae)

61 AUI

species :

Polystichum austropaleaceum Fraser-Jenk.; Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 2: 312 (2018)

Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

species :

Polystichum bachii M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 214 (2005)

Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba)

83 BOL

Conservation Status: Known only from type

species :

Polystichum bakerianum (Atk. ex C.B.Clarke) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, ?West Bengal, Jammu & Kashmir)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium bakerianum (Atk. ex C.B.Clarke) Atk. ex Baker; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. 17: t. 1656 (1886)

= Aspidium prescottianum var. bakerianum Atk. ex C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 510 (1880)

= Polystichum castaneum var. bakerianum (Atk. ex C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India: 210 (1883)

= Polystichum prescottianum var. bakerianum (Atk. ex C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India: 210 (1883)

species :

Polystichum balansae Christ; Acta Hort. Petrop. 28: 193 (1908)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, E-Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Japan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh); Vietnam

36 CHI 38 JAP 40 IND 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Adenolepia

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomium balansae (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912): 23 (1913)

= Cyrtomium balansae f. edentatum Ching & K.H.Shing; Acta Phytotax. Sin., Addit. 1: 18 (1965)

= Cyrtomium kwantungense Ching; Sinensia 1: 44 (1930)

= Phanerophlebiopsis balansae (Christ) Fraser-Jenk. & Baishya; Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, B. 38(4): 175 (2012)

= Polystichum anomophyllum var. miyajimense (Kodama) Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 115 (1925)

= Polystichum miyasimense Kodama; Icon. Pl. Koisikav. 2: 51 (1914)

species :

Polystichum bamlerianum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 330 (1912)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum pullenii Nakaike; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 43(3): 129 (1978)

= Polystichum bamlerianum var. ferrugineopaleaceum Rosenst.

species :

Polystichum basipinnatum (Baker) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 189 (1899)

Distribution: China (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hongkong)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium basipinnatum Baker; J. Bot. 27: 176 (1889)

= Cyrtomidictyum basipinnatum (Baker) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 257, 262, t. 51 (1957)

species :

Polystichum biaristatum (Blume) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 86 (1856)

Distribution: Taiwan; Sri Lanka; Bangladesh; Myanmar; Thailand (widespread); Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sulawesi; Philippines; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Lombok, Sumbawa, Timor)

38 TAI 40 BAN SRL 41 MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI MLY PHI SUL

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. biaristatum (Blume) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. , Bot. 1: 510 (1880)

= Aspidium biaristatum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 164 (1828)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. biaristatum (Blume) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 209 (1883)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. durissimum Rosenthal; Hedwigia 56: 339 (1915)

= Polystichum aquilinum Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 81: 20 (1952)

species :

Polystichum bifidum Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 5: t. 242 (1958)

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Sphaenopolystichum

species :

Polystichum bigemmatum Ching ex L.L.Xiang; Chenia 3-4: 133, f. 1-4 (1997)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: possibly a synonym of P. lentum fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015)

species :

Polystichum bissectum C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912): 64 (1913)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum omeiense Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 16: 114 (1906) (non C. Chr. (1905))

species :

Polystichum boboense Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 358, t. 8, f. 25, 26 (1906)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru

83 ECU PER

Remarks: valid species separate from P. orbiculatum fide Moran et al. 2018

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum orbiculatum var. boboense (Hieron.) R.M.Tryon; Fieldiana, Bot., n. s. 27: 54 (1991)

= Polystichum boboense var. minus Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 359, pl. 8, fig. 26 (1907)

species :

Polystichum bolanicum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 170 (1913)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum bolanicum var. ovale Rosenst.

= Polystichum bolanicum var. ovalifolium Rosenst.

species :

Polystichum bonapartii Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 7: 297 (1909)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Polystichum bonseyi W.H.Wagner & R.W.Hobdy; Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 19: 75 (1993)

Distribution: Hawaii (Maui, Hawaii Isl.)

63 HAW

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis

species :

Polystichum bradei Rosenst.; Hedwigia 66: 365 (1915)

Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

species :

Polystichum brassii Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 78: 394, t. 2 (1951)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum braunii (Spenn.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

Name: Weicher Schildfarn, Zarter Schildfarn (DE), Braun´s hollyfern (EN)

Distribution: Norway; Sweden; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Hessen, +Rheinland-Pfalz, +Sachsen); Switzerland; ?Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; France; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; Romania; Bulgaria; Latvia; Belarus; C-European Russia; W-European Russia; Moldova; Ukraine; Siberia (Altai, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Khabarovsk, Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Anatolia); Iran; China (Anhui, S-Gansu, Hebei, Heilongjiang, W-Henan, NW-Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, S-Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, W-Henan, Xinjiang); Tibet; North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan; Alaska; Canada (British Columbia, Labrador, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Isl., Québec); St. Pierre et Miquelon; USA (Connecticut, Idaho, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Wisconsin)

10 NOR SWE 11 AUT CZE GER HUN POL SLO SWI 12 FRA 13 BUL CRO ITA KOS MNT ROM SLV SRB 14 BLR LAT MLD RUS UKR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 IRN TUR 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR NKO 70 ASK 71 CDN 72 CDN SPM 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, basal in HYMASO superclade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. braunii (Spenn.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 810 (1882)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. braunii (Spenn.) Celak.; 697 (1881)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. braunii (Spenn.) Döll; 21 (1843)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. subtripinnatum Milde; 65 (1865)

= Aspidium braunii Spenn.; Fl. Friburg. 1: 9 (1825)

= Aspidium braunii var. subtripinnatum (Milde) Borbás; 447 (1877)

= Aspidium pilosum Schur; Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 2: 168 (1851)

= Dryopteris aculeata var. braunii (Spenn.) Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 4 112 (1893)

= Dryopteris braunii (Spenn.) Underw.; Britton & A. Braun, Ill. Fl. N. U.S. 1: 15 (1896)

= Polypodium paleaceum Borkh.; Roem. Arch. 1(3): 20 (1798)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. braunii (Spenn.) Davenp.; Rhodora 4: 10 (1902), isonym

= Polystichum aculeatum var. braunii (Spenn.) Döll; 21 (1843)

= Polystichum braunii subsp. purshii (Fernald) Calder & Roy L.Taylor; Canad. J. Bot. 43: 1388 (1965)

= Polystichum braunii var. clarkei Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 25 (1899)

= Polystichum braunii var. purshii Fernald; Rhodora 30: 30 (1928)

= Polystichum paleaceum (Borkh.) O.Schwarz; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Ges. 1: 85 (1949)

= Polystichum shennongense Ching, Boufford & K.H.Shing; J. Arnold Arbor. 64: 34 (1983) [not a synonym of P. makinoi fide Flora of China]

species :

Polystichum bulbiferum Barrington; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76(2): 371 (1989)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Polystichum calderonense Proctor; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 53: 273 (1989)

Distribution: Puerto Rico

81 PUE

Conservation Status: IUCN E (known only from two collections)

species :

Polystichum californicum (D.C.Eaton) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

Name: California Sword Fern

Distribution: C-Canada (British Columbia, Vancouver Isl.); W-USA (Washington, Oregon, California)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, North American clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron californicum (D.C.Eaton) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. californicum (D.C.Eaton) D.C.Eaton; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 336 (1878)

= Aspidium californicum D.C.Eaton; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 6: 555 (1865)

= Dryopteris aculeata var. californica (D.C.Eaton) Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 4 112 (1893)

= Dryopteris californica (D.C.Eaton) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. californicum (D.C.Eaton) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 36 (1923)

species :

Polystichum caruifolium (Baker) Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 194 (1900) [carvifolium]

Distribution: China (Chongqing, W-Guangxi, Guizhou, Sichuan, E-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Sphaenopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Acropelta caruifolia (Diels) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 31(1): 254 (1977)

= Aspidium caruifolium Baker; J. Bot. 26: 228 (1888) (non Kunze (1851))

= Polystichum faberi Christ; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 37 (1909), nom. nov. superfl.

= Polystichum omeiense C.Chr.; Index Filic. 67 (1905), 585 (1906), nom. illeg. superfl., not Christ (1906)

species :

Polystichum caudatum (Sw.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

Distribution: Brazil (Minas Gerais)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium caudatum Sw.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1817: 62 (1817), nom. illeg., non Sw. 1806

= Aspidium freyreissii Wikstr.; Kongl. Vetensk. Acad. Handl. 1825: 443 (1825)

species :

Polystichum caudescens Dutra; Anais Reunião Sul-Amer. Bot. 2: 49 (1938 publ. 1939)

Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, São Paulo)

84 BRA

species :

Polystichum cavernicola Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 52(1): 122 (2011)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum centronepalense Fraser-Jenk. & Tamang; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 417 (2008)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan); C-Nepal

36 CHI 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum kangdingense H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Act. Phytotax. Sin. 36: 254, t. 3, f. 1-4 (1998), nom. inval. without type, et Phytotaxa 60: 58 (2012)

species :

Polystichum chaparense M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 225 (2005)

Distribution: Bolivia (Cochabamba)

83 BOL

species :

Polystichum cheilanthoides Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 221 (1942)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum chilense (Christ) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 192 (1899)

Name: Pelomén-lahuén [Chile]

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium bridgesii (Schott) J.W.Sturm; Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg 2: 181 (1858)

= Aspidium paucicuspe J.W.Sturm; Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg 2: ? (1858)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. chilense Christ; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 3: 39 (1893)

= Polystichum bridgesii Schott; Gen. Fil. (Vindob.): t. 9 (1834)

species :

Polystichum chingae Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 4: t. 182 (1937)

Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Chingiarum

species :

Polystichum christianae (Jenman) Underw. & Maxon; Maxon, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 30 t, 2 (1909)

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium christianae Jenman; Bull. Dept. Jam. 2: 285 (1895)

species :

Polystichum christii Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2: 192, t. 7 (1931)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, SE-Yunnan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Sphaenopolystichum

species :

Polystichum chunii Ching; Sinensia 1: 2 (1929)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, SW-Hunan); Taiwan; Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum. New record for Taiwan in Hsu (2014). Included in P. lentum by Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2018)

species :

Polystichum clarinervium C.X.Li, N.R.Patel & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 280(3): (2017)

Distribution: China (Sichuan: Emei Shan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum concinnum Lellinger ex Barrington; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 367 (1989)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS PAN

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

species :

Polystichum confusum Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 404(6): 215 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum congestum M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 212 (2005)

Distribution: Ecuador; Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL ECU

Remarks: to be expected in Peru

species :

Polystichum conjunctum (Ching) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 57 (2012)

Distribution: China (Jiangxi)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomidictyum conjunctum Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 263, t. 52 (1957)

species :

Polystichum consimile Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 6: t. 237 (1958)

Distribution: +China (+Chongqing)

36 CHI

Remarks: a valid species fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018

Conservation Status: probably extinct fide Flora of China

species :

Polystichum copelandii Christ; Philipp. J. Sci., Bot. 2: 157 (1907)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Polystichum costularisorum Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 224 (2001)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum craspedosorum (Maxim.) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 189 (1899)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorye); China (Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Mastigopteris

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium craspedosorum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 16: 231 (1871)

= Aspidium craspedosorum var. giraldii Christ; Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. n. s., 4(1): 93 (1897)

= Aspidium craspedosorum var. japonicum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 15: 232 (1870)

= Aspidium craspedosorum var. mandshuricum Maxim.; Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg 15: 232 (1870)

= Dryopteris craspedosora (Maxim.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

= Hemesteum craspedosorum (Maxim.) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Polystichum leucochlamys Christ; Bot. Gaz. 61: 351 (1911)

= Ptilopteris craspedosora (Maxim.) Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 706 (1927)

species :

Polystichum crassinervium Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 224 (2001)

Distribution: China (N-Guangdong, Guangxi, S-Guizhou, S-Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum crinigerum (C.Chr.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 495 (1938)

Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Crinigera

Synonyms: hidden

= Dryopteris crinigera C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912): 31 (1913), nom. nov.

= Polypodium crinitum Baker; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1906: 12 (1906) (non Poir. (1804))

species :

Polystichum crinulosum (Desv.) J.P.Roux; Novon 6(2): 202 (1996)

Distribution: +Mauritius

29 MAU

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium crinulosum Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6, 2: 249 (1827)

species :

Polystichum cuneatiforme W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 177, pl. 50: 9-11 (2001), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (C-Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum cuneatum Ching ex P.S.Wang; Guizhou Sci. 12(2): 56.f. 2 (1994), not P. cuneatum Nakaike (1978)

species :

Polystichum cuneatum Nakaike; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 4(3): 128 (1978)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum cyclolobum C.Chr.; H. Lév., Cat. Pl. Yun-Nan 111 (1916)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, Guizhou, W-Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum delavayi (Christ) Ching ex Li Bing Zhang & H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(5): 468 (1998)

= Polystichum ilicifolium var. delavayi Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52(Mem. 1): 31 (1905)

= Polystichum integrilimbum Ching & H.S.Kung; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 9(4): 275 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum pseudorhomboideum H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(5): 468 (1998), nom. nov. superfl. for P. rhomboideum Ching 1974

= Polystichum rhomboideum Ching; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 223 (1974), nom. illeg. (fide Fraser-Jenkins (1997) but kept separate by Flora of China)

= Polystichum stimulans var. delavayi (Christ) H.S.Kung; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 9(4): 268 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

species :

Polystichum cystostegia (Hook.) Armstr.; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 13: 364 (1881) (cystostigium)

Name: Alpine shield fern

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., Stewart Isl.); Auckland Isl.; Campbell Isl.

51 AUC NZL 91 CMP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium cystostegia Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 26, t. 227 (1862)

= Dryopteris cystostegia (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

= Polystichum cystostegia (Hook.) Cheeseman; (1925), isonym

species :

Polystichum daguanense L.L.Xiang ex Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(3): 263 (1994)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum dangii P.S.Wang; Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 531.f. 133: 1-5 (2001)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou, N-Guangxi); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

species :

Polystichum decoratum Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 20, t. 3 (1909)

species :

Polystichum deflexum Ching ex W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 47 (1992)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum deltatum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 146 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum deltodon (Baker) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Myanmar; Vietnam; Philippines

36 CHI 38 JAP NNS 41 MYA VIE 42 PHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Haplopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Arachniodes dimorphophylla (Hayata) Ching; Acta Bot. Sin. 10: 257 (1962) [fide Flora of China]

= Aspidium deltodon Baker; Gard. Chron. n. s. 14: 494 (1810)

= Aspidium tosaense Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 6(60): 46 (1892)

= Hemesteum deltodon (Baker) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Hemesteum pinfaense H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Polypodium submarginale Langsd. & Fisch.; Pl. Voy. Russes Monde 12 (1810)

= Polystichum deltodon var. cultripinnum W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 225 (2001)

= Polystichum dimorphophyllum Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 80: 428 (1911) [fide Flora of China]

= Polystichum tosaense (Makino) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 144 (1909)

= Rumohra dimorphophylla (Hayata) H.Itô; J. Jap. Bot. 11: 576, f. 5(3) (1935) [fide Flora of China]

species :

Polystichum deminuens Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24: 53, t. 19 (1922)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Remarks: valid species according to Hernandez & Sánchez 2013, treated as synonym of P. decoratum and as ´P. diminuens´ in Mickel (1997)

species :

Polystichum diaphanum (Zoll. & Moritzi) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 90 (1858)

Distribution: Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Sumbawa)

42 JAW LSI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium diaphanum Zoll. & Moritzi; Natuur- Geneesk. Arch. Ned.-Indië 2: 203 (1845)

species :

Polystichum dielsii Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 16: 238 (1906)

Distribution: China (W-Guangxi, Guizhou, SE-Yunnan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Hemesteum dielsii H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Polystichum craspedocarpium Ching & W.M.Chu ex L.L.Xiang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32: 259 (1994)

= Polystichum deltodon var. marginale (Christ) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 67 (1924)

= Polystichum hecatopterum var. marginale Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 114 (1904)

= Polystichum pinfaense Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 16: 110 (1906)

species :

Polystichum diffundens H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 17(1): 27 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum discretum (D.Don) J.Sm.; J. Bot. (Hook.) 3: 413 (1841)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet (Nyingchi, Medog); Japan; Pakistan (Swat, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, ?Assam State, Himachal Pradesh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal, Jammu & Kashmir); Myanmar (Kachin, Chin, etc.); Thailand

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA THA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. nigropaleaceum Christ; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 3: 26, 38 (1893)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. yunnanense Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6(12): 964 (1898), non A. yunnanense Christ 1898

= Aspidium discretum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 4 (1825)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. angulare Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 207 (1883) (p. p., non Aspidium angulare Wall.)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. nigropalaceum Christ; Ber. Schweiz. Bot. Ges. 3 (1893)

= Polystichum indicum Khullar & S.C.Gupta; Nova Hedwigia 32: 425 (1980), nom. nud. (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum kathmanduense Nakaike; Y. Otani, Rep. Cryptogamic Study Nepal (Misc. Publ. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo): 139 (1982) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum lobatum var. discretum (D.Don) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 10: 583 (1906)

= Polystichum nigropalaceum (Christ) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

= Polystichum setiferum var. nigropalaceum (Christ) Sledge; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 5: 37 (1973)

= Polystichum wallichianum C.Presl; Tent. Pterid.: 83 (1836), nom. nud.

species :

Polystichum disjunctum Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 226, pl. 3: 6-9 (2001)

Distribution: China (W-Guangxi, S-Yunnan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

species :

Polystichum dissimulans Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13, 31, t. 4 A (1909)

Distribution: Jamaica; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)

81 HIS JAM

Remarks: recently recollected: Majure et al. 2020. The type is from Jamaica, the Hispaniola population might be a different taxon.

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium rhizophyllum var. sublobatum Christ; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 112 (1897)

species :

Polystichum distans E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl.1: 91 (1872)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Colombia (Antioquia)

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON 82 CLM

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum pallidum E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl.1: 91 (1872) (non Gardner 1842)

species :

Polystichum dongchuanense Z.L.Liang, Z.R.He & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 479(1): 114 (2021)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum dracomontanum Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 145 (1982)

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, ?Free State); Lesotho

27 LES SAF

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Afra clade

species :

Polystichum drepanum (Sw.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 84 (1836)

Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl.)

21 MDR

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium drepanum Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 38 (1801)

= Phegopteris drepanum (Sw.) J.Sm.; Cat. Cult. Ferns 16 (1857)

= Polypodium drepanum (Sw.) Lowe; Trand. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 6: 523 (1838)

species :

Polystichum dubium (H.Karst.) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 194 (1899)

Distribution: +Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia (Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Huila, Nariño, Quindío, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Tachira); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

80 COS PAN 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomium dubium (H.Karst.) R.M.Tryon & A.F.Tryon; Rhodora 83: 134 (1981)

= Phegopteris dictyophylla Mett.; Kuhn, Linnaea 36: 106 (1869)

= Phegopteris dubia H.Karst.; Fl. Columb. 1: 169, t. 84 (1861)

= Polypodium dubium (H.Karst.) Hook.; Sp. Fil. 5: 15 (1863)

= Polystichum dictyophyllum (Mett.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 581 (1906)

species :

Polystichum dudleyi Maxon; J. Washington Acad. Sci. 8: 620 (1918)

Name: Dudley´s swordfern

Distribution: USA (W-California)

76 USA

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum aculeatum var. dudleyi (Maxon) Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jepson] 36 (1923)

species :

Polystichum duthiei (C.Hope) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 72 (1905), 581 (1906)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; ?Bhutan; India (Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND NEP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Sorolepidium

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium duthiei C.Hope; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 12: 532 (1899)

= Sorolepidium duthiei (C.Hope) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 10 (1940)

species :

Polystichum duyunense Li Bing Zhang, X.Y.Miao & Chun X.Li; Phytotaxa 292(3): 296 (2017)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum echinatum (J.F.Gmel.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 83 (1905), 581 (1906)

Distribution: Guatemala; Cuba; Hispaniola; Puerto Rico

80 GUA 81 CUB HIS PUE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium trapezoides Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 31 (1801)

= Aspidium triangulum var. falcatum Kuhn; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24(1): 112 (1897)

= Aspidium triangulum var. trapezoides (Sw.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 689 (1864)

= Aspidium triangulum var. trapezoides (Sw.) Kuhn; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24(1): 111 (1897), isonym

= Aspidium viviparum var. trapezoides (Sw.) Jenman; Ferns Brit. W. Ind. 199 (1907)

= Nephrodium sloanei C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 33 (1825)

= Polypodium echinatum J.F.Gmel.; Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis]. 2(2): 1309 (1792)

= Polypodium muricatum Sw.; Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 131 (1788) (non L. (1753))

= Polystichum cyphochlamys Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 279 (1852)

= Polystichum sloanei C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

species :

Polystichum ekmanii Maxon; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 46: 108 (1933)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic, Haiti)

81 HIS

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum. Treated as bona sp. in Mickel (1997)

species :

Polystichum elevatovenosum Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 226 (2001)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum elmeri Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 81: 21 (1952)

Distribution: Philippines (Mindanao)

42 PHI

species :

Polystichum eriorachis Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 5: 220 (1922)

Distribution: Sumatra

42 SUM

species :

Polystichum erosum Ching & K.H.Shing; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 10: 303 (1965), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan, NE-Yunnan); Taiwan

36 CHI 38 TAI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Basigemmifera

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum lacerum Christ; Bot. Gaz. 61: 362 (1911) (non C. Presl 1851)

species :

Polystichum erythrosorum A.R.Sm.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 40: 225 (1975)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

species :

Polystichum exauriforme H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 17(1): 27 (1995)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum excellens Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 5: t. 234 (1958)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hunan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

species :

Polystichum excelsius Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 16 (1984)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum falcatilobum Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 227 (2001)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, N-Guizhou, S-Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Adenolepia

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomium uniseriale f. marginale Ching ex K.H.Shing

species :

Polystichum falcinellum (Sw.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl.)

21 MDR

Conservation Status: IUCN E

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium falcinellum Sw.; Syn. Fil. 46, 243 (1806)

= Dryopteris falcinella (Sw.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

species :

Polystichum fallax Tindale; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 80: 54, t. 2 (1955)

Distribution: Australia (SE-Queensland, E-New South Wales)

50 AUS

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

species :

Polystichum faucicola M.Kessler & Lehnert; Candollea 64(1): 124 (2009)

Distribution: Ecuador

83 ECU

species :

Polystichum fengshanense Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Syst. Bot. 36(4): 859 (2012)

Distribution: China (N-Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum fibrillosopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa I1949

Distribution: South Korea; Japan (Honshu, Shikoku)

38 JAP KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron aculeatum var. fibrillosopaleaceum (Kodama) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo 33: 4 (1953)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. fibrillosopaleaceum Kodama; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29(346): 327 (1915)

= Polystichum polyblepharon var. fibrillosopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 186 (1937)

species :

Polystichum filiorum Mickel; R. J. Johns (ed.), Holttum Mem. Vol. 127, f. 4 a (1997)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)

81 HIS

species :

Polystichum fimbriatum Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 16: 237 (1906)

Distribution: China (NW-Guangxi, S-Guizhou); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Fimbriata

species :

Polystichum flaccidum Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 6: 220 (1922)

Distribution: Sumatra

42 SUM

species :

Polystichum formosanum Rosenst.; Hedwigia 66: 338 (1915)

Distribution: S-Japan; Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

38 JAP NNS TAI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Adenolepia

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum iriomotense Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 4: 137 (1935)

= Polystichum obtusoauriculatum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 337 (1915)

species :

Polystichum formosum Tindale; S. Austr. Nat. 28: 32 (1954)

Distribution: Australia (SE-Queensland, E-New South Wales, E-Victoria)

50 AUS

species :

Polystichum fournieri A.R.Sm.; Amer. Fern J. 70(1): 27 (1980), nom. nov.

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, San Luis Potosi, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Costa Rica; Panama; Venezuela (Lara, Merida)

79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON PAN 82 VEN

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium muelleri Mett.; non C. Chr.

= Polystichum muelleri Mett. ex E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl.1: 91 (1872) (non Schum. (1803))

species :

Polystichum fraxinellum (Christ) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1: 494 (1899)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; N-Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Cyrtogonellum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium fraxinellum Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 15 (1899)

= Cyrtogonellum fraxinellum (Christ) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 329, t. 7(1) (1938)

= Cyrtogonellum omeiense Ching ex Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 15 (1989)

= Cyrtomium fraxinellum (Christ) Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 264 (1902)

= Phanerophlebia fraxinella (Christ) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.] 111 (1947)

species :

Polystichum fuentesii Espinosa; Rev. Chil. Hist. Nat. 36: 239 (1932), et 38: 153, f. 38, 39 (1934)

Distribution: +Easter Isl.

61 EAS

Conservation Status: IUCN V

species :

Polystichum fugongense Ching & W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 49 (1992)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: included in P. longipaleatum by Fraser-Jenkins (1997) but kept separate by Flora of China

species :

Polystichum furfuraceum A.R.Sm.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 40: 226 (1975)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

species :

Polystichum fuscopaleaceum Alston; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 30: 22 (1956)

Distribution: Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Ethiopia; Somalia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Comores (Grande Comore); La Réunion; N-Yemen

23 BIO CMN ZAI 24 ETH SOM 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW ZIM 29 COM REU 35 YEM

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis. This species has been treated within P. sinense (wilsonii) for a long time. The status remains questionable.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum aculeatum var. mildbraedii Brause; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 379, 380 (1915)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. rubescens Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 14: 214 (1923)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. stenophyllon Bonap.; Notes Ptéridol. 14: 215 (1923)

= Polystichum fuscopaleaceum var. ruwensoriense (Pirotta) Pic.Serm.; Webbia 32(1): 90 (1977)

= Polystichum lobatum var. ruwensoriense Pirotta; Savoia, Il Ruwensori, parte scientifica 1: 478 (1909)

= Polystichum setiferum var. fuscopaleaceum (Alston) Schelpe; Bol. Soc. Brot., sér. 2, 41: 216 (1967)

species :

Polystichum fuscum Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 81: 20 (1952)

Distribution: Philippines (Luzon)

42 PHI

species :

Polystichum gejiuense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 148 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum gelidum (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (Lara, Merida); Ecuador; Peru

82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER

Remarks: similar to P. lehmannii but kept separate by McHenry & Barrington (2014)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium gelidum Kunze ex Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 365 (1847)

species :

Polystichum glaciale Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mem. 1: 28 (1905)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Qinghai, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Sikkim)

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Sorolepidium

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum duthiei var. subbipinnatum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 9(3): 131 (1940)

= Sorolepidium glaciale (Christ) Christ; Bot. Gaz. 61: 350, f. 1 (1911)

= Sorolepidium ovale Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 11(2): 17 (1991)

species :

Polystichum glandulosum C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 82 (1836)

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica

81 CUB JAM

Remarks: correct generic placement fide McHenry et al. 2013

Synonyms: hidden

= Adenoderris glandulosa (C.Presl) J.Sm.; Hist. Fil. 223 (1875)

= Adenoderris viscidula (Mett.) Maxon; Bot. Gaz. 39: 367, f. 1 (1905)

= Aspidium glandulosum (C.Presl) Hook. & Grev.; Icon. Filic. t. 140 (1829) (non Blume (1828))

= Aspidium viscidulum Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 322 (1858)

= Dryopteris viscidula (Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 811 (1891)

= Polystichum viscidulum (Mett.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 75 (1905)

species :

Polystichum gonggashanense H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang ex H.He & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 559(2): 207 (2022)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum grandifrons C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. Tert.: 163 (1934)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, S-Yunnan); Japan (Kyushu); Taiwan; NE-India (Manipur, Nagaland); Vietnam; Philippines

36 CHI 38 JAP TAI 40 IND 41 VIE 42 PHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Neopolystichum

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum grande Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2: 189, t. 5 (1931) (non Fée (1857))

= Polystichum kiusiuense Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 16: 15 (1953)

species :

Polystichum guadalupense Fée; Mém. Foug. 11 (Hist. Foug. Antil.): 74, t. 19, f.2 (1866)

Distribution: Guadeloupe

81 GDL

species :

Polystichum guajaibonense Morejón & C.Sánchez; Willdenowia 42(2): 276 (2012)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

species :

Polystichum guangxiense W.M.Chu & H.G.Zhou; Guihaia 16(3): 205, f. 2 (1996)

Distribution: China (W-Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum gymnocarpium Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 227 (2001)

Distribution: China (N-Fujian, SW-Zhejiang)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum hagiangense N.T.Lu, Liang Zhang & L.-B.Zhang; Phytotaxa 175(5): 293-297 (2014)

Distribution: N-Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Polystichum hainanicola Li Bing Zhang, Liang Zhang & X.F.Gao; Phytotaxa 85(1): 10 (2013)

Distribution: China (Hainan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum haleakalense Brack.; U.S. Expl. Exped., Filic. 16: 204, t. 28 (1854)

Distribution: Hawaii (Maui, Hawaii Isl.)

63 HAW

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Polystichum hancockii (Hance) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); Ryukyu Isl.; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 NNS TAI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Crucifilix

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium hancockii (Hance) Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 314 (1891)

= Aspidium reductum Baker; J. Bot. 26: 105 (1888)

= Polystichum hancockii var. leptopteron (Hayata) Suzuki; Annual Rep. Taihoku Bot. Gard. 1: 111 (1931)

= Polystichum hancockii var. proliferum Seriz.; Shidekobushi 1(2): 92 (2009)

= Polystichum leptopteron Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 340, f. 137 a, 141 (1915)

= Polystichum longistipes Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 341, f. 137 b, 142 (1915)

= Polystichum parahancockii Ching; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 2(2): 68 (1982)

= Polystichum simplicipinnum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 5: 343, f. 137 j. 146 (1915)

= Ptilopteris hancockii Hance; J. Bot. 22: 139 (1884)

species :

Polystichum hanmengqii Li Bing Zhang & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 151 (2018)

Distribution: China (Guangdong)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum harpophyllum (Zenker ex Kunze) Sledge; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 84(1): 7 (1982)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu); Sri Lanka

40 IND SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium auriculatum var. normale C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 2 Bot., 1: 507 (1880)

= Phegopteris nitens Fée; Mém. Foug., 5. Gen. Filic. 246 (1852)

= Polypodium harpophyllum Zenker ex Kunze; Linnaea 24: 256 (1851)

= Polystichum nitens (Fée) Fée; Mem. Foug. VIII (Ic. Esp. Nouv.) 127 (1857)

species :

Polystichum harrisii Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 32, t. 4 B (1909)

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium caudatum Jenman; J. Bot. 17: 260 (1879) (non Sw. (1806))

= Aspidium triangulum subsp. caudatum (Jenman) Jenman; Ferns Brit. W. Ind. 198 (1907)

= Aspidium viviparum subsp. caudatum (Jenman) Jenman; Bull. Bot. Dept. Jamaica 2: 268 (1895)

= Aspidium viviparum var. caudatum Jenman; Bull. Dept. Jam. 2: 263 (1895)

species :

Polystichum hartwegii (Klotzsch) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 355 (1906)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Morelos, Nuevo Leon, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Colombia; Ecuador; Bolivia (La Paz)

79 MEX RGI 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 82 CLM 83 BOL ECU

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium crenatum Mett.; Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips.: 89 (1856), nom. illeg.

= Aspidium hartwegii Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 366 (1847), as ´hartwigii´

= Aspidium lechleri Mett.; Hook., Sp. Fil. 4: 21 (1862)

= Aspidium trejoi Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 5: 255 (1905)

= Polystichum drepanoides E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl.1: 92 (1872)

= Polystichum grande Fée; Mém. Foug. 8 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 98 (1857)

= Polystichum hartwigii (Klotzsch) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 365 (1906)

= Polystichum trejoi (Christ) Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 5: 728 (1905)

species :

Polystichum hastipinnum G.D.Tang & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 309(1): 66 (2017)

Distribution: China (Guangdong)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum hecatopterum Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 193 (1900)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Taiwan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh)

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 IND

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hecatoptera

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium auriculatum var. stenophyllum Baker; J. Bot. 26: 26(7): 227 (1888)

= Hemesteum hecatopterum (Diels) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Polystichum auriculatum var. stenophyllum (Baker) C.G.Matthew; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 39: 385 (1911)

= Polystichum pseudomaximowiczii Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 334, f. 137 f-h., 139 (1915)

species :

Polystichum herbaceum Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 20 (1984)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou, W-Hunan); Taiwan

36 CHI 38 TAI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum. Included by Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2018) in P. luctuosum

species :

Polystichum heterolepis Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 279 (1852)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium viviparum (Fée) Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 328 (1858)

= Dryopteris vivipara (Fée) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 814 (1891)

= Polystichum viviparum Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 280 (1852)

species :

Polystichum hillebrandii Carruth.; Seem., Fl. Vit. 358 (1873)

Distribution: Hawaii (Maui, Hawaii Isl.)

63 HAW

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium hillebrandii Hillebr.; Fl. Hawaiian Isl. 568 (1888)

species :

Polystichum holttumii C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7: 256, t. 53 (1934)

Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah)

42 BOR

species :

Polystichum hookerianum (C.Presl) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 67 (1905), 582 (1906)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Japan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.); N-Thailand; Vietnam

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Adenolepia

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium caducum Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.; Icon. Filic. 2: t. 171 (1830), nom. illeg. (non Kunth (1815))

= Cyrtomium caducum (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 276 (1861), nom. nov. superfl.

= Cyrtomium hookerianum (C.Presl) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912): I: 101 (1913)

= Cyrtomium tachiroanum (Luerss.) C.Chr.; Amer. Fern J. 20: 45 (1930)

= Dryopteris caduca (Wall. ex Hook. & Grev.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 812 (1891)

= Lastrea hookeriana C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 77 (1836), nom. nov. for A. caducum Wall.

= Phanerophlebia hookeriana (C.Presl) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.] 111 (1947)

= Phanerophlebia tachiroana (Luerss.) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5 [Gen. Fil.] 111 (1947)

= Phanerophlebiopsis caduca (T.Moore) Fraser-Jenk.; New Species Syndr. Indian Pteridol. 190 (1997), nom. inval. (name rejected by the same author in the same publication)

= Phanerophlebiopsis hookeriana (C.Presl) Fraser-Jenk.; Himalayan Ferns (Guide to Polystichum) 42 (1997)

= Phanerophlebiopsis tachiroana (Luerss.) Fraser-Jenk.; Perspect. Pterid. Present & Future (eds. T. N. Bhardwaja & C. B. Gena) 280 (1991), et in Himalayan Ferns (Guide to Polystichum) 43 (1997), nom. inval.

= Polypodium tachiroanum Luerss.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 4: 362 (1883)

= Polystichum caducum (T.Moore) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1900), nom. illeg.

= Polystichum tachiroanum (Luerss.) Tagawa; Mayebara, Fl. Austro-Higoensis 9 (1931)

species :

Polystichum houchangense Ching ex P.S.Wang; Guizhou Sci. 12(2): 55, f. 1 (1994)

Distribution: China (C-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum huashanicola (W.M.Chu & Z.R.He) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 58 (2012)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum daguanense var. huashanicola W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 23: 257 (2000) (huashanicolum)

species :

Polystichum hubeiense Liang Zhang & Li Bing Zhang; Ann. Bot. Fenn. 50(1-2): 107 (2013)

Distribution: China (Hubei)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Platylepia

species :

Polystichum ichangense Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mem. 1: 28 (1905)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, N-Guizhou, W-Hubei, N-Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum igaense Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 15: 15 (1953)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

species :

Polystichum imbricans (D.C.Eaton) D.H.Wagner; Pteridologia 1: 50 (1979)

species :

Polystichum incisopinnulum H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 17(1): 25 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum incongruum J.P.Roux; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 125(1): 36 (1997)

Distribution: South Africa (W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Afra clade

species :

Polystichum integrilobum (Ching ex Y.T.Hsieh) W.M.Chu ex H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(3): 244 (1998)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Sorolepidium integrilobum Ching ex Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 48 (1989)

species :

Polystichum integripinnum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 196, f. 133 (1914)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: included in P. hookerianum by Flora of China but kept separate by Knapp (Ferns of Taiwan, 2011 ff.)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium integripinnum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 196 (1914)

= Cyrtomium integripinnum (Hayata) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 38: 136 (1929)

species :

Polystichum jamunae Fraser-Jenk.; Aspects Plant Sci. 13: 277 (1991), pro hybr.

Distribution: Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Polystichum mehrae x squamosum

species :

Polystichum jinfoshanense Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(4): 29 (1983)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Sichuan, NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum jinpingense Z.L.Liang, Liang Zhang & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 539(1): 70 (2022)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum jiucaipingense P.S.Wang & Q.Luo; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 29(2): 134 (2009)

Distribution: China (NW-Guizhou)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Micropolystichum

species :

Polystichum jiulaodongense W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 227 (2001)

Distribution: China (Sichuan: Emei Shan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Basigemmifera

species :

Polystichum kadyrovii Askerov & A.E.Bobrov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57: 1297 (1972)

Distribution: Azerbaijan (Talysh)

33 AZE

species :

Polystichum kalambatitrense Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 165, f. 1(1-4) (1956)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Polystichum kenwoodii Lorence & W.L.Wagner; PhytoKeys 4: 22 (2011)

Distribution: Marquesas Isl. (Ua Huka, Hiva Oa, Tahuata)

61 MRQ

species :

Polystichum keysserianum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 331 (1912)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum daymanense Nakaike; Bot. Exped. Papua New Guinea, Nation. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), 102 (1975)

species :

Polystichum kilimanjaricum Pic.Serm.; Webbia 27: 445 (1972 publ. 1973)

Distribution: Tanzania

25 TAN

species :

Polystichum kinabaluense C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7: 255, t. 52 (1934)

Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Moluccas (Seram); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Ireland)

42 BOR MOL NWG 43 BIS

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum clemensiae Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 56: 474, t. 4 (1935)

species :

Polystichum kropfii Li Bing Zhang & Yi F.Duan; Phytotaxa 404(6): 216 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum kruckebergii W.H.Wagner; Amer. Fern J. 56: 4 (1966)

Name: Kruckeberg´s Hollyfern

Distribution: Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State)

70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

species :

Polystichum kuankuoshuiense Bo Wang, Q.W.Sun & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 592(2): 145 (2023)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum kungianum H.He & Li Bing Zhang; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 51(3): 396 (2010)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Hunan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Basigemmifera

species :

Polystichum kwakiutlii D.H.Wagner; Amer. Fern J. 80: 50, fig. 1 (1990)

Name: Kwakiutl´s hollyfern

Distribution: Canada (C-British Columbia: Alice Arm)

Conservation Status: IUCN Ex/E (found only once)

species :

Polystichum kwangtungense Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 5: t. 236 (1958)

Distribution: China (Guangdong)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum lachenense (Hook.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India, t. 32 (1865)

Name: Aleutian Hollyfern

Distribution: China (Gansu, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Yunnan); Tibet; Japan; Taiwan; Pakistan (Swat, Gilgit, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar; Aleutes (Adak Isl., Atka Isl.)

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA 70 ASK

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Sorolepidium

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium lachenense Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 8, t. 212 (1862)

= Polystichum aleuticum C.Chr.; Hultén, Svensk Bot. Tidsskr. 30: 515 (1936)

= Polystichum sinkiangense Ching ex Chang Y.Yang; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 8(2): 55 (1988)

= Polystichum tsuchuense Ching; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 222 (1974)

species :

Polystichum lanceolatum (Baker) Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 193 (1900)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Hubei, ?Henan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium lanceolatum Baker; Gard. Chron., n.s., 14: 494 (1880), non Ettingsh. (1864)

= Hemesteum nanum (Christ) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Hemesteum parvulum (Christ) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Polystichum nanum Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 16: 238 (1906)

= Polystichum parvulum Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 114 (1904)

species :

Polystichum lancilobum C.Chr.; Kungl. Svenska Vetens.-akad. Handl. ser. 3, 16(2): 40, t. 9(1-4) (1937)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)

81 HIS

Remarks: recently recollected (Majure et al. 2020), close to P. dissimulans and P. heterolepis

species :

Polystichum langchungense Ching ex H.S.Kung; Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. 3(2): 134, pl. 1: 1 (1997)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum fengjieense Ching ex S.F.Wu; W. T. Wang, Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mts. 58 (1995), nom. nud.

species :

Polystichum laniceps Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 112 (1906)

Distribution: Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul)

84 BRA

species :

Polystichum lehmannii Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 452 (1904)

Distribution: Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum yungense Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 55 (1912)

species :

Polystichum lemmonii Underw.; Native Ferns ed. 6: 116 (1900)

Name: Shasta Fern, Lemmon´s hollyfern

Distribution: SW-Canada (S-British Columbia); NW-USA (N-Washington, NE-Oregon, N-California)

71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron lemmonii (Underw.) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Polystichum mohrioides var. lemmonii (Underw.) Fernald; Rhodora 26: 92 (1924)

species :

Polystichum lentum (D.Don) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 86 (1858)

Distribution: Tibet (Medog); Pakistan (Swat); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Mizoram, Tripura, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Chin, etc.); New Zealand [I]

36 TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA 51 nzl

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium auriculatum var. lentum (D.Don) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. , Bot. 1: 507 (1880)

= Aspidium auriculatum var. subbipinnatum Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 11 (1862)

= Aspidium lentum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 4 (1825)

= Aspidium ocellatum Wall.; Numer. List no. 360 (1829), nomen

= Aspidium ocellatum Wall. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 2: 43 (1858)

= Polystichum auriculatum var. lentum (D.Don) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 204 (1883)

= Polystichum auriculatum var. subbipinnatum (Hook.) Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India t. 136 (1866) non P. nepalense var. subbipinnatum C. Chr. 1931

= Polystichum lentum var. bifurcatum M.C.Biswas & S.K.Basu; J. Econ. Taxon. Bot. 3(3): 961 (1982 publ. 1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum longipes Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 213 (1983), not P. longipes Maxon (1909)

= Polystichum medogense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 214 (1983)

= Polystichum ocellatum (Wall.) Schott; Gen. Fil. ad t. 9 (1834)

= Polystichum panigrahianum Sarn.Singh; Ferns Fern-Allies Arunachal Pradesh 1: 301 (2005)

= Polystichum sublentum Sarn.Singh & Panigrahi; Ferns Fern-Allies Arunachal Pradesh 1: 307 (2005) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)

species :

Polystichum lepidocaulon (Hook.) J.Sm.; Ferns Brit. For. 286 (1866)

Distribution: China (S-Anhui, Fujian, Guangxi, Hunan, S-Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR TAI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Cyrtomiopsis

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium lepidocaulon Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 12, t. 217 (1862)

= Cyrtomidictyum lepidocaulon (Hook.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 10: 182 (1940)

= Dryopteris lepidocaulis (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Polystichum lepidocaulon var. appendiculatum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 46(550): 632 (1932)

species :

Polystichum lepidotum Sundue & M.Kessler; Brittonia 57(3): 210 (2005)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Conservation Status: Known only from type collection

species :

Polystichum leveillei C.Chr.; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 143 (1918)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Hemesteum leveillei (C.Chr.) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

species :

Polystichum levingei C.Hope ex Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., Mans, 3, 11: 260 (1902)

Distribution: China (S-Gansu, SW-Henan, W-Hubei, W-Sichuan, N-Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim); Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Stenopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum caespitosum var. stenophyllum Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 10: 117 (1887)

= Polystichum conaense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 217 (1983)

= Polystichum deversum Christ; Bot. Gaz. 51(5): 353-354 (1911)

= Polystichum levingei N.C.Nair; Bull. Bot. Surv. India 11: 192 (1969 publ. 1971), non C. Hope ex Christ 1902

= Polystichum stenophyllum (Franch.) Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mém. 1: 27 (1905)

= Polystichum stenophyllum var. abbreviatum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3(2): 93 (1934)

= Polystichum stenophyllum var. conaense (Ching & S.K.Wu) W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 8 (2001)

species :

Polystichum libingii Yi F.Duan & Kropf; Phytotaxa 404(6): 216 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum liboense P.S.Wang & X.Y.Wang; Guizhou Sci. 21(1-2): 109 (2003)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

species :

Polystichum lilianae Barrington; Brittonia 55(4): 321 (2003)

Distribution: Costa Rica

80 COS

species :

Polystichum lindsaeifolium Scort.; J. Malayan Branch Roy. Asiat. Soc. 4: 61 (1926)

Distribution: Thailand; peninsular Malaysia (Kelantan, Pahang, Selangor)

41 THA 42 MLY

species :

Polystichum lineare (C.Chr.) Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 78: 397 (1951)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

Synonyms: hidden

= Papuapteris linearis C.Chr.; Brittonia 2: 300, f. 2 (1937)

species :

Polystichum lionelii O.G.Martínez & M.A.Hern.; Phytotaxa 619(2): 190 (2023)

Distribution: Argentina (Salta)

85 ARG

species :

Polystichum liui Ching; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 3(4): 28 (1983)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, ?Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum lonchitis (L.) Roth; Tent. Fl. Germ. 3: 71 (1799)

Name: Lanzen-Schildfarn (DE), Northern Hollyfern (EN)

Distribution: Iceland; Faeroe Isl.; England; Scotland; W-Ireland; Norway; Sweden; Finland; Belgium; Luxembourg; Germany (Brandenburg [I], Berlin [I], Baden-Württemberg [I], Bayern, Hessen [I], Mecklenburg-Vorpommern [I], Niedersachsen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz [I], Saarland, Sachsen [I], Sachsen-Anhalt, Thüringen); Switzerland; Liechtenstein; Austria; Poland; Czech Republic; Slovakia; Hungary; Spain; Andorra; France; Corsica; Italy; Slovenia; Croatia; Bosnia & Hercegovina; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Romania; Bulgaria; Greece (mountains in mainland); Crete (Lefka Ori); Estonia; Latvia; N-European Russia; W-European Russia; Ukraine; Crimea; Morocco; Siberia (Altai, Buryatia, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, W-Siberia); Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl., Sakhalin); Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Northern Caucasus; Georgia [Caucasus]; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Turkey (Anatolia); E-Afghanistan; China (Xinjiang); Japan; Pakistan (Gilgit, Chitral, Swat, Hazara); NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir); Alaska; Greenland; Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Northern Territories, Ontario, Québec, Yukon); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

10 FIN FOR GRB ICE IRE NOR SWE 11 AUT BGM CZE GER HUN LIE LUX POL SLO SWI 12 ADO COR FRA SPA 13 ALB BIH BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA ROM SLV SRB 14 EST KRY LAT RUS UKR 20 MOR 30 SIB 31 RFE 32 KAZ KGZ TZK 33 ARM AZE GEO NCS 34 AFG TUR 36 CHI 38 JAP 40 IND PAK 70 ASK CDN GNL 71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron lonchitis (L.) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. lonchitis (L.) Bonnier & Layens; Tabl. Syn. Pl. Vasc. France: 378 (1894)

= Aspidium asperum Gray; Nat. Arr. br. Fl. 2 (1821)

= Aspidium lonchitis (L.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 30 (1802)

= Dryopteris lonchitis (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Hypopeltis lonchitis (L.) Tod.; Giorn. Sci. Nat. Econ. Palermo 1: 237 (1866)

= Polypodium lonchitis L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1088 (1753)

= Polystichum asperum (Gray) Bubani; Fl. Pyr. 4: 435 (1901)

= Polystichum lonchitis f. marginale McColl; Amer. Fern J. 14: 107 (1924)

= Polystichum lonchitis var. japonicum Nakai & H.Itô; Nakai, Icon. Pl. Asiat. Orient. 1: t. 28 (1936)

= Polystichum marginale (McColl) Cody; Naturaliste Canad. 93: 273 (1966)

species :

Polystichum longifrons Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 31 (1964)

Distribution: South Korea; Japan

38 JAP KOR

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

species :

Polystichum longipaleatum Christ; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 35 (1909)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. setosum Wall. ex C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. , Bot. 1: 510 (1880)

= Aspidium setosum Wall.; Numer. List no. 371 (1829), nomen (non Sw. 1801)

= Aspidium wallichianum Kunze; Linnaea 24: 291 (1851)

= Hypopeltis setosa (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) Bory; Bél., Voy. Indes Or., Bot. 2: 68 (1833)

= Lastrea setosa Wall. ex T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 103 (1858)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. setosum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India: 209 (1883)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. setulosum Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13(355-358): 129-130 (1914)

= Polystichum nudisorum Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 11: 71 (1941) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum pianmaense W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 51 (1992) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum setosum (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) Khullar & Gupta; Nova Hedwigia 32. 420 (1980), isonym

= Polystichum setosum (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) Schott ex Diels; Engl. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899), non (Thunb.) C. Presl 1836

= Polystichum setosum (Wall.) Schott; Gen. Fil. (Vindob.): t. 9 (1834), nom. nud.

species :

Polystichum longispinosum Ching ex Li Bing Zhang & H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(5): 467, pl. 1: 1 (1998)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Sichuan, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Neopolystichum

species :

Polystichum longissimum Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 16 (1984)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum loratum H.He & Li Bing Zhang; Novon 22(2): 166 (2012)

Distribution: China (N-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum luctuosum (Kunze) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 95 (1858)

Name: Korean rockfern

Distribution: E-Zimbabwe; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]; Madagascar; La Réunion; China (Anhui, Fujian, S-Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, W-Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, S-Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan; Taiwan; W-Nepal; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Arunachal Pradesh); Vietnam; USA [I] (Florida [I], Louisiana [I])

26 ZIM 27 LES SAF SWZ 29 MDG REU 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP KOR TAI 40 IND NEP 41 VIE 78 usa

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum. Inclusion of P. tsus-simense fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2015)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. pallescens Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., Paris 2, 10: 117 (1887)

= Aspidium luctuosum Kunze; Linnaea 10: 548 (1836)

= Aspidium tsus-simense Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 16, t. 220 (1862)

= Polystichum falcilobum Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 236 (1983)

= Polystichum lobatum var. luctuosum (Kunze) Christ; Bericht der Schweizerischen Botanischen Gesellschaft 3: 34 (1893)

= Polystichum lobatum var. tsus-simense (Hook.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 588 (1906)

= Polystichum polyblepharum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 117 (1925), nom. illeg. (non C. Presl (1849))

= Polystichum tsus-simense (Hook.) J.Sm.; Hist. Fil. 219 (1875)

= Polystichum tsus-simense var. parvipinnulum W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 52 (1992)

species :

Polystichum luteoviride Li Bing Zhang, Yi F.Duan, N.T.Lu & Liang Zhang; Phytotaxa 313(3): 296 (2017)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum macleae (Baker) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 190 (1899)

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga); Eswatini [Swaziland]

27 SAF SWZ

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Afra clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium macleae Baker; Hooker´s Icon. Pl. t. 1654 (1886)

species :

Polystichum macrodon Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 404(6): 222 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum maevaranense Tardieu; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 15: 166, f. l(5-9) (1956)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis II

species :

Polystichum magnificum F.Ballard; Kew Bull. 12: 48b, f. 1 (1957)

Distribution: S-Ethiopia; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania

24 ETH 25 KEN TAN UGA

species :

Polystichum makinoi (Tagawa) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 258 (1936)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Fujian, S-Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, W-Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, N-Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Japan; Bhutan

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP 40 BHU

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis. Not in India

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum aculeatum var. makinoi Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 1: 88 (1932)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. nigropaleaceum Makino; J. Jap. Bot. 2: 21 (1922), nom. illeg.

= Polystichum aculeatum var. pinfaense Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 13: 129 (1914)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. veitchii Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 2, 3: 513 (1903)

= Polystichum longiaristatum Ching, Boufford & K.H.Shing; J. Arnold Arbor. 64: 33 (1983)

species :

Polystichum malipoense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 154 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum manickamianum Benniamin, Fraser-Jenk. & Irudayaraj; Novon 18(3): 289 (2008)

Distribution: S-India (Tamil Nadu: Agasthiar Hills)

40 IND

Conservation Status: IUCN CR for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

species :

Polystichum manmeiense (Christ) Nakaike; Y. Otani, Rep. Cryptogamic Study Nepal (Misc. Publ. Nat. Sci. Mus. Tokyo): 141 (1982)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Arunachal Pradesh, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Chin, etc.); Philippines

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA 42 PHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Achroloma

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium manmeiense Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 6: 965 (1898)

= Polystichum falcatipinnum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 192, f. 130 (1914)

= Polystichum nepalense f. subbipinnatum (C.Chr.) Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 5: t. 243, f. 4 (1958)

= Polystichum nepalense var. subbipinnatum C.Chr.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26: 284 (1931) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)

species :

Polystichum marionense Alston & Schelpe; J. S. Afr. Bot. 23: 106. i. l(a), t. 34 (1957)

Distribution: Marion Isl.; Prince Edward Isl.; Iles Crozet; Ile Amsterdam

91 ASP CRZ MPE

species :

Polystichum marquesense E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 40, t. 6 (1931)

Distribution: Marquesas Isl. (Nuku Hiva, Ua Huka, Ua Pou, Hiva Oa, Tahuata, Fatu Hiva)

61 MRQ

species :

Polystichum martini Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 11: 263 (1902)

Distribution: China (C-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum maximum M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 59(2): 197 (2007)

Distribution: Bolivia (La Paz)

83 BOL

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum giganteum M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 215 (2005), nom. illeg., non Fée 1869

species :

Polystichum mayebarae Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 91 (1934)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan; Taiwan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR TAI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum tsus-simense var. mayebarae (Tagawa) Sa.Kurata; Hokuriku J. Bot. 6: 9 (1957)

species :

Polystichum meeboldii Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 246 (1913)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, ?Assam State, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim); Myanmar; Thailand (widespread); Laos; Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 LAO MYA THA VIE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum. Valid name disputed due to missing type of P. meeboldii, possibly P. attenuatum is valid.

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum attenuatum Tagawa & K.Iwats.; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 23: 113, f. 9 (1968)

= Polystichum attenuatum var. subattenuatum (Ching & W.M.Chu) W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 17 (2001)

= Polystichum mannii C.Hope ex Fraser-Jenk.; Aspects Pl. Sci. 13: 263 (1991)

= Polystichum subattenuatum Ching & W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 51 (1992)

species :

Polystichum mehrae Fraser-Jenk. & Khullar; Indian Fern J. 2(1-2): 10 (1985) (nom. inval., lectotype missing, et Indian Fern J. 3(1-2): 121 (1986)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, W-Sichuan); E-Tibet; Pakistan (Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand); ?Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum acanthophyllum var. indicum Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52 (Mem. 1): 31 (1905)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. contortum C.Hope ex E.W.Trotter; Ferns Punjab 13 (1889)

= Polystichum mehrae f. latifundum H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Li Bing Zhang, H. S. Kung & X. S. Guo, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 17(1): 25 (1995)

species :

Polystichum menglaense Z.L.Liang & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 479: 117 (2021)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum mengziense Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 58 (2012), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum deltodon var. henryi Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52(Mem. 1): 27 (1905)

species :

Polystichum mexiae Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 19: 299, t. 55 (1941)

Distribution: Ecuador; ?Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL ECU

species :

Polystichum mickelii A.R.Sm.; Amer. Fern J. 70: 25 (1980)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras

79 MEX 80 ELS GUA HON

species :

Polystichum microchlamys (Christ) Matsum.; Index Pl. Jap. 1: 343 (1904)

Name: Attu Hollyfern

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kamchatka, Kuril Isl.); Japan; Aleutes (Attu Isl.)

31 RFE 38 JAP 70 ASK

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, North American clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron braunii House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium microchlamys Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 820 (1899)

= Polystichum azumiense (Seriz.) Seriz.; Shidekobushi 1(2): 93 (2009)

= Polystichum braunii subsp. kamtschaticum (C.Chr. & Hultén) Á.Löve & D.Löve; Taxon 26(2-3): 326 (1977)

= Polystichum braunii var. kamtschaticum C.Chr. & Hultén; Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. III. 5. 38, t. 2 (1927)

= Polystichum kamtschaticum (C.Chr. & Hultén) Fomin; Fl. Sib. & Or. extr. 6. 94 (1930)

= Polystichum microchlamys (Christ) Kodama; Matsum., Ic. pl. Koisik. 3: t. 147 (1915)

= Polystichum microchlamys var. azumiense Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 45(9): 262 (1970)

species :

Polystichum minimum (Y.T.Hsieh) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 58 (2012)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, NW-Guangxi, Guizhou); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Cyrtogonellum

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtogonellum inaequale (Christ) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 331, t. 7 (4) (1938)

= Cyrtogonellum minimum Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 17 (1989)

= Cyrtomium fraxinellum var. inaequale Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 11: 264 (1902)

species :

Polystichum minutissimum Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 50: 353 (2009)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum mohrioides (Bory) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Distribution: Falkland Isl.; South Georgia Isl.

91 FAL SGE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, North American clade. Possibly a synonym of P. plicatum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium mohrioides Bory; Mém. Soc. Linn. Paris 4: 597 (1824)

= Dryopteris mohrioides (Bory) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Nephrodium mohrioides (Bory) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6, 2: 261 (1827)

= Polystichum mohrioides var. plicatum C.Chr.; Ark. Bot. 10(2): 17 (1910)

species :

Polystichum moluccense (Blume) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 84 (1858)

Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Sulawesi; Philippines; Moluccas (Ternate, Seram, etc.); New Guinea (Papua New Guinea); Bismarck Arch. (New Ireland); Solomon Isl. (Bougainville, Guadalcanal, Kolombangara, Makira, Malaita, Rendova, Nggatokae, Santa Ysabel, Vella Lavella); ?Fiji

42 BOR MOL NWG PHI SUL 43 BIS SOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. batjanense Christ; Farnkr. Erde 238 (1897)

= Aspidium batjanense (Christ) Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér, 2, 6: 996 (1906)

= Aspidium moluccense Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 168 (1828)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. batjanense (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic. Suppl. 128 (1913)

= Polystichum acutifolium C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 5(6) (Epim. Bot.): 259 (1851)

= Polystichum dendrophilum Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 5: 221 (1922) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum horizontale C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 5(6) (Epim. Bot.): 57 (1851)

= Polystichum nudum Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 1, Suppl. II: 145 (1906) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum oppositum Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 56: 474, t. 5 (1935)

= Polystichum papyrifolium Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 28: 41 (1918) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

species :

Polystichum montevidense (Spreng.) Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 111 (1906)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Nariño, Santander, Valle); Venezuela (Merida); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Brazil (Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina); Paraguay (Paraguari); Uruguay (Maldonado); Argentina (Buenos Aires, Cordoba, Jujuy, La Rioja, Misiones, Salta, San Luis, Tucuman)

80 COS 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR URU

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. montevidense (Spreng.) Stuck.; Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires ser. 3, 1: 296 (1902)

= Aspidium macrolepidum Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6, 2: 248 (1827)

= Aspidium montevidense (Spreng.) Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 364 (1896)

= Aspidium montevidense f. imbricatum Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 22: 366 (1896)

= Aspidium montevidense var. subtripinnatum Rosenst.; Hedwigia 43: 223 (1904)

= Aspidium muricatum var. montevidense (Spreng.) Kuhn; Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 11: 35 (1870)

= Phegopteris montevidensis (Spreng.) Mett. ex Salomon; Nomencl. Gefäßkrypt. 276 (1883)

= Polypodium montevidense Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 4(1): 59 (1827)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. microsorium (Fée) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 260 (1931)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. montevidense (Spreng.) Luetzelb.; Estud. Bot. Nordéste 3: 244 (1923)

= Polystichum microsorium Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 125, t. 40, f. 1 (1869)

= Polystichum montevidense f. imbricatum (Hieron.) Hicken; Revista Mus. La Plata 15: 236 (1908)

= Polystichum sellowianum C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

species :

Polystichum monticola N.C.Anthony & Schelpe; Bothalia 15(3-4): 554 (1985)

Distribution: W-Zimbabwe; South Africa (Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov., N-Cape Prov., W-Cape Prov.); Lesotho

26 ZIM 27 LES SAF

species :

Polystichum moorei Christ; Ark. för Bot. 4(12): 3 (1905) ex W. R. B. Oliv.

Distribution: Lord Howe Isl.

50 LHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum kingii Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 87: 401 (1912)

species :

Polystichum mucronifolium (Blume) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 55 (1851)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Uttarakhand, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; N-Thailand; Vietnam; Sumatra; Sulawesi; Java; Lesser Sunda Isl. (Bali, Lombok, Flores, Alor)

36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP SRL 41 MYA THA VIE 42 JAW LSI SUL SUM

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum. It is assumed that records of "P. aculeatum" from the Lesser Sunda Isl. belong here.

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. mucronifolium (Blume) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. , Bot. 1: 509 (1880)

= Aspidium amblyotus Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 283 (1848)

= Aspidium congener Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 165 (1828)

= Aspidium microphyllum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 163 (1828)

= Aspidium mucronifolium Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 164 (1828)

= Aspidium tacticopterum Kunze; Linnaea 24: 210 (1851)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. formosanum Kodama; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29: 328 (1915)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. mucronifolium (Blume) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 210 (1883)

= Polystichum amblyotus (Kunze) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 5(6) (Epim. Bot.): 55 (1851)

= Polystichum heteropaleaceum N.C.Nair & Nag; J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 75(1): 153 (1978)

= Polystichum kodamae Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 186 (1937) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum microphyllum (Blume) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 5(6) (Epim. Bot.): 55 (1851)

= Polystichum mucronifolium (Blume) B.K.Nayar & Kaur; Comp. to Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. India 49 (1974), isonym

= Polystichum tacticopterum (Kunze) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 105 (1858)

= Polystichum tenggerense Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 8: 164 (1910) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

species :

Polystichum muenchii (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 585 (1906), as ´münchii´

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala

79 MEX 80 GUA

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium muenchii Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér, 2, 1: 1120 (1901), as ´münchii´

species :

Polystichum multifidum (Mett.) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 84 (1857)

Distribution: Argentina (Chubut, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisen, Magallanes)

85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium multifidum Mett.; Fil. Lechl. 1: 20, t. 3, f. 14-17 (1856)

= Aspidium pearcei (Phil.) F.Phil.; Anales Univ. Chil. 385 (1881)

= Dicksonia andina Phil.; Anales Univ. Chil. 94: 309 (1896)

= Dryopteris metteniana Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 811 (1891)

= Polystichum multifidum f. autranii Hicken; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 62: 172 (1906)

= Polystichum multifidum var. pearcei (Phil.) R.A.Rodr.; Gayana, Bot. 44: 51 (1987)

= Polystichum nahuelhuapiense Diem; Darwiniana 12: 67, f. 1 (1960)

= Polystichum pearcei Phil.; Linnaea 3: 305 (1865)

species :

Polystichum mulunense X.L.Shen & R.H.Jiang; Pl. Diversity Resources 37(6): 737 (2015)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum munitum (Kaulf.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Name: Schwert-Schildfarn, Schwertfarn (DE), Common Sword Fern (EN)

Distribution: Germany [I]; Alaska; Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Pennsylvania [I], South Dakota, Washington State); Mexico (Baja California Norte); Isla Guadalupe

11 ger 70 ASK 71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 75 USA 76 USA 79 GLP MEX

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, North American clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron munitum (Kaulf.) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium munitum Kaulf.; Enum. Filic. 236 (1824)

= Aspidium munitum var. incisoserratum D.C.Eaton; Ferns N. Amer. 1: 188 (1878)

= Aspidium munitum var. nudatum D.C.Eaton; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 335 (1878)

= Dryopteris munita (Kaulf.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Nephrodium plumula C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 33 (1825)

= Polypodium munitum (Kaulf.) C.Presl; C. Presl, Tent. Pterid. 180 (1836)

= Polystichum munitum f. flabellatum A.A.Eaton; Fern Bull. 9: 8 (1901)

= Polystichum munitum f. incisoserratum (D.C.Eaton) Clute & H.St.John; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 41: 191 (1928)

= Polystichum munitum f. nudatum (D.C.Eaton) M.Broun; Index N. Amer. Ferns 148 (1938)

= Polystichum munitum subsp. inciso-serratum (D.C.Eaton) Piper & Beattie; Fl. N. W. Coast [Piper & Beattie] 7 (1915)

= Polystichum munitum subsp. nudatum (D.C.Eaton) Ewan; Amer. Fern J. 32: 100 (1942)

= Polystichum munitum subsp. solitarium Maxon; Fern Bull. 11: 39 (1903)

= Polystichum munitum var. incisoserratum (D.C.Eaton) Underw.; Native Ferns, ed. 6 116 (1900)

= Polystichum plumula (C.Presl) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

= Polystichum solitarium (Maxon) Underw.; Maxon, Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 10: 493 (1908)

species :

Polystichum muricatum (L.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Guerrero, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro); El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander); Venezuela (Aragua, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Sucre, Yaracuy); Ecuador; Galapagos

79 MEX RGI 80 COS ELS HON NIC PAN 81 HIS JAM 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU GAL

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. moritzianum (Klotzsch) Jenman; Bull. Bot. Dept. Jamaica n. s. 2: 270 (1895)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. moritzianum (Klotzsch) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 689 (1864)

= Aspidium moritzianum Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 367 (1847)

= Aspidium muricatum (L.) Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 5: 264 (1810)

= Aspidium muricatum var. incisum Kuhn; Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 11: 35 (1870)

= Aspidium muricatum var. muelleri Mett. ex Kuhn; Abh. Naturf. Ges. Halle 11: 35 (1870)

= Dryopteris aculeata var. muricata (L.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 3[3]: 378 (1898)

= Polypodium muricatum L.; Sp. Pl. 2: 1093 (1753)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. moritzianum (Klotzsch) Hook.

= Polystichum aculeatum var. muricatum (L.) C.Chr.

= Polystichum moritzianum (Klotzsch) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 354, t. 8, f. 20 (1906)

= Polystichum moritzianum var. setosodentatum Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 354 (1907)

species :

Polystichum muscicola Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 5(2): 228 (2001), nom. inval. (holotype location not cited), et Fl. China 2-3: 706 (2013)

Distribution: China (W-Hubei, W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum muticum Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 221 (1942)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum myer-dreesii Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 18: 221 (1942) (´meijerdreesii´ auct.)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea, Irian Jaya)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum nanchuanicum Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2, 1: 310 (1949)

Distribution: China (Chongqing)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum napoense C.Xiong & R.H.Jiang; Phytotaxa 601(1): 43 (2023)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum nayongense P.S.Wang & X.Y.Wang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 19(1): 41, f. 1 (1997)

Distribution: China (W-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum neoacutidens Li Bing Zhang, Pollawatn & Liang Zhang; Phytotaxa 450(1): 115 (2020)

Distribution: Thailand

41 THA

species :

Polystichum neocavernicola Y.Y.Liang & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 559(1): 95-97 (2022)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum neolobatum Nakai; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 39: 118 (1925), nom. nov. for P. lobatum var. chinense Christ

Distribution: China (Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, ?Ningxia, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; Japan; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Darjeeling, Nagaland, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum assurgens Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 207 (1983)

= Polystichum baoxingense Ching & H.S.Kung; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 9(4): 271 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum garhwalicum N.C.Nair & Nag; J. Jap. Bot. 51: 138, t. 1 (1976) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum latilepis Ching & H.S.Kung; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 9(4): 273-277 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum lobatum var. chinense Christ; Nuovo Giorn. bot. It. n. s. 4: 92 (1897)

= Polystichum neolobatum var. brevipinnum Tagawa; Act. Phytotax. Geobot. 9(2): 92-93 (1940)

= Polystichum rhombiforme Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 209 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum squarrosum var. chinense (Christ) C.Chr.; Act. Hort. Bot. Gothoburg. 1(2): 69-70 (1924)

species :

Polystichum neozelandicum Fée; Mém. Foug., 8. Ic. Esp. Nouv.: 99 (1857)

species :

Polystichum nepalense (Spreng.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 84 (1905), 585 (1906)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan); Tibet; Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar; Vietnam; Philippines

36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA VIE 42 PHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Achroloma

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium auriculatum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 3 (1824), nom. illeg.

= Aspidium auriculatum var. marginatum C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 126 (1880)

= Aspidium marginatum Wall. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 4: 39 (1858) non (Wall.) C. B. Clarke ex Christ 1905

= Aspidium nepalense Spreng.; Syst. Veg. ed. 16, 4(1): 97 (1827), nom. nov. for Polypodium auriculatum D. Don

= Polystichum atroviridissimum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 190 t 128 (1914)

= Polystichum auriculatum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal 3 (1824), non (L.) Sw. 1802

= Polystichum auriculatum var. marginatum Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 201 (1883)

= Polystichum marginatum (Wall.) Schott; Gen. Fil. ad t. 9 (1834)

species :

Polystichum ningshenense Ching & Y.P.Hsu; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 223 (1974)

Distribution: China (Shaanxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum normale Ching ex P.S.Wang & Li Bing Zhang; Novon 22(2): 250 (2012)

Distribution: China (S-Chongqing, E-Guizhou, NW-Hunan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum nudicaule Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 56 (1912)

Distribution: Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Potosí, Tarija)

83 BOL ECU PER

Remarks: if synonymy of P. wolfii is confirmed, it would have priority

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum montevidense var. nudicaule (Rosenst.) R.M.Tryon; Fieldiana, Bot., n. s. 27: 52 (1991)

= Polystichum nudicaule f. majus Rosenst.; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 11: 56 (1912)

= Polystichum wolfii Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 356 (1907)

= Polystichum wolfii var. huilensis Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 357 (1907)

species :

Polystichum obae Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 2: 194 (1933)

Distribution: Ryukyu Isl. (Amami Oshima)

38 NNS

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

Conservation Status: CR in Japan. IUCN E

species :

Polystichum oblanceolatum H.He & Li Bing Zhang; Novon 22(2): 160, figs. 1-2 (2012)

Distribution: China (N-Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum obliquum (D.Don) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 87 (1858)

Distribution: China (W-Guangxi, W-Guizhou, W-Sichuan, W-Yunnan); Taiwan; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar; Philippines (Luzon)

36 CHI 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA 42 PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium auriculatum var. caespitosum (Wall. ex Mett.) C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 507 (1880), as ´caespitosa´

= Aspidium auriculatum var. obliquum (D.Don) Baker; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., ed. 2: 493 (1874)

= Aspidium caespitosum Wall.; Numer. List no. 367 (1829), nomen

= Aspidium caespitosum Wall. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 2: 232 (1858)

= Aspidium obliquum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 3 (1825)

= Hemesteum obliquum (D.Don) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Polystichum auriculatum var. caespitosum (Wall. ex Mett.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 204 (1883)

= Polystichum caespitosum (Wall. ex Mett.) Bedd.; Ferns Brit. India t. 33 (1865)

species :

Polystichum oblongipinnarum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 156 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum oblongum Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 228 (2001)

Distribution: China (SW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum obtusum J.Sm. ex C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. ser. 5, 6: 413 (1849)

Distribution: Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Philippines (Luzon)

42 BOR PHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium obtusum (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) Kunze ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 335 (1858)

= Dryopteris obtusa (J.Sm. ex C.Presl) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Polystichum edanoi Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 83: 97, t. 2 (1954)

= Polystichum obtusum J.Sm.; J. Bot. (Hooker) 3: 412 (1841), nomen

= Polystichum obtusum var. densum Alderw.; (1911)

species :

Polystichum oculatum Armstr.; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 13: 364 (1881)

Name: Common shield fern, Pikopiko, Tutoke (Maori)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., Stewart Isl., Three Kings Isl.); Chatham Isl.

51 CTM NZL

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium coriaceum var. acutidentatum A.Rich.; (1832)

= Aspidium oculatum Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 24, t. 228 (1862)

= Dryopteris oculata (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Polystichum aristatum Hook.f.; Fl. New Zeal. 2, t. 78 (1854) (non C. Presl (1836))

species :

Polystichum ohmurae Sa.Kurata; Hokuriku J. Bot. 5: 79 (1956)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Polystichum orbiculatum (Desv.) J.Rémy & Fée; Gay, Fl. Chil. 6: 515 (1853)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Colombia; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

80 COS 82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum. P. polyphyllum, P. sodiroi and P. pycnolepis have been recently separated. Synonymy and distribution uncertain.

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium orbiculatum Desv.; Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin Mag. Neuesten Entdeck. Gesammten Naturk. 5: 321 (1811)

= Phegopteris saxatilis (Klotzsch) Mett. ex Salomon; Nomencl. Gefäßkrypt. 278 (1883)

= Polypodium saxatile Klotzsch; Linnaea 2: 383 (1847)

= Polystichum orbiculare (Desv.) Christ; Ark. för Bot. 4(12): 3 (1905)

= Polystichum orbiculatum (Desv.) Gay; Fl. Chil. 6: 515 (1853), isonym

= Polystichum orbiculatum var. saxatile (Klotzsch) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 358 (1907)

species :

Polystichum ordinatum (Kunze) Liebm.; Vid. Selsk. Skr. 5, 1: 276 (1849)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Hidalgo, Oaxaca, Puebla, Veracruz); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium ordinatum Kunze; Linnaea 18: 347 (1844)

= Polystichum bicolor A.R.Sm.; Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. ser. 4, 40: 223 (1975)

species :

Polystichum oreodoxa Ching ex H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33: 309 (1995)

Distribution: China (W-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum otomasui Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 12: 67 (1963)

Distribution: China (Fujian, Jiangxi); Japan (Kyushu)

36 CHI 38 JAP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Polystichum otophorum (Franch.) Bedd.; Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 42 (1892)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan); E-Tibet

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium otophorum Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 10: 116 (1887)

species :

Polystichum ovatopaleaceum (Kodama) Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 35 (1964)

Distribution: China (Anhui); South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum aculeatum var. ovatopaleaceum Kodama; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29: 323 (1915)

= Polystichum retrosopaleaceum var. ovatopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 13(3): 187 (1937)

species :

Polystichum paleatum Copel.; Occas. Pap. Bernice Pauahi Bishop Mus. 14: 58, t. 9 (1938)

Distribution: Society Isl. (Tahiti)

61 SCI

species :

Polystichum palniense Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 333 (2008)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu: Palni Hills)

40 IND

Conservation Status: IUCN NT for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

species :

Polystichum papuanum C.Chr.; Brittonia 2: 299 (1937)

Distribution: New Guinea (Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum paradeltodon L.L.Xiang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(3): 265 (1994)

Distribution: China (S-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum paramartini R.H.Jiang & X.C.Zhang; Turczaninowia 25(2): 87-88 (2022)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum paramicola M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 222 (2005)

Distribution: Ecuador; Bolivia (Cochabamba)

83 BOL ECU

Remarks: to be expected in Peru

species :

Polystichum paramoupinense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 226 (1983)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan); Tibet (Bomi)

36 CHI TIB

Remarks: included in P. prescottianum by Fraser-Jenkins but kept separate by Flora of China

species :

Polystichum parvifoliolatum W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 49 (1992)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum parvipinnulum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 160 (1937)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum sozanense H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang ex Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33(3): 309 (1995)

species :

Polystichum pauciaculeatum Bonap.; Notes Ptérid. 7: 206 (1918)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum coursii Tardieu; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, Sér. B, Biol. Vég. 7: 42 (1956)

species :

Polystichum peishanii Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 50(1): 102 (2009)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum perditum Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 404(6): 222 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum perpusillum Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Ann. Bot. Fennici 49: 68 (2012)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum piceopaleaceum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 255 (1936)

Distribution: China (Gansu, N-Guizhou, S-Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Japan; Taiwan; Pakistan (Chitral, Dir, Swat, Pakistani Punjab, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Sri Lanka; Myanmar; Philippines

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK SRL 41 MYA 42 PHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum aculeatum var. fargesii Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52(Mem. 1): 29 (1905)

= Polystichum bicolor Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 240 (1983), non A. R. Sm. (1975)

= Polystichum doianum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 256 (1936)

= Polystichum makinoi var. chuanzangense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 239 (1983

= Polystichum orientalitibeticum Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 240 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997 et al.)

= Polystichum pulogense Copel.; Philipp. J. Sci. 81: 19 (1952)

= Polystichum setiferum var. fargesii (Christ) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 71 (1924)

= Polystichum xizangicum Panigrahi; Pl. Sci. Res., Orissa 20(1-2): 43 (1998)

= Polystichum yunnanense var. fargesii (Christ) C.Chr.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26: 287 (1931)

species :

Polystichum pilosum Copel.; J. Arnold Arbor. 30: 439 (1949)

Distribution: Fiji (Viti Levu, Vanua Levu)

60 FIJ

species :

Polystichum pingbianense Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 158 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum plaschnickianum (Kunze) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 100 (1858)

Distribution: Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic)

81 HIS JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium plaschnickianum Kunze; Linnaea 28: 229, 302 (1850)

= Dryopteris plaschnickiana (Kunze) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

species :

Polystichum platylepis Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 129, t. 41, f. 1 (1869)

Distribution: Brazil (Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum aculeolatum Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 128, t. 38, f. 2 (1869)

= Polystichum giganteum Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 127, t. 39, f. 2 (1869)

= Polystichum longecuspis Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 129, t. 41, f. 2 (1869)

= Polystichum tijucense Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 1: 127, t. 38, f. 1 (1869)

species :

Polystichum platyphyllum (Willd.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 84 (1836)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Oaxaca, Veracruz); Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic); Puerto Rico; Colombia (Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Cesar, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Putumayo, Quindío, Risaralda, Tolima, Valle); Venezuela (Amazonas, Aragua, Barinas, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Falcon, Lara, Merida, Miranda, Portuguesa, Tachira, Trujillo, Yaracuy); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Beni, Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz, Tarija); Brazil (Espírito Santo, Goiás, Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo); Paraguay (Guaira, San Pedro); Argentina (Jujuy, Misiones, Salta, Tucuman)

79 MEX 80 HON NIC PAN 81 CUB HIS JAM PUE 82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU PER 84 BRA 85 ARG PAR

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. phegopteroideum Baker; Mart., Fl. Bras. 1, pt. 2: 462, tab. 28, fig. 9-12 (1870)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. platyphyllum (Willd.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 689 (1864)

= Aspidium platyphyllum Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4. 5: 255 (1810)

= Nephrodium platyphyllum (Willd.) Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6, 2: 261 (1827)

= Phegopteris platyphylla (Willd.) Mett.; Pheg. u. Asp. 12, n. 9 (1858)

= Phegopteris platyphylla var. phegopteroidea (Baker ex Mart.) Farw.

= Phegopteris polystichiformis Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 243 (1852)

= Phegopteris polystichops Wawra; Maxim. Reise 201, t. 102 (1866)

= Polypodium platyphyllum (Willd.) Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 248 (1862) (non Sw. (1806))

= Polypodium polystichoides Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 383 (1847)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. platyphyllum (Willd.) C.Chr.

= Polystichum hottense C.Chr.; Kongl. Svenska Vetensk. Acad. Handl., ser. 3, 16(2): 41 (1936)

= Polystichum lanosum Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Bresil 1. 126 t. 40 f. 2 (1869)

= Polystichum laxum Wawra; Oesterr. Bot. Z. 13: 143 (1863)

= Polystichum opacum Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 112 (1906)

= Polystichum pallidum Gardner; London J. Bot. 1: 547 (1842)

= Polystichum platyphyllum f. mettenii Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 112 (1906)

= Polystichum platyphyllum f. portoalegrense Rosenst.; Hedwigia 46: 112 (1906)

= Polystichum polystichiformis (Fée) Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 35 (1909) [fide Hernandez & Sánchez 2013]

= Polystichum tenue Gilbert; Fern Bull. 8: 63 (1900)

species :

Polystichum plicatum (Poepp. ex Kunze) Hicken ex Hosseus; Trab. Inst. Bot. Parmac. [Buenos Aires] 33: 9 (1915)

Distribution: Ecuador; Argentina (Buenos Aires, Chubut, Cordoba, Mendoza, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego); Chile (Coquimbo, Valparaíso, Metropolitana de Santiago, O´Higgins, Maule, Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

83 ECU 85 ARG CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium elegans (J.Rémy) J.W.Sturm; Enum. pl. vasc. cr. chil. 32 (1858) (non Mett. (1858))

= Aspidium fuscatum Willd.; Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 5: 250 (1810)

= Aspidium plicatum Poepp. ex Kunze; Linnaea 9: 94 (1834)

= Aspidium plicatum var. laxum Kunze; Linnaea 9: 94 (1834 (1835))

= Aspidium plicatum var. rigidum Kunze; Linnaea 9: 94 (1834 (1835))

= Polystichum elegans J.Rémy ex Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

= Polystichum mohrioides f. latifolium Hicken; Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 62: 171 (1906)

= Polystichum mohrioides var. elegans (J.Rémy) C.Chr.; Ark. Bot. 10, no. 2: 17 (1910)

= Polystichum mohrioides var. plicatum (Poepp. ex Kunze) C.Chr.; Ark. Bot. 10, no. 2: 17 (1910)

species :

Polystichum polyblepharon (Roem. ex Kunze) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss. 5(6) (Epim. Bot.): 56 (1851)

Distribution: China (Jiangsu, Zhejiang); South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron polyblepharon (Roem. ex Kunze) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 33: 4 (1953)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. japonicum Franch. & Sav.; Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 231 (1877)

= Aspidium polyblepharon Roem. ex Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 572 (1848)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. japonicum (Franch. & Sav.) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

= Polystichum polyblepharon f. scabiosum (Sa.Kurata) Seriz.; J. Phytogeogr. Taxon. 29: 24 (1981)

= Polystichum polyblepharon var. scabiosum Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 11: 38 (1962)

species :

Polystichum polyodon Ching; Bull. Chin. Bot. Soc. 2: 93 (1936)

Distribution: ?SW-China; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram); ?Myanmar

40 IND

Remarks: generic placement fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018

Conservation Status: IUCN NT for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Arachniodes polyodon (Ching) Mazumdar; Phytotaxa 159(1): 26 (2014)

= Phanerophlebiopsis polyodon (Ching) Fraser-Jenk.; Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 38(3), 93-119 (2012)

species :

Polystichum polyphyllum (C.Presl) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Colombia (Antioquia, Arauca, Boyacá, Caldas, Cauca, Cesar, Cundinamarca, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle); Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

79 MEX 80 COS GUA 82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum. Valid species separate from P. orbiculatum fide McHenry & Barrington 2014. Synonymy provisional - some synonyms might belong to P. orbiculatum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium polyphyllum (C.Presl) Mett.; Fil. Lechl. 1: 20 (1856)

= Aspidium trapezoides (C.Presl) Kunze; Linnaea 9: 93 (1834)

= Jamesonia paleacea Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 739 (1844)

= Nephrodium polyphyllum C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 37 (1825)

= Nephrodium trapezoides C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 37 (1825)

= Nephrodium trapezoides var. minus C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1: 37 (1825)

= Phegopteris rigida Mett.; Pheg. u. Asp. 10, n. 5 (1858)

= Polypodium crenato-dentatum Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 384 (1847)

= Polypodium rigidum Hook. & Grev.; Icon. Filic. 2: t. 163 (1830), nom. illeg.

= Polypodium rigidum var. majus Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 247 (1862)

= Polypodium rigidum var. polyphyllum (C.Presl) Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 247 (1862)

= Polypodium rigidum var. spruceanum Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 247 (1862)

= Polypodium rigidum var. vulgare Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 246 (1862)

= Polystichum haenkeanum C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

= Polystichum orbiculatum var. crenato-dentatum (Klotzsch) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 357 (1907)

= Polystichum orbiculatum var. trapezoides (C.Presl) Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 357 (1907)

= Polystichum pygmaeum Copel.; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 19: 300, t. 56 (1941)

= Polystichum rigidum (Mett.) C.Chr.; Ark. för Bot. 20 A: 13 (1926)

species :

Polystichum prescottianum (Wall. ex Mett.) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 101 (1858)

Distribution: E-Afghanistan; China (S-Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi, W-Sichuan, NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; Pakistan (Kurram, Swat, Chitral, Hazara, Baltistan); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Garhwal, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Darjeeling); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.)

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Sorolepidium. Taxonomy following Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2018)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium moupinense Franch.; Nouv. Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat., sér. 2, 10: 115 (1887)

= Aspidium prescottianum var. castaneum C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. , Bot. 1: 509 (1880)

= Aspidium prescottianum Wall.; Numer. List no. 363 (1829), nomen

= Aspidium prescottianum Wall. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenb. Naturf. Ges. 2: 48 (1858)

= Dryopteris prescottiana (Wall. ex Mett.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. castaneum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; (1883)

= Polystichum bomiense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 223 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum brunneum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 224 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum castaneum (C.B.Clarke) B.K.Nayar & Kaur; Comp. to Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. India 50 (1883)

= Polystichum erinaceum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 221 (1983)

= Polystichum moupinense (Franch.) Bedd.; Suppl. Ferns Brit. Ind. 42 (1892)

= Polystichum moupinense (Franch.) Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52(Mem. 1): 30 (1905)

= Polystichum prescottianum f. castaneum (C.B.Clarke) Kholia; Ferns Fern-Allies Sikkim 2: 78 (2014)

= Polystichum prescottianum var. castaneum (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 210 (1883)

= Polystichum prescottianum var. moupinense (Franch.) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 70, 169 (1924)

= Polystichum pseudocastaneum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 222 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum salwinense Ching & H.S.Kung; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 7 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum yadongense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 220 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

species :

Polystichum prionolepis Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 197, f. 134 (1914)

Distribution: China (SC-Yunnan); Taiwan; Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum rectipinnum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 4: 199 t 136 (1914)

= Polystichum lentum var. gelidum Rosenst.; Hedwigia 56(5): 339 (1915)

species :

Polystichum proliferum (R.Br.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Name: Mother shield fern

Distribution: Australia (E-New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, S-Victoria, Tasmania); New Zealand [I]

50 AUS 51 nzl

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium proliferum R.Br.; Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. 147 (1810)

= Aspidium radicans (C.Presl) Sieber; Syn. Fil. exs. n. 104 (1827)

= Hypopeltis prolifera (R.Br.) Bory; Bél., Voy. Indes Or., Bot. 2: 67 (1833)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. proliferum (R.Br.) Domin; Biblioth. Bot. 20: 54 (1914)

= Polystichum radicans C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

species :

Polystichum pseudoacutidens Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 22(3): 257, f. 2: 3, 4 (2000)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum pseudodangii Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & Liang Zhang; Phytotaxa 607(1): 86 (2023)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Polystichum pseudodeltodon Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 159 (1937)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: separate from P. deltodon fide Wan et al. 2023

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum deltodon var. pseudodeltodon (Tagawa) Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 9(3): 136 (1940)

species :

Polystichum pseudolanceolatum Ching ex P.S.Wang; Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 548.f. 130: 3, 4 (2001)

Distribution: China (C-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum pseudomakinoi Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 257 (1936)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang); South Korea; Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis II

species :

Polystichum pseudomicrophyllum Nakaike; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 9(3): 103 (1983)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum pseudosetosum Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 19 (1984)

Distribution: China (Chongqing)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum pseudostenophyllum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 92 (1934)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: included by Flora of China and Fraser-Jenkins et al. (2018) in P. stenophyllum but kept separate by Knapp (Ferns of Taiwan, 2011 ff.) and Wan et al. 2023

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum niitakayamense Hayata; J. Coll. Sci. Imp. Univ. Tokyo 22: 243 (1906), nomen, et Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 21. 14 (1907)

species :

Polystichum pseudotsus-simense Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2: 190 (1931)

Distribution: SW-China; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar (Chin, etc.); SW-Thailand; Vietnam

36 CHI 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium affine Wall.; Numer. List no. 370 (1829), nomen

= Aspidium affine Wall. ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 104 (1856), nom. illeg.

= Polystichum affine Wall. ex C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836), nom. nud., non Ledeb. 1853

species :

Polystichum punctiferum C.Chr.; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 26: 288, t. 17 (1931)

Distribution: China (W-Yunnan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; NE-India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum glingense Ching & Y.X.Lin; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(5): 397 (1984)

= Polystichum virescens Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 243 (1983)

species :

Polystichum pungens (Kaulf.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; Eswatini [Swaziland]

27 LES SAF SWZ

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium capense Desv.; Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris 6, 2: 260 (1827), nom. illeg.

= Aspidium pungens Kaulf.; Enum. Filic. 242 (1824)

= Dryopteris pungens (Kaulf.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

species :

Polystichum puteicola Li Bing Zhang, H.He & Q.Luo; Bot. Stud. (Taipei) 51(1): 128 (2010)

Distribution: China (NW-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum putuoense Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 58 (2012), nom. nov.

Distribution: China (Zhejiang)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Cyrtomiopsis

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomidictyum faberi (Baker) Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 6: 259, 265, t. 54 (1957)

= Dryopteris faberi (Baker) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 264 (1905)

= Nephrodium faberi Baker; Ann. Bot. (Oxford) 5: 316 (1891)

species :

Polystichum pycnolepis (Kunze ex Klotzsch) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 92 (1858)

Distribution: Colombia; Venezuela (Aragua, Cojedes, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Lara, Merida); Ecuador; Galapagos; Peru; Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Cochabamba, La Paz)

82 CLM VEN 83 BOL ECU GAL PER

Remarks: separate species from P. orbiculatum/polyphyllum fide Morero et al. (2016). Priority of name P. pycnolepis over P. cochleatum see Kessler et al. (2023)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium pycnolepis Kunze ex Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 365 (1847)

= Aspidium robustum Kunze ex Mett.; Fil. Lechl. 1: 20 (1856)

= Phegopteris cochleata (Klotzsch) Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 295 (1858)

= Phegopteris platyphylla var. cochleata (Klotzsch) Farw.; Amer. Midl. Naturalist 12: 293 (1931)

= Phegopteris pycnolepis (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Mett.; Pheg. u. Asp. 11, n. 7 (1858)

= Polypodium cochleatum Klotzsch; Linnaea 20: 388 (1847)

= Polypodium pycnolepis (Kunze ex Klotzsch) Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 247 (1862)

= Polypodium pycnolepis var. elatum Hook.; Sp. Fil. [W. J. Hooker] 4: 248 (1862)

= Polystichum cochleatum (Klotzsch) Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 34: 452 (1904)

= Polystichum pflanzii Hieron.; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 49: 179 (1912)

= Polystichum pycnolepis var. gehrigeri Vareschi; Fl. Venez. 1(1): 403 (1969)

species :

Polystichum pycnopterum (Christ) Ching ex W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 17 (2001)

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. pycnopterum Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier 7: 14 (1899)

species :

Polystichum quangbinhense Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & Liang Zhang; Phytotaxa 283(2): 295 (2016)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Polystichum rachichlaena Fée; Mém. Foug. 8 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 100 (1857)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Sinaloa); Guatemala; Honduras

79 MEX 80 GUA HON

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum confluens E.Fourn.; Mexic. Pl.1: 92 (1872)

species :

Polystichum rapense E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 39, t. 4 A (1931)

Distribution: Cook Isl. (Rarotonga); Austral Isl. (Rapa Iti)

61 AUI COO

species :

Polystichum recavum H.J.Wei & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 374(2): 167 (2018)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum rectum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 161 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum retrosopaleaceum (Kodama) Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 187 (1937)

Distribution: China (Anhui, Hubei, Jiangxi, Zhejiang); South Korea (incl. Ulleung Isl.); Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP KOR

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron retrosopaleaceum (Kodama) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 33: 5 (1953)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. retrosopaleaceum Kodama; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 29: 330 (1915)

= Polystichum tsingkanshanense Ching ex K.H.Shing & J.F.Cheng; Jiangxi Sci. 8(3): 46 (1990)

species :

Polystichum revolutum P.S.Wang; Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 549.f. 133: 6-12 (2001)

Distribution: China (N-Guizhou, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

species :

Polystichum rhizophorum (Jenman) Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 36, t. 7 (1909)

Distribution: ?Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti)

81 HIS JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium triangulum subsp. rhizophorum (Jenman) Jenman; Ferns Brit. W. Ind. 198 (1908)

= Aspidium viviparum subsp. rhizophorum Jenman; Bull. Dept. Jam. 2: 268 (1895)

species :

Polystichum rhizophyllum (Sw.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 82 (1836)

species :

Polystichum rigens Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 91 (1937)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Gansu, Hubei, Shaanxi); Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum platychlamys Ching; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 224 (1974)

species :

Polystichum robustum Ching ex Li Bing Zhang & H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(5): 468, pl. 1: 2-5 (1998)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum rochaleanum Glaz. ex Fée; Crypt. Vasc. Brésil 2: 69, t. 99, f. 2 (1873)

Distribution: Brazil (Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro)

84 BRA

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium rochaleanum (Glaz. ex Fée) Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 2: 558 (1902)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. rochaleanum (Glaz. ex Fée) Luetzelb.; Estud. Bot. Nordéste 3: 244 (1923)

species :

Polystichum rufopaleaceum Ching ex Li Bing Zhang & H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(3): 246, pl. 1: 1-4 (1998)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan, W-Yunnan); Tibet

36 CHI TIB

species :

Polystichum rufum M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 217 (2005)

Distribution: Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

83 BOL PER

species :

Polystichum rupicola Ching ex W.M.Chu; Acta Bot. Yunnan., Suppl. 5: 51 (1992)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan); ?N-Myanmar

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum sanchezii Morejón; Willdenowia 42(2): 278 (2012)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

species :

Polystichum saxicola Ching ex H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(3): 250, pl. 2: 1-4 (1998)

Distribution: China (Sichuan: Emei Shan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum scariosum (Roxb.) C.V.Morton; Contr. U.S. Nat. Herb. 38: 359 (1974)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hongkong, S-Hunan, Jiangxi, S-Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang); Tibet; S-Japan (Yakushima Isl.); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.); peninsular Thailand; Vietnam; peninsular Malaysia; Sumatra; Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu, Sabah); Moluccas (Ambon)

36 CHI TIB 38 JAP NNS 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE 42 BOR MLY MOL SUM

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium scariosum Roxb.; Griffith, Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 494 (1844)

= Polypodium scariosum Roxb.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 494 (1844)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. variiforme Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 332 (1915)

= Polystichum birii Jamir & R.R.Rao; J. Jap. Bot. 58(12): 376 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum eximium var. minus Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 10(4): 292 (1941)

= Polystichum fibrillosum Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2: 189, t. 4 (1931) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)

= Polystichum gemmiferum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 31 (1934)

= Polystichum gemmiparum C.Chr.; Gard. Bull. Straits Settlem. 7: 256, t. 54 (1934) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 208)

= Polystichum indochinense Tardieu & C.Chr.; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 7: 82 (1938)

= Polystichum prolificans Alderw.; Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, ser. 3, 2: 170 (1920) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)

= Polystichum setiferum var. crenatum N.C.Nair; Amer. Fern J. 64: 15 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum tialooshanense Ching; Ching & Chu H. Wang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 9: 366 (1964)

= Polystichum variiforme (Hayata) Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 13: 186 (1937)

species :

Polystichum schizophyllum Lorea-Hern. & A.R.Sm.; Amer. Fern J. 89: 184 (1999)

Distribution: Mexico (Guerrero)

79 MEX

species :

Polystichum scopulinum (D.C.Eaton) Maxon; Fern Bull. 8: 29 (1900)

Name: Mountain hollyfern

Distribution: Canada (British Columbia, Newfoundland, Québec); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming)

71 CDN 72 CDN 73 USA 76 USA

Synonyms: hidden

= Aetopteron scopulinum (D.C.Eaton) House; Amer. Fern J. 10: 88 (1920)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. scopulinum D.C.Eaton; Ferns N. Amer. 2: 125 (1880)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. scopulinum (D.C.Eaton) Gilbert; List N. Amer. Pterid. 20 (1901)

= Polystichum lonchitis var. scopulinum (D.C.Eaton) M.E.Jones; Bull. Montana Univ., Biol. Ser. ser. 15: 7 (1910)

= Polystichum mohrioides var. scopulinum (D.C.Eaton) Fernald; Rhodora 26: 89 (1924)

species :

Polystichum semifertile (C.B.Clarke) Ching; Lingnan Sci. J. 15: 398 (1938)

Distribution: China (Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, West Bengal); Myanmar (Kachin, Chin, etc.); N-Thailand; Vietnam

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA THA VIE

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. semifertile C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 509 (1880)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. semifertile (C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 209 (1883)

= Polystichum longipinnulum N.C.Nair; Amer. Fern J. 64: 15 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins (1997), kept separate by Flora of China)

= Polystichum nyalamense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 241 (1983)

= Polystichum yunnanense var. submuticum C.Chr.

species :

Polystichum setiferum (Forssk.) T.Moore ex Woyn.; Mitt. Naturw. Ver. Steiermark 49: 181 (1913)

Name: Borstiger Schildfarn (DE); Penco (ES)

Distribution: S-England; Ireland; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, +Bayern, Hessen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland); Switzerland; Austria; Poland; Hungary; Portugal; Spain; Baleares; France; Channel Isl.; Corsica; Sardinia; Italy; Sicily; San Marino; Slovenia; Croatia; Montenegro; Serbia; Kosovo; North Macedonia; Albania; Bulgaria; European Turkey; Greece (widespread in mainland, incl. Kiklades, Samothraki); Crete (Lefka Ori); Crimea; Morocco; Algeria; Tunisia; Azores (Santa Maria Isl., Sao Miguel Isl., Terceira, Graciosa, Sao Jorge, Pico, Faial, Flores Isl., Corvo Isl.); Madeira (Madeira Isl.); Canary Isl. (Tenerife, La Gomera, La Palma Isl., Hierro); Northern Caucasus (Daghestan); Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (incl. Nachichevan); East Aegaean Isl. (Lesvos, Ikaria); Turkey (Anatolia); ?Iraq; Iran; New Zealand [I]

10 GRB IRE 11 AUT GER HUN LUX POL SWI 12 BAL CIS COR FRA POR SAR SPA 13 ALB BUL CRO GRC ITA KOS KRI MNT NMA SIC SLV SMA SRB TUE 14 KRY 20 ALG MOR TUN 21 AZO CNY MDR 33 AZE GEO NCS 34 EAI IRN TUR 51 nzl

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum. Not in India

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) Arcang.; Comp. Fl. Ital.: 810 (1882)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. angulare (Willd.) Hook.f.; 465 (1870)

= Aspidium aculeatum subsp. swartzianum (W.D.J.Koch) Celak.; 72 (1887)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) H.C.Watson; London Cat. Brit. Pl.: 14 (1844)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. angulare (Willd.) D.C.Eaton; Rep. U.S. Geogr. Surv., Wheeler 6(Botany): 336 (1878), isonym

= Aspidium aculeatum var. hastulatum (Ten.) Christ; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24(1): 113 (1897), isonym

= Aspidium aculeatum var. hastulatum (Ten.) Kunze; Flora 31: 366 (1848)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. microlobum Christ; Farnkr. Schweiz 1: 123 (1900)

= Aspidium aculeatum var. swartzianum W.D.J.Koch; 976 (1845)

= Aspidium angulare Kit. ex Willd.; Sp. Pl. ed. 4, 5: 257 (1810) (p. p.)

= Aspidium hastulatum Ten.; Atti Real Ist. Incoragg. Sci. Nat. Napoli 5: 149, tab. 4, fig. 7 (1830)

= Aspidium lobatum var. angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) Mett.; Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips.: 88 (1856)

= Dryopteris aculeata subsp. angularis (Kit. ex Willd.) Schinz & R.Keller; Fl. Suisse: 7 (1908)

= Dryopteris aculeata subsp. angularis (Kit. ex Willd.) Schinz & Thell.; Fl. Schweiz, ed. 3, 2: 3 (1914), isonym

= Dryopteris setifera (Forssk.) Woyn. ex Schinz & Thell.; Vierteljahrsschr. Naturf. Ges. Zürich 60: 340 (1915)

= Dryopteris setifera subsp. angularis (Kit. ex Willd.) Maire; Jahand. & Maire, Cat. Pl. Maroc. 3 (1931)

= Hypopeltis hastulata (Ten.) Tod.; Giorn. Sci. Nat. Econ. Palermo 1: 237 (1866)

= Polypodium angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) Fr.; Nov. Fl. Suec. Mant. Pl. 1: 20 (1832)

= Polypodium setiferum Forssk.; Fl. Aegypt.-Arab. 185 (1775)

= Polystichum aculeatum subsp. angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) Vollm.; Fl. Bayern: 9 (1914)

= Polystichum aculeatum subsp. setiferum (Forssk.) Nordh.; 12 (1940)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) Rupr.; Distr. Crypt. Vasc. Ross.: 38 (1845)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. angulare (Willd.) Döll; 21 (1843)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. angulare C.Presl ex Bedd.; Ferns South. India, t. 121 (1865)

= Polystichum angulare (Kit. ex Willd.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

= Polystichum angulare var. lineare J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 1: 293 (1860)

= Polystichum setiferum (Forssk.) Rosend.; Ark. för Bot. 14(14) 1 c. tab. (1916)

= Polystichum setiferum var. hastulatum (Ten.) Hayek; Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(1): 29 (1927)

species :

Polystichum setigerum (C.Presl) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Name: Alaska Sword Fern

Distribution: Aleutes (Attu Isl.); S-Alaska; C-Canada (British Columbia, Vancouver Isl.)

70 ASK 71 CDN

Conservation Status: IUCN E (Alaska), IUCN V (B. C.)

Synonyms: hidden

= Nephrodium setigerum C.Presl; Reliq. Haenk. 1. 37 (1825)

= Polystichum alaskense Maxon; Amer. Fern J. 8: 35 (1918)

= Polystichum braunii subsp. alaskense (Maxon) Calder & Roy L.Taylor; Canad. J. Bot. 43: 1388 (1965)

= Polystichum braunii var. alaskense (Maxon) Hultén; Acta Univ. Lund. 2, 37, no. 1: 31 (1941)

species :

Polystichum setillosum Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2: 188, t. 3 (1931) (setulosum?)

Distribution: China (W-Sichuan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum shandongense J.X.Li & Y.Wei; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 22(2): 164 (1984)

Distribution: China (Shandong)

36 CHI

Remarks: possibly conspecific with P. craspedosorum

species :

Polystichum shensiense Christ; Bull. Acad. Int. Géogr. Bot., sér. 3, 16: 113 (1906)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, S-Gansu, Shaanxi, W-Sichuan, W-Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Kurram, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Synonyms: hidden

= Dryopteris lichiangensis (C.H.Wright) C.Chr.; Index Filic., Suppl. (1906-1912): 34 (1913)

= Nephrodium lichiangense C.H.Wright; Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1909: 267 (1909)

= Polystichum ellipticum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 233 (1983)

= Polystichum frigidicola H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 17(1): 28 (1995) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum habaense Ching & H.S.Kung; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 4 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum lichiangense (C.H.Wright) Ching ex H.S.Kung; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 6 (1989)

= Polystichum macrochlaenum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizang. 1: 227 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum melanostipes Ching & H.S.Kung; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3)- 10 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum nigrum Ching & H.S.Kung; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 8 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum obtusipinnum Ching & H.S.Kung; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 6 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum prescottianum var. shensiense (Christ) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 70 (1924)

= Polystichum qamdoense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 227 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum qamdoense var. elongatum Ching & S.K.Wu; C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizangica 1: 228 (1983)

= Polystichum tibeticum Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 219 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum tumbatzense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 232 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

species :

Polystichum shimurae Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 139 (1979)

Distribution: China (Zhejiang); Japan

36 CHI 38 JAP

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Polystichum silvaticum (Colenso) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 192 (1899)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl.)

51 NZL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polypodium sylvaticum Colenso; Tasmanian J. Nat. Sci. 2: 163 (1844)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. sylvaticum Cheeseman; (1906)

species :

Polystichum simile (Ching ex Y.T.Hsieh) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 59 (2012)

Distribution: China (Guizhou, Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: possibly a synonym of P. tenuius

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtogonellum simile Ching ex Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 16 (1989)

species :

Polystichum sinense (Christ) Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mem. 1: 30 (1905)

Distribution: ?Rwanda; South Africa (Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, W-Cape Prov., E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho; China (Gansu, Hebei, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, W-Sichuan, Xinjiang, NW-Yunnan); Tibet; Taiwan; Pakistan (Swat, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Darjeeling)

27 LES SAF 36 CHI TIB 38 TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis. Nomenclature with priority of P. sinense over P. wilsonii as well as synonymy following Fraser-Jenkins (2008, 2018). All African records except South Africa are doubtful (Fraser-Jenkins 2018) and need to be reassessed.

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium prescottianum var. sinense Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 10: 289 (1901)

= Polystichum alatawshanicum C.Y.Yang; Fl. Xinjiangensis 1: 302 (1992 publ. 1993)

= Polystichum alticola Schelpe & N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 144 (1982) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008)

= Polystichum atuntzeense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 231 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)

= Polystichum austrotibeticum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 233 (1983)

= Polystichum decorum Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 229 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)

= Polystichum fukuyamae Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 6: 159 (1937)

= Polystichum gongboense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 228 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)

= Polystichum lhasaense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 230 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)

= Polystichum mediocre Ching & S.K.Wu; C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizangica 1: 235, t. 57, f. 1-4 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum mollissimum Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 232 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum mollissimum var. laciniatum H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(3): 250 (1998)

= Polystichum parasinense Chang Y.Yang; Fl. Xinjiangensis 1: 302 (1993)

= Polystichum prescottianum var. sinense Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1901: 289 (1901)

= Polystichum prescottianum var. wilsonii (Christ) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Bot. Gothoburg. 1: 71 (1924)

= Polystichum rarum Ching & S.K.Wu; C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizangica 1: 230, t. 56, f. 5-8 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2018)

= Polystichum sinense var. lobatum H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(3): 249 (1998)

= Polystichum wilsonii Christ; Bot. Gaz. 61: 353 (1911)

species :

Polystichum sinotsus-simense Ching & Z.Y.Liu; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 4(4): 18 (1984)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, C-Guizhou, W-Hunan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

species :

Polystichum sodiroi Christ; Ark. för Bot. 4(12): 4 (1905)

Distribution: Ecuador; ?Bolivia; etc.

83 ECU

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum. Valid species separate from P. orbiculatum / polyphyllum fide McHenry & Barrington (2014)

species :

Polystichum solomonii M.Kessler & A.R.Sm.; Brittonia 57(3): 220 (2005)

Distribution: Venezuela; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz, Santa Cruz)

82 VEN 83 BOL PER

species :

Polystichum speciosissimum (A.Braun ex Kunze) Copel.; Ann. Cryptog. Phytopathol. 5: 109 (1947)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi, Tlaxcala, Veracruz); Guatemala; Costa Rica; Panama

79 MEX 80 COS GUA PAN

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Cheilanthes scariosa M.Martens & Galeotti; Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Bruxelles 15: 74 (1842)

= Cheilanthes speciosissima A.Braun ex Kunze; Analecta Pteridogr. 35 (1837)

= Cheilanthes speciosissima var. elata Liebm.; Kongel. Danske Vidensk. Selsk. Skr., Naturvidensk. Math. Afd. (ser. 5) 1: 106 [reprint page] (1849)

= Phegopteris speciosissima (A.Braun ex Kunze) Mett.; Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges. 3, 1: 4 in nota (1859)

= Plecosorus mexicanus Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 151, t. 13 (1852)

= Plecosorus speciosissimus (A.Braun ex Kunze) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 40 (1857)

= Polystichum speciosissimum (A.Braun ex Kunze) R.M.Tryon & A.F.Tryon; Rhodora 83(833): 136 (1981)

species :

Polystichum speluncicola Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Syst. Bot. 35(1): 13 (2010)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum spongiosum Maxon; Amer. Fern J. 19: 47 (1929)

Distribution: Hispaniola (Haiti)

81 HIS

species :

Polystichum squarrosum (D.Don) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 278 (1852)

Distribution: China (SW-Sichuan); Tibet; Pakistan (Pakistani Punjab, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam State, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar (Chin, etc.)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Remarks: mostly treated as P. neolobatum in Fl. China fide Fraser-Jenkins (2008)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. rufibarbatum Wall. ex C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 509 (1880)

= Aspidium brachypterum Kunze; Linnaea 24: 288 (1851)

= Aspidium rufobarbatum Wall.; Numer. List no. 369 (1829), nomen

= Aspidium squarrosum D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 4 (1825)

= Hypopeltis squarrosa (D.Don) Bory; Bél., Voy. Indes Or., Bot. 2: 67 (1833)

= Polypodium squarrosum (D.Don) Roxb.; Calcutta J. Nat. Hist. 4: 494 (1844)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. rufibarbatum (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India: 207 (1883)

= Polystichum apicisterile Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 212 (1983)

= Polystichum brachypterum (Kunze) Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 209 (1983)

= Polystichum integripinnulum Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 210 (1983)

= Polystichum lobatum var. squarrosum (D.Don) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 583 (1906)

= Polystichum meiguense Ching & H.S.Kung; Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 9(4): 269 (1989) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

= Polystichum rufobarbatum (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) Schott; Gen. Fil. ad t. 9 (1834)

= Polystichum rufobarbatum (Wall. ex C.B.Clarke) Schott ex Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1902)

= Polystichum yigongense Ching & S.K.Wu; Fl. Xizangica 1: 210 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins et al. 2018)

species :

Polystichum stimulans (Kunze ex Mett.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India, t. 31 (1865)

Distribution: China (Yunnan, Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, ?West Bengal)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium ilicifolium D.Don; Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 3 (1825)

= Aspidium pungens Wall.; Numer. List no. 368 (1829), nomen

= Aspidium stimulans Kunze ex Mett.; Abh. Senckenberg. Naturf. Ges. 2: 327 (1858)

= Dryopteris ilicifolia (D.Don) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Polystichum ilicifolium (D.Don) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 94. 1858 (non Fée (1850))

= Polystichum stimulans (Kunze) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

species :

Polystichum stokesii E.D.Br.; Bull. Bernice P. Bishop Mus. 89 [Fl. S. E. Polynesia II]: 40, t. 5 (1931)

Distribution: Austral Isl. (Rapa Iti)

61 AUI

species :

Polystichum stuebelii Hieron.; Hedwigia 46: 355, t. 8, f. 21 (1906)

Distribution: Colombia; Ecuador; Peru; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

82 CLM 83 BOL ECU PER

species :

Polystichum subacutidens Ching ex L.L.Xiang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32: 261 (1994)

Distribution: China (S-Guizhou, NW-Guangxi, SE-Yunnan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum deltodon var. cultratum Christ

species :

Polystichum subapiciflorum Hayata; Icon. Pl. Formosan. 6: 335, f. 140 (1915)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Macropolystichum. Separate from P. biaristatum fide Wan et al. 2023

species :

Polystichum subdeltodon Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 2, 1: 308 (1949)

Distribution: China (Chongqing)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum grossidentatum Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 6: t. 239 (1958)

species :

Polystichum subfimbriatum W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 36(4): 382, pl. 1: 1-6 (1998)

Distribution: China (NE-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Subfimbriata

species :

Polystichum subinerme (Kunze) Fraser-Jenk.; Perspect. Pterid. 265 (1991), et in Himalayan Ferns (Guide to Polystichum) 23 (1997)

Distribution: S-India (Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka)

40 IND

Conservation Status: IUCN EN for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium subinerme Kunze; Linnaea 24: 290 (1851)

= Polystichum kunthianum B.K.Nayar & Geev.; Fern Fl. Malabar: 214 (1993)

species :

Polystichum subintegerrimum (Hook. & Arn.) R.Rodr.; Gayana, Bot. 44(1-4): 48 (1987 publ. 1988)

Distribution: Chile (Ñuble, Biobío, Araucanía, Los Rios, Los Lagos, Aisén, Magallanes)

85 CLE

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium brongniartianum (J.Rémy) J.W.Sturm; Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg 2: 181 (1858)

= Aspidium subintegerrimum Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beech. Voy. 52 (1832)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. brongniartianum (J.Rémy) C.Chr.

= Polystichum aculeatum var. subintegerrimum (Hook. & Arn.) C.Chr.

= Polystichum brongniartianum J.Rémy ex Gay; Fl. Chil. 6: 518 (1853)

= Polystichum subintegerrimum (Hook. & Arn.) Barrington; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76(2): 373 (1989), isonym

species :

Polystichum sublanceolatum R.H.Jiang & X.C.Zhang; Turczaninowia 25(2): 87-88 (2022)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum submarginale (Baker) L.L.Xiang ex Ching; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(3): 263 (1994)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Haplopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium auriculatum var. submarginale Baker; J. Bot. 26: 26(7): 227 (1888)

= Polystichum deltodon var. submarginale (Baker) C.Chr.; Acta Hort. Gothob. 1: 67 (1924)

species :

Polystichum submite (Christ) Diels; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 29: 192 (1900)

Distribution: China (Gansu, Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium submite Christ; Nuovo Giorn. bot. It. n. s. 4: 93 (1897)

= Polystichum paradoxum Ching & Y.P.Hsu; Fl. Tsinling. 2: 224 (1974)

species :

Polystichum submucronatum (Christ) Morejón & C.Sánchez; Willdenowia 43(2): 328 (2013)

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica

81 CUB JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium triangulum var. submucronatum Christ; Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 24: 111 (1897)

= Polystichum woodsioides Mickel; Johns, Holttum Mem. Vol. 142 (1997), nom. illeg., non Christ 1911

species :

Polystichum subobliquum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 4: 138 (1935)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: separate from P. obliquum fide Wan et al. 2023

species :

Polystichum subulatum Ching ex Li Bing Zhang; Acta Bot. Yunnan. 16(2): 133 (1994)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum suiyangense Bo Wang, Q.W.Sun & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 567(1): 94 (2022)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum sunhangii Liang Zhang, Yong L.Qiu & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 618(1): 21 (2023)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Polystichum superum Li Bing Zhang, M.Q.Han & Yan Liu; Phytotaxa 365(2): 164 (2018)

Distribution: China (Yunnan)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum tagawanum Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 7: 41 (1958)

Distribution: South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan

38 JAP KOR

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis II

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum pseudomakinoi var. ambiguum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 5: 258 (1936)

species :

Polystichum taizhongense H.S.Kung; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 35(5): 461, f. 1 (1997)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

species :

Polystichum takakii Nakaike; Bot. Exped. Papua New Guinea, Nation. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo) 111 (1975)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum talamancanum Barrington; Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 76: 369 (1989)

Distribution: Costa Rica; Panama

80 COS PAN

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Polystichum

species :

Polystichum tangmaiense H.S.Kung & Tateishi; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 32(3): 268 (1994)

Distribution: SW-China (Yunnan); Tibet (Bomi); India (Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Mizoram)

36 CHI TIB 40 IND

Conservation Status: IUCN VU for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum oligocarpum Ching ex H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Li Bing Zhang & H. S. Kung (1995) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 2008, 2018)

species :

Polystichum tenuius (Ching) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 59 (2012)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; N-Vietnam

36 CHI 38 TAI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Cyrtogonellum. New record for Taiwan see Hsu (2014)

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtogonellum caducum Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 330, t. 7(3) (1938)

= Cyrtogonellum falcilobum Ching ex Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 17 (1989)

= Cyrtogonellum salicifolium Ching & Y.T.Hsieh; Bull. Bot. Res., Harbin 9(3): 16 (1989)

= Cyrtogonellum tenuius Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 329, t. 7(2) (1938)

species :

Polystichum tetragonum Fée; Mém. Foug. 8 (Icon. Esp. Nouv.): 99 (1857)

Distribution: Juan Fdz. Isl.

85 JNF

Conservation Status: IUCN V

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium tetragonum (Fée) J.W.Sturm; Abh. Naturhist. Ges. Nürnberg 2: ? (1858), nom. illeg.

species :

Polystichum thomsonii (Hook.f.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 1: t. 126 (1865)

Distribution: E-Afghanistan; China (Chongqing, Guizhou, Hubei, Yunnan, Sichuan); E-Tibet; Japan (Honshu); Taiwan; Pakistan (Swat, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 38 JAP TAI 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Micropolystichum. P. capillipes is sometimes kept separate (in Taiwan, for example)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium capillipes Baker; J. Bot. 26: 228 (1888)

= Aspidium thomsonii Hook.f.; Hook., 2nd Cent., t. 25 (1860)

= Aspidium thomsonii var. gracile C.B.Clarke; Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 1: 508 (1880)

= Dryopteris gracilis (T.Moore ex Bedd.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 455 (1938) (non (Heward) Domin, nec Copel.)

= Dryopteris inaensis Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 3: 90 (1934)

= Dryopteris thomsonii (Hook.f.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 813 (1891)

= Hemesteum michelii (Christ) H.Lév.; Flore du Kouy-tcheou 497-498 (1915)

= Lastrea gracilis T.Moore ex Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India, t. 198 (1866)

= Nephrodium sparsum var. gracile (T.Moore ex Bedd.) Baker; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. ed. 2: 498 (1874)

= Polystichum capillipes (Baker) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 191 (1899)

= Polystichum inaense (Tagawa) Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 14: 709 (1938)

= Polystichum longidens Ching & S.K.Wu; C. Y. Wu, Fl. Xizangica 1: 217 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum michelii Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 16 (1910)

= Polystichum minusculum Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. France 52, Mem. 1: 31 (1905)

= Polystichum molliculum Christ; Bot. Gaz. 61: 354 (1911)

= Polystichum silaense Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 11: 71 (1941)

= Polystichum thomsonii var. gracile Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India 207 (1883)

species :

Polystichum tiandengense H.He & Li Bing Zhang; Novon 25(2): 153 (2017)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum tiankengicola Li Bing Zhang, Q.Luo & P.S.Wang; Novon 22(2): 186 (2012)

Distribution: China (NW-Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum tonkinense (Christ) W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 169, pl. 48: 1, 2 (2001)

Distribution: China (Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan); N-Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Sphaenopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. tonkinense Christ; Bull. Sci. France et Belg. 28: 268, pl. 12: 6 (1898)

species :

Polystichum tortuosum Nakaike; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 2(3): 102 (1976)

Distribution: New Guinea (Papua New Guinea)

42 NWG

species :

Polystichum transkeiense W.Jacobsen; J. S. Afr. Bot. 44(2): 169 (1978)

Distribution: South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.)

27 SAF

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Afra clade

species :

Polystichum transvaalense N.C.Anthony; Contr. Bolus Herb. 10: 146 (1982)

Distribution: Cameroon; Bioko Isl. [Fernando Poo]; D.R.Congo [Zaire]; Rwanda; South Sudan; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Uganda; Kenya; Tanzania; Zambia; Malawi; E-Zimbabwe; Mozambique; South Africa (Limpopo, Mpulamanga, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, E-Cape Prov.); Lesotho

23 BIO CMN RWA ZAI 24 ERI ETH SSU 25 KEN TAN UGA 26 MLW MOZ ZAM ZIM 27 LES SAF

species :

Polystichum trapezoides (Sw.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid.: 83 (1836)

Distribution: Cuba; Jamaica; Hispaniola (Haiti, Dominican Republic)

81 CUB HIS JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Polypodium trapezoides (C.Presl) Sw.; Fl. Ind. occ. 3: 1647 (1860)

= Polystichum falcatum Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 [Gen. Filic.] 279 (1852)

= Polystichum killipii Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24: 53, t. 20 (1922)

species :

Polystichum trapezoideum (Ching & K.H.Shing ex K.H.Shing) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 59 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan, Guangdong)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomium trapezoideum Ching & K.H.Shing; Shing, Acta Phytotax. Sin. Addit. 1: 15 (1965)

species :

Polystichum triangulum (L.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 5 (Gen. Filic.): 279 (1852)

species :

Polystichum tridens (Hook.) Fée; Mém. Foug. 11 (Hist. Foug. Antil.): 74 (1866)

Distribution: Jamaica; Hispaniola (Dominican Republic)

81 HIS JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium triangulum var. tridens (T.Moore ex Hook.) Griseb.; Fl. Brit. W. I. [Grisebach] 689 (1864)

= Aspidium tridens T.Moore ex Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 15 (1862)

= Dryopteris tridens (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 814 (1891)

species :

Polystichum tripteron (Kunze) C.Presl; Abh. Königl. Böhm. Ges. Wiss., ser. 5, 6: 55 (1851)

Distribution: Russian Far East (Kuril Isl., Primorye, Sakhalin); China (Anhui, Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Zhejiang); North Korea; South Korea (incl. Cheju Isl.); Japan (Tsushima Isl.)

31 RFE 36 CHI 38 JAP KOR NKO

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Crucifilix

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium tripteris D.C.Eaton; Narr. Exped. China Japan [Perry] 2. 330 (1856)

= Aspidium tripteron Kunze; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 569 (1848)

= Dryopteris tripteros (Kunze) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 814 (1891)

= Polystichum subbipinnatum Kodama ex Nakai; Rep. Veg. Ooryongto 14: 1919, nom. nud.

= Polystichum subtripteron Tzvelev; Novosti Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 26: 7 (1989)

= Polystichum tripteron f. subbipinnatum H.Itô; J. Jap. Bot. 11: 428 (1935)

= Polystichum tripteron var. subpinnatum (H.Itô) Honda; Nom. Pl. Jap., Emend.: 15 (1957)

= Ptilopteris tripteros (Kunze) Hayata; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 41: 706 (1927)

= Ptilopteris tripteros var. subpinnata (Kodama) Nakai; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 31 (1952)

species :

Polystichum tsaratananense Tardieu; Mém. Inst. Sci. Madagascar, ser. B, 7: 44 (1956)

Distribution: Madagascar

29 MDG

species :

Polystichum turrialbae Christ; Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér, 2, 6: 163 (1906)

Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Ciudad de Mexico, Hidalgo, Mexico State, Michoacan, Oaxaca, Veracruz); El Salvador; Costa Rica; Panama; Bolivia (Cochabamba, La Paz)

79 MEX 80 COS ELS PAN 83 BOL

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum smithii Mickel & Beitel; Pterid. Fl. Oaxaca (Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 46): 315 (1988)

species :

Polystichum uahukaense Lorence & W.L.Wagner; PhytoKeys 4: 25 (2011)

Distribution: Marquesas Isl. (Ua Huka)

61 MRQ

species :

Polystichum underwoodii Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 13: 38, t. 9 (1909), nom. nov.

Distribution: Jamaica

81 JAM

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium triangulum subsp. latipinnum (Jenman) Jenman; Ferns Brit. W. Ind. 198 (1907)

= Aspidium triangulum var. latipinnum Jenman; J. Bot. 17: 260 (1879)

= Aspidium viviparum subsp. latipinnum (Jenman) Jenman; Bull. Bot. Dept. Jamaica 2: 269 (1895)

species :

Polystichum unicum Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & Liang Zhang; Phytotaxa 607(1): 87 (2023)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Polystichum uniseriale (Ching ex K.H.Shing) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 59 (2012)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Sichuan)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtomium uniseriale Ching; K. H. Shing, Acta Phytotax. Sin. Addit. 1: 15 (1965)

= Cyrtomium uniseriale f. marginale Ching; K. H. Shing, Acta Phytotax. Sin. Addit. 1: 16 (1965)

species :

Polystichum venosum R.H.Jiang & X.C.Zhang; Turczaninowia 25(2): 89-90 (2022)

Distribution: China (Guangxi)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum vestitum (G.Forst.) C.Presl; Tent. Pterid. 83 (1836)

Name: Prickly shield fern, Punui (Maori)

Distribution: New Zealand (North Isl., South Isl., Stewart Isl.); Snares Isl.; Chatham Isl.; Antipodes Isl.; Auckland Isl.; Macquarie Isl.; Campbell Isl.

51 ATP AUC CTM NZL 91 CMP MAQ

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium aculeatum var. vestitum (Sw.) Hook.f.; Handb. N. Zeal. Fl.: 375 (1867)

= Aspidium asterolepis Trevis.; Hedwigia 13: 145 (1874)

= Aspidium perelegans Colenso; Trans. & Proc. New Zealand Inst. 29. 416 (1897)

= Aspidium pulcherrimum Colenso; Tasm. J. 2 (1845)

= Aspidium tasmaniae Mett.; Fil. Hort. Bot. Lips. 88 (1856)

= Aspidium venustum Hook.f.; Fl. Antarct. 1: 106 (1844)

= Aspidium vestitum (G.Forst.) Sw.; J. Bot. (Schrader) 1800(2): 37 (1801)

= Aspidium waikarense Colenso; Tasmanian J. Nat. Sci. 2: 168 (1845)

= Polypodium vestitum G.Forst.; Fl. Ins. Austr. 82 (1786)

= Polystichum aculeatum var. vestitum (G.Forst.) Rupr.; Distr. Crypt. Vasc. Ross.: 39 (1945)

= Polystichum perelegans (Colenso) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 87 (1905), 586 (1906)

= Polystichum venustum (Hook.) Hombr. & Jacquinot; Voy. au Pole sud, t. 5 (1852)

= Polystichum vestitum var. venustum J.Dix; Proc. Roy. Hort. Soc. London 1: 568 (1861)

species :

Polystichum volkensii (Hieron.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 97 (1905), 586 (1906)

Distribution: Kenya; Tanzania

25 KEN TAN

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium volkensii Hieron.; Engl., Pflanzenw. Ost-Afrikas C: 86 (1895)

= Polystichum barbatum C.Chr.; Notizbl. bot. Gart. Berlin 9: 178 (1924)

species :

Polystichum vulcanicum (Blume) T.Moore; Index Filic. (T. Moore) 108 (1858)

Distribution: Java

42 JAW

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium vulcanicum Blume; Enum. Pl. Javae 2: 163 (1828)

species :

Polystichum walkerae (Hook.) Sledge; Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) Bot. 5: 29 (1973)

Distribution: Sri Lanka

40 SRL

Synonyms: hidden

= Arachniodes bipinnata (Bedd.) B.K.Nayar & Kaur; Comp. to Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. India 56 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Arachniodes macrocarpa (Bedd.) B.K.Nayar & Kaur; Comp. to Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. India 56 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Arachniodes pinnatifida (Bedd.) B.K.Nayar & Kaur; Comp. to Bedd. Handb. Ferns Brit. India56 (1974) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Arachniodes walkerae (Hook.) Ching; Acta Bot. Sin. 10: 260 (1962)

= Dryopteris walkerae (Hook.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 814 (1891)

= Lastrea walkerae (Hook.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India Correct. 11 (1870)

= Lastrea walkerae var. bipinnata Bedd.; Handb. Ferns brit. India, 234 (1883)

= Lastrea walkerae var. macrocarpa Bedd.; Handb. Ferns brit. India, 233 (1883)

= Lastrea walkerae var. pinnatifida Bedd.; Handb. Ferns brit. India, 233 (1883)

= Nephrodium walkerae (Hook.) Baker; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. ed. 2: 493 (1874)

= Phegopteris walkerae (Hook.) J.Sm.; Ferns Brit. For. 169 (1866)

= Polypodium walkerae Hook.; Sp. Fil. 4: 233 (1862)

= Polypodium walkerae var. bipinnatum Bedd.; Ferns S. India 78, t. 235 (1864)

= Polypodium walkerae var. macrocarpum Bedd.; Ferns S. India 78, t. 235 (1864)

= Polypodium walkerae var. pinnatifidum Bedd.; Ferns S. India 78, t. 235 (1864)

= Rumohra walkerae (Hook.) Ching; Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol. Bot. 8: 496 (1938)

species :

Polystichum wattii (Bedd.) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 98 (1905), 589 (1906)

Distribution: China (Yunnan); Tibet; NE-India (Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh); Myanmar; Vietnam

36 CHI TIB 40 IND 41 MYA VIE

Conservation Status: IUCN VU for India (Fraser-Jenkins 2012)

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium wattii Bedd.; J. Bot. 26: 234 (1888)

= Lastreopsis wattii (Bedd.) Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 22: 163 (1949)

= Lastrea wattii (Bedd.) Bedd.; Handb. Ferns Brit. India, Suppl. 49 (1892)

species :

Polystichum wawranum (Szyszyl.) Perrie; New Zealand J. Bot. 41(2): 204 (2003)

Name: Black Shield Fern, Shore Shield Fern

Distribution: New Zealand; Chatham Isl.

51 CTM NZL

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Australasian clade

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium wawranum Szyszyl.; Wawra, Itin. Princ. S. Coburgi: 126 (1888), as ´wawraeanum´

species :

Polystichum weimingii Li Bing Zhang & H.He; Syst. Bot. 13 (2009)

Distribution: China (S-Yunnan); ?Myanmar; ?Laos; ?N-Vietnam

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Hypopeltis III

species :

Polystichum whiteleggei Watts; Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 39: 257-262 (1914)

Distribution: Lord Howe Isl.

50 LHI

Conservation Status: IUCN R

species :

Polystichum wilesianum Proctor; Brit. Fern Gaz. 10: 24, t. 3 (1968)

Distribution: Jamaica; Hispaniola

81 HIS JAM

species :

Polystichum woodsioides Christ; Bot. Gaz. 61: 354 (1911)

Distribution: China (Sichuan); Tibet; Nepal; Bhutan; India (Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, ?Uttarakhand); Myanmar (Kachin, etc.)

36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP 41 MYA

Remarks: bona sp. fide Fraser-Jenkins (2008 and 2015), not a synonym of P. prescottianum. Called P. moupinense in Fl. of China

species :

Polystichum woronowii Fomin; Moniteur Jard. Bot. Tiflis, livr. 18: 21 (1911)

Distribution: Georgia [Caucasus]; Azerbaijan (Talysh); Turkey (NE-Anatolia); NW-Iran

33 AZE GEO 34 IRN TUR

species :

Polystichum wrightii (Baker) C.Chr. ex Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 16: 50 (1912)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Remarks: known only from two collections

Synonyms: hidden

= Dryopteris sauvallei C.Chr.; Index Filic. 291 (1905)

= Nephrodium wrightii (Baker) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 168 (1899)

= Polypodium wrightii Baker; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil. 304 (1867)

= Polystichum longipes Maxon; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 34, t. 6 (1909)

species :

Polystichum wulingshanense S.F.Wu; Keys Vasc. Pl. Wuling Mount. (ed. W. T. Wang et al.): 568 (1995)

Distribution: China (NW-Hunan, W-Hubei)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum wusugongii Liang Zhang, X.M.Zhou & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 618(1): 22 (2023)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Polystichum xichouense (S.K.Wu & Mitsuta) Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 59 (2012)

Distribution: China (SE-Yunnan); Vietnam

36 CHI 41 VIE

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Cyrtogonellum

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtogonellum xichouense S.K.Wu & Mitsuta; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 36(1-3): 25 (1985)

species :

Polystichum xinfeniae Liang Zhang, W.B.Ju & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 618(1): 24 (2023)

Distribution: Tibet

36 TIB

species :

Polystichum xiphophyllum (Baker) Diels; Engl. & Prantl, Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(4): 189 (1906)

Distribution: China (Chongqing, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan); Taiwan; peninsular Malaysia

36 CHI 38 TAI 42 MLY

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, sect. Xiphopolystichum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium monotis Christ; Bull. Soc. Bot. Ital. 1901: 294 (1901)

= Aspidium xiphophyllum Baker; J. Bot. 26: 227 (1888)

= Polystichum gladiipinnum Tagawa; Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 9: 91 (1940)

= Polystichum monotis (Christ) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 83 (1905), 584 (1906)

= Polystichum praelongum Christ; Bull. Acad. Géogr. Bot. Mans 260 (1902)

= Polystichum pseudoxiphophyllum Ching ex H.S.Kung; Chin. J. Appl. Environ. Biol. 3(2): 135, pl. 1: 2, 3 (1997) (fide Knapp (Ferns of Taiwan), kept separate by Flora of China)

= Polystichum xiphophyllum f. bipinnatum Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 5: 244: 7 (1959)

species :

Polystichum xuansonense Li Bing Zhang, N.T.Lu & Liang Zhang; Phytotaxa 607(1): 89 (2023)

Distribution: Vietnam

41 VIE

species :

Polystichum yaanense Liang Zhang & Li Bing Zhang; Novon 22(2): 244 (2012)

Distribution: China (Sichuan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Platylepia

species :

Polystichum yaeyamense (Makino) Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 144 (1909)

Distribution: South Korea (Cheju Isl.); Ryukyu Isl. (Okinawa Isl., Iriomote)

38 KOR NNS

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Crucifilix

Conservation Status: IUCN R

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium yaeyamense Makino; Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 11: 18 (1897)

= Dryopteris yaeyamensis (Makino) C.Chr.; Index Filic. 301 (1905)

species :

Polystichum yifanii Li Bing Zhang & Kropf; Phytotaxa 404(6): 227 (2019)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum yuanum Ching; Icon. Filic. Sin. 5: t. 235 (1958)

Distribution: China (NW-Yunnan)

36 CHI

Remarks: subgen. Haplopolystichum, sect. Haplopolystichum

species :

Polystichum yunnanense Christ; Notul. Syst. (Paris) 1: 34 (1909)

Distribution: Afghanistan; China (W-Guizhou, SW-Sichuan, Yunnan); Tibet; Pakistan (Swat, Chitral, Pakistani Punjab, Hazara); Nepal; Bhutan; N-India (Jammu & Kashmir, Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, West Bengal); Myanmar

34 AFG 36 CHI TIB 40 BHU IND NEP PAK 41 MYA

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum gyirongense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 238 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

= Polystichum huae H.S.Kung & Li Bing Zhang; Acta Phytotax. Sin. 33(3): 311 (1995)

= Polystichum jizhushanense Ching; Fl. Xizangica 1: 238 (1983) (fide Fraser-Jenkins 1997)

species :

Polystichum zambesiacum Schelpe; Bol. Soc. Broter. Ser. 2, 41: 215 (1967)

Distribution: Tanzania; Malawi; Zimbabwe; Mozambique

25 TAN 26 MLW MOZ ZIM

species :

Polystichum zayuense W.M.Chu & Z.R.He; Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 5(2): 228, pl. 45: 5, 6 (2001)

Distribution: Tibet (Zayu); Nepal

36 TIB 40 NEP

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum thomsonii f. himalaicum Kholia; Ferns Fern-Allies Sikkim 2: 85 (2014)

species :

Polystichum zhijinense Li Bing Zhang, Yi F.Duan & Kropf; Phytotaxa 331(1): 124 (2017)

Distribution: China (Guizhou)

36 CHI

species :

Polystichum ×amboversum Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 36 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum ovatopaleaceum x retrorsopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×anceps Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 32 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum longifrons x polyblepharum

species :

Polystichum ×arendsii (F.Wirtg. ex Christ) R.Thiemann ex S.Piller; Amer. Fern J. 110(1): 48 (2020)

Distribution: Germany [c]

11 ger

Remarks: P. aculeatum x P. munitum; formed spontaneously in cultivation in Germany

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium ×arendsii F.Wirtg. ex Christ; Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 12: 4 (1906)

species :

Polystichum ×bicknellii (Christ) Hahne; Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. 10: 103 (1904)

Distribution: England; Scotland; Wales; Ireland; Luxembourg; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland); Channel Isl.; European Russia; etc.

10 GRB IRE 11 GER LUX 12 CIS 14 RUS

Remarks: Polystichum aculeatum x setiferum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium ×bicknellii Christ; Burnat, Mater. Fl. Alpes Marit.: 20 (1900)

= Polystichum stansfieldii Druce; nom. nud.

species :

Polystichum ×dycei Sleep; Pteridologist 3(3): 52 (1998)

Distribution: Great Britain

10 GRB

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x P. proliferum

species :

Polystichum ×flemingii Fraser-Jenk.; Aspects Plant Sci. 13: 277 (1991)

Distribution: Nepal; India (Jammu & Kashmir, Uttarakhand, West Bengal)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Polystichum discretum x yunnanense

species :

Polystichum ×fominii Askerov & A.E.Bobrov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57: 1298 (1972)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Polystichum aculeatum x woronowii

species :

Polystichum ×fujisanense Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 45: 263 (1970)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x ohmurae

species :

Polystichum ×gemmilachenense Miyam. & T.Nakam.; J. Jap. Bot. 58(5): 149 (1983)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: subgen. Polystichum, Sect. Sorolepidium. Polystichum lachenense x pseudostenophyllum

species :

Polystichum ×hagenahii Cody; Amer. Fern J. 58: 30 (1968)

Distribution: Canada (Ontario); USA (New York, Pennsylvania)

72 CDN 75 USA

Remarks: Polystichum acrostichoides x Polystichum lonchitis

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum ×marginale (V.R.McColl) Cody

species :

Polystichum ×hakonense Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 9: 99 (1961)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum longifrons x P. pseudomakinoi

species :

Polystichum ×hitoyoshiense Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 15: 47 (1969)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum otomasui x pseudomakinoi

species :

Polystichum ×hokurikuense Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 39 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum longifrons x retrosopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×ida-klodeae R.Thiemann; Pteridologist 7(1): 33 (2020), no type cited

Distribution: E-Asia

Remarks: Polystichum atkinsonii x P. proliferum

species :

Polystichum ×iidanum Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 33 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum longifrons x makinoi

species :

Polystichum ×illyricum (Borbás) Hahne; Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. 10: 103 (1904)

Distribution: Scotland; Sweden; Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Bayern); Austria; Andorra; Slovakia; Croatia; Montenegro; European Russia

10 GRB SWE 11 AUT GER SLO 12 ADO 13 CRO MNT 14 RUS

Remarks: Polystichum aculeatum x lonchitis

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium murbeckii Raimann; Wiener Ill. Gart.-Zeitung 16: 417 (1891)

= Aspidium ×illyricum Borbás; Österr. Bot. Zeitung 41: 354 (1891)

= Dryopteris illyrica (Borbás) Beck; Österr. Bot. Zeitung 67: 113 (1918)

= Polystichum ×eberlei D.E.Mey.; Nova Hedwigia 1: 107 (1959)

species :

Polystichum ×inadae Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 11: 6 (1962)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum polyblepharon x P. retrosopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×inayatii Fraser-Jenk.; Aspects Plant Sci. 13: 277 (1991)

Distribution: Pakistan (Hazara); Nepal

40 NEP PAK

Remarks: Polystichum piceopaleaceum x yunnanense

species :

Polystichum ×izuense Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 7: 42 (1958)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum makinoi x tagawanum

species :

Polystichum ×jitaroi Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 33 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum fibrillosopaleaceum x P. pseudomakinoi

species :

Polystichum ×kai-montanum Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 143 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum ohmurae x ovatopaleaceum var. coraiense

species :

Polystichum ×kasayamense Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 15: 47 (1969)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x polyblepharum

species :

Polystichum ×kiyozumianum Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 9: 99 (1961)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum pseudomakinoi x tagawanum

species :

Polystichum ×kumamontanum Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 12: 68 (1963)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum otomasui x polyblepharum

species :

Polystichum ×kunioi Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 15: 48 (1969)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x makinoi

species :

Polystichum ×kuratae Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 143 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum polyblepharum x pseudomakinoi

species :

Polystichum ×kurokawae Tagawa; J. Jap. Bot. 26: 20 (1951)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum makinoi x P. ovatopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×lesliei Rumsey & Acock; Fern Gaz. 16(5): 247 (2001 publ. 2002)

Distribution: England (Surrey, Cornwall)

10 GRB

Remarks: Polystichum munitum x setiferum

species :

Polystichum ×lonchitiforme (Halácsy) Bech.; Boll. Soc. Ticin. Sci. Nat. 36: 17 (1941)

Distribution: Ireland; Spain

10 IRE 12 SPA

Remarks: Polystichum lonchitis x setiferum

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium ×lonchitiforme Halácsy; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. 54: 120-129 (1904)

species :

Polystichum ×luerssenii (Dörfl.) Hahne; Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. 10: 103 (1904)

Distribution: Germany (Baden-Württemberg, Hessen); Czech Republic; Slovakia; European Russia; Northern Caucasus

11 CZE GER SLO 14 RUS 33 NCS

Remarks: Polystichum aculeatum x braunii

Synonyms: hidden

= Aspidium lobatiforme Waisb.; Österr. Bot. Zeitung 49: 65 (1899)

= Aspidium luerssenii Dörfl.; Österr. Bot. Zeitung 40: 227 (1890)

species :

Polystichum ×machaerophyllum Sloss.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 40: 688, t. 26, f. 4-5 (1913)

Distribution: Cuba

81 CUB

Remarks: Polystichum echinatum x P. ilicifolium

species :

Polystichum ×maderense Johnson; Ann. Nat. Hist. III, 17: 287 (1866)

Distribution: Madeira (Madeira Isl.)

21 MDR

Remarks: Polystichum falcinellum x Polystichum setiferum

species :

Polystichum ×mashikoi Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 7: 116 (1958)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum polyblepharon x P. tagawanum

species :

Polystichum ×meyeri Sleep & Reichst.; Bauhinia 3: 303, f. 7, 13, 15, 17 (1967)

Distribution: Europe; Austria; European Russia

11 AUT 14 RUS

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x lonchitis

species :

Polystichum ×microlepis Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 37 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum makinoi x retrosopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×midoriense t.Oka & Ohtani; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 27: 57 (1980)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum fibrillosopaleaceum x ovatopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×minamitanii Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 141 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum makinoi x otomasui

species :

Polystichum ×miuranum Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 15: 46 (1969)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum fimbrillosopaleaceum x polyblepharum

species :

Polystichum ×mucrolentum Fraser-Jenk.; Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 2: 352 (2018)

Distribution: India (Meghalaya)

40 IND

Remarks: Polystichum lentum x mucronifolium

species :

Polystichum ×namegatae Sa.Kurata; Hokuriku J. Bot. 6: 113 (1957)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum makinoi x pseudomakinoi

species :

Polystichum ×ohtanii Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 15: 46 (1969)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum fimbrillosopaleaceum x longifrons

species :

Polystichum ×okanum Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 8: 16 (1959)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum retrosopaleaceum x tagawanum

species :

Polystichum ×ongataense Sa.Kurata; Hokuriku J. Bot. 6: 114 (1957)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum ovatopaleaceum x P. pseudomakinoi

species :

Polystichum ×phulchowkiense Fraser-Jenk.; Annot. Checkl. Ind. Pterid. 2: 352 (2018)

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

Remarks: Polystichum mucronifolium x yunnanense

species :

Polystichum ×potteri Barrington; Rhodora 88(855): 298 (1986)

Distribution: Canada (New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Québec); USA (Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont)

72 CDN 75 USA

Remarks: Polystichum acrostichoides x Polystichum braunii

species :

Polystichum ×pseudobraunii Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 337 (2008)

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

Remarks: Polystichum piceopaleaceum x sinense

species :

Polystichum ×pseudocraspedosorum Seriz.; Shidekobushi 1(2): 94 (2009)

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum capillipes x P. craspedosorum

species :

Polystichum ×pseudolentum Fraser-Jenk.; Taxon. Revis. Indian Subcontinental Pteridophytes 420 (2008)

Distribution: India (Meghalaya)

40 IND

Remarks: Polystichum lentum x pseudotsus-simense

species :

Polystichum ×pseudoovatopaleaceum Akasawa; Bull. Kochi Women´s Univ., Ser. Nat. Sci. 27: 2 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: P. ovatopaleaceum x P. tagawanum

species :

Polystichum ×pseudoparvipinnulum Miyam. & T.Nakam.; J. Jap. Bot. 58(5): 146 (1983)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Polystichum parvipinnulum x piceopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×pseudosemifertile Nakaike & Gurung; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 14(3): 81 (1988)

Distribution: Nepal; India (West Bengal)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Polystichum lentum x semifertile

species :

Polystichum ×rupestre P.S.Wang & Li Bing Zhang; Phytotaxa 60: 58 (2012)

Distribution: China (C-Guizhou)

36 CHI

Synonyms: hidden

= Cyrtogonellum ×rupicola P.S.Wang & X.Y.Wang; Pterid. Fl. Guizhou 242, f. 61: 2 (2001)

species :

Polystichum ×safarovii Askerov & A.E.Bobrov; Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 57: 1298 (1972)

Distribution: Northern Caucasus

33 NCS

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x woronowii (or P. setiferum)

species :

Polystichum ×saltum J.P.Roux; Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 124(4): 376 (1997)

Distribution: South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal)

27 SAF

Remarks: Polystichum sinense x transvaalense

species :

Polystichum ×sarukurense Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 144 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x microchlamys var. azumiense

species :

Polystichum ×semiyunnanense Fraser-Jenk. & Kandel; Ferns Fern-Allies Nepal 2: 323 (2019)

Distribution: Nepal

40 NEP

Remarks: Polystichum semifertile x P. yunnanense

species :

Polystichum ×shin-tashiroi Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 11: 38 (1962)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum microchlamys x retrosopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×shizuokaense Nakaike; New Fl. Japan, Pterid. 842 (1999), nom. nov.

Distribution: Japan (Honshu)

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum fibrillosopaleaceum x P. igaense

Conservation Status: CR in Japan

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum fibrillosopaleaceum var. marginale Seriz.; (1971)

species :

Polystichum ×silviamontanum Miyam. & T.Nakam.; J. Jap. Bot. 58(5): 147 (1983)

Distribution: Taiwan

38 TAI

Remarks: Polystichum piceopaleaceum x wilsonii

species :

Polystichum ×stewartii Fraser-Jenk.; Aspects Plant Sci. 13: 276 (1991)

Distribution: Pakistan (Swat)

40 PAK

Remarks: Polystichum lonchitis x yunnanense

species :

Polystichum ×suginoi Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 12: 68 (1963)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum otomasui x tagawanum

species :

Polystichum ×suyamanum Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 142 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum igaense x longifrons

species :

Polystichum ×takaosanense Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 8: 17 (1959)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum longifrons x P. ovatopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×tare-bhirense Nakaike & Gurung; Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. (Tokyo), B 14(3): 83 (1988)

Distribution: Nepal; NW-India (Jammu & Kashmir)

40 IND NEP

Remarks: Polystichum squarrosum x yunnanense

species :

Polystichum ×tetsuyamense Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 141 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum otomasui x ovato-paleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×titibuense Sa.Kurata; J. Geobot. 12: 68 (1963)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x P. ovatopaleaceum

species :

Polystichum ×tokyoense Sa.Kurata ex Seriz.; J. Jap. Bot. 54(5): 140 (1979)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum ovatopaleaceum x shimurae

species :

Polystichum ×utsumii (Sa.Kurata) Sa.Kurata; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 10: 37 (1964)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum pseudomakinoi x retrosopaleaceum

Synonyms: hidden

= Polystichum ×ongataense var. utsumii Sa.Kurata

species :

Polystichum ×wirtgenii Hahne; Allg. Bot. Zeitschr. 10: 103 (1904)

Distribution: C-Europe; Croatia; European Russia; Northern Caucasus; etc.

13 CRO 14 RUS 33 NCS

Remarks: Polystichum braunii x setiferum

species :

Polystichum ×yokohamense T.Oka & Ohtani; Sci. Rep. Yokosuka City Mus. 27: 57 (1980)

Distribution: Japan

38 JAP

Remarks: Polystichum fibrillosopaleaceum x tagawanum

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (28)

Genus (27)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Contact

How to Cite:

Search

+ Family

Filter

Order

Family (28)

Genus (27)

Display options

A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species, 8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms, in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus*" are deliberately omitted]