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452.0000 Family Asteraceae Dumort.; Commentat. Bot. [Dumortier] 55 (1822)
1620 genera, ca. 29.000 spp. (35.000 spp. incl. microspecies). Systematics taken mostly from Funk et al. (2009, 2020) and Zuntini et al. (2024). Barnadesioideae (so far treated as most basal member of Asteraceae) might be a separate family, more related to Calyceraceae.
Species listed in database: 35249; hybrids: 678
= Acarnaceae Link; (1829)
= Ambrosiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820), nom. cons.
= Anthemidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Aposeridaceae Raf.; New Fl. [Rafinesque] 4: 106 (1838)
= Arctotaceae Bessey; Univ. Stud. Nebraska 14: 107 (1914)
= Arctotidaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Artemisiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 48 (1820)
= Athanasiaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 56 (1820)
= Calendulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Carduaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Carlinaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Centaureaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Cichoriaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl. [Jussieu] 168 (1789), nom. cons.
= Cnicaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 297 (1818)
= Compositae Giseke; Prael. Ord. Nat. Pl. 538 (1792), nom. cons.
= Coreopsidaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 768 (1829)
= Cynaraceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 926, 931, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Echinopaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 255 (1820)
= Eupatoriaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 253 (1820)
= Gnaphaliaceae Link ex F.Rudolphi; Syst. Orb. Veg. 46 (1830)
= Grindeliaceae Rchb. ex A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 330 (1907)
= Heleniaceae Raf.; Cincinnati Lit. Gaz. 2: 28 (1824)
= Helianthaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Helichrysaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 712 (1829)
= Inulaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Ivaceae Raf.; Fl. Tellur. 1: 31 (1837)
= Lactucaceae Drude; Handb. Bot. 3(2): 369 (1886)
= Lapsanaceae Martinov; (1820)
= Madiaceae A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 2: 332 (1907)
= Matricariaceae Voigt; Hort. Suburb. Calcutt. 400 (1845)
= Mutisiaceae Burnett; Outlines Bot. [Burnett] 934, 935, 1094, 1111 (1835)
= Nassauviaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 290 (1836)
= Partheniaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 816 (1829)
= Perdiciaceae Link; Handbuch [Link] 1: 728 (1829)
= Picridaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 482 (1820)
= Santolinaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 560 (1820)
= Senecionaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Serratulaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar 577 (1820)
= Tanacetaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Tussilagaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prír. Rostlin 254 (1820)
= Vernoniaceae Burmeist.; Handb. Naturgesch. 296 (1836)
= Xanthiaceae Vest; Anleit. Stud. Bot. 273, 298 (1818)
= Xeranthemaceae Döll; Rhein. Fl. [Döll] 498 (1843)
452.6673 Genus Xylanthemum Tzvelev; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 26: 284, 877 (1961)
Distribution: Middle Asia (3), NE-Iran, Afghanistan
Species listed in database: 7
= Tanacetum Sect.Xylanthemum (Tzvelev) Podlech; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 158: 137 (1986)
species :
Xylanthemum fisherae (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Tzvelev; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 26: 287 (1961)
Distribution: Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Tajikistan; Afghanistan (Badakshan, Baghlan, Balkh, Bamyan, Ghazni, Kabul, Kunar / Nuristan, Logar, Wardak, Paktia / Khost, Parwan, Takhar); Pakistan (Baluchistan, Kurram, Chitral)
32 TKM TZK UZB 34 AFG 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Cancrinia rupestris (Popov ex Nevski) Poljakov; Fl. Turkmen. [Fedtschenko et al.] 7: 104 (1960)
= Chrysanthemum fisherae (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Rech.f.; Biol. Skr. 8(2) [Symb. Afghan. 2]: 45 (1955)
= Chrysanthemum polycladum Rech.f.; Biol. Skr. 8(2) [Symb. Afghan. 2]: 47 (1955)
= Chrysanthemum popovii Gilli; Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 68: 94 (1963)
= Chrysanthemum rupestre (Popov) Rech.f.; Biol. Skr. 8(2) [Symb. Afghan. 2]: 47 (1955)
= Pyrethrum fisherae (Aitch. & Hemsl.) Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier], Suppl. 300 (1888)
= Tanacetum fisherae Aitch. & Hemsl.; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 19: 170 (1882)
= Tanacetum rupestre Popov; Trudy Bot. Inst. Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R., Ser. 1, Fl. Sist. Vyssh. Rast. 4: 282 (1937) ex Nevski
= Xylanthemum polycladum (Rech.f.) Tzvelev; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 26: 288 (1961)
= Xylanthemum rupestre (Popov ex Nevski) Tzvelev; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 26: 287 (1961)
species :
Xylanthemum gilletii (Podlech) K.Bremer & Humphries; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 23(2): 105 (1993)
Distribution: Pakistan
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Tanacetum gillettii Podlech; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 158: 140 (1986)
species :
Xylanthemum lingulatum (Boiss.) K.Bremer & Humphries; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 23(2): 105 (1993)
Distribution: Iran (SW-Iran)
34 IRN
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysanthemum lingulatum (Boiss.) Bornm.; Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 60: B. 195 (1939)
= Pyrethrum lingulatum Boiss.; Fl. Orient. [Boissier] 3: 357 (1875)
= Tanacetum lingulatum (Boiss.) Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 22: 47 (1907)
species :
Xylanthemum macropodum (Hemsl. & Lace) K.Bremer & Humphries; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 23(2): 105 (1993)
Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan)
40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Chrysanthemum diaphanolepis Rech.f.; Anz. Österr. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Naturwiss. Kl. 98: 44 (1961)
= Tanacetum macropodum Hemsl. & Lace; J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 28: 324 (1891)
species :
Xylanthemum paghmanense (Podlech) K.Bremer & Humphries; Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. London, Bot. 23(2): 105 (1993)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Baghlan, Kabul)
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Tanacetum paghmanense Podlech; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 158: 141 (1986)
species :
Xylanthemum paleaceum (Podlech) Oberpr. & Vogt; Willdenowia 52(1): 131 (2022)
Distribution: Afghanistan (Bamyan, Ghazni, Logar, Wardak, Paktia / Khost)
34 AFG
Synonyms: hidden
= Tanacetum paleaceum Podlech; Fl. Iranica [Rechinger] 158: 143 (1986)
species :
Xylanthemum pamiricum (Hoffm.) Tzvelev; Fl. URSS [Komarov et al., eds.] 26: 286 (1961)
Distribution: Kyrgyzstan; Tajikistan; Iran (N-Iran, SW-Iran); Afghanistan (Wakhan, Bamyan, Ghazni, Wardak); Pakistan (Pamirs, Chitral)
32 KGZ TZK 34 AFG IRN 40 PAK
Synonyms: hidden
= Cancrinia pamirica (O.Hoffm.) Poljakov; Bot. Mater. Gerb. Bot. Inst. Komarova Akad. Nauk S.S.S.R. 19: 371 (1959)
= Chrysanthemum kermanense (Bornm.) Parsa; Fl. Iran [Parsa] 3: 262 (1949)
= Chrysanthemum pamiricum (O.Hoffm.) Pamp.; Sped. It. De Filippi Himalaya etc. 1913-14, Ser. 2, 10 (Agg. Fl. Caracorùm): 205 (1930)
= Chrysanthemum pamiricum O.Hoffm.; Vidensk. Meddel. Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, Ser. 6, 7: 149 (1903)
= Pyrethrum kermanense Bornm.; Bull. Herb. Boissier, Sér. 2, 5: 317 (1905)
= Pyrethrum pamiricum (O.Hoffm.) O.Fedtsch.; Mater. Pozn. Fauny Fl. Rossijsk. Imperii, Otd. Bot. 87 (1905)
= Tanacetum pamiricum (O.Hoffm.) Bornm.; Mitt. Thüring. Bot. Vereins, N. F. 22: 48 (1907)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 25.06 (June 15th, 2025)

Covering 356,645 accepted species,
8,788 hybrids, 48,065 accepted infraspecific taxa and 1,003,237 synonyms,
in total 1,416,735* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,209 pictures of 15,787 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life