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Ver. 19.2
April 17th, 2024

453.0000 Family Gentianaceae Juss.; Gen. Pl.: 141 (1789), nom. cons.
95 genera, ca. 1850 spp.
Species listed in database: 1852; hybrids: 23
= Chironiaceae Bercht. & J.Presl; Prir. Rostlin 1(104-114): 1, 36 (1823)
= Coutoubeaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 168 (1820)
= Obolariaceae Martinov; Tekhno-Bot. Slovar: 427 (1820)
= Potaliaceae Mart.; Nov. Gen. Sp. Pl. 2: 89, 91, 133 (1827)
= Saccifoliaceae Maguire & Pires; Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 242 (1978)
453.0440 Genus Zeltnera G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 727 (2004)
Distribution: W-USA, Mexico
Species listed in database: 27
species :
Zeltnera abramsii (Munz) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 730 (2004)
Name: Abrams´ centaury
Distribution: USA (California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium venustum subsp. abramsii Munz; Aliso 4: 96 (1958)
species :
Zeltnera arizonica (A.Gray) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 733 (2004)
Name: Arizona centaury
Distribution: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, Nevada, Texas, Utah); Mexico (Durango, Sonora, Nuevo Leon, Chihuahua, Coahuila)
73 USA 76 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium arizonicum (A.Gray) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 4: 86 (1908)
= Centaurium arizonicum (A.Gray) Druce; Rep. Bot. Exch. Cl. Brit. Isles, 613 (1917), isonym
= Centaurium calycosum var. arizonicum (A.Gray) Tidestr.; Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 48: 42 (1935)
= Erythraea arizonica (A.Gray) Rydb.; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 33: 148 (1906)
= Erythraea calycosa var. arizonica A.Gray; Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 113 (1878)
species :
Zeltnera beyrichii (Torr.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 733 (2004)
Name: Quinineweed
Distribution: USA (Oklahoma, N- & C-Texas)
74 USA 77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium beyrichii (Torr.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 396 (1910)
= Centaurium beyrichii f. albiflorum Waterf.; Rhodora 50: 98 (1948)
= Erythraea beyrichii Torr.; Explor. Red River Louisiana [Marcy] 291. t. 13 (1853)
species :
Zeltnera breviflora (Shinners) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 733 (2004)
Distribution: USA (S-Texas)
77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium breviflorum (Shinners) B.L.Turner; Phytologia 75(3): 263 (1993 publ. 1994)
= Centaurium calycosum var. breviflorum Shinners; Field & Lab. 18: 130 (1950)
species :
Zeltnera calycosa (Buckley) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 734 (2004)
Name: Arizona centaury
Distribution: USA (Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas); Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium calycosum (Buckley) Fernald; Rhodora 10: 54 (1908)
= Centaurium calycosum var. nana (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 396 (1910)
= Centaurium calycosum var. nanum (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 396 (1910)
= Centaurium chironioides (A.Gray) Druce; Rep. Bot. Exch. Cl. Brit. Isles, 613 (1916 publ. 1917)
= Erythraea calycosa Buckley; Proc. Acad. Sci. Philad. 7 (1862 publ. 1863)
= Erythraea calycosa var. nana A.Gray; Syn. Fl. 2: 113 (1878)
= Erythraea chironioides A.Gray; Bot. California [W. H. Brewer] 1: 479 (1876) non Torr. 1859
species :
Zeltnera davyi (Jeps.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 730 (2004)
Name: Davy´s centaury
Distribution: USA (California, Santa Cruz Isl.)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium davyi (Jeps.) Abrams; Ill. Fl. Pacific States 3: 352 (1951)
= Centaurium exaltatum var. davyi Jeps.; Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. [Jeps.] 762 (1925)
species :
Zeltnera exaltata (Griseb.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 731 (2004)
Name: Desert centaury
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington State, Wyoming); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Sonora)
71 CDN 73 USA 74 USA 76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium douglasii (A.Gray) Druce; Rep. Bot. Exch. Cl. Brit. Isles, 613 (1916 publ. 1917)
= Centaurium exaltatum (Griseb.) W.Wight ex Piper; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11: 449 (1906)
= Centaurium nuttallii (S.Watson) A.Heller; Muhlenbergia 4: 86 (1908)
= Centaurodes douglasii (A.Gray) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 426 (1891)
= Cicendia exaltata Griseb.; Fl. Bor. Amer. (Hook.) 2: 69 (t. 157. A) (1837)
= Erythraea douglasii A.Gray; Bot. California [W. H. Brewer] 1: 480 (1876)
= Erythraea elata Nutt. ex A.Gray; Bot. Calif. 1: 480 (1876)
= Erythraea exaltata (Griseb.) Britton; Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 258 (1894)
= Erythraea exaltata (Griseb.) Coville; Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 4: 150 (1893)
= Erythraea longiflora Nutt. ex S.Watson; Botany [Fortieth Parallel] 277 (1871)
= Erythraea nuttallii S.Watson; Botany King Surv. 276 (1871)
= Erythraea tenella Nutt. ex A.Gray; S. Wats., Bot. California 1: 480 (1876)
species :
Zeltnera fonsecae Vigosa, D.Sandoval & D.Morales; Phytotaxa 636(2): 195 (2024)
Distribution: Mexico (Oaxaca)
79 MEX
species :
Zeltnera gentryi (C.R.Broome) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 735 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Chihuahua, ?Sonora)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium gentryi C.R.Broome; System. Centaurium (Gentianac.) Mexico & Centr. Amer.: 210 (1973), et Madrono 24(4): 236 (1977)
species :
Zeltnera glandulifera (Correll) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 734 (2004)
Name: Sticky centaury
Distribution: USA (Texas: Terrell Co.)
77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium beyrichii var. glanduliferum Correll; Wrightia 4: 76 (1968)
= Centaurium glanduliferum (Correll) B.L.Turner; Phytologia 75(3): 265 (1994)
species :
Zeltnera madrensis (Hemsl.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 735 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Queretaro, San Luis Potosi); Honduras
79 MEX 80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium macranthum (Hook. & Arn.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 396 (1910)
= Centaurium madrense (Hemsl.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 396 (1910)
= Centaurium pringleanum (Wittr.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 397 (1910)
= Erythraea macrantha Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy.: 438 (1841)
= Erythraea madrensis Hemsl.; Biol. Centr. Am. Bot. 2: 346 (1882)
= Erythraea mexicana Griseb. ex Hook. & Arn.; Bot. Beechey Voy.: 302 (1838)
= Erythraea pringleana Wittr.; Coult. Bot. Gaz. 16: 85 (1891)
species :
Zeltnera martinii (C.R.Broome) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 735 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan, Morelos, Guerrero)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium martinii C.R.Broome; Brittonia 28(4): 423 (1976 publ.1977)
= Centaurium phenax R.F.Martin ex Broome; System. Centaurium (Gentianac.) Mexico & Centr. Amer.: 222 (1973), nom. inval.
species :
Zeltnera maryanniana (B.L.Turner) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 734 (2004)
Name: Gypsum centaury
Distribution: USA (S-New Mexico, W-Texas)
77 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium maryannianum B.L.Turner; Phytologia 75(3): 269 (1993 publ. 1994)
species :
Zeltnera muhlenbergii (Griseb.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 731 (2004)
Name: Muhlenberg´s centaury
Distribution: Canada (British Columbia); USA (California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Washington State)
71 CDN 73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium curvistamineum (Wittr.) Druce; Rep. Bot. Exch. Cl. Brit. Isles, 613 (1916 publ. 1917)
= Centaurium curvistamineum f. albiflorum (Suksd.) Suksd.; H. St. John, Fl. S.-E. Washington: 314 (1937)
= Centaurium floribundum (Benth.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 396 (1910)
= Centaurium minimum (Howell) Piper; Piper & Beattie, Fl. N. W. Coast 288 (1915)
= Centaurium muehlenbergii (Griseb.) W.Wight ex Piper; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 11: 450 (1906)
= Centaurium muehlenbergii f. albiflorum (Suksd.) H.St.John; Fl. S.-E. Washington: 314 (1937)
= Centaurium muehlenbergii var. albiflorum Suksd.; Werdenda 1: 30 (1927)
= Centaurodes floribundum (Benth.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 426 (1891)
= Centaurodes muhlenbergii (Griseb.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 426 (1891)
= Chironia dubia Willd. ex Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent. 146 (1838)
= Erythraea centaurium Borkh.; Arch. Bot. [Leipzig] 1(1): 30 (1796)
= Erythraea curvistaminea Wittr.; Bot. Centralbl. 26: 317 (1886)
= Erythraea floribunda Benth.; Pl. Hartw. [Benth.] [Sig. TT]: 322 (1840)
= Erythraea minima Howell; Fl. N. W. Amer. 443 (1901)
= Erythraea muehlenbergii Griseb.; Gen. Sp. Gent.: 146 (1838)
= Erythraea nuttallii var. tenella A.Gray; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 8: 398 (1872)
= Erythraea pulchella A.Gray ex Griseb.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 9: 60 (1845)
species :
Zeltnera multicaulis (B.L.Rob.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 734 (2004)
Name: Manystem centaury
Distribution: USA (Texas); Mexico (Durango, Chihuahua, Puebla, San Luis Potosi, Sonora)
77 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium multicaule Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 396 (1910)
species :
Zeltnera namophila (Reveal, C.R.Broome & Beatley) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 732 (2004)
Name: Springloving centaury
Distribution: USA (Nevada: Nye Co.)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium namophilum Reveal, Broome & Beatley; Bull. Torrey Bot. Club, 100(6): 353 (1974)
species :
Zeltnera nesomii B.L.Turner; Phytoneuron 61: 1 (2011)
Distribution: Mexico (Tamaulipas)
79 MEX
species :
Zeltnera nevadensis (C.R.Broome) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 732 (2004)
Distribution: USA (Nevada, California, Utah, Idaho, Oregon)
73 USA 76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium namatophilum var. nevadense C.R.Broome; Great Basin Naturalist 41: 192 (1981)
species :
Zeltnera nudicaulis (Engelm.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 735 (2004)
Name: Santa Catalina Mountain centaury
Distribution: USA (S-Arizona); Mexico (Aguascalientes, Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Jalisco, Nayarit, Puebla, Sinaloa, Sonora)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium nudicaule (Engelm.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 397 (1910)
= Centaurium peninsulare Brandegee; Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 502 (1919)
= Erythraea nudicaulis Engelm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 17: 222 (1882)
species :
Zeltnera pusilla (Eastw.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 735 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Jalisco, Michoacan, San Luis Potosi)
79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium pusillum Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. xliY. 605 (1909)
species :
Zeltnera quitensis (Kunth) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 735 (2004)
Name: Britton´s centaury
Distribution: Mexico (Aguascalientes, Chiapas, Colima, Ciudad de Mexico, Durango, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Mexico State, Michoacan, Morelos, Nayarit, Oaxaca, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo, San Luis Potosi, Sinaloa, Tabasco, Tlaxcala, Veracruz, Yucatan); Guatemala; El Salvador; Honduras; Nicaragua; Costa Rica; Panama; Bahamas; Turks & Caicos Isl.; Cuba; Virgin Isl. (Anegada); Curacao; Colombia (Cundinamarca, Tolima); Venezuela (Aragua, Delta Amacuro, Venezuela Distrito Federal, Merida, Miranda, Monagas); Ecuador; Peru
79 MEX 80 COS ELS GUA HON NIC PAN 81 BAH CUB CUR TCI VIR 82 CLM VEN 83 ECU PER
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium brittonii Millsp. & Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. ii 308 (1909)
= Centaurium divaricatum (W.Schaffn. ex Schltdl.) Millsp. & Greenm.; Publ. Field Columb. Mus., Bot. 2: 309 (1909)
= Centaurium quitense (Kunth) B.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 397 (1910)
= Centaurium quitense (Kunth) Thell.; Mem. Soc. Neuchatel. Sci. Nat. 5: 395 (1913), isonym
= Centaurodes divaricatum (W.Schaffn. ex Schltdl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 2: 426 (1891)
= Cicendia quitensis (Kunth) Griseb.; Linnaea 22: 33 (1849)
= Erythraea divaricata W.Schaffn. ex Schltdl.; Bot. Zeit. 13: 920 (1855)
= Erythraea quitensis Kunth; Nov. Gen. et Sp. 3: 178 (1818)
= Exacum patens Willd. ex Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 139 (1838)
= Exacum quitense (Kunth) Spreng.; Syst. 1: 425 (1824)
species :
Zeltnera setacea (Benth.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 736 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Chiapas, Chihuahua, Colima, Durango, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Sonora); Guatemala
79 MEX 80 GUA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium setaceum (Benth.) Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 397 (1910)
= Erythraea setacea Benth.; Bot. Voy. Sulph. 128 (1845)
species :
Zeltnera stricta (Schiede) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 736 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Queretaro, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacan, México State, Morelos, Veracruz, Guerrero, Oaxaca); Honduras
79 MEX 80 HON
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium micranthum (Greenm.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 395 (1910)
= Centaurium retusum (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 45: 397 (1910)
= Centaurium strictum (Schiede) Druce; Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles 1916: 614 (1917)
= Centaurium tetramerum (Schltldl.) Eastw.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 44: 606 (1909)
= Centaurodes tetramera (Schltldl.) Kuntze; Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 426 (1891)
= Erythraea micrantha Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 39: 83 (1903)
= Erythraea retusa B.L.Rob. & Greenm.; Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 32: 38 (1896)
= Erythraea stricta Schiede; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 13: 918 (1855)
= Erythraea stricta var. tereticaulis Donn.Sm.; Bot. Gaz. 24: 398 (1897)
= Erythraea tetramera Schltdl.; Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 13: 919 (1855)
species :
Zeltnera texensis (Griseb.) G.Mans. ex J.S.Pringle; Rhodora 113(956): 514 (2012)
Name: Lady Bird´s centaury
Distribution: USA (Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, Texas)
74 USA 75 USA 77 USA 78 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium texense (Griseb.) Fernald; Rhodora 10: 54 (1908)
= Erythraea texensis Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 139 (1838)
= Zeltnera texensis (Griseb.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 734 (2004), nom. inval.
species :
Zeltnera trichantha (Griseb.) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 733 (2004)
Name: Alkali centaury
Distribution: USA (N-California)
76 USA
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium trichanthum (Griseb.) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 397 (1910)
= Erythraea trichantha Griseb.; Gen. et Sp. Gent. 146 (1838)
= Erythraea trichantha var. angustifolia Griseb.; Prodr. [A. DC.] 9: 60 (1845)
species :
Zeltnera venusta (A.Gray) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 733 (2004)
Name: Charming centaury
Distribution: USA (California, Nevada); Mexico (Baja California Norte, Chihuahua, Sonora)
76 USA 79 MEX
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium venustum (A.Gray) B.L.Rob.; Proc. Amer. Acad. 45: 397 (1910)
= Centaurium venustum f. tupae Creutz; Wild Fl. 38: 19 (1962)
= Erythraea chironioides Torr.; Bot. Mex. Bound. 156 (1859) non A. Gray
= Erythraea venusta A.Gray; Bot. Calif. 1: 479 (1876)
= Erythraea venusta var. micrantha Wittr.; Bot. Not. 1899: 281 (1899)
species :
Zeltnera wigginsii (C.R.Broome) G.Mans.; Taxon 53(3): 736 (2004)
Distribution: Mexico (Durango, Nayarit, Sinaloa); Revillagigedos Isl. (Isla Socorro)
79 MEX RGI
Synonyms: hidden
= Centaurium wigginsii C.R.Broome; System. Centaurium (Gentianac.). Mexico & Centr. Amer.: 286 (1973), et Madrono 24(4): 239 (1977)
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A complete, synonymic checklist of the Higher Plants of the World

Version 19.2 (April 17th, 2024)

Covering 354,696 accepted species,
8,644 hybrids, 47,758 accepted infraspecific taxa and 996,379 synonyms,
in total 1,407,477* names

[*about 25,000 dubious, "unplaced" names and about 4,000 invalid names (Art. 24.3) like "typicus" are deliberately omitted]

With complete, detailed distribution data (countries and regions) and literature references

Arranged in linear phylogenetic sequence reflecting true relationships

Fully searchable and continously updated

With 38,290 pictures of 15,532 species

Assembled through 40 years independently from other databases

In cooperation with Catalogue of Life